{"id":"court_ctb_2634_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":2634,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":null,"title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET<br>(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET<br>(Instructions on Reverse)                                                                                                                                                                                                  |                                                                     | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER<br>(Court Use Only)                          |  |  |  |\n|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     | DEFENDANTS                                                          |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |                                                                     | Sherry-Lehmann, Inc                                                      |  |  |  |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.)                                                                                                                                                                                                              | ATTORNEYS<br>(If Known)                                             |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| Douglas S. Skalka, Patrick R. Linsey<br>Neubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.<br>195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510<br>(203)781-2847                                                                                                                       |                                                                     |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |                                                                     | PARTY (Check One Box Only)                                               |  |  |  |\n| □ Debtor<br>□ U.S.<br>Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin                                                                                                                                                                                                                 | □ Debtor<br>□ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy<br>Admin                      |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| □ Creditor<br>□ Other                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | □ Creditor<br>□ Other                                               |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| □ Trustee                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | □ Trustee                                                           |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION<br>(WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED)                                                                                                                                                          |                                                                     |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| Complaint of Chapter 11 Trustee seeking avoidance and recovery of fraudulent transfers, preferential transfers, and<br>related relief pursuant to Bankruptcy Code Sections 544,548, and 550 and New York Debtor and Creditor Law<br>Sections 273, 274, and 276 |                                                                     |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| NATURE OF SUIT                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |                                                                     |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| (Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.)                                                                                                                       |                                                                     |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |                                                                     | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued)                              |  |  |  |\n| □<br>11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property                                                                                                                                                                                                 | □<br>61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support             |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| □<br>12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference                                                                                                                                                                                                           | □<br>68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| □<br>13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer<br>□                                                                                                                                                                                             | □<br>63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan<br>□            |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| 14-Recovery of money/property - other                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |                                                                     | 64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation      |  |  |  |\n| FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien                                                                                                                                                                                                            | □                                                                   | (other than domestic support)                                            |  |  |  |\n| □<br>21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property                                                                                                                                                                                     |                                                                     | 65-Dischargeability - other                                              |  |  |  |\n|                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |                                                                     | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief                                         |  |  |  |\n| FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property<br>□                                                                                                                                                                                                               | □<br>71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay                      |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| 31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h)                                                                                                                                                                                          | □                                                                   | 72-Injunctive relief – other                                             |  |  |  |\n| FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge                                                                                                                                                                                                               |                                                                     | FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest                          |  |  |  |\n| □<br>41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e)                                                                                                                                                                                                  | □                                                                   | 81-Subordination of claim or interest                                    |  |  |  |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |                                                                     |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| □<br>51-Revocation of confirmation                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | □                                                                   | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment                                        |  |  |  |\n|                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |                                                                     | 91-Declaratory judgment                                                  |  |  |  |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability<br>□                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |                                                                     | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action                            |  |  |  |\n| 66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims<br>□                                                                                                                                                                                           | □                                                                   | 01-Determination of removed claim or cause                               |  |  |  |\n| 62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation,<br>actual fraud                                                                                                                                                                       | Other                                                               |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| □<br>67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny                                                                                                                                                                               | □<br>SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.                       |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n|                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | □                                                                   | 02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court |  |  |  |\n| (continued next column)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |                                                                     | if unrelated to bankruptcy case)                                         |  |  |  |\n| □ Check if this case involves a substantive issue of state law                                                                                                                                                                                                 |                                                                     | □ Check if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23           |  |  |  |\n| □ Check if a jury trial is demanded in complaint                                                                                                                                                                                                               | Demand \\$                                                           |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| Other Relief Sought                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |                                                                     |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n|                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |                                                                     |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n\n**B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES |           |                                       |                  |  |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------|------------------|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR                                            |           | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO.                   |                  |  |\n| Ho Wan Kwok                                               |           | 22-50073 (JAM)                        |                  |  |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING                         |           | DIVISION OFFICE                       | NAME OF JUDGE    |  |\n| Connecticut                                               |           | Bridgeport                            | Julie A. Manning |  |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY)                     |           |                                       |                  |  |\n| PLAINTIFF                                                 | DEFENDANT |                                       | ADVERSARY        |  |\n|                                                           |           |                                       | PROCEEDING NO.   |  |\n|                                                           |           |                                       |                  |  |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING                    |           | DIVISION OFFICE                       | NAME OF JUDGE    |  |\n|                                                           |           |                                       |                  |  |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF)                      |           |                                       |                  |  |\n|                                                           |           |                                       |                  |  |\n|                                                           |           |                                       |                  |  |\n|                                                           |           |                                       |                  |  |\n|                                                           |           |                                       |                  |  |\n| DATE                                                      |           | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) |                  |  |\n|                                                           |           |                                       |                  |  |\n|                                                           |           |                                       |                  |  |\n|                                                           |           |                                       |                  |  |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n# **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\nIn re:\n\nHO WAN KWOK, *et al*.,[1](#page-2-0)\n\nChapter 11\n\nCase No. 22-50073 (JAM)\n\nDebtors.\n\n(Jointly Administered)\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\nLUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE,\n\nPlaintiff,\n\nAdv. Proceeding No. [ ]\n\nv.\n\nFebruary 10, 2024\n\nSHERRY-LEHMANN, INC.,\n\nDefendant.\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF FRAUDULENT TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 544, 548 AND 550 AND NEW YORK DEBTOR & CREDITOR LAW SECTIONS 273, 274, AND 276**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the\n\nchapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this\n\n<span id=\"page-2-0\"></span> <sup>1</sup> The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\nadversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant Sherry-Lehmann, Inc. (the \"Defendant\"), stating as follows:\n\n### **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding under Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\") to avoid and recover transfers of the Debtor's property prior to the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case.\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter ego shell companies, Golden Spring (New York) Ltd (\"Golden Spring\"), Greenwich Land LLC (\"Greenwich Land\") and Lamp Capital LLC (\"Lamp Capital\"), transferred funds in the amount of \\$204,884.52 prior to the Petition Date (as defined herein) to the Defendant as initial transferee.\n\n3. These transfers were actually fraudulent, because the Debtor effectuated them as part of his \"shell game,\" and they were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n## **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b).\n\n5. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(a).\n\n6. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include sections 544, 548, and 550 of the Bankruptcy Code and New York Debtor & Creditor Law sections 273, 274, and 276 [2](#page-3-0) or any other applicable state law equivalents.\n\n<span id=\"page-3-0\"></span> <sup>2</sup> All statutory references to New York Debtor and Creditor Law will hereinafter be referred to as \"N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law\". The New York Uniform Voidable Transactions Act (\"NYUVT\") replaced the New York Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act (\"NYUFC\") and became effective on April 4, 2020 and applies to transfers made or\n\n### **THE PARTIES**\n\n7. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n8. The Defendant is a New York corporation with an address at 505 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10022.\n\n### **FACTS**\n\n### **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n9. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the Chapter 11 Case.\n\n10. On March 21, 2022, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n11. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities.[3](#page-4-0) While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and/or transferred through his many alter ego shell companies, including, Golden Spring, Greenwich Land and Lamp Capital.\n\n12. On June 15, 2022, the Bankruptcy Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11\n\nobligations incurred on or after April 4, 2020. With respect to transfers prior to April 4, 2020, the Trustee seeks relief in this action under the NYUFC and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law §§ 273, 273-a, 274, 275, 276 and 278.\n\n<span id=\"page-4-0\"></span><sup>3</sup> Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 [Main Case Docket No. 78].\n\ntrustee in the Chapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the Trustee. On July 8, 2022, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n## **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n13. Golden Spring, Greenwich Land and Lamp Capital are among the numerous alter ego shell companies used by the Debtor to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors.[4](#page-5-0) For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members, lieutenants, and/or subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use and spend and/or transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets—while concealing his property from creditors.\n\n14. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell\n\n<span id=\"page-5-0\"></span> <sup>4</sup> The Court has entered judgment to the effect that Golden Spring was the Debtor's alter ego. *See Despins v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5018 (the \"Golden Spring A.P.\"), Docket No. 35). The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the Golden Spring A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5018, Docket No. 1).\n\nThere is a pending motion for summary judgment to determine that Greenwich Land is the alter ego of Debtor in the adversary proceeding *Despins v. Greenwich Land, LLC* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5005 (the \"Greenwich Land A.P.\"), Docket No. 78). The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the Greenwich Land A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5005, Docket No. 1).\n\nThe Court has entered judgment to the effect that Lamp Capital was the Debtor's alter ego. *See Despins v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023 (the \"Lamp Capital A.P.\"), Docket No. 66). The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the Lamp Capital A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023, Docket No. 1).\n\ncompanies were his alter egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief.[5](#page-6-0)\n\n15. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from other Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n## **C. Debtor's Conduct to Hinder, Delay, and/or Defraud Creditors**\n\n16. In addition to the matters addressed in the Trustee's adversary proceedings, the Bankruptcy Court has found that the Debtor was the beneficial owner of Ace Decade Limited (and through it, Dawn State Limited) and that the Debtor controlled and employed Ace Decade Limited's nominee shareholder, Yvette Wang.[6](#page-6-1)\n\n17. The Bankruptcy Court has also found that the \"G Entities\" (Gettr, G Fashion, G Music, GClubs, GNews and GEdu), the New Federal State of China and the Rule of Law Foundation, as well as other purportedly independent entities and organizations, were controlled\n\n<span id=\"page-6-0\"></span> <sup>5</sup> These include the following adversary proceedings: (i) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]; (vi) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited [Adv. Proc. 23- 05018]; and (vii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. 23-05023].\n\n<span id=\"page-6-1\"></span><sup>6</sup> Order Granting Motion to Hold Debtor in Contempt of Corporate Governance Order, ¶¶ 1, 4 (Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372 (\"Corp. Governance Contempt Order\").\n\nby the Debtor, [7](#page-7-0) led by the Debtor[8](#page-7-1) and/or served \"the purposes of… and as business vehicles of\" the Debtor.[9](#page-7-2)\n\n18. Prior to the Petition Date, Judge Liman of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York found that Eastern Profit Corporation Limited, an entity originally owned by one of the Debtor's chefs before its transfer to Debtor's daughter, was \"in essence, a shell corporation\" for the Debtor.[10](#page-7-3)\n\n19. The Debtor has gone to great lengths to hinder and delay the collection efforts of one of his largest creditors, *i.e.*, Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P. (\"PAX\"). In 2017, PAX sued the Debtor in the Supreme Court of the State of New York (the \"New York Court\"), Index No. 652077/2017 (the \"PAX Case\"), seeking judgment for monies owed. On February 3, 2021, PAX obtained a judgment from the New York Court against the Debtor in the sum of \\$116,402,019.57 (the \"PAX Judgment\"). PAX sought to enforce the PAX Judgment by levying the Debtor's assets—including the Lady May, which the Debtor falsely claimed was owned by his daughter, and the Debtor's luxury apartment in Manhattan, which the Debtor falsely claimed was held in trust for the Debtor's son. The Debtor's defiance of New York Court orders in postjudgment proceedings eventually resulted in the Debtor incurring contempt penalties of \\$134 million.\n\n<span id=\"page-7-0\"></span> <sup>7</sup> *Corrected Memorandum of Decision Granting in Part Motion for Preliminary Injunction*, ¶ 3 (Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032, January 13, 2023 (\"The Debtor also controls Saraca Media Group and a related entity 'GTV'\").\n\n<span id=\"page-7-1\"></span><sup>8</sup> *Id*. at ¶ 7 (\"The Debtor is the leader of The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF and Himalaya.\").\n\n<span id=\"page-7-2\"></span><sup>9</sup> *Id*. (\"The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF, GSeries, and Himalaya serve the purposes of the Debtor, serve as business vehicles for the Debtor, and their members are personally loyal to the Debtor.\").\n\n<span id=\"page-7-3\"></span><sup>10</sup> *Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC*, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n20. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including Golden Spring, Greenwich Land and Lamp Capital, as personal piggy-banks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries on their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos perpetuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme.\n\n21. The Debtor has testified before the Bankruptcy Court that he has insufficient assets to pay his liabilities and that his luxurious lifestyle is funded by his family through businesses nominally held by family members.[11](#page-8-0) The Debtor scheduled only \\$3,850 in assets.[12](#page-8-1)\n\n22. In March 2023, the Debtor was arrested and remains confined pending his trial on federal criminal charges of, among other things, wire fraud, securities fraud, and money laundering.\n\n23. In its criminal indictment of the Debtor, the United States Government asserts that the Debtor and his co-defendants \"utilized more than approximately 500 accounts held in the names of *at least 80 different entities or individuals* to launder more than \\$1 billion in fraud proceeds.\"[13](#page-8-2)\n\n24. The property of the Debtor's alter egos, including Golden Spring, Greenwich Land and Lamp Capital, was at all times prior to the Petition Date property of the Debtor.\n\n<span id=\"page-8-0\"></span> <sup>11</sup> Hearing on Debtor's Motion for Entry of Interim and Final DIP Orders (I) Authorizing the Debtor to Obtain Unsecured, Subordinated Postpetition Financing and (II) Scheduling Interim and Final Hearings, and (III) Granting Related Relief (Main Case, April 27, 2022)\n\n<span id=\"page-8-1\"></span><sup>12</sup> *See* n.3\n\n<span id=\"page-8-2\"></span><sup>13</sup> *See* Memorandum of Law of the United States of America in Opposition to Defendant Yanping Wang's Motion for Pretrial Release at 29, attached as Exhibit B in the Reply of Chapter 11 Trustee to G Club Operations LLC's Supplemental Objection to Trustee's Motion to Compel and Request for Related Relief (June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934).\n\n25. At all times relevant herein, the Debtor conducted business in New York, New York, including direction of the Transfers (as defined herein).\n\n### **D. Transfers Made with Intent to Hinder, Delay, or Defraud Creditors**\n\n26. The Transfers at issue in this Complaint were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors inasmuch as they were all made through the Debtor's alterego shell companies operated as a part of the Debtor's shell game.\n\n27. The Debtor intentionally orchestrated his financial affairs in this manner in order to conceal and dissipate millions of dollars in assets while falsely pleading poverty to his many creditors. The Debtor claimed to be destitute while simultaneously spending heavily to maintain a billionaire lifestyle for himself and for his family members and close associates.\n\n28. The assets concealed and dissipated by the Debtor included funds that he obtained from the victims of his cryptocurrency, securities, and other fraud schemes. As a result of this conduct, the Debtor faces multiple felony fraud, money laundering, and racketeering charges in a criminal case pending in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. *See United States v. Ho Wan Kwok*, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.).\n\n29. The Debtor knew and intended that by concealing and dissipating his assets in this manner there would not be sufficient assets remaining to repay his creditors—including the many victims of his frauds. These transfers were thus necessarily made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n### **E. Investigation and Transfers to the Defendant**\n\n30. Prior to the Petition Date, the Debtor, using his alter ego shell companies, Golden Spring, Greenwich Land and Lamp Capital, or otherwise, transferred the Debtor's property to the Defendant (collectively, the \"Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n31. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors\n\nof the Debtor's estate.\n\n32. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfers.\n\n## **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n## **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers Pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 548(a)(1)(A) and 550(a))**\n\n33. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-32 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n34. The Transfers were made by the Debtor through his alter egos, Golden Spring, Greenwich Land and Lamp Capital, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n35. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the\n\nTransfers is shown by, among other things:\n\na. The Transfers were effectuated using an alter ego shell company;\n\nb. The Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX\n\nin the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n36. The Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to section 548(a)(i)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code and are recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **SECOND CLAIM**\n\n## **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 274, and 276, and Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) and 550(a))**\n\n37. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-32 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n38. The Transfers were made by the Debtor, through his alter egos, Golden Spring, Greenwich Land and Lamp Capital, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n39. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the Transfers is shown by, among other things:\n\n- a. The Transfers were effectuated using an alter ego shell company;\n- b. The Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with\n\nthe aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n40. The Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276, and section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n[*Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank*]\n\n### **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. On the First Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$204,884.52 are avoided pursuant to section 548(a)(1)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code; (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. On the Second Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$204,884.52 are avoided pursuant to section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276; (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law section 276 and section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n3. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n4. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n[*Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank*]\n\nDated: February 10, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: */s/ Patrick R. Linsey* Douglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 [dskalka@npmlaw.com](mailto:dskalka@npmlaw.com) [plinsey@npmlaw.com](mailto:plinsey@npmlaw.com) *Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\n# **SCHEDULE A**\n\n## **FILED UNDER SEAL**","body_zh":"B1040（FORM 1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗程序封面页\n（背面说明）　对抗程序编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n原告　被告\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人　Sherry-Lehmann, Inc.（雪莉-雷曼公司）\n律师（律师事务所名称、地址及电话号码）　律师\n（如已知）\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡），Patrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）\nNeubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.（纽伯特、佩佩及蒙蒂斯律师事务所）\n195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510\n(203)781-2847\n\n当事人（仅勾选一项）　当事人（仅勾选一项）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国受托人/破产管理人　□ 债务人\n□ 美国受托人/破产管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他　□ 债权人\n□ 其他\n□ 受托人　□ 受托人\n\n诉因\n（请简要说明诉因，包括所涉全部美国法条）\n第11章受托人根据《破产法典》第544、548及550条以及《纽约债务人和债权人法》第273、274及276条，寻求撤销及追回欺诈性转让、偏颇性转让和相关救济的起诉书\n\n诉讼性质\n（最多填写五（5）项，从主要诉因作为第1项开始，第一备选诉因作为第2项，第二备选诉因作为第3项，依此类推。）\n\nFRBP 7001(1) — 追回金钱/财产　FRBP 7001(6) — 可免责性（续）\n□\n11—追回金钱/财产 — §542 返还财产　□\n61—可免责性 — §523(a)(5)，家庭扶养\n□\n12—追回金钱/财产 — §547 偏颇性转让　□\n68—可免责性 — §523(a)(6)，故意及恶意损害\n□\n13—追回金钱/财产 — §548 欺诈性转让\n□　□\n63—可免责性 — §523(a)(8)，学生贷款\n□\n14—追回金钱/财产 — 其他　64—可免责性 — §523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\n\nFRBP 7001(2) — 留置权的效力、优先顺位或范围　□　（家庭扶养义务以外）\n□\n21—留置权或其他财产权益的效力、优先顺位或范围　65—可免责性 — 其他\n\nFRBP 7001(7) — 禁令救济\n\nFRBP 7001(3) — 批准出售财产\n□　□\n71—禁令救济 — 施加中止令\n31—批准出售破产财产及共同所有人财产 — §363(h)　□　72—禁令救济 — 其他\n\nFRBP 7001(4) — 异议/撤销免责　FRBP 7001(8) 债权或权益的劣后\n□\n41—对免责提出异议/撤销免责 — §727(c),(d),(e)　□　81—债权或权益的劣后\n\nFRBP 7001(5) — 撤销确认\n□\n51—撤销确认　□　FRBP 7001(9) 确认判决\n91—确认判决\n\nFRBP 7001(6) — 可免责性\n□　FRBP 7001(10) 对已移送诉讼的裁定\n66—可免责性 — §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税款债权\n□　□　01—对已移送请求或诉因的裁定\n62—可免责性 — §523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述、\n实际欺诈　其他\n□\n67—可免责性 — §523(a)(4)，受托人身份的欺诈、侵占、盗窃　□\nSS-SIPA 案件 — 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\n□　02—其他（例如，本应在州法院提起的其他诉讼\n（续见下一栏）　如与破产案件无关）\n\n□ 如本案涉及州法实体争议问题，请勾选　□ 如主张本案为根据 FRCP 23 提起的集体诉讼，请勾选\n□ 如起诉书中请求陪审团审判，请勾选　请求金额 $\n请求的其他救济\n\nB1040（FORM 1040）（12/15）\n\n产生本对抗程序的破产案件\n\n债务人姓名　破产案件编号\nHo Wan Kwok（郭文贵）　22-50073 (JAM)\n案件待决地区　分院　法官姓名\nConnecticut（康涅狄格州）　Bridgeport（布里奇波特）　Julie A. Manning（朱莉·A·曼宁）\n\n相关对抗程序（如有）\n原告　被告　对抗\n程序编号\n\n对抗程序待决地区　分院　法官姓名\n\n律师（或原告）签名\n\n日期　律师（或原告）正楷姓名\n\n说明\n\n提交破产案件即在破产法院管辖下设立一项“破产财产”，其包括债务人的全部财产，无论该等财产位于何处。由于破产财产范围广泛，且法院管辖权范围宽广，可能会就破产财产或其财产权利产生诉讼。也可能存在关于债务人免责的诉讼。若此类诉讼在破产法院提起，则称为对抗程序。\n\n提交对抗程序的一方还必须填写并提交表格1040，即《对抗程序封面页》，除非该方通过法院的案件管理/电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提交对抗程序。（CM/ECF在提交过程中收集表格1040上的信息。）完成后，封面页概述对抗程序的基本信息。法院书记员需要该等信息以处理对抗程序，并编制所需的法院活动统计报告。\n\n封面页及其中所载信息并不替代或补充法律、《破产程序规则》或法院地方法规要求提交和送达的诉状或其他文件。封面页大部分内容不言自明，必须由原告律师填写（如原告未由律师代理，则由原告填写）。每份提交的起诉书均须向书记员单独提交一份封面页。\n\n原告和被告。请准确填写原告和被告在起诉书中所载的姓名。\n\n律师。如已知，请填写律师的姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。请在第一栏中为原告勾选最适当的方框，并在第二栏中为被告勾选最适当的方框。\n\n请求金额。填写起诉书中请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面页必须由登记在案的律师在表格第二页的方框内签署。如原告由律师事务所代理，必须由该事务所的一名成员签署。如原告自行诉讼，即未由律师代理，则必须由原告签署。\n\n美国破产法院 康涅狄格州地区 布里奇波特分院\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\n关于：\n\nHO WAN KWOK（郭文贵）等人，[1]\n\n第11章\n\n案件编号 22-50073 (JAM)\n\n债务人。\n\n（共同管理）\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人，\n\n原告，\n\n对抗程序编号 [ ]\n\n诉\n\nFebruary 10, 2024\n\nSHERRY-LEHMANN, INC.（雪莉-雷曼公司），\n\n被告。\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\n第11章受托人根据《破产法典》第544、548和550条以及《纽约债务人和债权人法》第273、274和276条寻求撤销及追回欺诈性转让和相关救济的起诉书\n\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）以其作为在 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（下称“债务人”或“Kwok”）第11章案件（下称“第11章案件”）中获任命的第11章受托人（下称“受托人”）的身份，针对被告 Sherry-Lehmann, Inc.（雪莉-雷曼公司）（下称“被告”）提起本对抗程序起诉书（下称“起诉书”），陈述如下：\n\n1 本第11章案件中的债务人为 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（亦称 Guo Wengui、Miles Guo 和 Miles Kwok，以及众多其他别名）（税务识别号码后四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（吉尼弗控股有限责任公司）（税务识别号码后四位：8202）以及 Genever Holdings Corporation（吉尼弗控股公司）。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC 及 Genever Holdings Corporation 的邮寄地址为 Paul Hastings LLP（宝盛律师事务所），200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，c/o Luc A. Despins，作为 Ho Wan Kwok 破产财产的受托人（仅用于通知和通信）。\n\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人根据《美国法典》第11编（下称“破产法典”）提起本对抗程序，以撤销并追回在本第11章案件开始前对债务人财产作出的转让。\n\n2. 债务人通过其替身空壳公司 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd（纽约金泉有限公司）（下称“Golden Spring”）、Greenwich Land LLC（格林威治地产有限责任公司）（下称“Greenwich Land”）及 Lamp Capital LLC（蓝普资本有限责任公司）（下称“Lamp Capital”），于申请日之前（定义见下文）向作为初始受让人的被告转让了金额为 $204,884.52 的资金。\n\n3. 该等转让实际构成欺诈，因债务人将其作为其“空壳把戏”的一部分实施，且该等转让系为阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人的债权人而作出。\n\n管辖权和审判地\n\n4. 本院根据 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b) 对本对抗程序具有事项管辖权。\n\n5. 本对抗程序已根据 28 U.S.C. § 157(a) 移送本院。\n\n6. 本案所请求救济的法定依据包括《破产法典》第544、548和550条以及《纽约债务人和债权人法》第273、274和276条 [2]，或任何其他适用的州法对应规定。\n\n2 本文对《纽约债务人和债权人法》的所有法条引用，以下均称为“N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law”。《纽约统一可撤销交易法》（“NYUVT”）取代了《纽约统一欺诈性让与法》（“NYUFC”），并于 April 4, 2020 生效，适用于在该日或之后作出的转让或发生的义务。对于 April 4, 2020 之前的转让，受托人在本诉讼中根据 NYUFC 及 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law §§ 273, 273-a, 274, 275, 276 and 278 寻求救济。\n\n当事人\n\n7. 受托人根据破产法院于 July 8, 2022 作出的命令，在第11章案件中担任第11章受托人 [Case No. 22-50073（下称“主案”）Docket No. 523]。\n\n8. 被告是一家纽约公司，地址为 505 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10022。\n\n事实\n\nA. 第11章案件\n\n9. 债务人于 February 15, 2022 在 United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut（美国康涅狄格州地区破产法院）（下称“破产法院”）自愿提交根据《破产法典》第11章寻求救济的申请（下称“申请日”），从而开始第11章案件。\n\n10. 于 March 21, 2022，Office of the United States Trustee（美国受托人办公室）在本第11章案件中任命了无担保债权人正式委员会。尚未任命审查人。\n\n11. 债务人于 March 2022 向破产法院提交的破产清单声称，其拥有 $3,850 的资产，并产生了数亿美元的负债。[3] 债务人确实负债累累，但其清单未披露由其众多替身空壳公司（包括 Golden Spring、Greenwich Land 和 Lamp Capital）持有和/或经其转让的债务人财产。\n\n12. 于 June 15, 2022，破产法院作出一份决定备忘录及命令 [主案 Docket No. 465]，指示美国受托人在第11章案件中任命一名第11章受托人。根据该命令，美国受托人选定 Luc A. Despins 为受托人。于 July 8, 2022，破产法院作出命令，批准任命 Luc A. Despins 为第11章案件中的受托人 [主案 Docket No. 523]。\n\n3 资产和负债清单，第1页 [主案 Docket No. 78]。\n\nB. 债务人对空壳公司的使用及受托人的对抗程序\n\n13. Golden Spring、Greenwich Land 和 Lamp Capital 是债务人用于阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的众多替身空壳公司之一。[4] 多年来，债务人一直策划一场“空壳把戏”，利用由家庭成员、亲信和/或下属名义持有、但实际上由债务人控制的复杂空壳公司网络。该空壳把戏使债务人得以使用、支出和/或转让数百万美元现金及其他资产，同时向债权人隐匿其财产。\n\n14. 自获任命以来，受托人已在第11章案件中提起多项对抗程序，以便除其他事项外，确定债务人的空壳\n\n4. 法院已作出判决，认定 Golden Spring（纽约金泉）是债务人的另我。见 Despins v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited（Despins 诉 Golden Spring（New York）Limited 案）（对抗程序案号 23-5018（“Golden Spring A.P.”），案卷编号 35）。受托人特此援引其在 Golden Spring A.P. 中提交的起诉状（对抗程序案号 23-5018，案卷编号 1）。\n\n在对抗程序 Despins v. Greenwich Land, LLC（Despins 诉 Greenwich Land, LLC 案）（对抗程序案号 23-5005（“Greenwich Land A.P.”），案卷编号 78）中，目前有一项待决的简易判决动议，旨在认定 Greenwich Land（格林威治地产）是债务人的另我。受托人特此援引其在 Greenwich Land A.P. 中提交的起诉状（对抗程序案号 23-5005，案卷编号 1）。\n\n法院已作出判决，认定 Lamp Capital（蓝普资本）是债务人的另我。见 Despins v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.（Despins 诉 Lamp Capital LLC 等案）（对抗程序案号 23-5023（“Lamp Capital A.P.”），案卷编号 66）。受托人特此援引其在 Lamp Capital A.P. 中提交的起诉状（对抗程序案号 23-5023，案卷编号 1）。\n\n公司是其另我，及/或该等公司及其资产在衡平法上归债务人所有，并且破产法院已在数起案件中给予此类救济。[5]\n\n15. 这些诉讼中的事实模式一贯包括：(i) 由近亲属及/或下属持有的、由债务人控制的空壳公司；(ii) 以来自其他由债务人控制实体的现金购置的资产，及/或无偿转让给或在空壳实体之间转让的资产；以及 (iii) 债务人从该等资产中获益，并对该等资产拥有控制权和支配权。\n\nC. 债务人为阻碍、拖延及/或欺诈债权人所实施的行为\n\n16. 除受托人对抗程序中处理的事项外，破产法院还认定，债务人是 Ace Decade Limited（艾斯十年有限公司）（并通过该公司，是 Dawn State Limited（曙光州有限公司））的受益所有人，且债务人控制并利用了 Ace Decade Limited 的名义股东 Yvette Wang（王悦）。[6]\n\n17. 破产法院还认定，“G Entities”（G 实体）（Gettr、G Fashion、G Music、GClubs、GNews 和 GEdu）、New Federal State of China（新中国联邦）和 Rule of Law Foundation（法治基金会），以及其他声称独立的实体和组织，均受债务人控制\n\n5. 其中包括以下对抗程序：(i) Luc A. Despins（Luc A. Despins），Chapter 11 Trustee（第 11 章受托人）v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC（HK International Funds Investments（USA）Limited, LLC）等案 [对抗程序案号 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC（Greenwich Land LLC）等案 [对抗程序案号 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo（梅果）案 [对抗程序案号 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc.（HCHK Technologies, Inc.）等案 [对抗程序案号 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC（金牛基金有限责任公司）等案 [对抗程序案号 23-05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited [对抗程序案号 23-05018]；以及 (vii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC 等案 [对抗程序案号 23-05023]。\n\n6. Order Granting Motion to Hold Debtor in Contempt of Corporate Governance Order（准许认定债务人藐视公司治理命令之动议的命令），¶¶ 1, 4 (Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372（“Corp. Governance Contempt Order”）)。\n\n由债务人控制，[7] 由债务人领导[8]，及/或“服务于……债务人的目的，并作为债务人的商业工具”。[9]\n\n18. 在申请日之前，United States District Court for the Southern District of New York（美国纽约南区联邦地区法院）的 Liman 法官认定，Eastern Profit Corporation Limited（东方利润有限公司）这一实体在转让给债务人的女儿之前最初由债务人的一名厨师拥有，实质上是债务人的“一家空壳公司”。[10]\n\n19. 债务人不遗余力地阻碍和拖延其最大债权人之一，即 Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P.（太平洋联盟亚洲机会基金有限合伙企业）（“PAX”）的追偿工作。2017 年，PAX 在 Supreme Court of the State of New York（纽约州最高法院）（“New York Court”）提起针对债务人的诉讼，案号 652077/2017（“PAX Case”），请求就所欠款项作出判决。2021 年 2 月 3 日，PAX 自纽约州法院取得针对债务人的判决，金额为 $116,402,019.57（“PAX Judgment”）。PAX 试图通过扣押债务人的资产来执行 PAX 判决——包括 Lady May（梅夫人号），债务人虚假声称该游艇由其女儿所有；以及债务人在曼哈顿的豪华公寓，债务人虚假声称该公寓为其儿子以信托形式持有。债务人在判决后程序中违抗纽约州法院命令，最终导致其被处以 $134 million 的藐视法庭罚款。\n\n7. Corrected Memorandum of Decision Granting in Part Motion for Preliminary Injunction（部分准许初步禁令动议的更正决定备忘录），¶ 3（对抗程序案号 22-05032，January 13, 2023（“The Debtor also controls Saraca Media Group（萨拉卡媒体集团） and a related entity ‘GTV’（GTV）”）。\n\n8. 同上，¶ 7（“The Debtor is the leader of The Whistleblower Movement（爆料革命）, NFSC（新中国联邦）, ROLF（法治基金会） and Himalaya（喜马拉雅）.”）。\n\n9. 同上。（“The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF, GSeries（G 系列）, and Himalaya serve the purposes of the Debtor, serve as business vehicles for the Debtor, and their members are personally loyal to the Debtor.”）。\n\n10. Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at *1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n20. 债务人还将其另我，包括 Golden Spring、Greenwich Land 和 Lamp Capital，当作个人小金库，用以资助其本人及其家人已习惯的奢华生活方式，同时将资产隐匿于这些另我之中以避开其债权人，并阻碍和拖延债权人就其债权获得追偿。债务人通过这些另我实施的转让延续了债务人的欺诈计划。\n\n21. 债务人已在破产法院作证称，其资产不足以偿付其负债，且其奢华生活方式由其家人通过名义上由家庭成员持有的企业予以资助。[11] 债务人仅在其财产清单中列示 $3,850 的资产。[12]\n\n22. 2023 年 3 月，债务人被捕，并仍因包括电信欺诈、证券欺诈和洗钱在内的联邦刑事指控而被羁押候审。\n\n23. 美国政府在针对债务人的刑事起诉书中主张，债务人及其共同被告“利用以至少 80 个不同实体或个人名义持有的约 500 多个账户，洗白超过 $1 billion 的欺诈所得”。[13]\n\n24. 债务人另我的财产，包括 Golden Spring、Greenwich Land 和 Lamp Capital 的财产，在申请日之前的任何时候均为债务人的财产。\n\n11. Hearing on Debtor's Motion for Entry of Interim and Final DIP Orders (I) Authorizing the Debtor to Obtain Unsecured, Subordinated Postpetition Financing and (II) Scheduling Interim and Final Hearings, and (III) Granting Related Relief（关于债务人申请作出临时及最终 DIP 命令的听证会：(I) 授权债务人取得无担保、次级的申请后融资；(II) 安排临时及最终听证会；以及 (III) 给予相关救济）（主案，April 27, 2022）\n\n12. 见注释 3\n\n13. 见 Memorandum of Law of the United States of America in Opposition to Defendant Yanping Wang's Motion for Pretrial Release（美利坚合众国反对被告 Yanping Wang（王雁平）审前释放动议的法律备忘录）第 29 页，作为 Exhibit B（附件 B）附于 Chapter 11 Trustee（第 11 章受托人）就 G Club Operations LLC（G Club Operations LLC）对受托人强制履行动议及相关救济请求提出的补充异议所作答复（June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934）。\n\n25. 在与本案相关的所有期间内，债务人在 New York, New York（纽约州纽约市）开展业务，包括指挥本案所定义的转让。\n\nD. 为阻碍、拖延或欺诈债权人而作出的转让\n\n26. 本起诉状所涉转让，均通过债务人的另我空壳公司作为债务人空壳把戏的一部分而作出，因此具有阻碍、拖延及/或欺诈债务人债权人的意图。\n\n27. 债务人故意以此方式安排其财务事务，以便隐匿和耗散数百万美元的资产，同时向其众多债权人虚假声称其身无分文。债务人声称自己一贫如洗，同时却大量支出，以维持其本人、其家庭成员及密切关联人的亿万富翁生活方式。\n\n28. 债务人隐匿和耗散的资产包括其从加密货币、证券及其他欺诈计划的受害人处获得的资金。由于该等行为，债务人在 United States District Court for the Southern District of New York（美国纽约南区联邦地区法院）待决的一宗刑事案件中，面临多项重罪欺诈、洗钱及敲诈勒索指控。见 United States v. Ho Wan Kwok（美利坚合众国诉 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）案），案号 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.)。\n\n29. 债务人明知并意图通过以此方式隐匿和耗散其资产，将不会有足够的剩余资产可用于偿还其债权人——包括其欺诈行为的众多受害人。因此，这些转让必然是以阻碍、拖延及/或欺诈债务人债权人的意图作出的。\n\nE. 调查及向被告作出的转让\n\n30. 在申请日之前，债务人利用其另我空壳公司 Golden Spring、Greenwich Land 和 Lamp Capital，或以其他方式，将债务人的财产转让给被告（统称“Transfers”），包括但不限于如下：\n\n见随附并构成本文件一部分的附表 A。\n\n31. 在作出转让时，债务人对债务人破产财产的债权人负有未清偿债务。\n\n32. 被告是该等转让的初始受让人。\n\n第一项诉请\n\n（根据《破产法典》第 548(a)(1)(A) 条和第 550(a) 条撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让之请求）\n\n33. 受托人重申并再次主张第 1 至 32 段所载指控，如同在本文中完整列明。\n\n34. 债务人通过其另我 Golden Spring、Greenwich Land 和 Lamp Capital 作出该等转让，具有阻碍、拖延及/或欺诈其债权人的实际意图。\n\n35. 债务人在实施该等转让时具有阻碍、拖延及/或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，表明于：\n\na. 该等转让系利用另我空壳公司实施；\n\nb. 该等转让对债务人的债权人予以隐瞒；\n\nc. 该等转让是债务人“空壳把戏”的一部分，债务人在其控制的家庭成员及其他亲信和下属的协助下实施该等转让，意图隐匿和保护资产；\n\nd. 该等转让通过使债务人得以从其欺诈行为中获益，而不使其财产受其债权人追索，进一步促成了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 该等转让通过使债务人得以从其欺诈行为中获利，而不使其财产受其债权人追索，进一步促成了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在作出该等转让时，债务人正遭受诉讼，包括 PAX 在 PAX Case 中提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在作出该等转让时，债务人无力偿债或资本不足。\n\n36. 该等转让可由受托人根据《破产法典》第 548(a)(i)(A) 条撤销，并可根据《破产法典》第 550(a) 条追回。\n\n第二项诉请\n\n（根据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law 第 273、274 和 276 条，以及《破产法典》第 544(b) 条和第 550(a) 条撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让之请求）\n\n37. 受托人重申并再次主张第 1 至 32 段所载指控，如同在本文中完整列明。\n\n38. 债务人通过其另我 Golden Spring、Greenwich Land 和 Lamp Capital 作出该等转让，具有阻碍、拖延及/或欺诈其债权人的实际意图。\n\n39. 债务人在实施该等转让时具有阻碍、拖延及/或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，表明于：\n\na. 该等转让系利用另我空壳公司实施；\n\nb. 该等转让对债务人的债权人予以隐瞒；\n\nc. 该等转让是债务人“空壳把戏”的一部分，债务人在其控制的家庭成员及其他亲信和下属的协助下实施该等转让，意图隐匿和保护资产；\n\nd. 该等转让通过使债务人得以从其欺诈中获益而不使其财产受到债权人追索，推进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 该等转让通过使债务人得以从其欺诈中获利而不使其财产受到债权人追索，推进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在该等转让发生时，债务人正被起诉，包括被 PAX（PAX）在 PAX 案件中起诉；以及\n\ng. 在该等转让发生时，债务人已资不抵债或资本不足。\n\n40. 根据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276，以及 Bankruptcy Code section 544(b)，受托人可撤销该等转让；并可根据 Bankruptcy Code section 550(a) 追回该等转让。\n\n[本页剩余部分故意留白]\n\n救济请求\n\n因此，基于前述理由，受托人谨请求作出如下判决：\n\n1. 就第一项请求：（a）作出命令，宣告金额不低于 \\$204,884.52 的该等转让根据 Bankruptcy Code section 548(a)(1)(A) 被撤销；（b）作出命令，指示撤销该等转让；以及（c）根据 Bankruptcy Code section 550(a)(1)，为债务人财产利益，从被告处追回该等转让，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n2. 就第二项请求：（a）作出命令，宣告金额不低于 \\$204,884.52 的该等转让根据 Bankruptcy Code section 544(b) 和 N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276 被撤销；（b）作出命令，指示撤销该等转让；以及（c）根据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law section 276 和 Bankruptcy Code section 550(a)(1)，为债务人财产利益，从被告处追回该等转让，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n3. 向受托人裁定自本起诉状提交之日起至本案判决之日止，按最高法定利率计算的判决前利息；以及\n\n4. 法院在此情形下认为公正、适当或合乎衡平的其他及进一步救济。\n\n[本页剩余部分故意留白]\n\n日期：February 10, 2024　New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（吕克·A·德斯平斯）\n第 11 章受托人\n\n签字人：/s/ Patrick R. Linsey\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡）(ct00616)\nPatrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）(ct29437)\nNEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.（纽伯特、佩佩与蒙蒂斯专业公司）\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor\nNew Haven, Connecticut 06510\n(203) 781-2847\n[dskalka@npmlaw.com]\n[plinsey@npmlaw.com]\n第 11 章受托人代理律师\n\n附件 A\n\n密封提交","key_entities":["Despins","Kwok","Je","Ho Wan Kwok","Guo","Himalaya","Miles Guo","Yanping Wang","HCHK","GTV","Saraca","GETTR","Paul Hastings","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[{"doc_number":215,"court":"CTB"}],"word_count":4538,"status":"published","published_at":null,"created_at":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-23 19:42:19"}