{"id":"court_ctb_2650_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":2650,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":null,"title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse) | | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | |\n|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS | DEFENDANTS | | | |\n| Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee | | 270 W. 39th St. CO., LLC | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.) | ATTORNEYS
(If Known) | | | |\n| Douglas S. Skalka, Patrick R. Linsey
Neubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.
195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510
(203)781-2847 | | | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only) | | PARTY (Check One Box Only) | | |\n| □ Debtor
□ U.S.
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin | □ Debtor
□ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin | | | |\n| □ Creditor
□ Other | □ Creditor | □ Other | | |\n| □ Trustee | □ Trustee | | | |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION
(WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED) | | | | |\n| Complaint of Chapter 11 Trustee seeking avoidance and recovery of postpetition transfers and
related relief pursuant to Bankruptcy Code Section 549 and 550 | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| NATURE OF SUIT
(Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property | | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued) | | |\n| □
11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property
□ | □ | 61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support | | |\n| 12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference
□ | □
68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury
□ | | | |\n| 13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
□ | 63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan
□ | | | |\n| 14-Recovery of money/property - other | | 64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation
(other than domestic support) | | |\n| FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
□
21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property | □ | 65-Dischargeability - other | | |\n| FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property | □ | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief | | |\n| □
31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h) | 71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay
□ | | | |\n| | | 72-Injunctive relief – other | | |\n| FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge
□
41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e) | □ | FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest
81-Subordination of claim or interest | | |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation | | | | |\n| □
51-Revocation of confirmation | □ | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment
91-Declaratory judgment | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability
□
66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims | □ | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action
01-Determination of removed claim or cause | | |\n| □
62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation, | | | | |\n| actual fraud | Other | | | |\n| □
67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny | □
□ | SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq. | | |\n| (continued next column) | | 02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court
if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | |\n| □ Check if this case involves a substantive issue of state law | | □ Check if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23 | | |\n| □ Check if a jury trial is demanded in complaint | Demand \\$ | | | |\n| Other Relief Sought | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n\n**B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------|------------------|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR | | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO. | | |\n| Ho Wan Kwok | | 22-50073 (JAM) | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| Connecticut | | Bridgeport | Julie A. Manning | |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFF | DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY | |\n| | | | PROCEEDING NO. | |\n| | | | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| | | | | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| /s/ Patrick R. Linsey | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| DATE
February 10, 2024 | | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | |\n| | | Patrick R. Linsey | | |\n| | | | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n## **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n| -----------------------------------------------------------
x | |\n|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------|\n| :
In re:
: | Chapter 11 |\n| :
1
HO WAN KWOK,
et al.,
: | Case No. 22-50073 (JAM) |\n| :
Debtors.
:
:
-----------------------------------------------------------
x | (Jointly Administered) |\n| :
LUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11
:
TRUSTEE,
:
:
Plaintiff,
:
v.
: | Adv. Proceeding No. [ ] |\n| :
: | February 10, 2024 |\n| :
270 W. 39TH ST. CO., LLC,
: | |\n| :
Defendant.
:
x
----------------------------------------------------------- | |\n\n## **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF POSTPETITION TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 549 AND 550**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the\n\nchapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this\n\n1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\nadversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant 270 W. 39th St. Co., LLC (the \"Defendant\"), stating as follows:\n\n### **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding to avoid and recover transfers of property of the Debtor's estate perpetrated by the Debtor after the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case and not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or under Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\").\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter ego shell company, Lexington Property and Staffing Inc. (\"Lexington\"), transferred funds in the amount of \\$290,000.00 after the Petition Date (as defined herein) to the Defendant as initial transferee.\n\n3. Because these postpetition transfers of estate property were not authorized by the Court or under the Bankruptcy Code, they are subject to avoidance and recovery under sections 549 and 550 of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n## **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b).\n\n5. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(a).\n\n6. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include 11 U.S.C. §§ 549 and 550.\n\n2\n\n## **THE PARTIES**\n\n7. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n8. The Defendant is a New York limited liability company with an address at 216 Lagoon Drive W, Lido Beach, New York 11561.\n\n## **FACTS**\n\n### **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n9. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the Bankruptcy Code on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Court\" or \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the above-captioned chapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\").\n\n10. On March 21, 2022, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n11. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities.2 While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and/or transferred through his many alter ego shell companies, including Lexington.\n\n12. On June 15, 2022, the Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11 trustee in the\n\n2 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 (Main Case, Docket No. 78).\n\nChapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the Trustee. On July 8, 2022, the Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n### **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n13. Lexington is among the numerous alter ego shell companies used by the Debtor to defraud his creditors.3 For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members and subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use, spend, and transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets while concealing his property from creditors.\n\n14. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell companies were his alter egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief.4\n\n15. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from\n\n3 Default has entered against Lexington in the adversary proceeding *Despins v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et. al.* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5013 (the \"HCHK Entities A.P.\"), Docket No. 139), which adversary proceeding seeks, among other things, a declaratory judgment that Lexington was the alter ego of the Debtor. The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the HCHK Entities A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23- 5013, Docket No. 1).\n\n4 These include the following adversary proceedings: (i) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]; (vi) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited [Adv. Proc. 23- 05018]; and (vii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. 23-05023].\n\nother Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n16. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including Lexington, as personal piggy-banks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries on their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos perpetuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme. The property of these alter egos, including Lexington, was at all times property of the Debtor.\n\n### **C. Debtor's Shell Game and Fraud Continues Postpetition**\n\n17. As of the Petition Date, all of the Debtor's property held through his alter egos, including Lexington, became property of the chapter 11 estate. *See* 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1).\n\n18. Following the Petition Date, the Debtor, with blatant disregard for the Bankruptcy Court and his obligations under the Bankruptcy Code, continued to effectuate transfers through numerous alter ego shell companies, including, without limitation, Lexington.\n\n19. None of these postpetition transfers were authorized by the Bankruptcy Court nor were such transfers authorized under the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **D. Transfers to the Defendant**\n\n20. Subsequent to the Petition Date, the Debtor, through shell companies including Lexington, or otherwise, transferred property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate to the Defendant (collectively, the \"Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n21. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of the Debtor's estate.\n\n22. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfers.\n\n## **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n## **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Unauthorized Postpetition Transfers pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 549 and 550(a))**\n\n23. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-22 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n24. The Transfers were made to the Defendant by the Debtor, including through his alter ego shell company, Lexington.\n\n25. The Transfers occurred after the Petition Date.\n\n26. The Transfers were not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or by the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n27. The Transfers constituted the unauthorized transfer of property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate.\n\n28. The Transfers are avoidable pursuant to section 549(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n29. Pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code, the Trustee is entitled to recover the Transfers, or the value thereof, from the Defendant plus interest thereon to the date of payment and the costs of this action.\n\n*[THE REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK.]*\n\n## **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. An order (a) declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$290,000.00 are avoided pursuant to section 549 of the Bankruptcy Code; and (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n3. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n[*Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank*]\n\nDated: February 10, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: */s/ Patrick R. Linsey* Douglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 dskalka@npmlaw.com plinsey@npmlaw.com *Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\n# **SCHEDULE A**\n\n# **FILED UNDER SEAL**","body_zh":"B1040（FORM 1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗程序封面表\n（背面附有说明） 对抗程序编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n原告 被告\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），Chapter 11 Trustee（第11章受托人） 270 W. 39th St. CO., LLC（西39街270号公司，有限责任公司）\n律师（律所名称、地址及电话号码） 律师\n（如知悉）\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡），Patrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）\nNeubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.（纽伯特、佩佩与蒙泰斯律师事务所，专业公司）\n195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510\n(203)781-2847\n当事人（仅勾选一项） 当事人（仅勾选一项）\n□ 债务人\n□ U.S.\nTrustee/Bankruptcy Admin（美国受托人/破产管理人） □ 债务人\n□ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy\nAdmin（美国受托人/破产管理人）\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他 □ 债权人 □ 其他\n□ 受托人 □ 受托人\n诉因\n（简要陈述诉因，包括所涉全部美国法条）\nChapter 11 Trustee（第11章受托人）依据《破产法典》第549条和第550条寻求撤销及追回\n申请日后转让并请求相关救济的起诉状\n\n诉讼性质\n（从主要诉因作为1开始，第一项备选诉因作为2，第二项备选诉因作为3，依此类推，最多编号五（5）项）\nFRBP 7001(1) – 金钱/财产追回 FRBP 7001(6) – 可免除性（续）\n□\n11-金钱/财产追回 - §542 财产返还\n□ □ 61-可免除性 - §523(a)(5)，家庭扶养\n12-金钱/财产追回 - §547 优先受偿\n□ □\n68-可免除性 - §523(a)(6)，故意及恶意损害\n□\n13-金钱/财产追回 - §548 欺诈性转让\n□ 63-可免除性 - §523(a)(8)，学生贷款\n□\n14-金钱/财产追回 - 其他 64-可免除性 - §523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\n（家庭扶养义务除外）\nFRBP 7001(2) – 留置权的有效性、优先权或范围\n□\n21-留置权或其他财产权益的有效性、优先权或范围 □ 65-可免除性 - 其他\nFRBP 7001(3) – 批准出售财产 □ FRBP 7001(7) – 禁令救济\n□\n31-批准出售破产财团财产及共同所有人财产 - §363(h) 71-禁令救济 – 实施中止\n□\n72-禁令救济 – 其他\nFRBP 7001(4) – 对免除债务提出异议/撤销免除\n□\n41-对免除债务提出异议/撤销免除 - §727(c),(d),(e) □ FRBP 7001(8) 债权或权益的劣后\n81-债权或权益的劣后\nFRBP 7001(5) – 撤销确认\n□\n51-撤销确认 □ FRBP 7001(9) 确认之诉\n91-确认之诉\nFRBP 7001(6) – 可免除性\n□\n66-可免除性 - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税款债权 □ FRBP 7001(10) 对移送诉讼的裁定\n01-对移送债权或诉因的裁定\n□\n62-可免除性 - §523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述、\n实际欺诈 其他\n□\n67-可免除性 - §523(a)(4)，作为受托人的欺诈、侵占、盗窃 □\n□ SS-SIPA案件 – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\n（续下一栏） 02-其他（例如：如与破产案件无关本应在州法院提起的其他诉讼）\n□ 如本案涉及州法实体性争议，请勾选 □ 如主张本案为根据FRCP 23提起的集体诉讼，请勾选\n□ 如起诉状中请求陪审团审判，请勾选 请求金额 $\n请求的其他救济\n\nB1040（FORM 1040）（12/15）\n\n本对抗程序所由产生的破产案件\n\n债务人姓名 破产案件编号\nHo Wan Kwok（郭文贵） 22-50073 (JAM)\n案件待决地区 分部办事处 法官姓名\nConnecticut（康涅狄格州） Bridgeport（布里奇波特） Julie A. Manning（朱莉·A·曼宁）\n相关对抗程序（如有）\n原告 被告 对抗\n程序编号\n\n对抗程序待决地区 分部办事处 法官姓名\n\n律师（或原告）签名\n\n/s/ Patrick R. Linsey\n\n日期\nFebruary 10, 2024 律师（或原告）姓名正楷\nPatrick R. Linsey\n\n说明\n\n提交破产案件即在破产法院管辖下设立“破产财团”，其中包括债务人的全部财产，无论该等财产位于何处。由于破产财团范围广泛且法院管辖权宽泛，可能就破产财团的财产或财产权产生诉讼。也可能存在关于债务人债务免除的诉讼。如该等诉讼在破产法院提起，则称为对抗程序。\n\n提起对抗程序的一方还必须填写并提交Form 1040，即《对抗程序封面表》，除非该方通过法院的案件管理/电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提交对抗程序。（CM/ECF在提交过程中获取Form 1040中的信息。）填写完成后，封面表概述对抗程序的基本信息。法院书记员需要该等信息以处理对抗程序并编制所需的法院活动统计报告。\n\n封面表及其所载信息并不替代或补充法律、《破产规则》或法院地方法规要求提交和送达的诉状或其他文件。封面表大体上不言自明，必须由原告律师填写（如原告未由律师代理，则由原告填写）。每份提交的起诉状均须向书记员单独提交一份封面表。\n\n原告和被告。应准确填写原告和被告在起诉状中所示的姓名。\n\n律师。如知悉，应填写律师的姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。应在第一栏为原告勾选最适当的方框，并在第二栏为被告勾选最适当的方框。\n\n请求金额。填写起诉状中所请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面表必须由记录在案的律师在表格第二页的方框内签署。如原告由律师事务所代理，该律师事务所的一名成员必须签署。如原告自行诉讼，即未由律师代理，则原告必须签署。\nUNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT（美国破产法院）DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT（康涅狄格州联邦地区）BRIDGEPORT DIVISION（布里奇波特分部）\n\nx\n\n关于：\n: 第11章\n:\n\nHO WAN KWOK（郭文贵），\n等，\n: 案件编号 22-50073 (JAM)\n:\n债务人。\n\nx （合并管理）\n:\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯），CHAPTER 11\n:\nTRUSTEE（第11章受托人），\n:\n:\n原告，\n:\n诉\n: 对抗程序编号 [ ]\n:\n: February 10, 2024\n:\n270 W. 39TH ST. CO., LLC（西39街270号公司，有限责任公司），\n\n被告。\n:\nx\n\n第11章受托人依据《破产法典》第549条和第550条寻求撤销及追回申请日后转让并请求相关救济的起诉状\n\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）以其获委任担任Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）的第11章案件（“第11章案件”）中第11章受托人（“受托人”）的身份，提交本\n\n1 本第11章案件中的债务人为Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（亦称Guo Wengui、Miles Guo和Miles Kwok，以及其他众多别名）（税务识别号码后四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（Genever控股有限责任公司）（税务识别号码后四位：8202）及Genever Holdings Corporation（Genever控股公司）。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC及Genever Holdings Corporation的邮寄地址为Paul Hastings LLP（普衡律师事务所），200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，转交Luc A. Despins，作为Ho Wan Kwok破产财团的受托人（仅为通知和通信之目的）。\n\n对抗起诉状（“起诉状”），针对被告270 W. 39th St. Co., LLC（“被告”）陈述如下：\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人提起本对抗程序，以撤销并追回债务人在本第11章案件开始后实施的、未经破产法院或《美国法典》第11编（“破产法典”）授权的债务人破产财团财产转让。\n\n2. 债务人通过其替身空壳公司Lexington Property and Staffing Inc.（列克星敦地产与人力公司）（“Lexington”），在申请日后（定义见下文）向作为初始受让人的被告转让了金额为$290,000.00的资金。\n\n3. 由于该等破产财团财产的申请日后转让未经法院或《破产法典》授权，因此可根据《破产法典》第549条和第550条予以撤销和追回。\n管辖权和审判地\n\n4. 本法院根据28 U.S.C. § 1334(b)对本对抗程序具有事项管辖权。\n\n5. 本对抗程序已根据28 U.S.C. § 157(a)移交本法院审理。\n\n6. 本文所请求救济的法定依据包括11 U.S.C. §§ 549和550。\n\n当事人\n\n7. 受托人是第11章案件中的第11章受托人，依据破产法院于July 8, 2022作出的命令[Case No. 22-50073（“主案件”）Docket No. 523]。\n\n8. 被告是一家纽约有限责任公司，地址为216 Lagoon Drive W, Lido Beach, New York 11561。\n事实\nA. 第11章案件\n\n9. 债务人于February 15, 2022在United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut（康涅狄格州联邦地区美国破产法院）（“法院”或“破产法院”）根据《破产法典》第11编第11章自愿提交救济申请（“申请日”），从而启动了上述标题所列第11章案件（“第11章案件”）。\n\n10. 于March 21, 2022，Office of the United States Trustee（美国受托人办公室）在本第11章案件中指定了无担保债权人官方委员会。尚未指定审查员。\n\n11. 债务人于March 2022向破产法院提交的破产财产清单声称其拥有$3,850资产，并负有数亿美元债务。2 虽然债务人的确深陷债务，但其财产清单未披露由其众多替身空壳公司（包括Lexington）持有和/或转移的债务人财产。\n\n12. 于June 15, 2022，法院作出决定备忘录和命令[主案件Docket No. 465]，指示美国受托人在\n\n2 资产和负债清单，第1页（主案件，Docket No. 78）。\n\n第11章案件中指定一名第11章受托人。根据该命令，美国受托人选定Luc A. Despins为受托人。于July 8, 2022，法院作出命令，批准委任Luc A. Despins担任第11章案件的受托人[主案件Docket No. 523]。\nB. 债务人对空壳公司的使用及受托人的对抗程序\n\n13. Lexington是债务人用于欺诈其债权人的众多替身空壳公司之一。3 多年来，债务人一直策划一场“空壳游戏”，利用由家庭成员和下属名义持有、但实际上由债务人控制的错综复杂空壳公司网络。该空壳游戏使债务人能够使用、花费和转移数百万美元现金及其他资产，同时向债权人隐匿其财产。\n\n14. 自获委任以来，受托人已在第11章案件中提起多项对抗程序，以在其他事项中确认债务人的空壳公司系其替身，和/或该等公司及其资产在衡平法上归债务人所有；在其中若干案件中，破产法院已准予该等救济。4\n\n15. 该等诉讼中的事实模式一贯包括：(i) 由债务人控制、由近亲和/或下属持有的空壳公司，(ii) 使用来自\n\n3 在对抗程序Despins v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et. al.（Adv. Proc. No. 23-5013（“HCHK Entities A.P.”），Docket No. 139）中，已对Lexington作出缺席裁判；该对抗程序除其他事项外，寻求确认Lexington为债务人的替身的确认判决。受托人通过引用并入本文其在HCHK Entities A.P.中提交的受托人起诉状（Adv. Proc. No. 23-5013，Docket No. 1）。\n\n4 这些对抗程序包括以下案件：(i) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），Chapter 11 Trustee（第11章受托人）诉 HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC（HK国际基金投资〈美国〉有限公司）等 [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 Greenwich Land LLC（格林尼治土地有限责任公司）等 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 Mei Guo（梅国）[Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 HCHK Technologies, Inc.（HCHK科技公司）等 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 Taurus Fund LLC（金牛基金有限责任公司）等 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 Golden Spring (New York) Limited（金泉〈纽约〉有限公司）[Adv. Proc. No. 23-05018]；以及 (vii) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 Lamp Capital LLC（蓝普资本有限责任公司）等 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05023]。\n\n其他由债务人控制的实体和/或在空壳实体之间无对价转移，以及 (iii) 债务人从该等资产中受益并对其拥有控制和支配权。\n\n16. 债务人还将其替身实体，包括 Lexington（莱克星顿），用作个人钱袋，在向其债权人隐匿该等替身实体中的资产，并阻碍和拖延债权人就其债权获得清偿的同时，为其本人及其家人已习惯的奢侈生活方式提供资金。债务人通过该等替身实体实施的转移延续了债务人的欺诈方案。该等替身实体的财产，包括莱克星顿，始终属于债务人的财产。\n\nC. 债务人的空壳游戏和欺诈在申请破产后仍在继续\n\n17. 截至申请日，债务人通过其替身实体持有的全部财产，包括莱克星顿，均成为第11章破产财产的一部分。见 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1)。\n\n18. 在申请日之后，债务人公然无视 Bankruptcy Court（破产法院）及其在 Bankruptcy Code（破产法）项下的义务，继续通过众多替身空壳公司实施转移，包括但不限于莱克星顿。\n\n19. 该等申请破产后的转移均未经破产法院授权，该等转移亦未获破产法授权。\n\nD. 向被告的转移\n\n20. 在申请日之后，债务人通过包括莱克星顿在内的空壳公司，或以其他方式，向被告转移了债务人第11章破产财产的财产（统称“该等转移”），包括但不限于如下：\n\n见随附并构成本文件一部分的附表A。\n\n21. 在该等转移发生时，债务人对债务人破产财产的债权人负有未清偿债务。\n\n22. 被告是该等转移的初始受让人。\n\n第一项请求\n（根据破产法第549条和第550(a)条请求撤销并追回未经授权的申请破产后转移）\n\n23. 受托人重述并再次主张第1至22段所载指控，如同在此全文载明。\n\n24. 债务人向被告作出了该等转移，包括通过其替身空壳公司莱克星顿作出该等转移。\n\n25. 该等转移发生于申请日之后。\n\n26. 该等转移未经破产法院或破产法授权。\n\n27. 该等转移构成对债务人第11章破产财产财产的未经授权转移。\n\n28. 根据破产法第549(a)条，该等转移可被撤销。\n\n29. 根据破产法第550(a)条，受托人有权向被告追回该等转移，或其价值，外加截至付款日的利息及本诉讼费用。\n\n[本页其余部分特意留白。]\n\n救济请求\n\n因此，基于上述理由，受托人谨请求作出如下判决：\n\n1. 一项命令，(a) 宣告金额不少于 $290,000.00 的该等转移根据破产法第549条予以撤销；以及 (b) 一项命令，责令撤销该等转移；以及 (c) 根据破产法第550(a)(1)条，为债务人破产财产的利益，向被告追回该等转移，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n2. 向受托人裁定自本起诉状提交之日起至本案判决之日止按最高法定利率计算的判决前利息；以及\n\n3. 法院在此情形下可能认为公正、适当或符合衡平原则的其他及进一步救济。\n\n[本页其余部分特意留白]\n\n日期：February 10, 2024\nNew Haven, CT（康涅狄格州纽黑文）\n\nLUC A. DESPINS\nCHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\n代理人：/s/ Patrick R. Linsey\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡）(ct00616)\nPatrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）(ct29437)\nNEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.（诺伯特、佩佩及蒙蒂斯律师事务所）\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor\nNew Haven, Connecticut 06510\n(203) 781-2847\ndskalka@npmlaw.com\nplinsey@npmlaw.com\n第11章受托人代理律师\n\n附表A\n\n密封提交","key_entities":["Despins","Kwok","Ho Wan Kwok","Je","HCHK","Guo","Miles Guo","Paul Hastings","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[],"word_count":2892,"status":"published","published_at":null,"created_at":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-23 18:31:50"}