{"id":"court_ctb_2596_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":2596,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":null,"title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | |\n|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS | DEFENDANTS | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.) | ATTORNEYS
(If Known) | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only)
□ Debtor
□ U.S.
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin
□ Creditor
□ Other
□ Trustee | PARTY (Check One Box Only)
□ Debtor
□ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin
□ Creditor
□ Other
□ Trustee | | |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION
(WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED)
NATURE OF SUIT | | | |\n| (Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property
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11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property
□
12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference
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13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
□
14-Recovery of money/property - other
FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
□
21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued)
□
61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support
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68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury
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63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan
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64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation
(other than domestic support)
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65-Dischargeability - other | | |\n| FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property
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31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h) | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief
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71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay
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72-Injunctive relief – other | | |\n| FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge
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41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e) | FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest
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81-Subordination of claim or interest | | |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation
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51-Revocation of confirmation | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment
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91-Declaratory judgment | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability
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66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims
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62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation,
actual fraud
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67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny
(continued next column) | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action
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01-Determination of removed claim or cause
Other
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SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.
□
02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court
if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | |\n| □ Check if this case involves a substantive issue of state law | □ Check if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23 | | |\n| □ Check if a jury trial is demanded in complaint | Demand \\$ | | |\n| Other Relief Sought | | | |\n\n#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------|-----------------------------|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR | | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO. | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFF | DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY
PROCEEDING NO. | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | |\n| DATE | | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n# **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | x |\n|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| In re: | :
:
Chapter 11 |\n| 1
HO WAN KWOK,
et al., | :
:
Case No. 22-50073 (JAM) |\n| Debtors. | :
:
(Jointly Administered)
: |\n| -----------------------------------------------------------
LUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11
TRUSTEE,
Plaintiff,
v.
AMAZON WEB SERVICES, INC.
Defendant. | x
:
:
:
:
Adv. Proceeding No. [ ]
:
:
:
:
February 9, 2024
:
:
:
: |\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | x |\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF FRAUDULENT TRANSFERS AND POSTPETITION TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 544, 548, 549, AND 550 AND NEW YORK DEBTOR & CREDITOR LAW SECTIONS 273, 274, AND 276**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the\n\nchapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this\n\n1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\nadversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant Amazon Web Services, Inc. (the \"Defendant\"), stating as follows:\n\n#### **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding to avoid and recover: (a) transfers of the Debtor's property prior to the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case; and (b) transfers of property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate after the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case and not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or under Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\").\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter ego shell companies, Lexington Property and Staffing, Inc. (\"Lexington\"), HCHK Technologies, Inc. (\"HCHK Technologies\"), Leading Shine NY Ltd. (\"Leading Shine\") and G Fashion Media Group, Inc. (\"G Fashion\"), transferred funds in the amount of \\$8,569,589.83 prior to the Petition Date (as defined herein) to the Defendant as initial transferee.\n\n3. These transfers were actually fraudulent, because the Debtor effectuated them as part of his \"shell game,\" and they were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n4. Following the Petition Date, the Debtor, through his alter ego shell companies, Lexington and HCHK Technologies, transferred funds in the aggregate amount of \\$1,070,642.44 to the Defendant as initial transferee.\n\n2\n\n5. Because these postpetition transfers of estate property were not authorized by the Court or under the Bankruptcy Code, they are subject to avoidance and recovery under sections 549 and 550 of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n# **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n6. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b).\n\n7. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(a).\n\n8. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include sections 544, 547, 548, 549, and 550 of the Bankruptcy Code and New York Debtor & Creditor Law sections 273, 274, and 276 2 or any other applicable state law equivalents.\n\n# **THE PARTIES**\n\n9. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n10. The Defendant is a Delaware corporation with an address 410 Terry Avenue North, Seattle, Washington 98109.\n\n2 All statutory references to New York Debtor and Creditor Law will hereinafter be referred to as \"N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law\". The New York Uniform Voidable Transactions Act (\"NYUVT\") replaced the New York Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act (\"NYUFC\") and became effective on April 4, 2020 and applies to transfers made or obligations incurred on or after April 4, 2020. With respect to transfers prior to April 4, 2020, the Trustee seeks relief in this action under the NYUFC and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 273a, 275, 276 and 278.\n\n### **FACTS**\n\n### **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n11. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the Chapter 11 Case.\n\n12. On March 21, 2022, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n13. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities.3 While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and/or transferred through his many alter ego shell companies, Lexington, HCHK Technologies, Leading Shine, and G Fashion.\n\n14. On June 15, 2022, the Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the Trustee. On July 8, 2022, the Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n### **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n15. Lexington, HCHK Technologies, Leading Shine, and G Fashion are among the numerous alter ego shell companies used by the Debtor to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his\n\n3 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 [Main Case Docket No. 78].\n\ncreditors.4 For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members, lieutenants, and/or subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use and spend and/or transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets—while concealing his property from creditors.\n\n16. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell companies were his alter egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several adversary proceedings the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief.5\n\n17. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell\n\ncompanies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from\n\nThe Trustee has or will imminently commence an adversary proceeding against G Fashion, which adversary proceeding seeks, among other things, a declaratory judgment that G Fashion was the alter ego of the Debtor. The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in such adversary proceeding.\n\n4 A default has entered against Lexington, HCHK Technologies, and HCHK Property, in the adversary proceeding *Despins v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et. al* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5013 (the \"HCHK Entities A.P.\"), Docket No. 139), which adversary proceeding seeks, among other things, a declaratory judgment that Lexington, HKHK Technologies, and HCHK Property are the alter egos of the Debtor. The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the HCHK Entities A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5013, Docket No. 1).\n\nDefault has entered against Leading Shine in the adversary proceeding *Despins v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023 (the \"Lamp Capital A.P.\"), Docket No. 13), which adversary proceeding seeks, among other things, a declaratory judgment that Leading Shine was the alter ego of the Debtor. The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the Lamp Capital A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023, Docket No. 1).\n\n5 These include the following adversary proceedings: (i) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]; (vi) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited [Adv. Proc. 23- 05018]; and (vii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. 23-05023].\n\nother Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n### **C. Debtor's Conduct to Hinder, Delay, and/or Defraud Creditors**\n\n18. In addition to the matters addressed in the Trustee's adversary proceedings, the Bankruptcy Court has found that the Debtor was the beneficial owner of Ace Decade Limited (and through it, Dawn State Limited) and that the Debtor controlled and employed Ace Decade Limited's nominee shareholder, Yvette Wang.6\n\n19. The Bankruptcy Court has also found that the \"G Entities\" (Gettr, G Fashion, G Music, GClubs, GNews and GEdu), the New Federal State of China and the Rule of Law Foundation, as well as other purportedly independent entities and organizations, were controlled by the Debtor7 , led by the Debtor8 and/or served \"the purposes of… and as business vehicles of\" the Debtor.9\n\n20. Prior to the Petition Date, Judge Liman of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York found that Eastern Profit Corporation Limited, an entity originally owned by one of the Debtor's chefs before its transfer to Debtor's daughter, was \"in essence, a shell corporation\" for the Debtor.10\n\n6 Order Granting Motion to Hold Debtor in Contempt of Corporate Governance Order, ¶¶ 1, 4 (Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372 (\"Corp. Governance Contempt Order\").\n\n7 *Corrected Memorandum of Decision Granting in Part Motion for Preliminary Injunction*, ¶ 3 (Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032, January 13, 2023 (\"The Debtor also controls Saraca Media Group and a related entity 'GTV'\").\n\n8 *Id*. at ¶ 7 (\"The Debtor is the leader of The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF and Himalaya.\").\n\n9 *Id*. (\"The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF, GSeries, and Himalaya serve the purposes of the Debtor, serve as business vehicles for the Debtor, and their members are personally loyal to the Debtor.\").\n\n10 *Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC*, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n21. The Debtor has gone to great lengths to hinder and delay the collection efforts of one of his largest creditors, *i.e.*, Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P. (\"PAX\"). In 2017, PAX sued the Debtor in the Supreme Court of the State of New York (the \"New York Court\"), Index No. 652077/2017 (the \"PAX Case\"), seeking judgment for monies owed. On February 3, 2021, PAX obtained a judgment from the New York Court against the Debtor in the sum of \\$116,402,019.57 (the \"PAX Judgment\"). PAX sought to enforce the PAX Judgment by levying the Debtor's assets—including the Lady May, which the Debtor falsely claimed was owned by his daughter, and the Debtor's luxury apartment in Manhattan, which the Debtor falsely claimed was held in trust for the Debtor's son. The Debtor's defiance of New York Court orders in postjudgment proceedings eventually resulted in the Debtor incurring contempt penalties of \\$134 million.\n\n22. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including Lexington, HCHK Technologies, Leading Shine, and G Fashion, as personal piggy-banks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries on their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos effectuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme.\n\n23. The Debtor has testified before the Bankruptcy Court that he has insufficient assets to pay his liabilities and that his luxurious lifestyle is funded by his family through businesses nominally held by family members.11 The Debtor scheduled only \\$3,850 in assets.12\n\n11 Hearing on Debtor's Motion for Entry of Interim and Final DIP Orders (I) Authorizing the Debtor to Obtain Unsecured, Subordinated Postpetition Financing and (II) Scheduling Interim and Final Hearings, and (III) Granting Related Relief (Main Case, April 27, 2022)\n\n12 *See* n.3\n\n24. In March 2023, the Debtor was arrested and remains confined pending his trial on federal criminal charges of, among other things, wire fraud, securities fraud, and money laundering.\n\n25. In its criminal indictment of the Debtor, the United States Government asserts that the Debtor and his co-defendants \"utilized more than approximately 500 accounts held in the names of *at least 80 different entities or individuals* to launder more than \\$1 billion in fraud proceeds.\"13\n\n26. The property of the Debtor's alter egos, Lexington, HCHK Technologies, Leading Shine, and G Fashion, was at all times prior to the Petition Date property of the Debtor.\n\n27. At all times relevant herein, the Debtor conducted business in New York, New York, including direction of the prepetition transfers at issue in this Complaint.\n\n### **D. Debtor's Shell Game and Fraud Continues Postpetition**\n\n28. As of the Petition Date, all of the Debtor's property held through his alter egos, including Lexington, HCHK Technologies, Leading Shine, and G Fashion, became property of the chapter 11 estate. *See* 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1).\n\n29. Following the Petition Date, the Debtor, with blatant disregard for the Bankruptcy Court and his obligations under the Bankruptcy Code, continued to effectuate transfers through numerous alter ego shell companies, including, without limitation, Lexington and HCHK Technologies.\n\n13 *See* Memorandum of Law of the United States of America in Opposition to Defendant Yanping Wang's Motion for Pretrial Release at 29, attached as Exhibit B in the Reply of Chapter 11 Trustee to G Club Operations LLC's Supplemental Objection to Trustee's Motion to Compel and Request for Related Relief (June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934).\n\n30. None of these postpetition transfers were authorized by the Bankruptcy Court nor were such transfers authorized under the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n#### **E. Transfers Made with Intent to Hinder, Delay, or Defraud Creditors**\n\n31. The Transfers at issue in this Complaint were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors inasmuch as they were all made through the Debtor's alterego shell companies operated as a part of the Debtor's shell game.\n\n32. The Debtor intentionally orchestrated his financial affairs in this manner in order to conceal and dissipate millions of dollars in assets while falsely pleading poverty to his many creditors. The Debtor claimed to be destitute while simultaneously spending heavily to maintain a billionaire lifestyle for himself and for his family members and close associates.\n\n33. The assets concealed and dissipated by the Debtor included funds that he obtained from the victims of his cryptocurrency, securities, and other fraud schemes. As a result of this conduct, the Debtor faces multiple felony fraud, money laundering, and racketeering charges in a criminal case pending in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. *See United States v. Ho Wan Kwok*, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.).\n\n34. The Debtor knew and intended that by concealing and dissipating his assets in this manner there would not be sufficient assets remaining to repay his creditors—including the many victims of his frauds. These transfers were thus necessarily made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n### **F. Transfers to the Defendant**\n\n35. Prior to the Petition Date, the Debtor, using his alter-ego shell companies Lexington, HCHK Technologies, Leading Shine, and G Fashion, or otherwise, transferred the Debtor's property to the Defendant (collectively, the \"Prepetition Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n36. Subsequent to the Petition Date, the Debtor, through his shell companies Lexington,\n\nHCHK Technologies, Leading Shine, and G Fashion, or otherwise, transferred property of the estate to the Defendant (collectively, the \"Postpetition Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE B** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n37. At the time of the Prepetition Transfers and the Postpetition Transfers (collectively,\n\nthe \"Transfers\"), the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of the Debtor's estate.\n\n38. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfers.\n\n### **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n## **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers Pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 548(a)(1)(A) and 550(a))**\n\n39. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-38 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n40. The Prepetition Transfers were made by the Debtor through his alter egos, Lexington, HCHK Technologies, Leading Shine, and G Fashion, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n41. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the Prepetition Transfers is shown by, among other things:\n\na. The Prepetition Transfers were effectuated using an alter ego shell company;\n\nb. The Prepetition Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Prepetition Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Prepetition Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Prepetition Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Prepetition Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Prepetition Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n42. The Prepetition Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to section 548(a)(i)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code and are recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n## **SECOND CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 274, and 276, and Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) and 550(a))**\n\n43. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-38 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n44. The Prepetition Transfers were made by the Debtor, through his alter egos, Lexington, HCHK Technologies, Leading Shine, and G Fashion, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n45. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the Prepetition Transfers is shown by, among other things:\n\na. The Prepetition Transfers were effectuated using an alter ego shell company;\n\nb. The Prepetition Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Prepetition Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Prepetition Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Prepetition Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Prepetition Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Prepetition Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n12\n\n46. The Prepetition Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276, and section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **THIRD CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Unauthorized Postpetition Transfers pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 549 and 550(a))**\n\n47. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-38 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n48. The Postpetition Transfers were made to the Defendant by the Debtor, including through his alter ego shell companies, Lexington and HCHK Technologies.\n\n49. The Postpetition Transfers occurred after the Petition Date.\n\n50. The Postpetition Transfers were not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or by the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n51. The Postpetition Transfers constituted the unauthorized transfer of property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate.\n\n52. The Postpetition Transfers are avoidable pursuant to section 549(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n53. Pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code, the Trustee is entitled to recover the Postpetition Transfers, or the value thereof, from the Defendant plus interest thereon to the date of payment and the costs of this action.\n\n*[THE REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK.]*\n\n#### **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. On the First Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Prepetition Transfers in an amount not less than \\$8,569,589.83 are avoided pursuant to section 548(a)(1)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code; (b) an order directing that the Prepetition Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Prepetition Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. On the Second Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Prepetition Transfers in an amount not less than \\$8,569,589.83 are avoided pursuant to section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2), 274 and 276; (b) an order directing that the Prepetition Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Prepetition Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law section 276 and section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n3. On the Third Claim, an order (a) declaring that the Postpetition Transfers in an amount not less than \\$1,070,642.44 are avoided pursuant to section 549 of the Bankruptcy Code; and (b) an order directing that the Postpetition Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Postpetition Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n4. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n5. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n14\n\nDated: February 9, 2024 New Haven, CT LUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: /s/ *Patrick R. Linsey\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_* Douglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 dskalka@npmlaw.com plinsey@npmlaw.com *Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\n# **SCHEDULE A**\n\n# **FILED UNDER SEAL**\n\n# **SCHEDULE B**\n\n**FILED UNDER SEAL**","body_zh":"B1040（FORM 1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗程序封面表\n（背面附有说明） 对抗程序编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n原告 被告\n律师（律所名称、地址和电话号码） 律师\n（如已知）\n当事人（仅勾选一个方框）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国受托人/\n破产管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他\n□ 受托人 当事人（仅勾选一个方框）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国受托人/破产\n管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他\n□ 受托人\n诉因\n（简要说明诉因，包括所涉全部美国法规）\n诉讼性质\n（最多编号五（5）个方框，以主要诉因为1、第一个备选诉因为2、第二个备选诉因为3，依此类推。）\nFRBP 7001(1) — 追收金钱/财产\n□\n11—追收金钱/财产 — §542 财产交还\n□\n12—追收金钱/财产 — §547 优先受偿\n□\n13—追收金钱/财产 — §548 欺诈性转让\n□\n14—追收金钱/财产 — 其他\nFRBP 7001(2) — 留置权的有效性、顺位或范围\n□\n21—留置权或财产中其他权益的有效性、顺位或范围 FRBP 7001(6) — 债务可解除性（续）\n□\n61—债务可解除性 — §523(a)(5)，家庭扶养\n□\n68—债务可解除性 — §523(a)(6)，故意且恶意的损害\n□\n63—债务可解除性 — §523(a)(8)，学生贷款\n□\n64—债务可解除性 — §523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\n（家庭扶养义务除外）\n□\n65—债务可解除性 — 其他\nFRBP 7001(3) — 批准出售财产\n□\n31—批准出售破产财团财产及共同所有人财产 — §363(h) FRBP 7001(7) — 禁令救济\n□\n71—禁令救济 — 实施中止\n□\n72—禁令救济 — 其他\nFRBP 7001(4) — 对债务免除提出异议/撤销债务免除\n□\n41—对债务免除提出异议/撤销债务免除 — §727(c),(d),(e) FRBP 7001(8) 请求权或权益劣后\n□\n81—请求权或权益劣后\nFRBP 7001(5) — 撤销确认\n□\n51—撤销确认 FRBP 7001(9) 确认之诉\n□\n91—确认之诉\nFRBP 7001(6) — 债务可解除性\n□\n66—债务可解除性 — §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税收债权\n□\n62—债务可解除性 — §523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述、\n实际欺诈\n□\n67—债务可解除性 — §523(a)(4)，作为受托人的欺诈、侵占、盗窃\n（续见下一栏） FRBP 7001(10) 对移送诉讼的裁定\n□\n01—对移送请求权或诉因的裁定\n其他\n□\nSS-SIPA案件 — 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\n□\n02—其他（例如，如与破产案件无关本应在州法院提起的其他诉讼）\n□ 如本案涉及州法实体问题，请勾选 □ 如主张本案属于 FRCP 23 规定的集体诉讼，请勾选\n□ 如起诉状请求陪审团审判，请勾选 请求金额 $\n请求的其他救济\nB1040（FORM 1040）（12/15）\n\n本对抗程序所由以产生的破产案件\n\n债务人姓名 破产案件编号\n案件审理地区 分庭 法官姓名\n相关对抗程序（如有）\n原告 被告 对抗\n程序编号\n对抗程序审理地区 分庭 法官姓名\n律师（或原告）签名\n日期 律师（或原告）姓名正楷\n说明\n\n提交破产案件会在破产法院管辖下设立“破产财团”，该财团由债务人的全部财产构成，无论该等财产位于何处。由于破产财团范围广泛且法院管辖权宽泛，可能会就破产财团的财产或财产权利发生诉讼。也可能发生涉及债务人债务免除的诉讼。此类诉讼如在破产法院提起，称为对抗程序。\n\n提起对抗程序的一方还必须填写并提交 Form 1040，即对抗程序封面表，除非该方通过法院的案件管理/电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提交对抗程序。（CM/ECF在提交过程中收集 Form 1040 上的信息。）填写完毕后，该封面表概述对抗程序的基本信息。法院书记员需要该等信息以处理对抗程序，并编制所需的法院活动统计报告。\n\n封面表及其中所载信息并不替代或补充法律、《破产程序规则》或法院地方法规所要求提交及送达的诉状或其他文件。封面表大体不言自明，必须由原告律师填写（如原告未由律师代理，则由原告填写）。每提交一份起诉状，均须向书记员单独提交一份封面表。\n\n原告和被告。请准确填写起诉状中所载的原告和被告姓名。\n\n律师。如已知，请填写律师的姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。请在第一栏中为原告勾选最适当的方框，并在第二栏中为被告勾选最适当的方框。\n\n请求金额。填写起诉状中请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面表必须由登记在案的律师在表格第二页的方框内签署。如原告由律师事务所代理，必须由该所的一名成员签署。如原告自行诉讼，即未由律师代理，则必须由原告签署。\n\nUNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT（美国破产法院）DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT（康涅狄格州联邦地区）BRIDGEPORT DIVISION（布里奇波特分庭）\n\n----------------------------------------------------------- x\n\n关于： ：\n：\n第11章\n\nHO WAN KWOK（郭文贵），\n等人， ：\n：\nCase No. 22-50073 (JAM)\n债务人。 ：\n：\n（合并管理）\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯潘斯），第11章\n受托人，\n原告，\n诉\nAMAZON WEB SERVICES, INC.（亚马逊网络服务公司）\n被告。 x\n\n对抗程序编号 [ ]\n\nFebruary 9, 2024\n\n----------------------------------------------------------- x\n\n第11章受托人依据《破产法典》第544、548、549及550条以及纽约《债务人与债权人法》第273、274及276条，寻求撤销并追回欺诈性转让和申请提交后转让及相关救济的起诉状\n\nLuc A. Despins，以在 Ho Wan Kwok（以下简称“债务人”或“Kwok”）的第11章案件（以下简称“第11章案件”）中获任命的第11章受托人（以下简称“受托人”）身份，对被告 Amazon Web Services, Inc.（以下简称“被告”）提起本对抗程序起诉状（以下简称“起诉状”），陈述如下：\n\n1 本第11章案件中的债务人为 Ho Wan Kwok（亦称 Guo Wengui、Miles Guo 和 Miles Kwok，以及众多其他别名）（税务识别号后四位数：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（吉尼弗控股有限责任公司）（税务识别号后四位数：8202）及 Genever Holdings Corporation（吉尼弗控股公司）。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC 和 Genever Holdings Corporation 的邮寄地址为 Paul Hastings LLP（保罗·哈斯廷斯律师事务所），200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，收件人为 Luc A. Despins，作为 Ho Wan Kwok 遗产的受托人（仅限用于通知和通信）。\n\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人提起本对抗程序，以撤销并追回：(a) 本第11章案件开始前对债务人财产作出的转让；以及 (b) 本第11章案件开始后对债务人第11章破产财团财产作出的、未经破产法院或《美国法典》第11编授权的转让（以下简称“《破产法典》”）。\n\n2. 债务人通过其作为另一自我的空壳公司 Lexington Property and Staffing, Inc.（列克星敦物业与人事服务公司，以下简称“Lexington”）、HCHK Technologies, Inc.（HCHK科技公司，以下简称“HCHK Technologies”）、Leading Shine NY Ltd.（纽约领耀有限公司，以下简称“Leading Shine”）及 G Fashion Media Group, Inc.（G时尚媒体集团公司，以下简称“G Fashion”），在申请提交日之前（定义见下文）向作为初始受让人的被告转让了金额为 $8,569,589.83 的资金。\n\n3. 该等转让构成实际欺诈性转让，因为债务人将其作为其“空壳游戏”的一部分予以实施，并且作出该等转让的意图是阻碍、拖延及/或欺诈债务人的债权人。\n\n4. 在申请提交日后，债务人通过其作为另一自我的空壳公司 Lexington 和 HCHK Technologies，向作为初始受让人的被告转让了合计金额为 $1,070,642.44 的资金。\n\n5. 因为该等对破产财团财产的申请提交后转让未经法院或《破产法典》授权，故其可根据《破产法典》第549和550条予以撤销并追回。\n\n管辖权与审判地\n\n6. 本院依据 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b) 对本对抗程序具有事项管辖权。\n\n7. 本对抗程序已依据 28 U.S.C. § 157(a) 移交本院审理。\n\n8. 本案所请求救济的法定依据包括《破产法典》第544、547、548、549及550条以及纽约《债务人与债权人法》第273、274及276条2，或任何其他适用的州法同等规定。\n\n当事人\n\n9. 受托人系根据破产法院于 July 8, 2022 作出的命令，在第11章案件中担任第11章受托人[Case No. 22-50073（以下简称“主案”）Docket No. 523]。\n\n10. 被告是一家特拉华州公司，其地址为 410 Terry Avenue North, Seattle, Washington 98109。\n\n2 此后对纽约《债务人与债权人法》的所有法条引用均称为“N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law”。《纽约统一可撤销交易法》（“NYUVT”）取代了《纽约统一欺诈性转让法》（“NYUFC”），于 April 4, 2020 生效，并适用于在 April 4, 2020 当日或之后作出的转让或承担的义务。对于 April 4, 2020 之前的转让，受托人在本诉讼中依据 NYUFC 及 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law 第273、273a、275、276及278条寻求救济。\n\n事实\n\nA. 第11章案件\n\n11. 债务人于 February 15, 2022 在 United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut（康涅狄格州联邦地区美国破产法院，以下简称“破产法院”）提交了根据《破产法典》第11章寻求救济的自愿申请（以下简称“申请提交日”），从而启动了第11章案件。\n\n12. 于 March 21, 2022，Office of the United States Trustee（美国受托人办公室）在本第11章案件中任命了一个无担保债权人官方委员会。尚未任命审查员。\n\n13. 债务人于 March 2022 向破产法院提交的破产申报表声称，其拥有 $3,850 的资产，并负有数亿美元的债务。3 债务人确实负债累累，但其申报表未披露债务人通过其众多作为另一自我的空壳公司 Lexington、HCHK Technologies、Leading Shine 及 G Fashion 持有及/或转让的财产。\n\n14. 于 June 15, 2022，法院作出决定备忘录及命令[主案 Docket No. 465]，指示美国受托人在第11章案件中任命一名第11章受托人。根据该命令，美国受托人选定 Luc A. Despins 为受托人。于 July 8, 2022，法院作出命令，批准任命 Luc A. Despins 为第11章案件的受托人[主案 Docket No. 523]。\n\nB. 债务人对空壳公司的使用及受托人的对抗程序\n\n15. Lexington、HCHK Technologies、Leading Shine 及 G Fashion 是债务人为阻碍、拖延及/或欺诈其债权人而使用的众多作为另一自我的空壳公司中的一部分。4 多年来，债务人策划了一场“空壳游戏”，利用由家庭成员、亲信及/或下属名义持有、但实际上由债务人控制的复杂空壳公司网络。该空壳游戏使债务人能够使用、支出及/或转让数百万美元的现金及其他资产，同时向债权人隐瞒其财产。\n\n16. 自其获任以来，受托人已在第11章案件中提起多项对抗程序，以期实现包括确认债务人的空壳公司系其另一自我和/或该等公司及其资产在衡平法上归债务人所有在内的目的；破产法院已在若干对抗程序中准予该等救济。5\n\n17. 这些诉讼中的事实模式一贯包括：(i) 由债务人控制、由近亲属和/或下属持有的空壳公司，(ii) 以来自其他由债务人控制的实体的现金购置和/或无对价转让给或在空壳实体之间转让的资产，以及 (iii) 债务人从该等资产中受益并对其拥有控制权和支配权。\n\n受托人已对或即将对 G Fashion（G时尚）提起对抗程序，该对抗程序寻求的救济包括确认 G Fashion 系债务人的另一自我的宣告性判决。受托人通过援引方式将其在该对抗程序中提交的起诉状并入本文。\n\n4 在对抗程序 Despins v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et. al（Adv. Proc. No. 23-5013（“HCHK Entities A.P.”），Docket No. 139）中，已对 Lexington（莱克星顿）、HCHK Technologies（HCHK科技）及 HCHK Property（HCHK房地产）作出缺席裁定；该对抗程序寻求的救济包括确认 Lexington、HKHK Technologies（HKHK科技）及 HCHK Property 系债务人的另一自我的宣告性判决。受托人通过援引方式将其在 HCHK Entities A.P. 中提交的起诉状并入本文（Adv. Proc. No. 23-5013, Docket No. 1）。\n\n在对抗程序 Despins v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.（Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023（“Lamp Capital A.P.”），Docket No. 13）中，已对 Leading Shine（领尚）作出缺席裁定；该对抗程序寻求的救济包括确认 Leading Shine 系债务人的另一自我的宣告性判决。受托人通过援引方式将其在 Lamp Capital A.P. 中提交的起诉状并入本文（Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023, Docket No. 1）。\n\n5 这些对抗程序包括如下：(i) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人诉 HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC（香港国际基金投资〈美国〉有限公司，有限责任公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Greenwich Land LLC（格林尼治土地有限责任公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Mei Guo（梅国）案 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 HCHK Technologies, Inc. 等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Taurus Fund LLC（金牛基金有限责任公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Golden Spring (New York) Limited（黄金泉〈纽约〉有限公司）案 [Adv. Proc. 23-05018]；以及 (vii) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Lamp Capital LLC（蓝普资本有限责任公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. 23-05023]。\n\nC. 债务人为阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债权人而实施的行为\n\n18. 除受托人对抗程序中处理的事项外，破产法院还认定，债务人系 Ace Decade Limited（艾斯十年有限公司）（并通过该公司，Dawn State Limited（黎明州有限公司））的受益所有人，且债务人控制并利用了 Ace Decade Limited 的名义股东 Yvette Wang（王悦）。6\n\n19. 破产法院还认定，“G Entities”（G实体）（Gettr、G Fashion、G Music（G音乐）、GClubs（G俱乐部）、GNews（G新闻）和 GEdu（G教育））、New Federal State of China（新中国联邦）及 Rule of Law Foundation（法治基金会），以及其他表面上独立的实体和组织，均由债务人控制7、由债务人领导8，和/或“服务于……债务人的目的并作为其商业工具”。9\n\n20. 在申请日之前，United States District Court for the Southern District of New York（美国纽约南区联邦地区法院）的 Liman 法官认定，Eastern Profit Corporation Limited（东方利润有限公司）——一家最初由债务人的一名厨师所有、后转让给债务人女儿的实体——“实质上是一家”债务人的“空壳公司”。10\n\n6 准许认定债务人藐视公司治理命令之动议的裁定，第¶¶ 1, 4段（Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372（“Corp. Governance Contempt Order”）。\n\n7 经更正的部分准许初步禁令动议的决定备忘录，第¶ 3段（Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032, January 13, 2023（“债务人还控制 Saraca Media Group（萨拉卡媒体集团）及关联实体‘GTV’”）。\n\n8 同上，第¶ 7段（“债务人系 The Whistleblower Movement（爆料革命）、NFSC、ROLF 和 Himalaya（喜马拉雅）的领导人。”）。\n\n9 同上。（“The Whistleblower Movement、NFSC、ROLF、GSeries 和 Himalaya 服务于债务人的目的，作为债务人的商业工具，其成员在个人上忠于债务人。”）。\n\n10 Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n21. 债务人不遗余力地阻碍和拖延其最大债权人之一，即 Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P.（太平洋联盟亚洲机会基金，L.P.）（“PAX”）的追偿工作。2017年，PAX 在 Supreme Court of the State of New York（纽约州最高法院）（“New York Court”）对债务人提起诉讼，Index No. 652077/2017（“PAX Case”），请求就所欠款项作出判决。2021年2月3日，PAX 从纽约州法院获得针对债务人的 \\$116,402,019.57 判决（“PAX Judgment”）。PAX 试图通过扣押债务人的资产来执行 PAX 判决——包括 Lady May（“梅女士”号），债务人虚假声称该游艇由其女儿所有；以及债务人在曼哈顿的豪华公寓，债务人虚假声称该公寓为其儿子以信托方式持有。债务人在判决后程序中违抗纽约州法院命令，最终导致其被处以 \\$134 million 的藐视法庭罚金。\n\n22. 债务人还将其另一自我，包括 Lexington、HCHK Technologies、Leading Shine 和 G Fashion，用作私人提款机，在向债权人隐瞒存放于这些另一自我中的资产、并阻碍和拖延债权人就其债权获得追偿的同时，为其本人及家人已习以为常的奢华生活方式提供资金。债务人通过这些另一自我实施的转让，实施了债务人的欺诈计划。\n\n23. 债务人已在破产法院作证称，其资产不足以清偿其负债，且其奢华生活方式由其家人通过名义上由家庭成员持有的企业提供资金。11 债务人仅在清单中列示 \\$3,850 的资产。12\n\n11 关于债务人请求作出临时及最终 DIP 命令的动议的听证会，该命令：(I) 授权债务人获得无担保、次级的申请后融资；(II) 安排临时及最终听证会；以及 (III) 准予相关救济（Main Case, April 27, 2022）\n\n12 见注3\n\n24. 2023年3月，债务人被捕，并在联邦刑事指控审判前一直被羁押；该等指控包括电信欺诈、证券欺诈及洗钱等。\n\n25. 美国政府在针对债务人的刑事起诉书中主张，债务人及其共同被告“利用以至少80个不同实体或个人名义持有的超过约500个账户，对超过 \\$1 billion 的欺诈所得进行洗钱。”13\n\n26. 债务人的另一自我 Lexington、HCHK Technologies、Leading Shine 和 G Fashion 的财产，在申请日之前始终均为债务人的财产。\n\n27. 在与本文有关的所有期间，债务人在 New York, New York 开展业务，包括指示实施本起诉状所涉的申请前转让。\n\nD. 债务人的空壳游戏和欺诈在申请后仍在继续\n\n28. 截至申请日，债务人通过其另一自我持有的全部财产，包括 Lexington、HCHK Technologies、Leading Shine 和 G Fashion，均成为第11章破产财产。见 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1)。\n\n29. 申请日之后，债务人公然无视破产法院及其在 Bankruptcy Code（破产法）项下的义务，继续通过众多另一自我空壳公司实施转让，包括但不限于 Lexington 和 HCHK Technologies。\n\n13 见 United States of America 关于反对被告 Yanping Wang（王燕平）审前释放动议的法律备忘录，第29页；该备忘录作为附件B附于第11章受托人就 G Club Operations LLC（G俱乐部运营有限责任公司）对受托人强制履行动议及相关救济请求之补充异议所作答复（June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934）。\n\n30. 该等申请后转让均未经破产法院授权，亦未获 Bankruptcy Code 授权。\n\nE. 为阻碍、拖延或欺诈债权人而作出的转让\n\n31. 本起诉状所涉转让系出于阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人债权人的意图而作出，因为该等转让均通过债务人作为其空壳游戏一部分运营的另一自我空壳公司作出。\n\n32. 债务人故意以此方式安排其财务事务，以便隐瞒并耗散数百万美元资产，同时向其众多债权人虚假地声称其一贫如洗。债务人声称自己身无分文，却同时大量花费，以维持其本人、其家人及密切关联人的亿万富翁生活方式。\n\n33. 债务人隐瞒并耗散的资产包括其从其加密货币、证券及其他欺诈计划受害人处取得的资金。由于该等行为，债务人在 United States District Court for the Southern District of New York 正在审理的一宗刑事案件中，面临多项重罪欺诈、洗钱及敲诈勒索指控。见 United States v. Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.)。\n\n34. 债务人知道并意图通过以此方式隐瞒和耗散其资产，使剩余资产不足以偿还其债权人——包括其诸多欺诈行为的受害人。因此，该等转让必然是出于阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人债权人的意图而作出。\n\nF. 向被告作出的转让\n\n35. 申请日之前，债务人使用其另一自我空壳公司 Lexington、HCHK Technologies、Leading Shine 和 G Fashion，或以其他方式，向被告转让债务人的财产（合称“申请前转让”），包括但不限于如下：\n\n见随附并构成本文一部分的附表A。\n\n36. 申请日之后，债务人通过其空壳公司 Lexington、HCHK Technologies、Leading Shine 和 G Fashion，或以其他方式，向被告转让破产财产（合称“申请后转让”），包括但不限于如下：\n\n见随附并构成本文一部分的附表B。\n\n37. 在申请前转让和申请后转让（合称“转让”）时，债务人对债务人破产财产的债权人负有未清偿义务。\n\n38. 被告是该等转让的初始受让人。\n\n第一项请求\n（根据 Bankruptcy Code 第548(a)(1)(A)条及第550(a)条请求撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让）\n\n39. 受托人重述并再次主张第1至38段所载指控，如同已在本文中完整载明。\n\n40. 申请前转让由债务人通过其另一自我 Lexington、HCHK Technologies、Leading Shine 和 G Fashion 作出，其实际意图是阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人。\n\n41. 债务人在实施申请前转让时阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，可由下列事实证明：\n\na. 申请前转让是利用另一自我空壳公司实施的；\n\nb. 申请前转让向债务人的债权人隐瞒；\n\nc. 申请前转让是在债务人家人及其所控制的其他亲信和下属协助下，作为债务人的“空壳游戏”的一部分实施，意图隐瞒并遮蔽资产；\n\nd. 破产前转让使债务人能够从其欺诈行为中获益，而无需使其财产受到债权人追索，从而推进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 破产前转让使债务人能够从其欺诈行为中获利，而无需使其财产受到债权人追索，从而推进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在破产前转让发生时，债务人正受到诉讼，包括PAX（PAX）在PAX案中提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在破产前转让发生时，债务人已无力偿债或资本不足。\n\n42. 根据《破产法》section 548(a)(i)(A)，受托人可以撤销破产前转让；根据《破产法》section 550(a)，可以追回该等转让。\n\n第二项诉请\n（依据N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273、274和276，以及《破产法》sections 544(b)和550(a)，请求撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让）\n\n43. 受托人重申并再次主张第1至38段所载的指控，如同在此全文列明。\n\n44. 债务人通过其另我实体Lexington（列克星敦）、HCHK Technologies（HCHK科技）、Leading Shine（Leading Shine）和G Fashion（G Fashion），以实际意图阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人，而作出破产前转让。\n\n45. 债务人在实施破产前转让时意图阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人，可由包括以下事项在内的事实证明：\n\na. 破产前转让系通过一家作为另我实体的空壳公司实施；\n\nb. 破产前转让对债务人的债权人予以隐瞒；\n\nc. 破产前转让系债务人“空壳游戏”的一部分，并在债务人的家庭成员及其控制的其他副手和下属的协助下实施，意图隐匿和保护资产；\n\nd. 破产前转让使债务人能够从其欺诈行为中获益，而无需使其财产受到债权人追索，从而推进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 破产前转让使债务人能够从其欺诈行为中获利，而无需使其财产受到债权人追索，从而推进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在破产前转让发生时，债务人正受到诉讼，包括PAX在PAX案中提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在破产前转让发生时，债务人已无力偿债或资本不足。\n\n46. 根据N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1)、274和276，以及《破产法》section 544(b)，受托人可以撤销破产前转让；根据《破产法》section 550(a)，可以追回该等转让。\n\n第三项诉请\n（依据《破产法》sections 549和550(a)，请求撤销并追回未经授权的破产申请后转让）\n\n47. 受托人重申并再次主张第1至38段所载的指控，如同在此全文列明。\n\n48. 债务人向被告作出了破产申请后转让，包括通过其作为另我实体的空壳公司Lexington和HCHK Technologies作出的转让。\n\n49. 破产申请后转让发生于申请日之后。\n\n50. 破产申请后转让未经破产法院或《破产法》授权。\n\n51. 破产申请后转让构成未经授权转让债务人第11章破产财产的行为。\n\n52. 根据《破产法》section 549(a)，可以撤销破产申请后转让。\n\n53. 根据《破产法》section 550(a)，受托人有权向被告追回破产申请后转让，或其价值，并取得截至付款日的利息及本案费用。\n\n[本页其余部分特意留白。]\n\n救济请求\n\n因此，基于前述理由，受托人谨请求法院作出如下判决：\n\n1. 就第一项诉请，(a) 作出命令，宣告根据《破产法》section 548(a)(1)(A)，撤销金额不少于$8,569,589.83的破产前转让；(b) 作出命令，指示撤销该等破产前转让；以及(c) 根据《破产法》section 550(a)(1)，为债务人破产财产之利益，向被告追回破产前转让，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n2. 就第二项诉请，(a) 作出命令，宣告根据《破产法》section 544(b)及N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2)、274和276，撤销金额不少于$8,569,589.83的破产前转让；(b) 作出命令，指示撤销该等破产前转让；以及(c) 根据N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law section 276及《破产法》section 550(a)(1)，为债务人破产财产之利益，向被告追回破产前转让，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n3. 就第三项诉请，作出命令，(a) 宣告根据《破产法》section 549，撤销金额不少于$1,070,642.44的破产申请后转让；以及(b) 作出命令，指示撤销该等破产申请后转让；以及(c) 根据《破产法》section 550(a)(1)，为债务人破产财产之利益，向被告追回破产申请后转让，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n4. 自本起诉状提交之日起至本案判决之日止，按最高法定利率向受托人判给判决前利息；以及\n\n5. 法院在此情况下认为公正、适当或衡平的其他及进一步救济。\n\n日期：February 9, 2024 New Haven, CT LUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯）第11章受托人\n\n签署人：/s/ Patrick R. Linsey\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡）(ct00616)\nPatrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）(ct29437)\nNEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.（NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH律师事务所）\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor\nNew Haven, Connecticut 06510\n(203) 781-2847\ndskalka@npmlaw.com\nplinsey@npmlaw.com\n第11章受托人代理律师\n\n附表A\n密封提交\n\n附表B\n\n密封提交","key_entities":["HCHK","Despins","Je","Kwok","Ho Wan Kwok","Guo","Himalaya","Miles Guo","Yanping Wang","GTV","Saraca","GETTR","Paul Hastings","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[{"doc_number":215,"court":"CTB"}],"word_count":4704,"status":"published","published_at":null,"created_at":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-23 19:38:27"}