{"id":"court_ctb_2602_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":2602,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":null,"title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | |\n|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS | DEFENDANTS | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.) | ATTORNEYS
(If Known) | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only)
□ Debtor
□ U.S.
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin
□ Creditor
□ Other
□ Trustee | PARTY (Check One Box Only)
□ Debtor
□ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin
□ Creditor
□ Other
□ Trustee | | |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION
(WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED)
NATURE OF SUIT | | | |\n| (Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property
□
11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property
□
12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference
□
13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
□
14-Recovery of money/property - other
FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
□
21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued)
□
61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support
□
68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury
□
63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan
□
64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation
(other than domestic support)
□
65-Dischargeability - other | | |\n| FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property
□
31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h) | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief
□
71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay
□
72-Injunctive relief – other | | |\n| FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge
□
41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e) | FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest
□
81-Subordination of claim or interest | | |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation
□
51-Revocation of confirmation | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment
□
91-Declaratory judgment | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability
□
66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims
□
62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation,
actual fraud
□
67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny
(continued next column) | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action
□
01-Determination of removed claim or cause
Other
□
SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.
□
02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court
if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | |\n| □ Check if this case involves a substantive issue of state law | □ Check if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23 | | |\n| □ Check if a jury trial is demanded in complaint | Demand \\$ | | |\n| Other Relief Sought | | | |\n\n#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------|-----------------------------|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR | | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO. | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFF | DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY
PROCEEDING NO. | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | |\n| DATE | | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n# **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | | x | |\n|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------|-----------------------------|--|\n| In re: | :
: | Chapter 11 | |\n| 1
HO WAN KWOK,
et al., | :
: | Case No. 22-50073 (JAM) | |\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | :
Debtors.
:
: | (Jointly Administered)
x | |\n| :
LUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11
:
TRUSTEE,
:
:
Plaintiff,
:
v.
: | | Adv. Proceeding No. [ ] | |\n| | :
: | February 9, 2024 | |\n| OGIER, | :
: | | |\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | :
Defendant.
: | x | |\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF POSTPETITION TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 549 AND 550**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the chapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this adversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant Ogier (the \"Defendant\"), stating as follows:\n\n1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\n### **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding to avoid and recover transfers of property of the Debtor's estate perpetrated by the Debtor after the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case and not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or under Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\").\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter-ego shell company, G Club Operations LLC (\"G Club\"), transferred funds in the amount of \\$350,000.00 after the Petition Date (as defined herein) to the Defendant as initial transferee.\n\n3. Because these postpetition transfers of estate property were not authorized by the Court or under the Bankruptcy Code, they are subject to avoidance and recovery under sections 549 and 550 of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b).\n\n5. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(a).\n\n6. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include 11 U.S.C. §§ 549 and 550.\n\n### **THE PARTIES**\n\n7. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n8. The Defendant is a general partnership organized in the British Virgin Islands organized in the British Virgin Islands with an address at Ritter House, Wickhams Cay II, PO Box 3170, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands, VG1110.\n\n## **FACTS**\n\n## **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n9. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the Bankruptcy Code on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Court\" or \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the above-captioned chapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\").\n\n10. On March 21, 2022, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n11. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities.2 While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and/or transferred through his many alter-ego shell companies, including G Club.\n\n12. On June 15, 2022, the Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the Trustee. On July 8, 2022, the Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n2 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 (Main Case, Docket No. 78).\n\n## **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n13. G Club is one of the numerous alter-ego shell companies used by the Debtor to defraud his creditors.3 For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members and subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use, spend, and transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets while concealing his property from creditors.\n\n14. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell companies were his alter-egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief.4\n\n15. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from other Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n16. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including G Club, as personal piggy-banks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries\n\n3 The Trustee has or will imminently commence an adversary proceeding against G Club Operations LLC, which adversary proceeding seeks, among other things, a declaratory judgment that G Club Operations LLC was the alter ego of the Debtor. The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in such adversary proceeding.\n\n4 These include the following adversary proceedings: (i) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]; (vi) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited [Adv. Proc. 23- 05018]; and (vii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. 23-05023].\n\non their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos perpetuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme. The property of these alter egos, including G Club, was at all times property of the Debtor.\n\n### **C. Debtor's Shell Game and Fraud Continues Postpetition**\n\n17. As of the Petition Date, all of the Debtor's property held through his alter egos, including G Club, became property of the chapter 11 estate. *See* 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1).\n\n18. Following the Petition Date, the Debtor, with blatant disregard for the Bankruptcy Court and his obligations under the Bankruptcy Code, continued to effectuate transfers through numerous alter-ego shell companies, including, without limitation, G Club.\n\n19. None of these postpetition transfers were authorized by the Bankruptcy Court nor were such transfers authorized under the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n## **D. Transfers to the Defendant**\n\n20. Subsequent to the Petition Date, the Debtor, through shell companies including G Club, or otherwise, transferred property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate to the Defendant (collectively, the \"Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n21. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of the Debtor's estate.\n\n22. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfers.\n\n## **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Unauthorized Postpetition Transfers pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 549 and 550(a))**\n\n23. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-22 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n24. The Transfers were made to the Defendant by the Debtor, including through his alter-ego shell company, G Club.\n\n25. The Transfers occurred after the Petition Date.\n\n26. The Transfers were not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or by the Bankruptcy\n\nCode.\n\n27. The Transfers constituted the unauthorized transfer of property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate.\n\n28. The Transfers are avoidable pursuant to section 549(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n29. Pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code, the Trustee is entitled to recover\n\nthe Transfers, or the value thereof, from the Defendant plus interest thereon to the date of payment and the costs of this action.\n\n*[THE REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK.]*\n\n### **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. An order (a) declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$350,000.00 are avoided pursuant to section 549 of the Bankruptcy Code; and (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n3. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n[*Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank*]\n\nDated: February 9, 2024 New Haven, CT LUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: /s/ *Patrick R. Linsey\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_* Douglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 dskalka@npmlaw.com plinsey@npmlaw.com *Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\n# **SCHEDULE A**\n\n# **FILED UNDER SEAL**","body_zh":"B1040（表格1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗程序封面页\n（背面载有说明） 对抗程序编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n原告 被告\n律师（律所名称、地址及电话号码） 律师\n（如已知）\n当事人（仅勾选一项）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国\n受托人/破产管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他\n□ 受托人 当事人（仅勾选一项）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国受托人/破产\n管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他\n□ 受托人\n诉因\n（简要陈述诉因，包括所涉全部美国法条）\n诉讼性质\n（最多编号五（5）项，主诉因编号为1，第一备选诉因编号为2，第二备选诉因编号为3，依此类推。）\nFRBP 7001(1) – 追索金钱/财产\n□\n11-追索金钱/财产 - §542 财产交还\n□\n12-追索金钱/财产 - §547 偏颇性清偿\n□\n13-追索金钱/财产 - §548 欺诈性转让\n□\n14-追索金钱/财产 - 其他\nFRBP 7001(2) – 留置权的有效性、优先权或范围\n□\n21-留置权或其他财产权益的有效性、优先权或范围 FRBP 7001(6) – 可免责性（续）\n□\n61-可免责性 - §523(a)(5)，家庭扶养义务\n□\n68-可免责性 - §523(a)(6)，故意及恶意损害\n□\n63-可免责性 - §523(a)(8)，学生贷款\n□\n64-可免责性 - §523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\n（家庭扶养义务除外）\n□\n65-可免责性 - 其他\nFRBP 7001(3) – 批准出售财产\n□\n31-批准出售破产财产及共同所有人的财产 - §363(h) FRBP 7001(7) – 禁令救济\n□\n71-禁令救济 – 施加中止\n□\n72-禁令救济 – 其他\nFRBP 7001(4) – 对免责提出异议/撤销免责\n□\n41-对免责提出异议/撤销免责 - §727(c),(d),(e) FRBP 7001(8) 债权或权益的劣后\n□\n81-债权或权益的劣后\nFRBP 7001(5) – 撤销确认\n□\n51-撤销确认 FRBP 7001(9) 确认判决\n□\n91-确认判决\nFRBP 7001(6) – 可免责性\n□\n66-可免责性 - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税款债权\n□\n62-可免责性 - §523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述、\n实际欺诈\n□\n67-可免责性 - §523(a)(4)，受托人欺诈、侵占、盗窃\n（续见下一栏） FRBP 7001(10) 已移送诉讼的裁定\n□\n01-对已移送债权或诉因的裁定\n其他\n□\nSS-SIPA案件 – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\n□\n02-其他（例如，如与破产案件无关本应在州法院提起的其他诉讼）\n□ 如本案涉及州法实体问题，请勾选 □ 如主张本案为根据FRCP 23提起的集体诉讼，请勾选\n□ 如起诉状中要求陪审团审判，请勾选 请求金额 $\n请求的其他救济\nB1040（表格1040）（12/15）\n\n本对抗程序所涉破产案件\n\n债务人姓名 破产案件编号\n案件待决地区 分院 法官姓名\n相关对抗程序（如有）\n原告 被告 对抗\n程序编号\n对抗程序待决地区 分院 法官姓名\n律师（或原告）签名\n日期 律师（或原告）姓名正楷\n说明\n\n提交破产案件将在破产法院管辖范围内设立“破产财产”，其由债务人的全部财产构成，无论该等财产位于何处。由于破产财产范围极广且法院管辖权广泛，可能会就破产财产或其财产权利产生诉讼。也可能会有涉及债务人免责的诉讼。此类诉讼如在破产法院提起，称为对抗程序。\n\n提交对抗程序的一方还必须填写并提交表格1040，即《对抗程序封面页》，但该方通过法院的案件管理/电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）电子提交对抗程序的除外。（CM/ECF在提交过程中收集表格1040中的信息。）填写完毕后，该封面页概述对抗程序的基本信息。法院书记员需要该等信息以处理对抗程序并编制所需的法院活动统计报告。\n\n封面页及其所载信息并不替代或补充法律、《破产规则》或法院地方法规所要求提交和送达的诉状或其他文件。该封面页大体上不言自明，必须由原告律师填写（如原告未由律师代理，则由原告填写）。每份提交的起诉状均须向书记员另行提交一份封面页。\n\n原告和被告。请准确按起诉状中所列方式填写原告和被告姓名。\n\n律师。如已知，请填写律师姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。请在第一栏为原告勾选最适当的方框，并在第二栏为被告勾选最适当的方框。\n\n请求金额。填写起诉状中请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面页必须由登记在案的律师在表格第二页的方框内签署。如原告由律师事务所代理，该律所的一名成员必须签署。如原告自行诉讼，即未由律师代理，则原告必须签署。\n美国康涅狄格联邦地区破产法院布里奇波特分院\n\n----------------------------------------------------------- x\n\n关于： ：\n： 第11章\n\nHO WAN KWOK（郭文贵），\n等人， ：\n： 案件编号：22-50073 (JAM)\n\n债务人。\n：\n： （合并管理）\nx\n：\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章\n：\n受托人，\n：\n：\n原告，\n：\n诉\n： 对抗程序编号：[ ]\n\n： 2024年2月9日\nOGIER（欧杰）， ：\n\n被告。\n： x\n第11章受托人依据《破产法典》第549和550条寻求撤销及追索破产申请提交后转移以及相关救济的起诉状\n\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）以其作为Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（“债务人”或“Kwok”）第11章案件（“第11章案件”）中获任命的第11章受托人（“受托人”）的身份，针对被告Ogier（欧杰）（“被告”）提交本对抗程序起诉状（“起诉状”），陈述如下：\n\n1 本第11章案件中的债务人为Ho Wan Kwok（亦称Guo Wengui、Miles Guo及Miles Kwok，以及众多其他别名）（税务识别号码后四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（Genever控股有限责任公司）（税务识别号码后四位：8202）及Genever Holdings Corporation（Genever控股公司）。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC及Genever Holdings Corporation的邮寄地址为：Paul Hastings LLP（宝盛律师事务所），200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，转交Luc A. Despins，作为Ho Wan Kwok遗产的受托人（仅为通知及通信之目的）。\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人提起本对抗程序，以撤销并追索债务人在本第11章案件开始后实施、且未经破产法院或《美国法典》第11编（“破产法典”）授权的债务人破产财产转移。\n\n2. 债务人通过其替身空壳公司G Club Operations LLC（“G Club”），在申请日后（定义见下文）向作为初始受让人的被告转移了金额为$350,000.00的资金。\n\n3. 由于该等破产财产在破产申请提交后的转移未经法院或《破产法典》授权，该等转移可根据《破产法典》第549和550条予以撤销和追索。\n管辖权和审判地\n\n4. 本法院根据28 U.S.C. § 1334(b)对本对抗程序具有事项管辖权。\n\n5. 本对抗程序已根据28 U.S.C. § 157(a)移交本法院审理。\n\n6. 本案所请求救济的法定依据包括11 U.S.C. §§ 549和550。\n当事人\n\n7. 受托人系第11章案件中的第11章受托人，依据破产法院于2022年7月8日作出的命令[案件编号22-50073（“主案件”）案卷编号523]获任命。\n\n8. 被告是在英属维尔京群岛设立的普通合伙企业，在英属维尔京群岛设立，其地址为Ritter House, Wickhams Cay II, PO Box 3170, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands, VG1110。\n事实\nA. 第11章案件\n\n9. 债务人于2022年2月15日（“申请日”）向United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut（美国康涅狄格联邦地区破产法院）（“法院”或“破产法院”）自愿提交了根据《破产法典》《美国法典》第11编第11章寻求救济的申请，从而启动了上述标题所列第11章案件（“第11章案件”）。\n\n10. 2022年3月21日，Office of the United States Trustee（美国受托人办公室）在本第11章案件中任命了无担保债权人正式委员会。尚未任命审查员。\n\n11. 债务人于2022年3月向破产法院提交的破产清单称，其拥有$3,850的资产，并负有数亿美元债务。2 尽管债务人确实负债累累，但其清单未披露债务人通过其众多替身空壳公司（包括G Club）持有和/或转移的财产。\n\n12. 2022年6月15日，法院作出决定备忘录和命令[主案件案卷编号465]，指示美国受托人在第11章案件中任命一名第11章受托人。根据该命令，美国受托人选定Luc A. Despins担任受托人。2022年7月8日，法院作出命令，批准任命Luc A. Despins为第11章案件的受托人[主案件案卷编号523]。\n\n2 资产和负债清单，第1页（主案件，案卷编号78）。\nB. 债务人对空壳公司的使用及受托人的对抗程序\n\n13. G Club是债务人用于欺诈其债权人的众多替身空壳公司之一。3 多年来，债务人策划了一场“空壳游戏”，利用由家庭成员和下属名义持有、但实际上由债务人控制的复杂空壳公司网络。该空壳游戏使债务人能够使用、支出及转移数百万美元现金和其他资产，同时向债权人隐瞒其财产。\n\n14. 自获任命以来，受托人已在第11章案件中提起多项对抗程序，以实现包括确认债务人的空壳公司系其替身和/或该等公司及其资产在衡平法上归债务人所有在内的目的；在若干案件中，破产法院已经准予该等救济。4\n\n15. 该等诉讼中的事实模式一贯包括：(i) 由债务人控制、由近亲属和/或下属持有的空壳公司；(ii) 以来自其他债务人控制实体的现金购得和/或无偿向空壳实体转移及在空壳实体之间转移的资产；以及(iii) 债务人从该等资产中受益，并对该等资产享有控制权和支配权。\n\n16. 债务人还将包括G Club在内的其替身实体作为个人小金库，用以资助其本人及其家人已习以为常的奢华生活方式，同时在该等替身实体中向其债权人隐瞒资产，并妨碍和拖延债权人获得追索。\n\n3 受托人已经或即将对G Club Operations LLC提起对抗程序；该对抗程序除其他事项外，请求作出确认判决，确认G Club Operations LLC为债务人的替身。受托人通过引用方式将其在该对抗程序中提交的起诉状并入本文。\n\n4 其中包括以下对抗诉讼：(i) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人，诉 HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC（HK International Funds Investments（USA）有限责任公司）等 [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人，诉 Greenwich Land LLC（格林威治土地有限责任公司）等 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人，诉 Mei Guo（梅国）[Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人，诉 HCHK Technologies, Inc.（HCHK科技公司）等 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人，诉 Taurus Fund LLC（Taurus基金有限责任公司）等 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人，诉 Golden Spring (New York) Limited（Golden Spring（纽约）有限公司）[Adv. Proc. 23-05018]；以及 (vii) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人，诉 Lamp Capital LLC（Lamp资本有限责任公司）等 [Adv. Proc. 23-05023]。\n\n就其债权而言。债务人通过这些另我实体实施的转移延续了债务人的欺诈计划。这些另我实体的财产，包括 G Club（G俱乐部），在任何时候均为债务人的财产。\n\nC. 债务人的空壳公司戏法及欺诈行为在申请破产后继续\n\n17. 截至申请日，债务人通过其另我实体持有的全部财产，包括 G Club，均成为第11章破产财产的一部分。见 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1)。\n\n18. 在申请日之后，债务人公然无视破产法院及其根据《破产法典》承担的义务，继续通过众多作为另我实体的空壳公司实施转移，包括但不限于 G Club。\n\n19. 这些申请破产后的转移均未获破产法院授权，亦未根据《破产法典》获得授权。\n\nD. 向被告的转移\n\n20. 在申请日之后，债务人通过包括 G Club 在内的空壳公司或以其他方式，向被告转移了债务人第11章破产财产的财产（统称“转移”），包括但不限于如下转移：\n\n见随附并构成本文件一部分的附表 A。\n\n21. 在转移发生时，债务人对债务人破产财产的债权人负有未清偿义务。\n\n22. 被告为该等转移的初始受让人。\n\n第一项请求\n\n（根据《破产法典》第 549 条和第 550(a) 条请求撤销并追回未经授权的申请破产后转移）\n\n23. 受托人重申并再次主张第 1 至 22 段所载的指称，如同在此全文载明。\n\n24. 转移由债务人向被告作出，包括通过其作为另我实体的空壳公司 G Club 作出。\n\n25. 转移发生于申请日之后。\n\n26. 转移未经破产法院或《破产法典》授权。\n\n27. 转移构成对债务人第11章破产财产的财产进行的未经授权的转移。\n\n28. 该等转移可根据《破产法典》第 549(a) 条予以撤销。\n\n29. 根据《破产法典》第 550(a) 条，受托人有权向被告追回该等转移或其价值，并获得截至付款之日的利息及本案费用。\n\n[本页其余部分特意留白。]\n\n救济请求\n\n因此，基于上述理由，受托人谨请求作出如下判决：\n\n1. 作出命令：(a) 宣告金额不少于 \\$350,000.00 的转移根据《破产法典》第 549 条予以撤销；以及 (b) 命令撤销该等转移；以及 (c) 根据《破产法典》第 550(a)(1) 条，为债务人破产财产之利益，向被告追回该等转移，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n2. 自提交本起诉状之日起至本案判决作出之日止，按最高法定利率向受托人判给判决前利息；以及\n\n3. 法院认为在此情形下公正、适当或衡平的其他及进一步救济。\n\n[本页其余部分特意留白]\n\n日期：February 9, 2024\nNew Haven, CT\nLUC A. DESPINS\n第11章受托人\n\n签署人：/s/ Patrick R. Linsey\nDouglas S. Skalka（ct00616）\nPatrick R. Linsey（ct29437）\nNEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.（NEUBERT、PEPE & MONTEITH 律师事务所）\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor\nNew Haven, Connecticut 06510\n(203) 781-2847\ndskalka@npmlaw.com\nplinsey@npmlaw.com\n第11章受托人代理律师\n\n附表 A\n\n密封提交\n\n英语","key_entities":["Despins","Kwok","Ho Wan Kwok","Je","Guo","Miles Guo","HCHK","Paul Hastings","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[],"word_count":2592,"status":"published","published_at":null,"created_at":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-23 18:23:03"}