{"id":"court_ctb_2625_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":2625,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":null,"title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse) | | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | | |\n|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS | | DEFENDANTS | | | |\n| Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee | Vision Knight Capital (China) Fund | | | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.) | ATTORNEYS
(If Known) | | | | |\n| Douglas S. Skalka, Patrick R. Linsey
Neubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.
195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510
(203)781-2847 | | | | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only) | | PARTY (Check One Box Only) | | | |\n| □ Debtor
□ U.S.
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin | □ Debtor | □ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin | | | |\n| □ Creditor
□ Other | □ Creditor | □ Other | | | |\n| □ Trustee | □ Trustee | | | | |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION | | (WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED) | | | |\n| Complaint of Chapter 11 Trustee seeking avoidance and recovery of fraudulent transfers, preferential transfers, and
postpetition transfers and related relief pursuant to Bankruptcy Code Sections 544,548, and
550 and New York Debtor and Creditor Law Sections 273, 274, and 276 | | | | | |\n| NATURE OF SUIT | | | | | |\n| (Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property | | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued) | | | |\n| □
11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property | □
61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support | | | | |\n| □
12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference
□ | □
68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury
□ | | | | |\n| 13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
□
14-Recovery of money/property - other | 63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan
□
64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation | | | | |\n| | (other than domestic support) | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
□
21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property | □
65-Dischargeability - other | | | | |\n| | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property
□ | □
71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay | | | | |\n| 31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h) | □ | 72-Injunctive relief – other | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge | FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest | | | | |\n| □
41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e) | □ | 81-Subordination of claim or interest | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation | | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment | | | |\n| □
51-Revocation of confirmation | □ | 91-Declaratory judgment | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability | | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action | | | |\n| □
66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims | □
01-Determination of removed claim or cause | | | | |\n| □
62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation, | | | | | |\n| actual fraud
□
67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny | Other
□
SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq. | | | | |\n| | □ | 02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court | | | |\n| (continued next column) | | if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | | |\n| □ Check if this case involves a substantive issue of state law | | □ Check if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23 | | | |\n| □ Check if a jury trial is demanded in complaint | Demand \\$ | | | | |\n| Other Relief Sought | | | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n\n**B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------|------------------|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR | | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO. | | |\n| Ho Wan Kwok | | 22-50073 (JAM) | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| Connecticut | | Bridgeport | Julie A. Manning | |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFF | DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY | |\n| | | | PROCEEDING NO. | |\n| | | | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| | | | | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| | | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | |\n| DATE | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n# **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\nIn re:\n\nHO WAN KWOK, *et al*.,[1](#page-2-0)\n\nChapter 11\n\nCase No. 22-50073 (JAM)\n\nDebtors.\n\n(Jointly Administered)\n\nAdv. Proceeding No. [ ]\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\nLUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE,\n\nPlaintiff,\n\nv.\n\nFebruary 10, 2024\n\nVISION KNIGHT CAPITAL (CHINA) FUND,\n\nDefendant.\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF FRAUDULENT TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 544, 548 AND 550 AND NEW YORK DEBTOR & CREDITOR LAW SECTIONS 273, 274, AND 276**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the\n\nchapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this\n\n 1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\nadversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant Vision Knight Capital (China) Fund (the \"Defendant\"), stating as follows:\n\n### **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding to avoid and recover transfers of the Debtor's property prior to the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case.\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter ego shell company, Leading Shine NY Ltd. (\"Leading Shine\"), transferred funds in the amount of \\$128,246.00 after the Petition Date (as defined herein) to the Defendant as initial transferee.\n\n3. This transfer was actually fraudulent, because the Debtor effectuated it as part of his \"shell game,\" and it was made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n#### **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b).\n\n5. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(a).\n\n6. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include sections 544, 548 and 550 of Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\") and New York Debtor & Creditor Law sections 273, 274, and 276 [2](#page-3-0) or any other applicable state law equivalents.\n\n 2 All statutory references to New York Debtor and Creditor Law will hereinafter be referred to as \"N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law\". The New York Uniform Voidable Transactions Act (\"NYUVT\") replaced the New York Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act (\"NYUFC\") and became effective on April 4, 2020 and applies to transfers made or obligations incurred on or after April 4, 2020. With respect to transfers prior to April 4, 2020, the Trustee seeks relief in this action under the NYUFC and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 273a, 275, 276 and 278.\n\n#### **THE PARTIES**\n\n7. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n8. The Defendant has an address and place of business at 33rd Floor, Kerry Parkside Office, 1155 Fangdian Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201204, China.\n\n#### **FACTS**\n\n#### **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n9. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\") on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the above-captioned chapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\").\n\n10. On March 21, 2022, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n11. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities.[3](#page-4-0) While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and/or transferred through his many alter ego shell companies, including Leading Shine.\n\n12. On June 15, 2022, the Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the\n\n 3 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 [Main Case Docket No. 78].\n\nTrustee. On July 8, 2022, the Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n#### **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n13. Leading Shine is one of the numerous alter ego shell companies used by the Debtor to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors. [4](#page-5-0) For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members, lieutenants, and/or subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use and spend and/or transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets.\n\n14. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell companies were his alter egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several adversary proceedings the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief. [5](#page-5-1)\n\n15. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from\n\n 4 Default has entered against Leading Shine in the adversary proceeding *Despins v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023 (the \"Lamp Capital A.P.\"), Docket No. 13), which adversary proceeding seeks, among other things, a declaratory judgment that Leading Shine was the alter ego of the Debtor. The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the Lamp Capital A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23- 5023, Docket No. 1).\n\n5 These include the following adversary proceedings: (i) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23- 05017]; (vi) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited* [Adv. Proc. 23-05018]; and (vii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. 23-05023].\n\nother Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n#### **C. Debtor's Conduct to Hinder, Delay, and/or Defraud Creditors**\n\n16. In addition to the matters addressed in the Trustee's adversary proceedings, the Bankruptcy Court has found that the Debtor was the beneficial owner of Ace Decade Limited (and through it, Dawn State Limited) and that the Debtor controlled and employed Ace Decade Limited's nominee shareholder, Yvette Wang.[6](#page-6-0)\n\n17. The Bankruptcy Court has also found that the \"G Entities\" (Gettr, G Fashion, G Music, GClubs, GNews and GEdu), the New Federal State of China and the Rule of Law Foundation, as well as other purportedly independent entities and organizations, were controlled by the Debtor, [7](#page-6-1) led by the Debtor[8](#page-6-2) and/or served \"the purposes of… and as business vehicles of\" the Debtor.[9](#page-6-3)\n\n18. Prior to the Petition Date, Judge Liman of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York found that Eastern Profit Corporation Limited, an entity originally owned by one of the Debtor's chefs before its transfer to Debtor's daughter, was \"in essence, a shell corporation\" for the Debtor.[10](#page-6-4)\n\n 6 *Order Granting Motion to Hold Debtor in Contempt of Corporate Governance Order,* ¶¶ 1, 4 (Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372 (\"Corp. Governance Contempt Order\").\n\n7 *Corrected Memorandum of Decision Granting in Part Motion for Preliminary Injunction*, ¶ 3 (Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032, January 13, 2023 (\"The Debtor also controls Saraca Media Group and a related entity 'GTV'\").\n\n8 *Id*. at ¶ 7 (\"The Debtor is the leader of The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF and Himalaya.\").\n\n9 *Id*. (\"The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF, GSeries, and Himalaya serve the purposes of the Debtor, serve as business vehicles for the Debtor, and their members are personally loyal to the Debtor.\").\n\n10 *Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC*, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n19. The Debtor has gone to great lengths to hinder and delay the collection efforts of one of his largest creditors, *i.e.*, Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P. (\"PAX\"). In 2017, PAX sued the Debtor in the Supreme Court of the State of New York (the \"New York Court\"), Index No. 652077/2017 (the \"PAX Case\"), seeking judgment for monies owed. On February 3, 2021, PAX obtained a judgment from the New York Court against the Debtor in the sum of \\$116,402,019.57 (the \"PAX Judgment\"). PAX sought to enforce the PAX Judgment by levying the Debtor's assets—including the Lady May, which the Debtor falsely claimed was owned by his daughter, and the Debtor's luxury apartment in Manhattan, which the Debtor falsely claimed was held in trust for the Debtor's son. The Debtor's defiance of New York Court orders in postjudgment proceedings eventually resulted in the Debtor incurring contempt penalties of \\$134 million.\n\n20. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including Leading Shine, as personal piggybanks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries on their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos effectuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme.\n\n21. The Debtor has testified before the Bankruptcy Court that he has insufficient assets to pay his liabilities and that his luxurious lifestyle is funded by his family through businesses nominally held by family members.[11](#page-7-0) The Debtor scheduled only \\$3,850 in assets.[12](#page-7-1)\n\n 11 Hearing on Debtor's Motion for Entry of Interim and Final DIP Orders (I) Authorizing the Debtor to Obtain Unsecured, Subordinated Postpetition Financing and (II) Scheduling Interim and Final Hearings, and (III) Granting Related Relief (Main Case, April 27, 2022)\n\n12 *See* n.3\n\n22. In March 2023, the Debtor was arrested and remains confined pending his trial on federal criminal charges of, among other things, wire fraud, securities fraud, and money laundering.\n\n23. In its criminal indictment of the Debtor, the United States Government asserts that the Debtor and his co-defendants \"utilized more than approximately 500 accounts held in the names of *at least 80 different entities or individuals* to launder more than \\$1 billion in fraud proceeds.\"[13](#page-8-0)\n\n24. The property of the Debtor's alter egos, including Leading Shine, was at all times prior to the Petition Date property of the Debtor.\n\n25. At all times relevant herein, the Debtor conducted business in New York, New York, including direction of the Transfer (as defined herein).\n\n#### **D. Transfer Made with Intent to Hinder, Delay, or Defraud Creditors**\n\n26. The Transfer at issue in this Complaint was made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors inasmuch as it was made through the Debtor's alter ego shell company operated as a part of the Debtor's shell game.\n\n27. The Debtor intentionally orchestrated his financial affairs in this manner in order to conceal and dissipate millions of dollars in assets while falsely pleading poverty to his many creditors. The Debtor claimed to be destitute while simultaneously spending heavily to maintain a billionaire lifestyle for himself and for his family members and close associates.\n\n 13 *See* Memorandum of Law of the United States of America in Opposition to Defendant Yanping Wang's Motion for Pretrial Release at 29, attached as Exhibit B in the Reply of Chapter 11 Trustee to G Club Operations LLC's Supplemental Objection to Trustee's Motion to Compel and Request for Related Relief (June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934).\n\n28. The assets concealed and dissipated by the Debtor included funds that he obtained from the victims of his cryptocurrency, securities, and other fraud schemes. As a result of this conduct, the Debtor faces multiple felony fraud, money laundering, and racketeering charges in a criminal case pending in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. *See United States v. Ho Wan Kwok*, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.).\n\n29. The Debtor knew and intended that by concealing and dissipating his assets in this manner there would not be sufficient assets remaining to repay his creditors—including the many victims of his frauds. These transfers were thus necessarily made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n#### **E. Transfer to the Defendant**\n\n30. Prior to the Petition Date, the Debtor, using his alter ego shell company including, Leading Shine, or otherwise, transferred the Debtor's property to the Defendant (the \"Transfer\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n31. At the time of the Transfer, the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of the Debtor's estate.\n\n32. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfer.\n\n### **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n## **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfer Pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 548(a)(1)(A) and 550(a))**\n\n33. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-32 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n34. The Transfer were made by the Debtor through his alter ego, Leading Shine, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n35. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the Transfer is shown by, among other things:\n\na. The Transfer was effectuated using alter ego shell company;\n\nb. The Transfer was concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Transfer was effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfer furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Transfer furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Transfer, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Transfer, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n36. The Transfer is avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to section 548(a)(i)(A) of the\n\nBankruptcy Code and is recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n#### **SECOND CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfer pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 274, and 276, and Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) and 550(a))**\n\n37. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-32 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n38. The Transfer was made by the Debtor, through his alter ego companies, Leading Shine, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n9\n\n39. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the Transfer is shown by, among other things:\n\na. The Transfer was effectuated using alter ego shell companies;\n\nb. The Transfer was concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Transfer was effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfer furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Transfer furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Transfer, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Transfer, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n40. The Transfer is avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276, and section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n#### **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. On the First Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfer in an amount not less than \\$128,246.00 is avoided pursuant to section 548(a)(1)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code; (b) an order directing that the Transfer be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfer, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. On the Second Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfer in an amount not less than \\$128,246.00 is avoided pursuant to section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2), 274 and 276 and, with respect to transfers prior to April 4, 2020, N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 273a, 275, 276 and 278; (b) an order directing that the Transfer be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfer, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law section 276 and section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n5. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n6. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n### [*Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank*]\n\nDated: February 10, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: */s/ Patrick R. Linsey\\_* Douglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 [dskalka@npmlaw.com](mailto:dskalka@npmlaw.com) [plinsey@npmlaw.com](mailto:plinsey@npmlaw.com) *Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\n## **SCHEDULE A**\n\n**FILED UNDER SEAL**","body_zh":"B1040（FORM 1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗程序封面页\n（背面说明） 对抗程序编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n原告 被告\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人 Vision Knight Capital (China) Fund（远见骑士资本（中国）基金）\n律师（律师事务所名称、地址和电话号码） 律师\n（如已知）\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡），Patrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）\nNeubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.（纽伯特、佩佩及蒙蒂思律师事务所）\n195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510\n(203)781-2847\n当事人（仅勾选一个方框） 当事人（仅勾选一个方框）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国\n受托人/破产管理人 □ 债务人 □ 美国受托人/破产\n管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他 □ 债权人 □ 其他\n□ 受托人 □ 受托人\n诉因 （简要陈述诉因，包括所涉全部美国法条）\n第11章受托人依据《破产法》第544、548及\n550条以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第273、274及276条，请求撤销并追回欺诈性转让、偏颇性转让和\n申请后转让，并请求相关救济的起诉状\n诉讼性质\n（最多编号五（5）个方框，以主要诉因为1，第一个备选诉因为2，第二个备选诉因为3，依此类推。）\nFRBP 7001(1) – 追回金钱/财产 FRBP 7001(6) – 可免责性（续）\n□\n11－追回金钱/财产－§542 财产返还 □\n61－可免责性－§523(a)(5)，家庭扶养义务\n□\n12－追回金钱/财产－§547 偏颇性转让\n□ □\n68－可免责性－§523(a)(6)，故意且恶意造成的损害\n□\n13－追回金钱/财产－§548 欺诈性转让\n□\n14－追回金钱/财产－其他 63－可免责性－§523(a)(8)，学生贷款\n□\n64－可免责性－§523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\n（家庭扶养义务除外）\nFRBP 7001(2) – 留置权的有效性、优先权或范围\n□\n21－留置权或其他财产权益的有效性、优先权或范围 □\n65－可免责性－其他\nFRBP 7001(7) – 禁令救济\nFRBP 7001(3) – 批准出售财产\n□ □\n71－禁令救济－施加中止\n31－批准出售破产财产及共同所有人财产－§363(h) □ 72－禁令救济－其他\nFRBP 7001(4) – 对免责提出异议/撤销免责 FRBP 7001(8) 债权或权益的劣后\n□\n41－对免责提出异议/撤销免责－§727(c),(d),(e) □ 81－债权或权益的劣后\nFRBP 7001(5) – 撤销确认 FRBP 7001(9) 确认判决\n□\n51－撤销确认 □ 91－确认判决\nFRBP 7001(6) – 可免责性 FRBP 7001(10) 对移送诉讼的裁定\n□\n66－可免责性－§523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税收债权 □\n01－对移送的债权或诉因的裁定\n□\n62－可免责性－§523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述、\n实际欺诈\n□\n67－可免责性－§523(a)(4)，作为受托人的欺诈、侵占、盗窃 其他\n□\nSS－SIPA案件－15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\n□ 02－其他（例如，本应在州法院提起的其他诉讼\n（续见下一栏） 如与破产案件无关）\n□ 如本案涉及州法实体问题，请勾选 □ 如主张本案为依据 FRCP 23 的集体诉讼，请勾选\n□ 如起诉状中请求陪审团审判，请勾选 请求金额 \\$\n请求的其他救济\n\nB1040（FORM 1040）（12/15）\n\n本对抗程序所由产生的破产案件\n\n债务人姓名 破产案件编号\nHo Wan Kwok（郭文贵） 22-50073 (JAM)\n案件待决地区 分院办公室 法官姓名\nConnecticut（康涅狄格州） Bridgeport（布里奇波特） Julie A. Manning（朱莉·A·曼宁）\n相关对抗程序（如有）\n原告 被告 对抗\n程序编号\n\n对抗程序待决地区 分院办公室 法官姓名\n\n律师（或原告）签名\n\n律师（或原告）姓名正楷\n日期\n\n说明\n\n提交破产案件会在破产法院管辖下设立一项“财产集合”，其中包括债务人的全部财产，无论该等财产位于何处。由于破产财产集合范围广泛，且法院管辖权极为广泛，可能会就该财产集合的财产或财产权利发生诉讼。也可能发生与债务人免责有关的诉讼。该等诉讼如在破产法院提起，称为对抗程序。\n\n提交对抗程序的一方还必须填写并提交表格1040，即《对抗程序封面页》，除非该方通过法院的案件管理/电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提交对抗程序。（CM/ECF 在提交过程中获取表格1040上的信息。）填妥后，封面页概述对抗程序的基本信息。法院书记员需要该等信息以处理对抗程序，并编制所要求的法院活动统计报告。\n\n封面页及其所载信息不替代或补充法律、《破产规则》或法院地方法规所要求的诉状或其他文件的提交和送达。该封面页大部分内容不言自明，必须由原告律师填写（如原告未经律师代理，则由原告填写）。每份已提交的起诉状均须另向书记员提交一份封面页。\n\n原告和被告。准确填写原告和被告在起诉状中所列的姓名。\n\n律师。如已知，填写律师的姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。在第一栏中为原告勾选最适当的方框，并在第二栏中为被告勾选最适当的方框。\n\n请求金额。填写起诉状中请求的金额。\n\n签名。本封面页必须由登记在案的律师在表格第二页的方框内签署。如原告由律师事务所代理，必须由该事务所的一名成员签署。如原告自行诉讼，即未经律师代理，则必须由原告签署。\nUNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION（美国破产法院康涅狄格州地区布里奇波特分院）\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\n关于：\n\nHO WAN KWOK（郭文贵）等人，[1]\n\n第11章\n\n案件编号 22-50073 (JAM)\n\n债务人。\n\n（合并管理）\n\n对抗程序编号 [ ]\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人，\n\n原告，\n\n诉\n\nFebruary 10, 2024\n\nVISION KNIGHT CAPITAL (CHINA) FUND（远见骑士资本（中国）基金），\n\n被告。\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n第11章受托人依据《破产法》第544、548及550条以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第273、274及276条，请求撤销并追回欺诈性转让及相关救济的起诉状\n\nLuc A. Despins，以其在 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）第11章案件（下称“第11章案件”）中获任命的第11章受托人（下称“受托人”）身份，提起本\n\n1 本第11章案件中的债务人为 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（又名 Guo Wengui、Miles Guo 和 Miles Kwok，以及众多其他别名）（税务识别号码末四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（税务识别号码末四位：8202）及 Genever Holdings Corporation。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC 及 Genever Holdings Corporation 的邮寄地址为 Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，c/o Luc A. Despins，作为 Ho Wan Kwok 财产集合的受托人（仅为通知和通信之目的）。\n\n对抗起诉状（下称“起诉状”），针对被告 Vision Knight Capital (China) Fund（下称“被告”）提出如下陈述：\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人提起本对抗程序，以撤销并追回在本第11章案件开始前对债务人财产作出的转让。\n\n2. 债务人通过其另我空壳公司 Leading Shine NY Ltd.（下称“Leading Shine”），于申请日后（定义见下文）向作为初始受让人的被告转让了金额为 \\$128,246.00 的资金。\n\n3. 该转让构成实际欺诈性转让，因为债务人将其作为其“空壳把戏”的一部分实施，且该转让是出于阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人债权人的意图而作出。\n管辖权和审判地\n\n4. 本法院根据 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b) 对本对抗程序具有事项管辖权。\n\n5. 本对抗程序已根据 28 U.S.C. § 157(a) 移交本法院审理。\n\n6. 本文所请求救济的法定依据包括《美国法典》第11编（下称“《破产法》”）第544、548及550条，以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第273、274及276条[2]或任何其他适用的州法对应规定。\n\n2 对《纽约州债务人与债权人法》的所有法条引用，以下均称为“N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law”。《纽约州统一可撤销交易法》（“NYUVT”）取代《纽约州统一欺诈性让与法》（“NYUFC”），并于 April 4, 2020 生效，适用于在 April 4, 2020 当日或之后作出的转让或发生的债务。对于 April 4, 2020 之前的转让，受托人在本诉讼中根据 NYUFC 和 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law 第273、273a、275、276及278条请求救济。\n当事人\n\n7. 受托人系第11章案件中的第11章受托人，依据破产法院于 July 8, 2022 作出的裁定[案件编号 22-50073（下称“主案”）案卷编号 523]获任命。\n\n8. 被告的地址和营业地点为 33rd Floor, Kerry Parkside Office, 1155 Fangdian Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201204, China。\n事实\nA. 第11章案件\n\n9. 债务人于 February 15, 2022 在 United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut（美国康涅狄格州地区破产法院）（下称“破产法院”）根据《美国法典》第11编（下称“《破产法》”）第11章提交了自愿救济申请（下称“申请日”），从而启动上述标题所列第11章案件（下称“第11章案件”）。\n\n10. 于 March 21, 2022，Office of the United States Trustee（美国受托人办公室）在本第11章案件中任命了无担保债权人正式委员会。未任命审查员。\n\n11. 债务人于 March 2022 向破产法院提交的破产清单声称，其拥有 \\$3,850 的资产，并负有数亿美元的债务。[3] 尽管债务人确实负债累累，但其清单未披露债务人通过其众多另我空壳公司（包括 Leading Shine）持有和/或转让的财产。\n\n12. 于 June 15, 2022，法院作出决定备忘录和命令[主案案卷编号 465]，指示美国受托人在第11章案件中任命一名第11章受托人。根据该命令，美国受托人选定 Luc A. Despins 担任\n\n3 资产和负债清单，第1页[主案件卷编号 78]。\n\n受托人。于 July 8, 2022，法院作出命令，批准任命 Luc A. Despins 为第11章案件中的受托人[主案件卷编号 523]。\nB. 债务人使用空壳公司及受托人的对抗程序\n\n13. Leading Shine 是债务人用以阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的众多另我空壳公司之一。[4] 多年来，债务人策划了一场“空壳把戏”，使用由其家庭成员、亲信和/或下属名义持有、但实际由债务人控制的复杂空壳公司网络。这一空壳把戏使债务人能够使用、花费和/或转让数百万美元现金及其他资产。\n\n14. 自获任命以来，受托人已在第11章案件中提起多项对抗程序，以实现包括确认债务人的空壳公司系其另我和/或该等公司及其资产衡平地归债务人所有在内的目的；在若干对抗程序中，破产法院已经给予该等救济。[5]\n\n15. 这些诉讼中的事实模式一贯包括：(i) 由债务人控制、由近亲家庭成员和/或下属持有的空壳公司，(ii) 使用来自的现金购置的资产\n\n4 在对抗程序 Despins v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.（对抗程序编号 23-5023（“Lamp Capital A.P.”），案卷编号 13）中，Leading Shine 已被作出缺席判决；该对抗程序除其他事项外，请求宣告性判决，认定 Leading Shine 为债务人的另我。受托人在此援引其在 Lamp Capital A.P. 中提交的起诉状（对抗程序编号 23-5023，案卷编号 1），其内容如同在本文中完整载明。\n\n5 这些对抗程序包括以下案件：(i) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯潘斯），第 11 章受托人 v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al. [对抗程序编号 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins，第 11 章受托人 v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al. [对抗程序编号 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins，第 11 章受托人 v. Mei Guo（郭梅）[对抗程序编号 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins，第 11 章受托人 v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al. [对抗程序编号 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins，第 11 章受托人 v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al. [对抗程序编号 23-05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins，第 11 章受托人 v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited [对抗程序编号 23-05018]；及 (vii) Luc A. Despins，第 11 章受托人 v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al. [对抗程序编号 23-05023]。\n\n其他由债务人控制的实体和/或在空壳实体之间无偿转移，以及 (iii) 债务人从该等资产中获益并对其享有控制权和支配权。\n\nC. 债务人妨碍、拖延和/或欺诈债权人的行为\n\n16. 除受托人对抗程序中处理的事项外，破产法院还认定，债务人是 Ace Decade Limited（及通过该公司而持有的 Dawn State Limited）的受益所有人，且债务人控制并利用了 Ace Decade Limited 的名义股东 Yvette Wang（王燕）。[6]\n\n17. 破产法院还认定，“G Entities”（Gettr、G Fashion、G Music、GClubs、GNews 和 GEdu）、New Federal State of China（新中国联邦）及 Rule of Law Foundation（法治基金会），以及其他表面上独立的实体和组织，均受债务人控制，[7] 由债务人领导[8]和/或服务于债务人的“目的……并作为债务人的商业载体”。[9]\n\n18. 在申请日之前，United States District Court for the Southern District of New York（纽约南区联邦地区法院）的 Liman 法官认定，Eastern Profit Corporation Limited（东益有限公司）——一家最初由债务人的一名厨师拥有、后转让给债务人女儿的实体——实质上是债务人的“一家空壳公司”。[10]\n\n6 准许以违反公司治理命令为由认定债务人藐视法庭之动议的命令，第 ¶¶ 1, 4 段（Jan. 24, 2023，案卷编号 1372（“Corp. Governance Contempt Order”）。\n\n7 部分准许初步禁令动议的更正决定备忘录，第 ¶ 3 段（对抗程序编号 22-05032，January 13, 2023（“债务人还控制 Saraca Media Group 和一家相关实体‘GTV’。”）。\n\n8 同上，第 ¶ 7 段（“债务人是 The Whistleblower Movement、NFSC、ROLF 和 Himalaya 的领导人。”）。\n\n9 同上。（“The Whistleblower Movement、NFSC、ROLF、GSeries 和 Himalaya 服务于债务人的目的，作为债务人的商业载体，其成员个人忠于债务人。”）。\n\n10 Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n19. 债务人为妨碍和拖延其最大债权人之一，即 Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P.（“PAX”）的追偿工作，煞费苦心。2017 年，PAX 在 Supreme Court of the State of New York（纽约州最高法院）（“纽约法院”）对债务人提起诉讼，案号 652077/2017（“PAX 案件”），请求就所欠款项作出判决。2021 年 2 月 3 日，PAX 在纽约法院取得针对债务人的 \\$116,402,019.57 判决（“PAX 判决”）。PAX 试图通过扣押债务人的资产来执行 PAX 判决——包括 Lady May，该游艇被债务人虚假声称为其女儿所有；以及债务人在曼哈顿的豪华公寓，该公寓被债务人虚假声称为代其儿子信托持有。债务人在判决后程序中违抗纽约法院命令，最终导致其被处以 \\$134 million 的藐视法庭罚款。\n\n20. 债务人还将其另我，包括 Leading Shine，作为个人提款机，用以资助其本人和家人已习惯的奢靡生活方式，同时将资产隐匿于该等另我中以躲避其债权人，并妨碍和拖延债权人就其债权获得清偿。债务人通过该等另我实施的转让，实施了债务人的欺诈计划。\n\n21. 债务人已在破产法院作证称，其资产不足以偿付其负债，且其奢华生活方式由其家人通过名义上由家庭成员持有的企业提供资金。[11] 债务人仅申报 \\$3,850 的资产。[12]\n\n11 关于债务人请求作出临时及最终 DIP 命令之动议的听证会，命令 (I) 授权债务人取得无担保、次级的申请后融资，及 (II) 安排临时和最终听证会，以及 (III) 准予相关救济（主案，April 27, 2022）\n\n12 见注释 3\n\n22. 2023 年 3 月，债务人被逮捕，并在等待就联邦刑事指控受审期间持续被羁押；该等指控除其他事项外包括电信欺诈、证券欺诈和洗钱。\n\n23. 美国政府在对债务人提出的刑事起诉书中主张，债务人及其共同被告“利用以至少 80 个不同实体或个人名义持有的约 500 多个账户，对超过 \\$1 billion 的欺诈所得进行洗钱”。[13]\n\n24. 债务人的另我之财产，包括 Leading Shine，在申请日之前的任何时候均为债务人的财产。\n\n25. 在与本案相关的任何时候，债务人在 New York, New York 经营业务，包括指示该转让（定义见下文）。\n\nD. 以妨碍、拖延或欺诈债权人为目的作出的转让\n\n26. 本起诉状所涉转让系以妨碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人债权人为目的作出，因为该转让是通过债务人作为其空壳游戏一部分而运营的另我空壳公司作出的。\n\n27. 债务人故意以此方式安排其财务事务，以便隐匿和耗散数百万美元资产，同时向其众多债权人虚假声称其贫困。债务人声称身无分文，却同时大肆支出，以维持其本人、家庭成员和密切关联人士的亿万富翁生活方式。\n\n13 见 United States of America 反对被告 Yanping Wang（王燕）审前释放动议的法律备忘录，第 29 页，作为第 11 章受托人就 G Club Operations LLC 补充反对受托人强制履行之动议及相关救济请求所提交答复的附件 B（June 23, 2023，主案件卷编号 1934）。\n\n28. 债务人隐匿和耗散的资产包括其从加密货币、证券及其他欺诈计划的受害人处取得的资金。由于该等行为，债务人在 United States District Court for the Southern District of New York（纽约南区联邦地区法院）待审的一宗刑事案件中面临多项重罪欺诈、洗钱及敲诈勒索指控。见 United States v. Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.).\n\n29. 债务人知道并意图通过以此方式隐匿和耗散其资产，将不会留下足够资产以偿还其债权人——包括其众多欺诈行为的受害人。因此，该等转让必然是以妨碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人债权人为目的作出的。\n\nE. 向被告作出的转让\n\n30. 在申请日之前，债务人使用包括 Leading Shine 在内的其另我空壳公司，或以其他方式，将债务人的财产转让给被告（“该转让”），包括但不限于以下事项：\n\n见随附并构成本文件一部分的附表 A。\n\n31. 在该转让作出时，债务人对债务人财产的债权人负有未清偿义务。\n\n32. 被告是该转让的初始受让人。\n\n第一项请求\n\n（根据《破产法典》第 548(a)(1)(A) 条和第 550(a) 条撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让的请求）\n\n33. 受托人重述并再次主张第 1 至 32 段所载指控，如同在本文中完整载明。\n\n34. 该转让由债务人通过其另我 Leading Shine 作出，具有妨碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的实际意图。\n\n35. 债务人在实施该转让时妨碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，由以下事实表明：\n\na. 该转让是利用另我空壳公司实施的；\n\nb. 该转让向债务人的债权人隐瞒；\n\nc. 该转让是在债务人控制的家庭成员及其他亲信和下属协助下，作为债务人“空壳游戏”的一部分实施，旨在隐匿和保护资产；\n\nd. 该转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈中获益而不使其财产受到债权人追索，进一步促成了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 该转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈中获利而不使其财产受到债权人追索，进一步促成了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在该转让作出时，债务人正被起诉，包括 PAX 在 PAX 案件中对其提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在该转让作出时，债务人资不抵债或资本不足。\n\n36. 该转让可由受托人根据《破产法典》第 548(a)(i)(A) 条撤销，并可根据《破产法典》第 550(a) 条追回。\n\n第二项请求\n\n（根据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law 第 273、274 和 276 条，以及《破产法典》第 544(b) 条和第 550(a) 条撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让的请求）\n\n37. 受托人重述并再次主张第 1 至 32 段所载指控，如同在本文中完整载明。\n\n38. 该转让由债务人通过其另我公司 Leading Shine 作出，具有妨碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的实际意图。\n\n39. 债务人在实施该转让时妨碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，由以下事实表明：\n\na. 该转让是利用另我空壳公司实施的；\n\nb. 该转让向债务人的债权人隐瞒；\n\nc. 该转让是在债务人控制的家庭成员及其他亲信和下属协助下，作为债务人“空壳游戏”的一部分实施，旨在隐匿和保护资产；\n\nd. 该转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈中获益而不使其财产受到债权人追索，进一步促成了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 该转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈中获利而不使其财产受到债权人追索，进一步促成了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在该转让作出时，债务人正被起诉，包括 PAX 在 PAX 案件中对其提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在该转让作出时，债务人资不抵债或资本不足。\n\n40. 该转让可由受托人根据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law 第 273(a)(1)、274 和 276 条以及《破产法典》第 544(b) 条撤销，并可根据《破产法典》第 550(a) 条追回。\n\n救济请求\n\n因此，基于前述理由，受托人恭请法院作出如下判决：\n\n1. 就第一项请求而言，(a) 作出命令，宣布金额不低于 \\$128,246.00 的该转让根据《破产法典》第 548(a)(1)(A) 条予以撤销；(b) 作出命令，指示撤销该转让；以及 (c) 根据《破产法典》第 550(a)(1) 条，为债务人破产财产的利益，从被告处追回该转让，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n2. 就第二项请求而言，(a) 作出命令，宣布金额不低于 \\$128,246.00 的该转让根据《破产法典》第 544(b) 条以及 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2), 274 and 276，并就 April 4, 2020 之前的转让根据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 273a, 275, 276 and 278，予以撤销；(b) 作出命令，指示撤销该转让；以及 (c) 根据 N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law section 276 和《破产法典》第 550(a)(1) 条，为债务人破产财产的利益，从被告处追回该转让，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n5. 裁定受托人自提交本起诉状之日起至本案判决之日止，按最高法定利率获得判决前利息；以及\n\n6. 本院可在该等情形下认为公正、适当或符合衡平原则的其他及进一步救济。\n\n[本页其余部分故意留空]\n\n日期：February 10, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（吕克·A·德斯潘）\n第 11 章受托人\n\n代理人：/s/ Patrick R. Linsey\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡）(ct00616)\nPatrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）(ct29437)\nNEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.（纽伯特、佩佩及蒙蒂思律师事务所）\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor\nNew Haven, Connecticut 06510\n(203) 781-2847\n[dskalka@npmlaw.com]\n[plinsey@npmlaw.com]\n第 11 章受托人代理律师\n\n附件 A\n\n密封提交","key_entities":["Despins","Kwok","Je","Ho Wan Kwok","Guo","Himalaya","Miles Guo","Yanping Wang","HCHK","GTV","Saraca","GETTR","Paul Hastings","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[{"doc_number":215,"court":"CTB"}],"word_count":4403,"status":"published","published_at":null,"created_at":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-23 19:52:17"}