{"id":"court_ctb_2658_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":2658,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":null,"title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET<br>(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET<br>(Instructions on Reverse)                                                                                                                                                                         |                                                                     | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER<br>(Court Use Only)                          |  |  |  |\n|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS                                                                                                                                                                                                                            | DEFENDANTS                                                          |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee                                                                                                                                                                                                    | DJD Creative LLC                                                    |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.)                                                                                                                                                                                     | ATTORNEYS<br>(If Known)                                             |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| Douglas S. Skalka, Patrick R. Linsey<br>Neubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.<br>195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510<br>(203)781-2847                                                                                              |                                                                     |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only)                                                                                                                                                                                                            |                                                                     | PARTY (Check One Box Only)                                               |  |  |  |\n| □ Debtor<br>□ U.S.<br>Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin                                                                                                                                                                                        | □ Debtor<br>□ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy<br>Admin                      |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| □ Creditor<br>□ Other                                                                                                                                                                                                                 | □ Creditor<br>□ Other                                               |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| □ Trustee                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | □ Trustee                                                           |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION<br>(WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED)                                                                                                                                 |                                                                     |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| Complaint of Chapter 11 Trustee seeking avoidance and recovery of fraudulent transfers and<br>related relief pursuant to Bankruptcy Code Sections 544,548, and 550 and New York Debtor and Creditor<br>Law Sections 273, 274, and 276 |                                                                     |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| NATURE OF SUIT                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |                                                                     |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| (Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.)                                                                                              |                                                                     |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property                                                                                                                                                                                             |                                                                     | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued)                              |  |  |  |\n| □<br>11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property                                                                                                                                                                        | □<br>61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support             |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| □<br>12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference                                                                                                                                                                                  | □<br>68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| □<br>13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer<br>□                                                                                                                                                                    | □<br>63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan<br>□            |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| 14-Recovery of money/property - other                                                                                                                                                                                                 | 64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien<br>□<br>21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property                                                                                                     | (other than domestic support)<br>□<br>65-Dischargeability - other   |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n|                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief                                    |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property<br>□                                                                                                                                                                                      | □<br>71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay                      |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| 31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h)                                                                                                                                                                 | □                                                                   | 72-Injunctive relief – other                                             |  |  |  |\n| FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge                                                                                                                                                                                      | FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest                     |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| □<br>41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e)                                                                                                                                                                         | □                                                                   | 81-Subordination of claim or interest                                    |  |  |  |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation                                                                                                                                                                                             |                                                                     |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| □<br>51-Revocation of confirmation                                                                                                                                                                                                    | □                                                                   | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment                                        |  |  |  |\n|                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |                                                                     | 91-Declaratory judgment                                                  |  |  |  |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability<br>□                                                                                                                                                                                                  |                                                                     | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action                            |  |  |  |\n| 66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims<br>□                                                                                                                                                                  | □<br>01-Determination of removed claim or cause                     |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| 62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation,<br>actual fraud                                                                                                                                              |                                                                     |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| □<br>67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny                                                                                                                                                      | Other<br>□<br>SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.              |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n|                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       | □                                                                   | 02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court |  |  |  |\n| (continued next column)                                                                                                                                                                                                               |                                                                     | if unrelated to bankruptcy case)                                         |  |  |  |\n| □ Check if this case involves a substantive issue of state law                                                                                                                                                                        |                                                                     | □ Check if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23           |  |  |  |\n| □ Check if a jury trial is demanded in complaint                                                                                                                                                                                      | Demand \\$                                                           |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n| Other Relief Sought                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |                                                                     |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n|                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |                                                                     |                                                                          |  |  |  |\n\n**B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES |           |                                       |                             |  |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------|-----------------------------|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR                                            |           | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO.                   |                             |  |\n| Ho Wan Kwok                                               |           | 22-50073 (JAM)                        |                             |  |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING                         |           | DIVISION OFFICE                       | NAME OF JUDGE               |  |\n| Connecticut                                               |           | Bridgeport                            | Julie A. Manning            |  |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY)                     |           |                                       |                             |  |\n| PLAINTIFF                                                 | DEFENDANT |                                       | ADVERSARY<br>PROCEEDING NO. |  |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING                    |           | DIVISION OFFICE                       | NAME OF JUDGE               |  |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF)                      |           |                                       |                             |  |\n| DATE                                                      |           | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) |                             |  |\n| February 10, 2024                                         |           | Partick R. Linsey                     |                             |  |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n# **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\nIn re:\n\nHO WAN KWOK, *et al*.,[1](#page-2-0)\n\nChapter 11\n\nCase No. 22-50073 (JAM)\n\nDebtors.\n\n(Jointly Administered)\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\nLUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE,\n\nPlaintiff,\n\nAdv. Proceeding No. [ ]\n\nv.\n\nFebruary 10, 2024\n\nDJD CREATIVE LLC,\n\nDefendant.\n\n------------------------------------------------------\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF FRAUDULENT TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 544, 548 AND 550 AND NEW YORK DEBTOR & CREDITOR LAW SECTIONS 273, 274, AND 276**\n\nx\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the\n\nchapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this\n\n<span id=\"page-2-0\"></span> <sup>1</sup> The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\nadversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant DJD Creative LLC (the \"Defendant\"), stating as follows:\n\n### **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding to avoid and recover transfers of the Debtor's property prior to the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case.\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter-ego shell company, HCHK Technologies Inc. (\"HCHK Technologies\"), transferred funds in the amount of \\$150,000.00 prior to the Petition Date (as defined herein) to the Defendant as the initial transferee.\n\n3. These transfers were actually fraudulent, because the Debtor effectuated them as part of his \"shell game,\" and they were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n#### **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b).\n\n5. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(a).\n\n6. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include sections 544, 548 and 550 of Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\") and New York Debtor & Creditor Law sections 273, 274, and 276 [2](#page-3-0) or any other applicable state law equivalents.\n\n### **THE PARTIES**\n\n<span id=\"page-3-0\"></span> <sup>2</sup> All statutory references to New York Debtor and Creditor Law will hereinafter be referred to as \"N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law\". The New York Uniform Voidable Transactions Act (\"NYUVT\") replaced the New York Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act (\"NYUFC\") and became effective on April 4, 2020 and applies to transfers made or obligations incurred on or after April 4, 2020. With respect to transfers prior to April 4, 2020, the Trustee seeks relief in this action under the NYUFC and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 273a, 275, 276 and 278.\n\n7. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n8. The Defendant is a Texas limited liability company with an address and place of residence at 43 Hunnewell Way, Spring, Texas 77382.\n\n#### **FACTS**\n\n#### **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n9. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\") on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the above-captioned chapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\").\n\n10. On March 21, 2022, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n11. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities.[3](#page-4-0) While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and/or transferred through his many alter-ego shell companies, including HCHK Technologies.\n\n12. On June 15, 2022, the Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the\n\n<span id=\"page-4-0\"></span> <sup>3</sup> Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 [Main Case Docket No. 78].\n\nTrustee. On July 8, 2022, the Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n#### **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n13. HCHK Technologies is one of the numerous alter-ego shell companies used by the Debtor to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors.[4](#page-5-0) For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members, lieutenants, and/or subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use and spend and/or transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets.\n\n14. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell companies were his alter-egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief.[5](#page-5-1)\n\n15. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from other Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n<span id=\"page-5-0\"></span> <sup>4</sup> A default has entered against HCHK Technologies in the adversary proceeding *Despins v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et. al* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5013 (the \"HCHK Entities A.P.\"), Docket No. 139), which adversary proceeding seeks, among other things, a declaratory judgment that HCHK is the alter ego of the Debtor. The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the HCHK Entities A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23- 5013, Docket No. 1).\n\n<span id=\"page-5-1\"></span><sup>5</sup> These include the following adversary proceedings: (i) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23- 05017]; (vi) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited* [Adv. Proc. 23-05018]; and (vii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. 23-05023].\n\n#### **C. Debtor's Conduct to Hinder, Delay, and/or Defraud Creditors**\n\n16. In addition to the matters addressed in the Trustee's adversary proceedings, the Bankruptcy Court has found that the Debtor was the beneficial owner of Ace Decade Limited (and through it, Dawn State Limited) and that the Debtor controlled and employed Ace Decade Limited's nominee shareholder, Yvette Wang.[6](#page-6-0)\n\n17. The Bankruptcy Court has also found that the \"G Entities\" (Gettr, G Fashion, G Music, GClubs, GNews and GEdu), the New Federal State of China and the Rule of Law Foundation, as well as other purportedly independent entities and organizations, were controlled by the Debtor,[7](#page-6-1) led by the Debtor[8](#page-6-2) and/or served \"the purposes of… and as business vehicles of\" the Debtor.[9](#page-6-3)\n\n18. Prior to the Petition Date, Judge Liman of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York found that Eastern Profit Corporation Limited, an entity originally owned by one of the Debtor's chefs before its transfer to Debtor's daughter, was \"in essence, a shell corporation\" for the Debtor.[10](#page-6-4)\n\n19. The Debtor has gone to great lengths to hinder and delay the collection efforts of one of his largest creditors, *i.e.*, Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P. (\"PAX\"). In 2017, PAX sued the Debtor in the Supreme Court of the State of New York (the \"New York Court\"),\n\n<span id=\"page-6-0\"></span> <sup>6</sup> *Order Granting Motion to Hold Debtor in Contempt of Corporate Governance Order,* ¶¶ 1, 4 (Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372 (\"Corp. Governance Contempt Order\").\n\n<span id=\"page-6-1\"></span><sup>7</sup> *Corrected Memorandum of Decision Granting in Part Motion for Preliminary Injunction*, ¶ 3 (Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032, January 13, 2023 (\"The Debtor also controls Saraca Media Group and a related entity 'GTV'\").\n\n<span id=\"page-6-2\"></span><sup>8</sup> *Id*. at ¶ 7 (\"The Debtor is the leader of The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF and Himalaya.\").\n\n<span id=\"page-6-3\"></span><sup>9</sup> *Id*. (\"The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF, GSeries, and Himalaya serve the purposes of the Debtor, serve as business vehicles for the Debtor, and their members are personally loyal to the Debtor.\").\n\n<span id=\"page-6-4\"></span><sup>10</sup> *Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC*, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\nIndex No. 652077/2017 (the \"PAX Case\"), seeking judgment for monies owed. On February 3, 2021, PAX obtained a judgment from the New York Court against the Debtor in the sum of \\$116,402,019.57 (the \"PAX Judgment\"). PAX sought to enforce the PAX Judgment by levying the Debtor's assets—including the Lady May, which the Debtor falsely claimed was owned by his daughter, and the Debtor's luxury apartment in Manhattan, which the Debtor falsely claimed was held in trust for the Debtor's son. The Debtor's defiance of New York Court orders in postjudgment proceedings eventually resulted in the Debtor incurring contempt penalties of \\$134 million.\n\n20. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including HCHK Technologies, as personal piggy-banks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries on their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos perpetuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme.\n\n21. The Debtor has testified before the Bankruptcy Court that he has insufficient assets to pay his liabilities and that his luxurious lifestyle is funded by his family through businesses nominally held by family members.[11](#page-7-0) The Debtor scheduled only \\$3,850 in assets.[12](#page-7-1)\n\n22. In March 2023, the Debtor was arrested and remains confined pending his trial on federal criminal charges of, among other things, wire fraud, securities fraud, and money laundering.\n\n<span id=\"page-7-0\"></span> <sup>11</sup> Hearing on Debtor's Motion for Entry of Interim and Final DIP Orders (I) Authorizing the Debtor to Obtain Unsecured, Subordinated Postpetition Financing and (II) Scheduling Interim and Final Hearings, and (III) Granting Related Relief (Main Case, April 27, 2022)\n\n<span id=\"page-7-1\"></span><sup>12</sup> *See* n.3\n\n23. In its criminal indictment of the Debtor, the United States Government asserts that the Debtor and his co-defendants \"utilized more than approximately 500 accounts held in the names of *at least 80 different entities or individuals* to launder more than \\$1 billion in fraud proceeds.\"[13](#page-8-0)\n\n24. The property of the Debtor's alter egos, including HCHK Technologies, was at all times prior to the Petition Date property of the Debtor.\n\n25. At all times relevant herein, the Debtor conducted business in New York, New York, including direction of the Transfers.\n\n### **D. Transfers Made with Intent to Hinder, Delay, or Defraud Creditors**\n\n26. The Transfers at issue in this Complaint were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors inasmuch as they were all made through the Debtor's alterego shell companies operated as a part of the Debtor's shell game.\n\n27. The Debtor intentionally orchestrated his financial affairs in this manner in order to conceal and dissipate millions of dollars in assets while falsely pleading poverty to his many creditors. The Debtor claimed to be destitute while simultaneously spending heavily to maintain a billionaire lifestyle for himself and for his family members and close associates.\n\n28. The assets concealed and dissipated by the Debtor included funds that he obtained from the victims of his cryptocurrency, securities, and other fraud schemes. As a result of this conduct, the Debtor faces multiple felony fraud, money laundering, and racketeering charges in a\n\n<span id=\"page-8-0\"></span> <sup>13</sup> *See* Memorandum of Law of the United States of America in Opposition to Defendant Yanping Wang's Motion for Pretrial Release at 29, attached as Exhibit B in the Reply of Chapter 11 Trustee to G Club Operations LLC's Supplemental Objection to Trustee's Motion to Compel and Request for Related Relief (June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934).\n\ncriminal case pending in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. *See United States v. Ho Wan Kwok*, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.).\n\n29. The Debtor knew and intended that by concealing and dissipating his assets in this manner there would not be sufficient assets remaining to repay his creditors—including the many victims of his frauds. These transfers were thus necessarily made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n30. Even while the Debtor claimed to be penniless to his creditors, he simultaneously used his luxurious lifestyle as a marketing tool to promote his fraudulent schemes. Among the many examples of this strategy was the Debtor's \"Hcoin to the Moon\" music video, in which the Debtor flaunts extravagant personal property—including yachts, sports cars, suits, cigars, and home furnishings—to promote investment in one of his fraudulent cryptocurrency ventures.[14](#page-9-0)\n\n31. This further reflects the Debtor's fraudulent intent with respect to the Transfers.\n\n## **E. Transfers to the Defendant**\n\n32. Prior to the Petition Date, the Debtor, using his alter ego shell companies including HCHK Technologies, or otherwise, transferred the Debtor's property to the Defendant (collectively, the \"Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n33. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of the Debtor's estate.\n\n34. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfers.\n\n<span id=\"page-9-0\"></span> <sup>14</sup> *See* <http> (last visited Jan. 25, 2024). The Debtor published this music video on YouTube in December of 2021, roughly two months prior to the Petition Date.\n\n### **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n## **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers Pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 548(a)(1)(A) and 550(a))**\n\n35. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-34 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n36. The Transfers were made by the Debtor through his alter ego, HCHK Technologies, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n37. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in perpetrating the\n\nTransfers is shown by, among other things:\n\n- a. The Transfers were effectuated using alter-ego shell companies;\n- b. The Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n- c. The Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he\n\ncontrolled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n38. The Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to section 548(a)(i)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code and are recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **SECOND CLAIM**\n\n## **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 274, and 276, and Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) and 550(a))**\n\n39. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-34 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n40. The Transfers were made by the Debtor, through his alter ego companies, HCHK Technologies, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n41. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in perpetrating the\n\nTransfers is shown by, among other things:\n\n- a. The Transfers were effectuated using alter-ego shell companies;\n- b. The Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n- c. The Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with\n\nthe aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n42. The Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276, and section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n*[THE REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK.]*\n\n#### **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. On the First Claim, an order declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$150,000.00 are avoided pursuant to section 548(a)(1)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code; (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. On the Second Claim, an order declaring that (a) the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$150,000.00 are avoided pursuant to section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2), 274 and 276; (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law section 276 and section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n3. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n4. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n[*Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank*]\n\nDated: February 10, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: */s/ Patrick R. Linsey\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_* Douglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 [dskalka@npmlaw.com](mailto:dskalka@npmlaw.com) [plinsey@npmlaw.com](mailto:plinsey@npmlaw.com) *Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\n# **SCHEDULE A**\n\n# **FILED UNDER SEAL**","body_zh":"B1040（表格 1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗程序封面页\n（背面载有说明）　对抗程序编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n原告　被告\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人　DJD Creative LLC（DJD 创意有限责任公司）\n律师（律所名称、地址及电话号码）　律师\n（如已知）\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡），Patrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）\nNeubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.\n195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510\n(203)781-2847\n当事人（仅勾选一项）　当事人（仅勾选一项）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国\n受托人/破产管理人　□ 债务人\n□ 美国受托人/破产\n管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他　□ 债权人\n□ 其他\n□ 受托人　□ 受托人\n诉因\n（简要说明诉因，包括涉及的所有美国法典条文）\n第11章受托人依据《破产法典》第544、548及550条以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第273、274及276条，就撤销及追回欺诈性转让及相关救济提出的诉状\n诉讼性质\n（自主要诉因起按1编号，第一替代诉因为2，第二替代诉因为3，依此类推，最多勾选五（5）项）\nFRBP 7001(1) – 金钱/财产追回　FRBP 7001(6) – 可免责性（续）\n□\n11—金钱/财产追回－§542 财产返还　□\n61—可免责性－§523(a)(5)，家庭扶养\n□\n12—金钱/财产追回－§547 偏颇性清偿　□\n68—可免责性－§523(a)(6)，故意及恶意损害\n□\n13—金钱/财产追回－§548 欺诈性转让\n□　□\n63—可免责性－§523(a)(8)，学生贷款\n□\n14—金钱/财产追回－其他　64—可免责性－§523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\nFRBP 7001(2) – 留置权的有效性、优先权或范围\n□\n21—留置权或其他财产权益的有效性、优先权或范围　（家庭扶养以外）\n□\n65—可免责性－其他\nFRBP 7001(7) – 禁令救济\nFRBP 7001(3) – 财产出售批准\n□　□\n71—禁令救济－施加中止\n31—批准出售破产财产及共同所有人财产－§363(h)　□　72—禁令救济－其他\nFRBP 7001(4) – 对免责提出异议/撤销免责　FRBP 7001(8) 债权或权益从属\n□\n41—对免责提出异议/撤销免责－§727(c),(d),(e)　□　81—债权或权益从属\nFRBP 7001(5) – 撤销确认\n□\n51—撤销确认　□　FRBP 7001(9) 确认判决\n91—确认判决\nFRBP 7001(6) – 可免责性\n□　FRBP 7001(10) 对移送诉讼的裁定\n66—可免责性－§523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税务债权\n□　□\n01—对移送债权或诉因的裁定\n62—可免责性－§523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述、\n实际欺诈\n□\n67—可免责性－§523(a)(4)，受托人欺诈、侵占、盗窃　其他\n□\nSS-SIPA 案件－15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\n□　02—其他（例如，如与破产案件无关本应在州法院提起的其他诉讼\n（续见下一栏）　）\n□ 如本案涉及州法实体问题，请勾选　□ 如主张本案为 FRCP 23 项下集体诉讼，请勾选\n□ 如在诉状中要求陪审团审判，请勾选　请求金额 \\$\n请求的其他救济\n\nB1040（表格 1040）（12/15）\n\n本对抗程序所源起的破产案件\n\n债务人姓名　破产案件编号\nHo Wan Kwok（郭文贵）　22-50073 (JAM)\n案件审理地区　分庭办事处　法官姓名\nConnecticut（康涅狄格州）　Bridgeport（布里奇波特）　Julie A. Manning（朱莉·A·曼宁）\n相关对抗程序（如有）\n原告　被告　对抗\n程序编号\n对抗程序审理地区　分庭办事处　法官姓名\n律师（或原告）签名\n日期　律师（或原告）印刷体姓名\nFebruary 10, 2024　Partick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）\n说明\n\n提交破产案件将在破产法院管辖下设立“财产集合”，其中包括债务人的全部财产，无论该等财产位于何处。由于破产财产集合范围广泛且法院管辖权极其宽泛，可能就该财产集合的财产或财产权发生诉讼。也可能发生有关债务人免责的诉讼。如在破产法院提起该等诉讼，即称为对抗程序。\n\n提交对抗程序的一方还必须填写并提交表格1040，即对抗程序封面页，除非该方通过法院的案件管理/电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提交对抗程序。（CM/ECF 在提交过程中获取表格1040上的信息。）填写完成后，封面页概述对抗程序的基本信息。法院书记官需要该等信息以处理对抗程序并编制法院活动所需的统计报告。\n\n封面页及其所载信息并不替代或补充法律、《破产程序规则》或法院地方法规所要求的诉状或其他文件的提交及送达。该封面页在很大程度上不言自明，必须由原告律师填写（如原告无律师代理，则由原告填写）。每份提交的诉状均须向书记官另行提交一份封面页。\n\n原告和被告。准确填写原告和被告在诉状中所列的姓名。\n\n律师。如已知，填写律师的姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。在第一栏中为原告勾选最适当的方框，并在第二栏中为被告勾选最适当的方框。\n\n请求金额。填写诉状中请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面页必须由记录在案的律师在表格第二页的方框内签署。如原告由律师事务所代理，必须由该所成员签署。如原告自行诉讼，即未由律师代理，则必须由原告签署。\n\n美国破产法院康涅狄格区布里奇波特分庭\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\n关于：\n\nHO WAN KWOK（郭文贵）等人，[1]\n\n第11章\n\n案件编号 22-50073 (JAM)\n\n债务人。\n\n（合并管理）\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人，\n\n原告，\n\n对抗程序编号 [ ]\n\n诉\n\nFebruary 10, 2024\n\nDJD CREATIVE LLC（DJD 创意有限责任公司），\n\n被告。\n\n第11章受托人依据《破产法典》第544、548及550条以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第273、274及276条，就撤销及追回欺诈性转让及相关救济提出的诉状\n\nx\n\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）以其作为在 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（“债务人”或“Kwok”）第11章案件（“第11章案件”）中获任命的第11章受托人（“受托人”）的身份，对被告 DJD Creative LLC（DJD 创意有限责任公司）（“被告”）提交本对抗诉状（“诉状”），陈述如下：\n\n1 本第11章案件中的债务人为 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（又名 Guo Wengui、Miles Guo 和 Miles Kwok，以及众多其他别名）（税务识别号码后四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（税务识别号码后四位：8202）以及 Genever Holdings Corporation。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC 和 Genever Holdings Corporation 的邮寄地址为 Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，转交 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），作为 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）财产集合的受托人（仅为通知和通信之目的）。\n\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人提起本对抗程序，以撤销并追回本第11章案件开始前对债务人财产所作的转让。\n\n2. 债务人通过其另我空壳公司 HCHK Technologies Inc.（“HCHK Technologies”），在申请日（定义见下文）之前向作为初始受让人的被告转让了金额为 \\$150,000.00 的资金。\n\n3. 该等转让属于实际欺诈性转让，因为债务人将其作为其“空壳把戏”的一部分实施，并且该等转让系意图阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人的债权人而作出。\n\n管辖权和审判地\n\n4. 本法院根据 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b) 对本对抗程序具有事项管辖权。\n\n5. 本对抗程序已根据 28 U.S.C. § 157(a) 移交本法院审理。\n\n6. 本诉状所请求救济的法定依据包括《美国法典》第11编（“破产法典”）第544、548和550条，以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第273、274和276条[2]，或任何其他适用的州法对应条款。\n\n当事人\n\n2 下文对《纽约州债务人与债权人法》的所有法条引用均简称为“N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law”。《纽约州统一可撤销交易法》（“NYUVT”）取代《纽约州统一欺诈性让与法》（“NYUFC”），并于 April 4, 2020 生效，适用于在 April 4, 2020 当日或之后作出的转让或承担的义务。对于 April 4, 2020 之前的转让，受托人在本案中根据 NYUFC 及 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law 第273、273a、275、276和278条寻求救济。\n\n7. 受托人系第11章案件中的第11章受托人，依据破产法院于 July 8, 2022 作出的裁定[案件编号 22-50073（“主案”）案卷编号 523]获任命。\n\n8. 被告是一家得克萨斯州有限责任公司，其地址和住所地为 43 Hunnewell Way, Spring, Texas 77382。\n\n事实\n\nA. 第11章案件\n\n9. 债务人于 February 15, 2022 在 United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut（康涅狄格区美国破产法院）（“破产法院”）自愿提交了根据《美国法典》第11编第11章（“破产法典”）寻求救济的申请（“申请日”），从而启动了上述标题所列第11章案件（“第11章案件”）。\n\n10. 于 March 21, 2022，美国受托人办公室在本第11章案件中任命了一个无担保债权人正式委员会。尚未任命审查人。\n\n11. 债务人于 March 2022 向破产法院提交的破产财产清单称，其拥有 \\$3,850 的资产，并已产生数亿美元的负债。[3] 虽然债务人确实负债累累，但其财产清单未披露由其众多另我空壳公司（包括 HCHK Technologies）持有和/或转让的债务人财产。\n\n12. 于 June 15, 2022，法院作出备忘决定和裁定[主案件卷编号 465]，指示美国受托人在第11章案件中任命一名第11章受托人。根据该裁定，美国受托人选定 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）担任受托人。于 July 8, 2022，法院作出裁定，批准任命 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）担任第11章案件中的受托人[主案件卷编号 523]。\n\n3 资产和负债清单，第1页[主案件卷编号 78]。\n\nB. 债务人对空壳公司的使用及受托人的对抗程序\n\n13. HCHK Technologies 是债务人用于阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的众多另我空壳公司之一。[4] 多年来，债务人一直策划一场“空壳把戏”，利用一个错综复杂的空壳公司网络；这些公司名义上由家庭成员、亲信和/或下属所有，但实际上由债务人控制。该空壳把戏使债务人得以使用、花费和/或转让数百万美元现金及其他资产。\n\n14. 自获任命以来，受托人已在第11章案件中提起多项对抗程序，以便除其他事项外，确认债务人的空壳公司是其另我和/或该等公司及其资产在衡平法上归债务人所有，且破产法院已在若干案件中授予该等救济。[5]\n\n15. 这些诉讼中的事实模式一贯包括：(i) 由近亲属和/或下属持有的、受债务人控制的空壳公司；(ii) 以来自其他受债务人控制实体的现金购置的资产，和/或在空壳实体之间无偿转让的资产；以及 (iii) 债务人从该等资产中受益并对其拥有控制权和支配权。\n\n4 在对抗程序 Despins v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et. al（对抗程序编号 23-5013，以下简称“HCHK Entities A.P.”，案卷编号 139）中，已对 HCHK Technologies（HCHK科技公司）作出缺席登记；该对抗程序除其他事项外，请求作出确认判决，确认 HCHK 为债务人的另一自我。受托人在此援引并纳入受托人在 HCHK Entities A.P. 中提交的起诉状（对抗程序编号 23-5013，案卷编号 1）。\n\n5 其中包括以下对抗程序：(i) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人 v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC（香港国际基金投资〈美国〉有限公司），et al. [对抗程序编号 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人 v. Greenwich Land LLC（格林威治土地有限责任公司），et al. [对抗程序编号 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人 v. Mei Guo（郭美）[对抗程序编号 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人 v. HCHK Technologies, Inc.（HCHK科技公司），et al. [对抗程序编号 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人 v. Taurus Fund LLC（金牛基金有限责任公司），et al. [对抗程序编号 23-05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人 v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited（黄金泉〈纽约〉有限公司）[对抗程序编号 23-05018]；以及 (vii) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人 v. Lamp Capital LLC（蓝普资本有限责任公司），et al. [对抗程序编号 23-05023]。\n\nC. 债务人为阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债权人而实施的行为\n\n16. 除受托人对抗程序中处理的事项外，破产法院还认定，债务人为 Ace Decade Limited（Ace Decade有限公司）（并通过该公司为 Dawn State Limited（Dawn State有限公司））的受益所有人，并且债务人控制和使用了 Ace Decade Limited 的名义股东 Yvette Wang（王悦华）。[6]\n\n17. 破产法院还认定，“G实体”（Gettr（盖特尔）、G Fashion（G时尚）、G Music（G音乐）、GClubs（G俱乐部）、GNews（G新闻）和 GEdu（G教育））、New Federal State of China（新中国联邦）和 Rule of Law Foundation（法治基金会），以及其他表面上独立的实体和组织，均由债务人控制，[7] 由债务人领导[8]和/或“服务于……债务人的目的，并作为债务人的商业工具”。[9]\n\n18. 在申请日之前，美国纽约南区联邦地区法院（United States District Court for the Southern District of New York）的 Liman 法官认定，Eastern Profit Corporation Limited（东方利润有限公司）——该实体最初由债务人的一名厨师所有，后转让给债务人的女儿——实质上是债务人的“空壳公司”。[10]\n\n19. 债务人不遗余力地阻碍和拖延其最大债权人之一 Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P.（太平洋联盟亚洲机会基金，以下简称“PAX”）的追偿工作。2017年，PAX 在纽约州最高法院（Supreme Court of the State of New York，以下简称“纽约法院”）起诉债务人，案号 652077/2017（以下简称“PAX案件”），请求就所欠款项作出判决。2021年2月3日，PAX 获得纽约法院针对债务人的判决，金额为 $116,402,019.57（以下简称“PAX判决”）。PAX 试图通过扣押债务人的资产来执行 PAX 判决——包括 Lady May（“五月夫人”号游艇），债务人虚假声称该游艇由其女儿所有；以及债务人在曼哈顿的豪华公寓，债务人虚假声称该公寓由信托为债务人的儿子持有。债务人在判决后程序中藐视纽约法院命令的行为，最终导致债务人被处以 $134 million 的藐视法庭罚款。\n\n6 准许动议并认定债务人藐视《公司治理命令》的命令，第 ¶¶ 1, 4 段（Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372（“Corp. Governance Contempt Order”）。\n\n7 部分准许初步禁令动议的经更正裁决备忘录，第 ¶ 3 段（Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032, January 13, 2023（“债务人还控制 Saraca Media Group（Saraca媒体集团）及相关实体‘GTV’。”）。\n\n8 同上，第 ¶ 7 段（“债务人是 The Whistleblower Movement（吹哨人运动）、NFSC、ROLF 和 Himalaya（喜马拉雅）的领导者。”）。\n\n9 同上。（“The Whistleblower Movement、NFSC、ROLF、GSeries 和 Himalaya 服务于债务人的目的，作为债务人的商业工具，其成员在个人上忠于债务人。”）。\n\n10 Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC（美国战略愿景有限责任公司）, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n20. 债务人还将其另一自我，包括 HCHK Technologies，作为个人小金库，用以资助其本人及其家人已经习惯的奢靡生活方式，同时将资产隐匿在该等另一自我中，使其债权人无法发现，并阻碍和拖延债权人就其债权获得受偿。债务人通过该等另一自我实施的转让延续了债务人的欺诈计划。\n\n21. 债务人在破产法院作证称，其资产不足以偿还其负债，且其奢华生活方式由其家人通过名义上由家庭成员持有的企业提供资金。[11] 债务人仅在资产清单中列报 $3,850 的资产。[12]\n\n22. 2023年3月，债务人被逮捕，并在等待就包括电信欺诈、证券欺诈和洗钱在内的联邦刑事指控接受审判期间持续被羁押。\n\n11 关于债务人请求作出临时及最终 DIP 命令的听证会：(I) 授权债务人取得无担保、次级的申请后融资；(II) 安排临时及最终听证会；以及 (III) 准予相关救济（主案，April 27, 2022）\n\n12 见注3\n\n23. 美国政府在针对债务人的刑事起诉书中主张，债务人及其共同被告“利用以至少80个不同实体或个人名义持有的约500多个账户，对超过 $1 billion 的欺诈所得进行洗钱。”[13]\n\n24. 债务人的另一自我，包括 HCHK Technologies 的财产，在申请日之前的任何时候均为债务人的财产。\n\n25. 在与本案相关的所有期间，债务人在纽约州纽约市开展业务，包括指挥该等转让。\n\nD. 为阻碍、拖延或欺诈债权人而作出的转让\n\n26. 本起诉状所涉转让均通过债务人的另一自我空壳公司作出，该等公司作为债务人空壳游戏的一部分运营，因而该等转让系意图阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人的债权人而作出。\n\n27. 债务人故意以此方式安排其财务事务，以便在向其众多债权人虚假声称贫困的同时，隐匿和耗散数百万美元的资产。债务人声称自己一贫如洗，同时却大量支出，以维持其本人、其家庭成员及亲密同伙的亿万富翁生活方式。\n\n28. 债务人隐匿和耗散的资产包括其从加密货币、证券及其他欺诈计划受害人处取得的资金。由于该等行为，债务人在美国纽约南区联邦地区法院待决的一宗刑事案件中面临多项重罪欺诈、洗钱和有组织犯罪活动指控。参见 United States v. Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.).\n\n13 见美国政府反对被告 Yanping Wang（王艳萍）审前释放动议的法律备忘录第29页，该备忘录作为附件B附于第11章受托人对 G Club Operations LLC（G俱乐部运营有限责任公司）补充反对受托人强制履行动议及相关救济请求的答复中（June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934）。\n\n29. 债务人知悉并意图通过以此方式隐匿和耗散其资产，将不会有足够资产剩余以偿还其债权人——包括其众多欺诈行为的受害人。因此，该等转让必然是出于阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人债权人的意图而作出。\n\n30. 即使债务人向其债权人声称身无分文，其同时亦将其奢华生活方式作为营销工具，以推广其欺诈计划。该策略的众多例子之一是债务人的“Hcoin to the Moon（Hcoin登月）”音乐视频，债务人在其中炫耀包括游艇、跑车、西装、雪茄和家居陈设在内的奢侈个人财产，以推广对其一项欺诈性加密货币项目的投资。[14]\n\n31. 这进一步反映出债务人就该等转让所具有之欺诈意图。\n\nE. 向被告作出的转让\n\n32. 在申请日之前，债务人使用其另一自我空壳公司，包括 HCHK Technologies，或以其他方式，将债务人的财产转让给被告（统称“该等转让”），包括但不限于如下：\n\n见随附于本文件并构成本文件组成部分的附表A。\n\n33. 在该等转让作出时，债务人对债务人破产财产的债权人负有未清偿义务。\n\n34. 被告为该等转让的初始受让人。\n\n14 见（最后访问于 Jan. 25, 2024）。债务人于2021年12月在 YouTube（优兔）上发布该音乐视频，约在申请日前两个月。\n\n第一项请求权\n\n（根据《破产法典》第548(a)(1)(A)条及第550(a)条撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让的请求权）\n\n35. 受托人重述并再次主张第1至34段所载指称，如同在此全文列明。\n\n36. 债务人通过其另一自我 HCHK Technologies 作出该等转让，具有实际阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图。\n\n37. 债务人在实施该等转让时具有阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，可由以下事实证明：\n\na. 该等转让系使用另一自我空壳公司实施；\n\nb. 该等转让对债务人的债权人予以隐瞒；\n\nc. 该等转让系作为债务人“空壳游戏”的一部分实施，并借助债务人控制的家庭成员及其他副手和下属，意图隐匿和保护资产；\n\nd. 该等转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈中受益，而不使其财产受其债权人可追索范围所及，推进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 该等转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈中获利，而不使其财产受其债权人可追索范围所及，推进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在该等转让作出时，债务人正遭受诉讼，包括 PAX 在 PAX案件中提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在该等转让作出时，债务人已资不抵债或资本不足。\n\n38. 受托人可根据《破产法典》第548(a)(i)(A)条撤销该等转让，并可根据《破产法典》第550(a)条追回该等转让。\n\n第二项请求权\n\n（根据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law 第273、274和276条，以及《破产法典》第544(b)条和第550(a)条撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让的请求权）\n\n39. 受托人重述并再次主张第1至34段所载指称，如同在此全文列明。\n\n40. 债务人通过其另一自我公司 HCHK Technologies 作出该等转让，具有实际阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图。\n\n41. 债务人在实施该等转让时具有阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，可由以下事实证明：\n\na. 该等转让系使用另一自我空壳公司实施；\n\nb. 该等转让对债务人的债权人予以隐瞒；\n\nc. 该等转让系作为债务人“空壳游戏”的一部分实施，并借助债务人控制的家庭成员及其他副手和下属，意图隐匿和保护资产；\n\nd. 该等转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈中受益，而不使其财产受其债权人可追索范围所及，推进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 该等转让使债务人能够在不使其财产受到债权人追索的情况下从其欺诈行为中获利，从而助长了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在该等转让发生时，债务人正面临诉讼，包括 PAX 在 PAX 案中提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在该等转让发生时，债务人已无力偿债或资本不足。\n\n42. 根据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1)、274 和 276，以及《破产法典》第 544(b) 条，该等转让可由受托人撤销；并可根据《破产法典》第 550(a) 条予以追回。\n\n[本页其余部分特意留白。]\n\n救济请求\n\n因此，基于上述理由，受托人谨请求作出如下判决：\n\n1. 就第一项请求，作出命令，宣告金额不少于 $150,000.00 的该等转让根据《破产法典》第 548(a)(1)(A) 条予以撤销；(b) 命令撤销该等转让；以及 (c) 根据《破产法典》第 550(a)(1) 条，为债务人财产的利益，向被告追回该等转让，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n2. 就第二项请求，作出命令，宣告：(a) 金额不少于 $150,000.00 的该等转让根据《破产法典》第 544(b) 条及 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2)、274 和 276 予以撤销；(b) 命令撤销该等转让；以及 (c) 根据 N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law section 276 及《破产法典》第 550(a)(1) 条，为债务人财产的利益，向被告追回该等转让，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n3. 向受托人判给自提交本起诉状之日起至本案判决之日止、按法定最高利率计算的判决前利息；以及\n\n4. 法院在具体情形下认为公正、适当或衡平的其他及进一步救济。\n\n[本页其余部分特意留白]\n\n日期：February 10, 2024\nNew Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A.·德斯平斯）\n第 11 章受托人\n\n代理人：/s/ Patrick R. Linsey\n\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S.·斯卡尔卡）(ct00616)\n\nPatrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R.·林赛）(ct29437)\n\nNEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.\n\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor\n\nNew Haven, Connecticut 06510\n\n(203) 781-2847\n\n[dskalka@npmlaw.com]\n\n[plinsey@npmlaw.com]\n\n第 11 章受托人的律师\n\n附表 A\n\n密封提交\n\n英文","key_entities":["Despins","HCHK","Kwok","Je","Ho Wan Kwok","Guo","Himalaya","Miles Guo","Yanping Wang","GTV","Saraca","GETTR","Paul Hastings","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[{"doc_number":215,"court":"CTB"}],"word_count":4436,"status":"published","published_at":null,"created_at":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-23 19:25:32"}