{"id":"court_ctb_2665_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":2665,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":null,"title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse) | | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | |\n|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS | DEFENDANTS | | | |\n| Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee | Luxury Cleaning NY | | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.)
Douglas S. Skalka, Patrick R. Linsey
Neubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.
195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510
(203)781-2847 | ATTORNEYS | (If Known) | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only)
□ Debtor
□ U.S.
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin
□ Creditor
□ Other
□ Trustee | □ Debtor
□ Creditor
□ Trustee | PARTY (Check One Box Only)
□ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin
□ Other | | |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION
(WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED)
Complaint of Chapter 11 Trustee seeking avoidance and recovery of fraudulent transfers and
postpetition transfers and related relief pursuant to Bankruptcy Code Sections 544,548,549, and
550 and New York Debtor and Creditor Law Sections 273, 274, and 276 | | | | |\n| NATURE OF SUIT
(Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property
□
11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property
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12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference
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13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
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14-Recovery of money/property - other
FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
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21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property
FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property | □
□
□
□
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□ | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued)
61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support
68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury
63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan
64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation
(other than domestic support)
65-Dischargeability - other
FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief
71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay | | |\n| □
31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h)
FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge
□
41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e) | □
□ | 72-Injunctive relief – other
FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest
81-Subordination of claim or interest | | |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation
□
51-Revocation of confirmation | □ | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment
91-Declaratory judgment | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability
□
66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims
□
62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation,
actual fraud
□
67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny
(continued next column) | □
Other
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□ | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action
01-Determination of removed claim or cause
SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.
02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court
if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | |\n| □ Check if this case involves a substantive issue of state law | | □ Check if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23 | | |\n| □ Check if a jury trial is demanded in complaint
Other Relief Sought | Demand \\$ | | | |\n\n#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | | |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|--|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR
Ho Wan Kwok | | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO.
22-50073 (JAM) | | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING
Connecticut | | DIVISION OFFICE
Bridgeport | NAME OF JUDGE
Julie A. Manning | | |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFF | DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY
PROCEEDING NO. | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | | |\n| /s/ Douglas Skalka | | | | | |\n| DATE | | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | |\n| February 10, 2024 | | Douglas Skalka | | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n# **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | | x |\n|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| In re: | | :
:
Chapter 11 |\n| HO WAN KWOK,
et al., | 1 | :
:
Case No. 22-50073 (JAM) |\n| | Debtors. | :
:
(Jointly Administered)
: |\n| -----------------------------------------------------------
LUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11
TRUSTEE,
v. | Plaintiff, | x
:
:
:
:
Adv. Proceeding No. [
]
:
:
: |\n| LUXURY CLEANING,
INC., | | :
February
10,
2024
: |\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | Defendant. | :
:
:
x |\n| | | |\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF FRAUDULENT TRANSFERS AND POSTPETITION TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 544, 548, 549, AND 550 AND NEW YORK DEBTOR & CREDITOR LAW SECTIONS 273, 274, AND 276**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the\n\nchapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this\n\n1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\nadversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant Luxury Cleaning, Inc. (the \"Defendant\"), stating as follows:\n\n## **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding to avoid and recover: (a) transfers of the Debtor's property prior to the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case; and (b) transfers of property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate after the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case and not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or under Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\").\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter ego shell company, Lamp Capital LLC (\"Lamp Capital\"), transferred funds in the amount of \\$83,297.55 prior to the Petition Date (as defined herein) to the Defendant as initial transferee.\n\n3. These transfers were actually fraudulent, because the Debtor effectuated them as part of his \"shell game,\" and they were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n4. Following the Petition Date, the Debtor, through his alter ego shell company, Greenwich Land, LLC (\"Greenwich Land\"), transferred funds in the amount of \\$50,953.50 to the Defendant as initial transferee.\n\n5. Because these postpetition transfers of estate property were unauthorized not authorized by the Court or under the Bankruptcy Code, they are subject to avoidance and recovery under sections 549 and 550 of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n6. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b).\n\n7. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(a).\n\n8. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include sections 544, 548, 549, and 550 of the Bankruptcy Code and New York Debtor & Creditor Law sections 273, 274, and 276 2 or any other applicable state law equivalents.\n\n### **THE PARTIES**\n\n9. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n10. The Defendant is a Delaware corporation with an address at 529 East 5 th Street, Suite RS, New York, New York 10009.\n\n## **FACTS**\n\n#### **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n11. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the Chapter 11 Case.\n\n12. On March 21, 2022, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n13. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of\n\n2 All statutory references to New York Debtor and Creditor Law will hereinafter be referred to as \"N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law\". The New York Uniform Voidable Transactions Act (\"NYUVT\") replaced the New York Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act (\"NYUFC\") and became effective on April 4, 2020 and applies to transfers made or obligations incurred on or after April 4, 2020. With respect to transfers prior to April 4, 2020, the Trustee seeks relief in this action under the NYUFC and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 273a, 275, 276 and 278.\n\nliabilities.3 While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and/or transferred through his many alter ego shell companies, including Greenwich Land and Lamp Capital.\n\n14. On June 15, 2022, the Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the Trustee. On July 8, 2022, the Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n#### **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n15. Greenwich Land and Lamp Capital are among the numerous alter ego shell companies used by the Debtor to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors. 4 For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members, lieutenants, and/or subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use and spend and/or transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets—while concealing his property from creditors.\n\n16. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell\n\n3 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 [Main Case Docket No. 78].\n\n4 There is a pending motion for summary judgment to determine that Greenwich Land is the alter ego of the Debtor in the adversary proceeding *Despins v. Greenwich Land, LLC* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5005 (the \"Greenwich Land A.P.\"), Docket No. 78). The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the Greenwich Land A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5005, Docket No. 1).\n\nThe Court has entered judgment to the effect that Lamp Capital was the Debtor's alter ego. *See Despins v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023 (the \"Lamp Capital A.P.\"), Docket No. 66). The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the Lamp Capital A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023, Docket No. 1).\n\ncompanies were his alter egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several adversary proceedings the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief. 5\n\n17. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from other Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n#### **C. Debtor's Conduct to Hinder, Delay, and/or Defraud Creditors**\n\n18. In addition to the matters addressed in the Trustee's adversary proceedings, the Bankruptcy Court has found that the Debtor was the beneficial owner of Ace Decade Limited (and through it, Dawn State Limited) and that the Debtor controlled and employed Ace Decade Limited's nominee shareholder, Yvette Wang.6\n\n19. The Bankruptcy Court has also found that the \"G Entities\" (Gettr, G Fashion, G Music, GClubs, GNews and GEdu), the New Federal State of China and the Rule of Law Foundation, as well as other purportedly independent entities and organizations, were controlled\n\n5 These include the following adversary proceedings: (i) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]; (vi) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited [Adv. Proc. 23- 05018]; and (vii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. 23-05023].\n\n6 Order Granting Motion to Hold Debtor in Contempt of Corporate Governance Order, ¶¶ 1, 4 (Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372 (\"Corp. Governance Contempt Order\").\n\nby the Debtor7 , led by the Debtor8 and/or served \"the purposes of… and as business vehicles of\" the Debtor.9\n\n20. Prior to the Petition Date, Judge Liman of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York found that Eastern Profit Corporation Limited, an entity originally owned by one of the Debtor's chefs before its transfer to Debtor's daughter, was \"in essence, a shell corporation\" for the Debtor.10\n\n21. The Debtor has gone to great lengths to hinder and delay the collection efforts of one of his largest creditors, *i.e.*, Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P. (\"PAX\"). In 2017, PAX sued the Debtor in the Supreme Court of the State of New York (the \"New York Court\"), Index No. 652077/2017 (the \"PAX Case\"), seeking judgment for monies owed. On February 3, 2021, PAX obtained a judgment from the New York Court against the Debtor in the sum of \\$116,402,019.57 (the \"PAX Judgment\"). PAX sought to enforce the PAX Judgment by levying the Debtor's assets—including the Lady May, which the Debtor falsely claimed was owned by his daughter, and the Debtor's luxury apartment in Manhattan, which the Debtor falsely claimed was held in trust for the Debtor's son. The Debtor's defiance of New York Court orders in postjudgment proceedings eventually resulted in the Debtor incurring contempt penalties of \\$134 million.\n\n7 *Corrected Memorandum of Decision Granting in Part Motion for Preliminary Injunction*, ¶ 3 (Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032, January 13, 2023 (\"The Debtor also controls Saraca Media Group and a related entity 'GTV'\").\n\n8 *Id*. at ¶ 7 (\"The Debtor is the leader of The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF and Himalaya.\").\n\n9 *Id*. (\"The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF, GSeries, and Himalaya serve the purposes of the Debtor, serve as business vehicles for the Debtor, and their members are personally loyal to the Debtor.\").\n\n10 *Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC*, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n22. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including Greenwich Land and Lamp Capital as personal piggy-banks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries on their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos effectuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme.\n\n23. The Debtor has testified before the Bankruptcy Court that he has insufficient assets to pay his liabilities and that his luxurious lifestyle is funded by his family through businesses nominally held by family members.11 The Debtor scheduled only \\$3,850 in assets.12\n\n24. In March 2023, the Debtor was arrested and remains confined pending his trial on federal criminal charges of, among other things, wire fraud, securities fraud, and money laundering.\n\n25. In its criminal indictment of the Debtor, the United States Government asserts that the Debtor and his co-defendants \"utilized more than approximately 500 accounts held in the names of *at least 80 different entities or individuals* to launder more than \\$1 billion in fraud proceeds.\"13\n\n26. The property of the Debtor's alter egos, including Greenwich Land and Lamp Capital, was at all times prior to the Petition Date property of the Debtor.\n\n11 Hearing on Debtor's Motion for Entry of Interim and Final DIP Orders (I) Authorizing the Debtor to Obtain Unsecured, Subordinated Postpetition Financing and (II) Scheduling Interim and Final Hearings, and (III) Granting Related Relief (Main Case, April 27, 2022)\n\n12 *See* n.3\n\n13 *See* Memorandum of Law of the United States of America in Opposition to Defendant Yanping Wang's Motion for Pretrial Release at 29, attached as Exhibit B in the Reply of Chapter 11 Trustee to G Club Operations LLC's Supplemental Objection to Trustee's Motion to Compel and Request for Related Relief (June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934).\n\n27. At all times relevant herein, the Debtor conducted business in New York, New York, including direction of the Transfers (as defined herein).\n\n#### **D. Transfers Made with Intent to Hinder, Delay, or Defraud Creditors**\n\n28. The Transfers at issue in this Complaint were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors inasmuch as they were all made through the Debtor's alterego shell companies operated as a part of the Debtor's shell game.\n\n29. The Debtor intentionally orchestrated his financial affairs in this manner in order to conceal and dissipate millions of dollars in assets while falsely pleading poverty to his many creditors. The Debtor claimed to be destitute while simultaneously spending heavily to maintain a billionaire lifestyle for himself and for his family members and close associates.\n\n30. The assets concealed and dissipated by the Debtor included funds that he obtained from the victims of his cryptocurrency, securities, and other fraud schemes. As a result of this conduct, the Debtor faces multiple felony fraud, money laundering, and racketeering charges in a criminal case pending in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. *See United States v. Ho Wan Kwok*, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.).\n\n31. The Debtor knew and intended that by concealing and dissipating his assets in this manner there would not be sufficient assets remaining to repay his creditors—including the many victims of his frauds. These transfers were thus necessarily made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n#### **E. Debtor's Shell Game and Fraud Continues Postpetition**\n\n32. As of the Petition Date, all of the Debtor's property held through his alter egos, including Greenwich Land and Lamp Capital, became property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate. *See* 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1).\n\n33. Following the Petition Date, the Debtor, with blatant disregard for the Bankruptcy Court and his obligations under the Bankruptcy Code, continued to effectuate transfers through numerous alter ego shell companies, including, without limitation, Greenwich Land.\n\n34. None of these postpetition transfers were authorized by the Bankruptcy Court nor were such transfers authorized under the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **F. Transfers to Defendant**\n\n35. Prior to the Petition Date, the Debtor, using his alter ego shell company, Lamp Capital, or otherwise, transferred the Debtor's property to the Defendant (collectively, the \"Prepetition Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n36. Subsequent to the Petition Date, the Debtor, through his shell company Greenwich Land, or otherwise, transferred property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate to the Defendant (the \"Postpetition Transfer\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE B** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n37. At the time of the Prepetition Transfers and the Postpetition Transfer (collectively, the \"Transfers\"), the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of the Debtor's estate.\n\n38. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfers.\n\n## **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers Pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 548(a)(1)(A) and 550(a))**\n\n39. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-38 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n40. The Prepetition Transfers were made by the Debtor through his alter ego, Lamp Capital, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n41. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the Prepetition Transfers is shown by, among other things:\n\na. The Prepetition Transfers were effectuated using an alter ego shell company;\n\nb. The Prepetition Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Prepetition Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Prepetition Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Prepetition Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Prepetition Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Prepetition Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n42. The Prepetition Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to section 548(a)(i)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code and are recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **SECOND CLAIM**\n\n**(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 274, and 276, and Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) and 550(a))**\n\n43. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-38 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n44. The Prepetition Transfers were made by the Debtor, through his alter ego, Lamp Capital, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n45. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the Prepetition Transfers is shown by, among other things:\n\na. The Prepetition Transfers were effectuated using an alter ego shell company;\n\nb. The Prepetition Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Prepetition Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Prepetition Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Prepetition Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Prepetition Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Prepetition Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n46. The Prepetition Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276, and section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n## **THIRD CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Unauthorized Postpetition Transfers pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 549 and 550(a))**\n\n47. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-38 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n48. The Postpetition Transfer was made to the Defendant by the Debtor, including through his alter ego shell company, Greenwich Land.\n\n49. The Postpetition Transfer occurred after the Petition Date.\n\n50. The Postpetition Transfer was not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or by the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n51. The Postpetition Transfer constitutes an unauthorized transfer of property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate.\n\n52. The Postpetition Transfer is avoidable pursuant to section 549(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n53. Pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code, the Trustee is entitled to recover the Postpetition Transfer, or the value thereof, from the Defendant plus interest thereon to the date of payment and the costs of this action.\n\n# *[THE REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK.]*\n\n#### **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. On the First Claim, (a)an order declaring that the Prepetition Transfers in an amount not less than \\$83,297.55 are avoided pursuant to section 548(a)(1)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code; (b) an order directing that the Prepetition Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Prepetition Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. On the Second Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Prepetition Transfers in an amount not less than \\$83,297.55 are avoided pursuant to section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2), 274 and 276; (b) an order directing that the Prepetition Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Prepetition Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law section 276 and section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n3. On the Third Claim, an order (a) declaring that the Postpetition Transfer in an amount not less than \\$50,953.50 is avoided pursuant to section 549 of the Bankruptcy Code; and (b) an order directing that the Postpetition Transfer be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Postpetition Transfer, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n4. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n5. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n[*Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank*]\n\nDated: February 10, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: /s/ \\_\\_Douglas Skalka\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_*\\_\\_\\_\\_* Douglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 [dskalka@npmlaw.com](mailto:dskalka@npmlaw.com) [plinsey@npmlaw.com](mailto:plinsey@npmlaw.com) *Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\n# **SCHEDULE A**\n\n# **FILED UNDER SEAL**\n\n# **SCHEDULE B**\n\n**FILED UNDER SEAL**","body_zh":"B1040（表格 1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗程序封面页\n（背面说明） 对抗程序编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n原告 被告\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第 11 章受托人 Luxury Cleaning NY（纽约豪华清洁）\n律师（律师事务所名称、地址及电话号码）\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡），Patrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）\nNeubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.（纽伯特、佩佩及蒙蒂斯职业公司）\n195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510\n(203)781-2847 律师 （如已知）\n当事人（仅勾选一个方框）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国\n受托人/破产管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他\n□ 受托人 □ 债务人\n□ 债权人\n□ 受托人 当事人（仅勾选一个方框）\n□ 美国受托人/破产\n管理人\n□ 其他\n诉因\n（简要说明诉因，包括所涉全部美国法条）\n第 11 章受托人依《破产法》第 544、548、549 及\n550 条以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第 273、274 及 276 条，请求撤销及追回欺诈性转让和\n申请破产后转让，并请求相关救济的起诉状\n诉讼性质\n（从主要诉因开始编号为 1，第一项备选诉因为 2，第二项备选诉因为 3，依此类推，最多填写五（5）个方框。）\nFRBP 7001(1) – 金钱/财产追回\n□\n11-金钱/财产追回 - §542 财产交还\n□\n12-金钱/财产追回 - §547 偏颇清偿\n□\n13-金钱/财产追回 - §548 欺诈性转让\n□\n14-金钱/财产追回 - 其他\nFRBP 7001(2) – 留置权的有效性、优先权或范围\n□\n21-留置权或其他财产权益的有效性、优先权或范围\nFRBP 7001(3) – 批准出售财产 □\n□\n□\n□\n□\n□ FRBP 7001(6) – 可免责性（续）\n61-可免责性 - §523(a)(5)，家庭扶养\n68-可免责性 - §523(a)(6)，故意及恶意损害\n63-可免责性 - §523(a)(8)，学生贷款\n64-可免责性 - §523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\n（家庭扶养除外）\n65-可免责性 - 其他\nFRBP 7001(7) – 禁令救济\n71-禁令救济 – 施加中止\n□\n31-批准出售破产财团及共同所有人的财产 - §363(h)\nFRBP 7001(4) – 对免责提出异议/撤销免责\n□\n41-对免责提出异议/撤销免责 - §727(c),(d),(e) □\n□ 72-禁令救济 – 其他\nFRBP 7001(8) 债权或权益的次位\n81-债权或权益的次位\nFRBP 7001(5) – 撤销确认\n□\n51-撤销确认 □ FRBP 7001(9) 确认判决\n91-确认判决\nFRBP 7001(6) – 可免责性\n□\n66-可免责性 - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税务债权\n□\n62-可免责性 - §523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述、\n实际欺诈\n□\n67-可免责性 - §523(a)(4)，受托人欺诈、侵占、盗窃\n（续见下一栏） □\n其他\n□\n□ FRBP 7001(10) 对移送诉讼的裁定\n01-对移送债权或诉因的裁定\nSS-SIPA 案件 – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\n02-其他（例如，如与破产案件无关本应在州法院提起的其他诉讼\n）\n□ 如本案涉及州法实体争议，请勾选 □ 如主张本案为根据 FRCP 23 提起的集体诉讼，请勾选\n□ 如起诉状中请求陪审团审判，请勾选\n请求的其他救济 请求金额 \\$\nB1040（表格 1040）（12/15）\n\n本对抗程序所由发生的破产案件\n\n债务人姓名\nHo Wan Kwok（郭文贵） 破产案件编号\n22-50073 (JAM)\n案件审理地区\nConnecticut（康涅狄格州） 分院办事处\nBridgeport（布里奇波特） 法官姓名\nJulie A. Manning（朱莉·A·曼宁）\n相关对抗程序（如有）\n原告 被告 对抗\n程序编号\n对抗程序审理地区 分院办事处 法官姓名\n律师（或原告）签名\n/s/ Douglas Skalka\n日期 律师（或原告）正楷姓名\nFebruary 10, 2024 Douglas Skalka\n说明\n\n提交破产案件将在破产法院管辖范围内设立“破产财团”，其由债务人的全部财产组成，不论该等财产位于何处。由于破产财团范围广泛且法院管辖权十分宽泛，可能就破产财团的财产或财产权利发生诉讼。也可能发生有关债务人免责的诉讼。如该等诉讼在破产法院提起，则称为对抗程序。\n\n提交对抗程序的一方还必须填写并提交表格 1040，即《对抗程序封面页》，除非该方通过法院案件管理/电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提交对抗程序。（CM/ECF 在提交过程中采集表格 1040 上的信息。）填写完成后，封面页概述对抗程序的基本信息。法院书记官需要该等信息以处理对抗程序，并编制法院活动所需的统计报告。\n\n封面页及其中所载信息并不替代或补充法律、《破产程序规则》或地方法院规则所要求提交和送达的诉状或其他文件。封面页大部分内容不言自明，必须由原告律师填写（如原告未经律师代理，则由原告填写）。每一份提交的起诉状均须另行向书记官提交一份封面页。\n\n原告和被告。准确填写起诉状中所列原告和被告的姓名。\n\n律师。如已知，填写律师的姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。对于原告，请在第一栏勾选最适当的方框；对于被告，请在第二栏勾选最适当的方框。\n\n请求金额。填写起诉状中请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面页必须由登记在案的律师在表格第二页的方框中签署。如原告由律师事务所代理，必须由该律师事务所的一名成员签署。如原告自行诉讼，即未由律师代理，则必须由原告签署。\nUNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT（美国破产法院） DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT（康涅狄格州地区） BRIDGEPORT DIVISION（布里奇波特分院）\n\n----------------------------------------------------------- x\n\n关于： :\n:\n第 11 章\nHO WAN KWOK（郭文贵），\n等， 1 :\n:\n案件编号 22-50073 (JAM)\n债务人。 :\n:\n（联合管理）\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第 11 章\n受托人，\n诉 原告， x\n\n对抗程序编号 [\n]\n\nLUXURY CLEANING,\nINC.（豪华清洁公司）， :\nFebruary\n10,\n\n----------------------------------------------------------- 被告。 :\n:\n:\nx\n\n第 11 章受托人根据《破产法》第 544、548、549 及 550 条以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第 273、274 及 276 条，请求撤销及追回欺诈性转让和申请破产后转让，并请求相关救济的起诉状\n\nLuc A. Despins，以获任命担任 Ho Wan Kwok（“债务人”或“Kwok”）第 11 章案件（“第 11 章案件”）第 11 章受托人（“受托人”）的身份，提起本\n\n1 本第 11 章案件中的债务人为 Ho Wan Kwok（亦称 Guo Wengui、Miles Guo 和 Miles Kwok，以及其他众多别名）（税务识别号码后四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（税务识别号码后四位：8202）及 Genever Holdings Corporation。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC 及 Genever Holdings Corporation 的邮寄地址为 Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，收件人为 Luc A. Despins，作为 Ho Wan Kwok 破产财团的受托人（仅为通知及通信之目的）。\n\n对抗起诉状（“起诉状”），针对被告 Luxury Cleaning, Inc.（“被告”），陈述如下：\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人提起本对抗程序，以撤销并追回：(a) 在本第 11 章案件开始前对债务人财产作出的转让；以及 (b) 在本第 11 章案件开始后对债务人第 11 章破产财团财产作出的、未经破产法院或《美国法典》第 11 编（“破产法”）授权的转让。\n\n2. 债务人通过其另我空壳公司 Lamp Capital LLC（“Lamp Capital”），在申请日（定义见下文）之前向作为初始受让人的被告转让了金额为 \\$83,297.55 的资金。\n\n3. 该等转让属于实际欺诈性转让，因为债务人将其作为其“空壳游戏”的一部分实施，并且其作出该等转让的意图是阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人的债权人。\n\n4. 在申请日之后，债务人通过其另我空壳公司 Greenwich Land, LLC（“Greenwich Land”），向作为初始受让人的被告转让了金额为 \\$50,953.50 的资金。\n\n5. 由于该等破产申请后对破产财团财产作出的转让未经法院或《破产法》授权，其可依《破产法》第 549 和 550 条予以撤销和追回。\n管辖权和审判地\n\n6. 本院根据 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b) 对本对抗程序具有事项管辖权。\n\n7. 本对抗程序已根据 28 U.S.C. § 157(a) 移交本院审理。\n\n8. 本文所请求救济的法定依据包括《破产法》第 544、548、549 及 550 条，以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第 273、274 及 276 条 2，或任何其他适用的州法对应规定。\n当事人\n\n9. 根据破产法院于 July 8, 2022 作出的命令 [案件编号 22-50073（“主案件”）案卷编号 523]，受托人为第 11 章案件中的第 11 章受托人。\n\n10. 被告是一家 Delaware（特拉华州）公司，地址为 529 East 5 th Street, Suite RS, New York, New York 10009。\n事实\nA. 第 11 章案件\n\n11. 债务人于 February 15, 2022 向 United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut（康涅狄格州联邦破产法院）提交了根据《破产法》第 11 章请求救济的自愿申请（“申请日”），从而启动第 11 章案件。\n\n12. 于 March 21, 2022，Office of the United States Trustee（美国受托人办公室）在本第 11 章案件中任命了一个无担保债权人正式委员会。尚未任命审查员。\n\n13. 债务人于 March 2022 向破产法院提交的破产清单称，其拥有 \\$3,850 的资产，并产生了数亿美元的\n\n2 此后，对《纽约州债务人与债权人法》的所有法定引用均称为“N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law”。《纽约州统一可撤销交易法》（“NYUVT”）取代了《纽约州统一欺诈性让与法》（“NYUFC”），并于 April 4, 2020 生效，适用于在 April 4, 2020 当日或之后作出的转让或承担的义务。对于 April 4, 2020 之前的转让，受托人在本诉讼中根据 NYUFC 及 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law 第 273、273a、275、276 及 278 条请求救济。\n\n负债。3 虽然债务人确实负债累累，但其清单未披露债务人通过其众多另我空壳公司持有和/或转让的财产，其中包括 Greenwich Land 和 Lamp Capital。\n\n14. 于 June 15, 2022，法院作出决定备忘录及命令 [主案件案卷编号 465]，指示美国受托人在第 11 章案件中任命一名第 11 章受托人。根据该命令，美国受托人选定 Luc A. Despins 担任受托人。于 July 8, 2022，法院作出命令，批准任命 Luc A. Despins 担任第 11 章案件的受托人 [主案件案卷编号 523]。\nB. 债务人对空壳公司的使用及受托人的对抗程序\n\n15. Greenwich Land 和 Lamp Capital 是债务人为阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人而使用的众多另我空壳公司中的两家。4 多年来，债务人一直策划一场“空壳游戏”，利用由家族成员、亲信和/或下属名义持有、但实际上由债务人控制的复杂空壳公司网络。该空壳游戏使债务人得以使用、支出和/或转让数百万美元现金及其他资产——同时向债权人隐瞒其财产。\n\n16. 自其获任以来，受托人已在第 11 章案件中提起多项附带诉讼程序，以便除其他事项外，确认债务人的空壳\n\n3 资产和负债清单，第 1 页[主案件案卷编号 78]。\n\n4 在附带诉讼程序 Despins v. Greenwich Land, LLC（附带诉讼程序编号 23-5005（“Greenwich Land 附带诉讼程序”），案卷编号 78）中，现有一项待决的简易判决动议，请求认定 Greenwich Land 为债务人的另我。受托人在此以引用方式纳入受托人在 Greenwich Land 附带诉讼程序中提交的起诉状（附带诉讼程序编号 23-5005，案卷编号 1）。\n\n法院已作出判决，认定 Lamp Capital 为债务人的另我。参见 Despins v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.（附带诉讼程序编号 23-5023（“Lamp Capital 附带诉讼程序”），案卷编号 66）。受托人在此以引用方式纳入受托人在 Lamp Capital 附带诉讼程序中提交的起诉状（附带诉讼程序编号 23-5023，案卷编号 1）。\n\n公司系其另我，及/或该等公司及其资产在衡平法上归债务人所有；且在数项附带诉讼程序中，破产法院已经准予此类救济。5\n\n17. 这些诉讼中的事实模式一贯包括：(i) 由债务人控制、但由近亲属及/或下属持有的空壳公司；(ii) 以来自其他由债务人控制实体的现金购买的资产，及/或无对价转让给空壳实体和在空壳实体之间转让的资产；以及 (iii) 债务人从该等资产中受益，并对其拥有控制权和支配权。\n\nC. 债务人为阻碍、拖延及/或欺诈债权人而实施的行为\n\n18. 除受托人附带诉讼程序中所处理的事项外，破产法院还认定，债务人是 Ace Decade Limited（以及通过该公司持有的 Dawn State Limited）的受益所有人，且债务人控制并使用了 Ace Decade Limited 的名义股东 Yvette Wang（王燕平）。6\n\n19. 破产法院还认定，“G Entities”（Gettr、G Fashion、G Music、GClubs、GNews 和 GEdu）、New Federal State of China（中国新联邦国）及 Rule of Law Foundation（法治基金会），以及其他表面上独立的实体和组织，均由\n\n5 其中包括以下附带诉讼程序：(i) Luc A. Despins（Luc A. Despins），第 11 章受托人 v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al. [附带诉讼程序编号 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins，第 11 章受托人 v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al. [附带诉讼程序编号 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins，第 11 章受托人 v. Mei Guo（郭美）[附带诉讼程序编号 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins，第 11 章受托人 v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al. [附带诉讼程序编号 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins，第 11 章受托人 v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al. [附带诉讼程序编号 23-05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins，第 11 章受托人 v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited [附带诉讼程序编号 23-05018]；以及 (vii) Luc A. Despins，第 11 章受托人 v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al. [附带诉讼程序编号 23-05023]。\n\n6 准许要求认定债务人藐视公司治理命令之动议的命令，第 ¶¶ 1、4 段（Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372（“公司治理藐视法庭命令”））。\n\n债务人控制7、由债务人领导8，及/或“服务于……债务人的目的，并作为其商业工具”。9\n\n20. 在申请日之前，Southern District of New York（纽约南区）United States District Court（美国联邦地区法院）的 Liman 法官认定，Eastern Profit Corporation Limited（一家最初由债务人的一名厨师拥有、后转让给债务人女儿的实体）“实质上是”债务人的“一家空壳公司”。10\n\n21. 债务人不遗余力地阻碍和拖延其最大债权人之一，即 Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P.（“PAX”）的追偿努力。2017 年，PAX 在 Supreme Court of the State of New York（纽约州最高法院）（“纽约法院”）提起针对债务人的诉讼，案卷索引编号 652077/2017（“PAX 案件”），请求就应付款项作出判决。2021 年 2 月 3 日，PAX 从纽约法院取得针对债务人的 \\$116,402,019.57 判决（“PAX 判决”）。PAX 试图通过扣押债务人的资产来执行 PAX 判决——包括 Lady May，该船被债务人虚假声称为其女儿所有；以及债务人在曼哈顿的豪华公寓，该公寓被债务人虚假声称为代其儿子持有的信托财产。债务人在判决后程序中违抗纽约法院命令，最终导致债务人被处以 \\$134 million 的藐视法庭罚款。\n\n7 部分准许初步禁令动议的更正裁决备忘录，第 ¶ 3 段（附带诉讼程序编号 22-05032，January 13, 2023（“债务人还控制 Saraca Media Group 及一关联实体‘GTV’”）。\n\n8 同上，第 ¶ 7 段（“债务人是 The Whistleblower Movement（爆料革命）、NFSC、ROLF 和 Himalaya（喜马拉雅）的领导人。”）。\n\n9 同上。（“The Whistleblower Movement、NFSC、ROLF、GSeries 和 Himalaya 服务于债务人的目的，是债务人的商业工具，其成员个人忠于债务人。”）。\n\n10 Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n22. 债务人还将其另我，包括 Greenwich Land 和 Lamp Capital，当作个人聚宝盆，用以资助其本人及其家人已习惯的奢靡生活方式，同时向其债权人隐瞒置于这些另我中的资产，并阻碍和拖延债权人就其债权获得清偿。债务人通过这些另我实施的转让，推进了债务人的欺诈计划。\n\n23. 债务人已在破产法院作证称，其资产不足以偿付其负债，且其奢华生活方式由其家人通过名义上由家人持有的企业提供资金。11 债务人仅申报 \\$3,850 的资产。12\n\n24. 2023 年 3 月，债务人被逮捕，并因包括电信欺诈、证券欺诈和洗钱在内的联邦刑事指控，在审判前持续被羁押。\n\n25. United States Government（美国政府）在对债务人的刑事起诉书中主张，债务人及其共同被告“利用以至少 80 个不同实体或个人名义持有的约 500 多个账户，对超过 \\$1 billion 的欺诈所得进行洗钱。”13\n\n26. 债务人另我的财产，包括 Greenwich Land 和 Lamp Capital，在申请日之前的任何时候均为债务人的财产。\n\n11 关于债务人请求作出临时及最终 DIP 命令的听证会，该命令：(I) 授权债务人取得无担保、次级的申请后融资；(II) 安排临时及最终听证会；及 (III) 准予相关救济（主案件，April 27, 2022）\n\n12 参见脚注 3\n\n13 参见 United States of America（美利坚合众国）反对被告 Yanping Wang（王燕平）审前释放动议的法律备忘录，第 29 页，作为附件 B 附于第 11 章受托人就 G Club Operations LLC 对受托人强制履行动议及相关救济请求提出的补充异议所作答复中（June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934）。\n\n27. 在与本案相关的所有时间内，债务人在纽约州纽约市经营业务，包括指示转让（定义见本文）。\n\nD. 为阻碍、拖延或欺诈债权人而作出的转让\n\n28. 本起诉状所涉转让均通过作为债务人空壳把戏一部分运作的债务人另我空壳公司作出，因此其目的在于阻碍、拖延及/或欺诈债务人的债权人。\n\n29. 债务人故意以此方式安排其财务事务，以在向其众多债权人虚假声称贫困的同时，隐瞒并耗散数百万美元的资产。债务人声称自己一贫如洗，却同时巨额支出，以维持其本人、其家人及亲密同事的亿万富豪生活方式。\n\n30. 债务人隐瞒和耗散的资产包括其从其加密货币、证券及其他欺诈计划受害人处取得的资金。由于该等行为，债务人在 Southern District of New York（纽约南区）U.S. District Court（美国联邦地区法院）待决的一宗刑事案件中，面临多项重罪欺诈、洗钱和敲诈勒索指控。参见 United States v. Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.).\n\n31. 债务人明知并意图通过以此方式隐瞒和耗散其资产，将不会有足够资产剩余以偿还其债权人——包括其诸多欺诈行为的受害人。因此，这些转让必然是出于阻碍、拖延及/或欺诈债务人债权人的意图而作出。\n\nE. 债务人的空壳把戏及欺诈在申请后仍在继续\n\n32. 截至申请日，债务人通过其另我持有的所有财产，包括 Greenwich Land 和 Lamp Capital，均成为债务人第 11 章破产财产。参见 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1)。\n\n33. 在申请日后，债务人公然无视破产法院及其在 Bankruptcy Code（破产法典）下的义务，继续通过众多另我空壳公司实施转让，包括但不限于 Greenwich Land。\n\n34. 这些申请后转让均未经破产法院授权，亦未获破产法典授权。\n\nF. 向被告作出的转让\n\n35. 在申请日之前，债务人通过其另我空壳公司 Lamp Capital 或以其他方式，向被告转让债务人的财产（统称“申请前转让”），包括但不限于如下：\n\n参见随附并构成本文件一部分的附表 A。\n\n36. 在申请日之后，债务人通过其空壳公司 Greenwich Land 或以其他方式，向被告转让债务人第 11 章破产财产（“申请后转让”），包括但不限于如下：\n\n参见随附并构成本文件一部分的附表 B。\n\n37. 在申请前转让和申请后转让（统称“转让”）作出时，债务人对债务人破产财产的债权人负有未清偿义务。\n\n38. 被告是该等转让的初始受让人。\n\n第一项诉请\n（根据破产法典第 548(a)(1)(A) 和 550(a) 条请求撤销及追回实际欺诈性转让）\n\n39. 受托人重述并再次主张第 1 至 38 段所载主张，如同在此完整列明。\n\n40. 申请前转让由债务人通过其另我 Lamp Capital 作出，其实际意图是阻碍、拖延及/或欺诈其债权人。\n\n41. 债务人在实施申请前转让时阻碍、拖延及/或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，体现在：\n\na. 申请前转让系使用另我空壳公司实施；\n\nb. 申请前转让被向债务人的债权人隐瞒；\n\nc. 申请前转让是在债务人“空壳把戏”的一部分中实施，债务人借助其控制的家人及其他亲信和下属，试图隐瞒和保护资产；\n\nd. 申请前转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈中受益，而不使其财产受其债权人追索，推进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 申请前转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈中获利，而不使其财产受其债权人追索，推进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在申请前转让作出时，债务人正遭受诉讼，包括 PAX 在 PAX 案件中提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在申请前转让作出时，债务人无偿付能力或资本不足。\n\n42. 申请前转让可由受托人根据破产法典第 548(a)(i)(A) 条撤销，并可根据破产法典第 550(a) 条追回。\n\n第二项诉请\n\n（根据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273、274 和 276，以及 Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) 和 550(a) 提出的撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让请求）\n\n43. 受托人重申并再次主张第1至38段所载的指控，犹如在此全文列明。\n\n44. 债务人通过其另我实体 Lamp Capital（兰普资本）作出申请前转让，具有阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的实际意图。\n\n45. 债务人为实施申请前转让而阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，可由以下事实证明：\n\na. 申请前转让系利用一个另我空壳公司实施；\n\nb. 申请前转让向债务人的债权人隐瞒；\n\nc. 申请前转让是债务人“空壳游戏”的一部分，在其控制的家庭成员及其他亲信和下属协助下实施，意图隐匿和保护资产；\n\nd. 申请前转让通过使债务人从其欺诈中获益，而不使其财产受债权人追索，进一步助长了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 申请前转让通过使债务人从其欺诈中获利，而不使其财产受债权人追索，进一步助长了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在申请前转让发生时，债务人正被起诉，其中包括 PAX（PAX）在 PAX 案件中提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在申请前转让发生时，债务人已无力偿债或资本不足。\n\n46. 根据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1)、274 和 276，以及 Bankruptcy Code section 544(b)，受托人可撤销申请前转让；并可根据 Bankruptcy Code section 550(a) 追回该等转让。\n\n第三项请求\n\n（根据 Bankruptcy Code sections 549 和 550(a) 提出的撤销并追回未经授权的申请后转让请求）\n\n47. 受托人重申并再次主张第1至38段所载的指控，犹如在此全文列明。\n\n48. 债务人向被告作出申请后转让，包括通过其另我空壳公司 Greenwich Land（格林尼治地产）作出该等转让。\n\n49. 申请后转让发生于申请日之后。\n\n50. 申请后转让未经破产法院或 Bankruptcy Code 授权。\n\n51. 申请后转让构成对债务人第11章破产财产的未经授权转让。\n\n52. 根据 Bankruptcy Code section 549(a)，申请后转让可被撤销。\n\n53. 根据 Bankruptcy Code section 550(a)，受托人有权向被告追回申请后转让，或其价值，并追索截至付款之日的利息及本案费用。\n\n[本页其余部分有意留白。]\n\n救济请求\n\n因此，基于上述理由，受托人恭请作出如下判决：\n\n1．就第一项请求，(a) 作出命令，宣告金额不少于 $83,297.55 的申请前转让根据 Bankruptcy Code section 548(a)(1)(A) 被撤销；(b) 作出命令，责令撤销申请前转让；以及 (c) 根据 Bankruptcy Code section 550(a)(1)，为债务人破产财产之利益，向被告追回申请前转让，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n2．就第二项请求，(a) 作出命令，宣告金额不少于 $83,297.55 的申请前转让根据 Bankruptcy Code section 544(b) 和 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2)、274 和 276 被撤销；(b) 作出命令，责令撤销申请前转让；以及 (c) 根据 N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law section 276 和 Bankruptcy Code section 550(a)(1)，为债务人破产财产之利益，向被告追回申请前转让，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n3．就第三项请求，作出命令：(a) 宣告金额不少于 $50,953.50 的申请后转让根据 Bankruptcy Code section 549 被撤销；以及 (b) 作出命令，责令撤销申请后转让；以及 (c) 根据 Bankruptcy Code section 550(a)(1)，为债务人破产财产之利益，向被告追回申请后转让，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n4．向受托人裁定自本起诉状提交之日起至本案判决之日止，按最高法定利率计算的判决前利息；以及\n\n5．法院在该等情形下认为公正、适当或衡平的其他及进一步救济。\n\n[本页其余部分有意留白]\n\n日期：February 10, 2024，New Haven, CT（康涅狄格州纽黑文）\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯）\n第11章受托人\n\n签署人：/s/ Douglas Skalka\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡）(ct00616)\nPatrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）(ct29437)\nNEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.（诺伊伯特、佩佩及蒙蒂斯律师事务所，P.C.）\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor\nNew Haven, Connecticut 06510\n(203) 781-2847\n[dskalka@npmlaw.com]\n[plinsey@npmlaw.com]\n第11章受托人代理律师\n\n附件 A\n密封提交\n\n附件 B\n\n密封提交","key_entities":["Despins","Je","Kwok","Ho Wan Kwok","Guo","Himalaya","Miles Guo","Yanping Wang","HCHK","GTV","Saraca","GETTR","Paul Hastings","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[{"doc_number":215,"court":"CTB"}],"word_count":4695,"status":"published","published_at":null,"created_at":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-23 19:40:29"}