{"id":"court_ctb_2670_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":2670,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":"2024-02-10","title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse) | | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | | |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS | DEFENDANTS | | | | |\n| Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee | Marcella Monica Falciani | | | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.) | ATTORNEYS
(If Known) | | | | |\n| Douglas S. Skalka, Patrick R. Linsey
Neubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.
195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510
(203)781-2847 | | | | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only) | | PARTY (Check One Box Only) | | | |\n| □ Debtor
□ U.S.
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin | □ Debtor
□ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin | | | | |\n| □ Creditor
□ Other | □ Creditor | □ Other | | | |\n| □ Trustee | □ Trustee | | | | |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION
(WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED) | | | | | |\n| Complaint of Chapter 11 Trustee seeking avoidance and recovery of fraudulent transfers, preferential transfers, and
postpetition transfers and related relief pursuant to Bankruptcy Code Sections 544,548,549, and
550 and New York Debtor and Creditor Law Sections 273, 274, and 276 | | | | | |\n| NATURE OF SUIT | | | | | |\n| (Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property | | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued) | | | |\n| □
11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property | □
61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support | | | | |\n| □
12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference
□ | □
68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury
□ | | | | |\n| 13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
□ | 63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan
□ | | | | |\n| 14-Recovery of money/property - other | | 64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation
(other than domestic support) | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
□
21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property | □
65-Dischargeability - other | | | | |\n| | | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property
□ | □
71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay | | | | |\n| 31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h) | □ | 72-Injunctive relief – other | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge | | FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest | | | |\n| □
41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e) | □ | 81-Subordination of claim or interest | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation | | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment | | | |\n| □
51-Revocation of confirmation | □ | 91-Declaratory judgment | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability | | | | | |\n| □
66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action
□
01-Determination of removed claim or cause | | | | |\n| □
62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation, | | | | | |\n| actual fraud | Other | | | | |\n| □
67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny | □
SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq. | | | | |\n| (continued next column) | □ | 02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court | | | |\n| | | if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | | |\n| □ Check if this case involves a substantive issue of state law | □ Check if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23 | | | | |\n| □ Check if a jury trial is demanded in complaint | Demand \\$ | | | | |\n| Other Relief Sought | | | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n\n**B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------|------------------|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR | | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO. | | |\n| Ho Wan Kwok | | 22-50073 (JAM) | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| Connecticut | | Bridgeport | Julie A. Manning | |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFF | DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY | |\n| | | | PROCEEDING NO. | |\n| | | | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| | | | | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| DATE | | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | |\n| | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| February 10, 2024 | | Douglas S. Skalka | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n## **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\nIn re:\n\nHO WAN KWOK, *et al*.,[1](#page-2-0)\n\nChapter 11\n\nCase No. 22-50073 (JAM)\n\nDebtors.\n\n(Jointly Administered)\n\nAdv. Proceeding No. [ ]\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\nLUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE,\n\nPlaintiff,\n\nv.\n\nFebruary 10, 2024\n\nMARCELLA MONICA FALCIANI,\n\nDefendant.\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF FRAUDULENT TRANSFERS AND POSTPETITION TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 544, 548, 549, AND 550 AND NEW YORK DEBTOR & CREDITOR LAW SECTIONS 273, 274, AND 276**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the\n\nchapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this\n\n 1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\nadversary proceeding complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant Marcella Monica Falciani (the \"Defendant\"), stating as follows:\n\n### **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding to avoid and recover: (a) transfers of the Debtor's property prior to the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case; and (b) transfers of property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate after the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case and not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or under Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\").\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter-ego shell companies, G Fashion, Lexington Property and Staffing, Inc. (\"Lexington\"), HCHK Technologies Inc. (\"HCHK), and GFNY Inc. (\"GFNY\"), transferred funds in the amount of \\$211,098.34 prior to the Petition Date (as defined herein) to the Defendant as initial transferee.\n\n3. These transfers were actually fraudulent, because the Debtor effectuated them as part of his \"shell game,\" and they were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n4. Following the Petition Date, the Debtor, through his alter-ego shell company, GFNY, transferred funds in the aggregate amount of \\$120,000.00 to the Defendant as initial transferee.\n\n5. Because these postpetition transfers of estate property were not authorized by the Court or under the Bankruptcy Code, they are subject to avoidance and recovery under sections 549 and 550 of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n# **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n6. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b).\n\n7. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(a).\n\n8. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include sections 544, 548, 549, and 550 of the Bankruptcy Code and New York Debtor & Creditor Law sections 273, 274, and 276 [2](#page-4-0) or any other applicable state law equivalents.\n\n# **THE PARTIES**\n\n9. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n10. The Defendant is an individual with an address at Via Domenico Scarlatti, 5, 20124 Milan, Italy.\n\n# **FACTS**\n\n# **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n 2 All statutory references to New York Debtor and Creditor Law will hereinafter be referred to as \"N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law\". The New York Uniform Voidable Transactions Act (\"NYUVT\") replaced the New York Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act (\"NYUFC\") and became effective on April 4, 2020 and applies to transfers made or obligations incurred on or after April 4, 2020. With respect to transfers prior to April 4, 2020, the Trustee seeks relief in this action under the NYUFC and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 273a, 275, 276 and 278.\n\n11. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the Chapter 11 Case.\n\n12. On March 21, 2022, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n13. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities.[3](#page-5-0) While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and/or transferred through his many alter-ego shell companies, G Fashion, Lexington, HCHK, and GFNY.\n\n14. On June 15, 2022, the Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the Trustee. On July 8, 2022, the Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n### **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n15. G Fashion, Lexington, HCHK, and GFNY are among the numerous alter-ego shell companies used by the Debtor to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors.[4](#page-5-1) For years, the Debtor\n\n 3 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 [Main Case Docket No. 78].\n\n4 The Trustee has or will imminently commence an adversary proceeding against G Fashion and GFNY, which adversary proceeding seeks, among other things, a declaratory judgment that G Fashion and GFNY were the alter egos of the Debtor. The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in such adversary proceeding.\n\nDefault has entered against Lexington and HCHK in the adversary proceeding *Despins v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et. al.* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5013 (the \"HCHK Entities A.P.\"), Docket No. 139), which adversary proceeding seeks, among other things, a declaratory judgment that Lexington and HCHK were the alter egos of the Debtor.\n\nhas orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members, lieutenants, and/or subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use and spend and/or transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets—while concealing his property from creditors.\n\n16. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell companies were his alter-egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief.[5](#page-6-0)\n\n17. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from other Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n### **C. Debtor's Conduct to Hinder, Delay, and/or Defraud Creditors**\n\n18. In addition to the matters addressed in the Trustee's adversary proceedings, the Bankruptcy Court has found that the Debtor was the beneficial owner of Ace Decade Limited (and through it, Dawn State Limited) and that the Debtor controlled and employed Ace Decade Limited's nominee shareholder, Yvette Wang.[6](#page-6-1)\n\nThe Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the HCHK Entities A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5013, Docket No. 1).\n\n5 These include the following adversary proceedings: (i) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]; (vi) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited [Adv. Proc. 23- 05018]; and (vii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. 23-05023].\n\n6 Order Granting Motion to Hold Debtor in Contempt of Corporate Governance Order, ¶¶ 1, 4 (Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372 (\"Corp. Governance Contempt Order\").\n\n19. The Bankruptcy Court has also found that the \"G Entities\" (Gettr, G Fashion, G Music, GClubs, GNews and GEdu), the New Federal State of China and the Rule of Law Foundation, as well as other purportedly independent entities and organizations, were controlled by the Debtor[7](#page-7-0) , led by the Debtor[8](#page-7-1) and/or served \"the purposes of… and as business vehicles of\" the Debtor.[9](#page-7-2)\n\n20. Prior to the Petition Date, Judge Liman of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York found that Eastern Profit Corporation Limited, an entity originally owned by one of the Debtor's chefs before its transfer to Debtor's daughter, was \"in essence, a shell corporation\" for the Debtor.[10](#page-7-3)\n\n21. The Debtor has gone to great lengths to hinder and delay the collection efforts of one of his largest creditors, *i.e.*, Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P. (\"PAX\"). In 2017, PAX sued the Debtor in the Supreme Court of the State of New York (the \"New York Court\"), Index No. 652077/2017 (the \"PAX Case\"), seeking judgment for monies owed. On February 3, 2021, PAX obtained a judgment from the New York Court against the Debtor in the sum of \\$116,402,019.57 (the \"PAX Judgment\"). PAX sought to enforce the PAX Judgment by levying the Debtor's assets—including the Lady May, which the Debtor falsely claimed was owned by his daughter, and the Debtor's luxury apartment in Manhattan, which the Debtor falsely claimed was held in trust for the Debtor's son. The Debtor's defiance of New York Court orders in post-\n\n7 *Corrected Memorandum of Decision Granting in Part Motion for Preliminary Injunction*, ¶ 3 (Adv. Proc. No. 22- 05032, January 13, 2023 (\"The Debtor also controls Saraca Media Group and a related entity 'GTV'\").\n\n8 *Id*. at ¶ 7 (\"The Debtor is the leader of The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF and Himalaya.\").\n\n9 *Id*. (\"The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF, GSeries, and Himalaya serve the purposes of the Debtor, serve as business vehicles for the Debtor, and their members are personally loyal to the Debtor.\").\n\n10 *Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC*, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\njudgment proceedings eventually resulted in the Debtor incurring contempt penalties of \\$134 million.\n\n22. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including G Fashion, Lexington, HCHK, and GFNY, as personal piggy-banks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries on their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos perpetuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme.\n\n23. The Debtor has testified before the Bankruptcy Court that he has insufficient assets to pay his liabilities and that his luxurious lifestyle is funded by his family through businesses nominally held by family members.[11](#page-8-0) The Debtor scheduled only \\$3,850 in assets.[12](#page-8-1)\n\n24. In March 2023, the Debtor was arrested and remains confined pending his trial on federal criminal charges of, among other things, wire fraud, securities fraud, and money laundering.\n\n25. In its criminal indictment of the Debtor, the United States Government asserts that the Debtor and his co-defendants \"utilized more than approximately 500 accounts held in the names of *at least 80 different entities or individuals* to launder more than \\$1 billion in fraud proceeds.\"[13](#page-8-2)\n\n 11 Hearing on Debtor's Motion for Entry of Interim and Final DIP Orders (I) Authorizing the Debtor to Obtain Unsecured, Subordinated Postpetition Financing and (II) Scheduling Interim and Final Hearings, and (III) Granting Related Relief (Main Case, April 27, 2022)\n\n12 *See* n.3\n\n13 *See* Memorandum of Law of the United States of America in Opposition to Defendant Yanping Wang's Motion for Pretrial Release at 29, attached as Exhibit B in the Reply of Chapter 11 Trustee to G Club Operations LLC's Supplemental Objection to Trustee's Motion to Compel and Request for Related Relief (June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934).\n\n26. The property of the Debtor's alter egos, including G Fashion, Lexington, HCHK, and GFNY, was at all times prior to the Petition Date property of the Debtor.\n\n27. At all times relevant herein, the Debtor conducted business in New York, New York, including direction of the prepetition transfers at issue in this Complaint.\n\n### **D. Debtor's Shell Game and Fraud Continues Postpetition**\n\n28. As of the Petition Date, all of the Debtor's property held through his alter egos, including G Fashion, Lexington, HCHK, and GFNY, became property of the chapter 11 estate. *See* 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1).\n\n29. Following the Petition Date, the Debtor, with blatant disregard for the Bankruptcy Court and his obligations under the Bankruptcy Code, continued to effectuate transfers through numerous alter-ego shell companies, including, without limitation, GFNY.\n\n30. None of these postpetition transfers were authorized by the Bankruptcy Court nor were such transfers authorized under the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **E. Transfers Made with Intent to Hinder, Delay, or Defraud Creditors**\n\n31. The Transfers at issue in this Complaint were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors inasmuch as they were all made through the Debtor's alterego shell companies operated as a part of the Debtor's shell game.\n\n32. The Debtor intentionally orchestrated his financial affairs in this manner in order to conceal and dissipate millions of dollars in assets while falsely pleading poverty to his many creditors. The Debtor claimed to be destitute while simultaneously spending heavily to maintain a billionaire lifestyle for himself and for his family members and close associates.\n\n33. The assets concealed and dissipated by the Debtor included funds that he obtained from the victims of his cryptocurrency, securities, and other fraud schemes. As a result of this\n\nconduct, the Debtor faces multiple felony fraud, money laundering, and racketeering charges in a criminal case pending in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. *See United States v. Ho Wan Kwok*, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.).\n\n34. The Debtor knew and intended that by concealing and dissipating his assets in this manner there would not be sufficient assets remaining to repay his creditors—including the many victims of his frauds. These transfers were thus necessarily made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n35. The Defendant is a high-end fashion designer and consultant.\n\n36. The Transfers at issue here were part of the Debtor's practice of dissipating his assets through spending on luxury goods and services. This spending on luxury items was particularly egregious considering that the Debtor was dissipating the proceeds of his frauds.\n\n37. Even while the Debtor claimed to be penniless to his creditors, he simultaneously used his luxurious lifestyle as a marketing tool to promote his fraudulent schemes. Among the many examples of this strategy was the Debtor's \"Hcoin to the Moon\" music video, in which the Debtor flaunts extravagant personal property—including yachts, sports cars, suits, cigars, and home furnishings—to promote investment in one of his fraudulent cryptocurrency ventures.[14](#page-10-0)\n\n38. This further reflects the Debtor's fraudulent intent with respect to the Transfers.\n\n### **F. Investigation and Transfers to Defendant**\n\n39. Prior to the Petition Date, the Debtor, using his alter-ego shell companies, G Fashion, Lexington, HCHK, and GFNY, or otherwise, transferred the Debtor's property to the Defendant (collectively, the \"Prepetition Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n 14 *See* (last visited Jan. 25, 2024). The Debtor published this music video on YouTube in December of 2021, roughly two months prior to the Petition Date.\n\n40. Subsequent to the Petition Date, the Debtor, through his shell company, GFNY, or\n\notherwise, transferred property of the estate to the Defendant (collectively, the \"Postpetition Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE B** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n41. At the time of the Prepetition Transfers and the Postpetition Transfers (collectively,\n\nthe \"Transfers\"), the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of the Debtor's estate.\n\n42. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfers.\n\n### **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n### **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers Pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 548(a)(1)(A) and 550(a))**\n\n43. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-42 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n44. The Prepetition Transfers were made by the Debtor through his alter egos, G Fashion, Lexington, HCHK, and GFNY, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n45. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the Prepetition Transfers is shown by, among other things:\n\na. The Prepetition Transfers were effectuated using an alter-ego shell\n\ncompany;\n\nb. The Prepetition Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Prepetition Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Prepetition Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Prepetition Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Prepetition Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Prepetition Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n46. The Prepetition Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to section 548(a)(i)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code and are recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **SECOND CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 274, and 276, and Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) and 550(a))**\n\n47. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-42 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n48. The Prepetition Transfers were made by the Debtor, through his alter egos, G Fashion, Lexington, HCHK, and GFNY, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n49. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the Prepetition Transfers is shown by, among other things:\n\na. The Prepetition Transfers were effectuated using an alter-ego shell company;\n\nb. The Prepetition Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Prepetition Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Prepetition Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Prepetition Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Prepetition Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Prepetition Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n50. The Prepetition Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276, and section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **THIRD CLAIM**\n\n### **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Unauthorized Postpetition Transfers pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 549 and 550(a))**\n\n51. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-42 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n52. The Postpetition Transfers were made to the Defendant by the Debtor, including through his alter-ego shell company, GFNY.\n\n53. The Postpetition Transfers occurred after the Petition Date.\n\n54. The Postpetition Transfers were not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or by the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n55. The Postpetition Transfers constituted the unauthorized transfer of property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate.\n\n56. The Postpetition Transfers are avoidable pursuant to section 549(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n57. Pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code, the Trustee is entitled to recover the Postpetition Transfers, or the value thereof, from the Defendant plus interest thereon to the date of payment and the costs of this action.\n\n*[THE REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK.]*\n\n### **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. On the First Claim, an order declaring that the Prepetition Transfers in an amount not less than \\$211,098.34 are avoided pursuant to section 548(a)(1)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code; (b) an order directing that the Prepetition Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Prepetition Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. On the Second Claim, an order declaring that (a) the Prepetition Transfers in an amount not less than \\$211,098.34 are avoided pursuant to section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2), 274 and 276; (b) an order directing that the Prepetition Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Prepetition Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law section 276 and section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n3. On the Third Claim, an order (a) declaring that the Postpetition Transfers in an amount not less than \\$120,000.00 are avoided pursuant to section 549 of the Bankruptcy Code; and (b) an order directing that the Postpetition Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Postpetition Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n4. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n5. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n[*Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank*]\n\nDated: February 10, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: /s/ \\_\\_Douglas Skalka\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_*\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_* Douglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 [dskalka@npmlaw.com](mailto:dskalka@npmlaw.com) [plinsey@npmlaw.com](mailto:plinsey@npmlaw.com) *Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\n# **SCHEDULE A**\n\n### **FILED UNDER SEAL**\n\nCase 22-50073 Doc 2670 Filed 02/10/24 Entered 02/10/24 17:51:16 Page 20 of 20\n\n### **SCHEDULE B**\n\n**FILED UNDER SEAL**","body_zh":"B1040（表格 1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗程序封面页\n（背面附说明） 对抗程序编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n原告 被告\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第 11 章受托人 Marcella Monica Falciani（玛塞拉·莫妮卡·法尔恰尼）\n律师（律所名称、地址及电话号码） 律师\n（如已知）\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡），Patrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）\nNeubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.（诺伊伯特、佩佩及蒙蒂思律师事务所）\n195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510\n(203)781-2847\n当事人（仅勾选一个方框） 当事人（仅勾选一个方框）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国\n受托人/破产管理人 □ 债务人\n□ 美国受托人/破产\n管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他 □ 债权人 □ 其他\n□ 受托人 □ 受托人\n诉讼原因\n（简要说明诉讼原因，包括所涉全部美国法令）\n第 11 章受托人依据《破产法典》第 544、548、549 和\n550 条以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第 273、274 和 276 条，就撤销及追回欺诈性转让、优先转让和\n申请破产后转让及相关救济提出的起诉状\n诉讼性质\n（从主要诉讼原因为 1 开始，第一替代诉讼原因为 2，第二替代诉讼原因为 3，依此类推，最多编号五（5）个方框。）\nFRBP 7001(1)－追回金钱/财产 FRBP 7001(6)－可免责性（续）\n□\n11－追回金钱/财产－§542 财产交付 □\n61－可免责性－§523(a)(5)，家庭扶养\n□\n12－追回金钱/财产－§547 优先转让\n□ □\n68－可免责性－§523(a)(6)，故意及恶意损害\n□\n13－追回金钱/财产－§548 欺诈性转让\n□ 63－可免责性－§523(a)(8)，学生贷款\n□\n14－追回金钱/财产－其他 64－可免责性－§523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\n（家庭扶养义务除外）\nFRBP 7001(2)－留置权的效力、优先权或范围\n□\n21－留置权或财产中其他权益的效力、优先权或范围 □\n65－可免责性－其他\nFRBP 7001(7)－禁令救济\nFRBP 7001(3)－批准出售财产\n□ □\n71－禁令救济－施加中止\n31－批准出售破产财团财产及共同所有人财产－§363(h) □ 72－禁令救济－其他\nFRBP 7001(4)－异议/撤销免责 FRBP 7001(8) 债权或权益劣后\n□\n41－对免责提出异议/撤销免责－§727(c),(d),(e) □ 81－债权或权益劣后\nFRBP 7001(5)－撤销确认 FRBP 7001(9) 确认判决\n□\n51－撤销确认 □ 91－确认判决\nFRBP 7001(6)－可免责性\n□\n66－可免责性－§523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税务债权 FRBP 7001(10) 移送诉讼的裁定\n□\n01－对移送债权或诉讼原因的裁定\n□\n62－可免责性－§523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述、\n实际欺诈 其他\n□\n67－可免责性－§523(a)(4)，受托人欺诈、侵占、盗窃 □\nSS－SIPA 案件－15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\n（续下栏） □ 02－其他（例如，如与破产案件无关本应在州法院提起的其他诉讼\n）\n□ 如本案涉及州法实体问题，请勾选 □ 如主张本案系依据 FRCP 23 的集体诉讼，请勾选\n□ 如在起诉状中要求陪审团审判，请勾选 请求金额 \\$\n请求的其他救济\n\nB1040（表格 1040）（12/15）\n\n本对抗程序所由发生的破产案件\n\n债务人姓名 破产案件编号\nHo Wan Kwok（郭文贵） 22-50073 (JAM)\n案件待决地区 分院办公地 法官姓名\nConnecticut（康涅狄格州） Bridgeport（布里奇波特） Julie A. Manning（朱莉·A·曼宁）\n相关对抗程序（如有）\n原告 被告 对抗\n程序编号\n\n对抗程序待决地区 分院办公地 法官姓名\n\n律师（或原告）签名\n\n日期 律师（或原告）姓名正楷\n\nFebruary 10, 2024 Douglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡）\n说明\n\n提交破产案件会在破产法院管辖下设立一项“破产财团”，其由债务人的全部财产构成，无论该等财产位于何处。由于破产财团范围广泛且法院管辖权极其宽泛，可能会就破产财团的财产或财产权利发生诉讼。还可能会有涉及债务人免责的诉讼。此类诉讼如在破产法院提起，称为对抗程序。\n\n提起对抗程序的一方还必须填写并提交表格 1040，即《对抗程序封面页》，除非该方通过法院的案件管理/电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提起对抗程序。（CM/ECF 会在提交过程中获取表格 1040 上的信息。）填写完成后，该封面页概述对抗程序的基本信息。法院书记员需要该等信息以处理对抗程序并编制关于法院活动的法定统计报告。\n\n封面页及其所载信息并不替代或补充法律、《破产规则》或法院地方法规所要求的诉状或其他文件的提交和送达。该封面页大部分内容不言自明，必须由原告律师填写（如原告未由律师代理，则由原告填写）。每提交一份起诉状，均须向书记员另行提交一份封面页。\n\n原告和被告。请按照起诉状中显示的原样填写原告和被告姓名。\n\n律师。如已知，请填写律师姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。请在第一栏为原告勾选最适当的方框，并在第二栏为被告勾选最适当的方框。\n\n请求金额。填写起诉状中请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面页必须由登记在案的律师在表格第二页的方框中签署。如原告由律师事务所代理，则必须由该事务所的一名成员签署。如原告自行诉讼，即未由律师代理，则必须由原告签署。\n\n美国康涅狄格州联邦破产法院布里奇波特分院\n\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────── x\n\n关于：\n\nHO WAN KWOK（郭文贵）等人，[1]\n\n第 11 章\n\n案件编号 22-50073 (JAM)\n\n债务人。\n\n（合并管理）\n\n对抗程序编号 [ ]\n\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────── x\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第 11 章受托人，\n\n原告，\n\n诉\n\nFebruary 10, 2024\n\nMARCELLA MONICA FALCIANI（玛塞拉·莫妮卡·法尔恰尼），\n\n被告。\n\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────── x\n\n第 11 章受托人依据《破产法典》第 544、548、549 和 550 条以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第 273、274 和 276 条，就撤销及追回欺诈性转让和申请破产后转让及相关救济提出的起诉状\n\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）以在 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（“债务人”或“Kwok”）第 11 章案件（“第 11 章案件”）中获任命的第 11 章受托人（“受托人”）身份，针对被告 Marcella Monica Falciani（玛塞拉·莫妮卡·法尔恰尼）（“被告”）提交本对抗程序起诉状（“起诉状”），陈述如下：\n\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人提起本对抗程序，以撤销及追回：(a) 本第 11 章案件开始前对债务人财产作出的转让；以及 (b) 本第 11 章案件开始后对债务人第 11 章破产财团财产作出的、未经破产法院或《美国法典》第 11 编（“破产法典”）授权的转让。\n\n2. 债务人通过其另我空壳公司 G Fashion、Lexington Property and Staffing, Inc.（“Lexington”）、HCHK Technologies Inc.（“HCHK”）和 GFNY Inc.（“GFNY”），在申请日（定义见下文）之前向作为初始受让人的被告转让了金额为 \\$211,098.34 的资金。\n\n3. 该等转让属于实际欺诈性转让，因为债务人将其作为其“空壳把戏”的一部分实施，且作出该等转让的意图是阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人的债权人。\n\n4. 在申请日后，债务人通过其另我空壳公司 GFNY，向作为初始受让人的被告转让了合计金额为 \\$120,000.00 的资金。\n\n5. 由于该等破产申请后对破产财团财产作出的转让未经法院或《破产法典》授权，故其可依据《破产法典》第 549 和 550 条予以撤销及追回。\n\n管辖权和审判地\n\n6. 本法院依据 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b) 对本对抗程序享有事项管辖权。\n\n7. 本对抗程序已依据 28 U.S.C. § 157(a) 移交本法院审理。\n\n8. 本案所请求救济的法定依据包括《破产法典》第 544、548、549 和 550 条以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第 273、274 和 276 条[2]，或任何其他适用的州法等同规定。\n\n当事人\n\n9. 受托人系依据破产法院于 July 8, 2022 作出的命令，在第 11 章案件中担任第 11 章受托人[案件编号 22-50073（“主案”）案卷编号 523]。\n\n10. 被告为个人，地址为 Via Domenico Scarlatti, 5, 20124 Milan, Italy。\n\n事实\n\nA. 第 11 章案件\n\n11. 债务人于 February 15, 2022 在 United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut（美国康涅狄格州联邦破产法院）（“破产法院”）根据《破产法典》第 11 章自愿提交救济申请（“申请日”），从而开始第 11 章案件。\n\n12. 于 March 21, 2022，Office of the United States Trustee（美国受托人办公室）在本第 11 章案件中任命了一个无担保债权人官方委员会。尚未任命审查员。\n\n13. 债务人于 March 2022 向破产法院提交的破产财产清单主张，其拥有 \\$3,850 的资产，并已产生数亿美元的负债。[3] 尽管债务人的确负债累累，但其财产清单未披露由其众多另我空壳公司 G Fashion、Lexington、HCHK 和 GFNY 持有和/或转让的债务人财产。\n\n14. 于 June 15, 2022，法院作出决定备忘录和命令[主案案卷编号 465]，指示美国受托人在第 11 章案件中任命一名第 11 章受托人。根据该命令，美国受托人选定 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）为受托人。于 July 8, 2022，法院作出命令，批准任命 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）为第 11 章案件的受托人[主案案卷编号 523]。\n\nB. 债务人对空壳公司的使用及受托人的对抗程序\n\n15. G Fashion、Lexington、HCHK 和 GFNY 属于债务人用于阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的众多另我空壳公司。[4] 多年来，债务人\n\n1 本第 11 章案件中的债务人为 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（亦称 Guo Wengui、Miles Guo 和 Miles Kwok，以及许多其他别名）（税务识别号码后四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（税务识别号码后四位：8202）和 Genever Holdings Corporation。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC 和 Genever Holdings Corporation 的邮寄地址为 Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，c/o Luc A. Despins，作为 Ho Wan Kwok 破产财团的受托人（仅为通知和通信之目的）。\n\n2 以下对《纽约州债务人与债权人法》的所有法条引用均简称为“N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law”。《纽约州统一可撤销交易法》（“NYUVT”）取代了《纽约州统一欺诈性让与法》（“NYUFC”），并于 April 4, 2020 生效，适用于在 April 4, 2020 当日或之后作出的转让或承担的义务。对于 April 4, 2020 之前的转让，受托人在本诉讼中依据 NYUFC 及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第 273、273a、275、276 和 278 条寻求救济。\n\n3 《资产和负债清单》，第 1 页[主案案卷编号 78]。\n\n4 受托人已对或将立即对 G Fashion（G时尚）和 GFNY（GFNY）提起对抗程序；该对抗程序除其他事项外，寻求作出确认判决，确认 G Fashion 和 GFNY 系债务人（Debtor）的另我。受托人在此通过援引并入该对抗程序中提交的受托人起诉状。\n\n在对抗程序 Despins v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et. al.（对抗程序编号 23-5013（“HCHK Entities A.P.”），案卷编号 139）中，Lexington（列克星敦）和 HCHK（HCHK）已被作出缺席判决；该对抗程序除其他事项外，寻求作出确认判决，确认 Lexington 和 HCHK 系债务人的另我。\n\n其策划了一场“空壳游戏”，使用由家庭成员、亲信和/或下属名义持有、但实际上由债务人控制的错综复杂的空壳公司网络。这一空壳游戏使债务人得以使用、支出和/或转移数百万美元现金及其他资产，同时向债权人隐瞒其财产。\n\n16. 自其获任以来，受托人已在第11章案件中提起多项对抗程序，除其他事项外，以确立债务人的空壳公司系其另我，和/或该等公司及其资产在衡平法上归债务人所有；破产法院已在数个案件中准予该等救济。[5]\n\n17. 这些诉讼中的事实模式一贯包括：(i) 由债务人控制、由近亲属和/或下属持有的空壳公司，(ii) 使用来自其他由债务人控制实体的现金购置的资产，和/或无对价转让给或在空壳实体之间转让的资产，以及 (iii) 债务人从该等资产中受益并对其拥有控制权和支配权。\n\nC. 债务人为阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债权人所实施的行为\n\n18. 除受托人对抗程序中处理的事项外，破产法院还认定，债务人系 Ace Decade Limited（Ace Decade有限公司）（并通过该公司系 Dawn State Limited（Dawn State有限公司））的受益所有人，且债务人控制并利用了 Ace Decade Limited 的名义股东 Yvette Wang（王悦）。[6]\n\n受托人在此通过援引并入其在 HCHK Entities A.P.（对抗程序编号 23-5013，案卷编号 1）中提交的受托人起诉状。\n\n5 该等对抗程序包括：(i) Luc A. Despins（吕克·A·德斯潘斯）, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC（香港国际基金投资（美国）有限公司）, et al. [对抗程序编号 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC（格林尼治土地有限责任公司）, et al. [对抗程序编号 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo（郭美）[对抗程序编号 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc.（HCHK科技公司）, et al. [对抗程序编号 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC（金牛基金有限责任公司）, et al. [对抗程序编号 23-05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited（黄金泉〔纽约〕有限公司）[对抗程序编号 23-05018]；以及 (vii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC（灯塔资本有限责任公司）, et al. [对抗程序编号 23-05023]。\n\n6 准予认定债务人藐视公司治理命令之动议的命令，第 ¶¶ 1, 4 段（Jan. 24, 2023，案卷编号 1372（“公司治理藐视命令”）。\n\n19. 破产法院还认定，“G实体”（Gettr（Gettr）、G Fashion、G Music（G音乐）、GClubs（G俱乐部）、GNews（G新闻）和 GEdu（G教育））、New Federal State of China（中国新联邦国家）及 Rule of Law Foundation（法治基金会），以及其他声称独立的实体和组织，均由债务人控制[7]、由债务人领导[8]和/或“服务于……债务人的目的，并作为债务人的业务工具”。[9]\n\n20. 在申请日之前，United States District Court for the Southern District of New York（美国纽约南区联邦地区法院）的 Liman 法官认定，Eastern Profit Corporation Limited（东方盈利有限公司）——该实体最初由债务人的一名厨师所有，后转让给债务人的女儿——“本质上是”债务人的“空壳公司”。[10]\n\n21. 债务人为阻碍和拖延其最大债权人之一 Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P.（太平洋联盟亚洲机会基金有限合伙企业）（“PAX”）的追偿工作，不遗余力。2017年，PAX 在 Supreme Court of the State of New York（纽约州最高法院）（“纽约法院”）起诉债务人，案卷号为 652077/2017（“PAX案件”），请求就所欠款项作出判决。On February 3, 2021，PAX 获得纽约法院针对债务人的判决，金额为 \\$116,402,019.57（“PAX判决”）。PAX 试图通过扣押债务人的资产来执行 PAX 判决，其中包括 Lady May（“Lady May”）——债务人虚假声称其由其女儿所有——以及债务人在 Manhattan（曼哈顿）的豪华公寓——债务人虚假声称该公寓为其儿子以信托方式持有。债务人在后判决程序中抗拒纽约法院命令，最终导致其被处以 \\$134 million 的藐视法庭罚款。\n\n7 经更正的部分准予初步禁令动议的决定备忘录，第 ¶ 3 段（对抗程序编号 22-05032，January 13, 2023（“债务人还控制 Saraca Media Group（萨拉卡媒体集团）及相关实体‘GTV’。”）\n\n8 同上，第 ¶ 7 段（“债务人是 The Whistleblower Movement（吹哨人运动）、NFSC（NFSC）、ROLF（ROLF）和 Himalaya（喜马拉雅）的领导人。”）。\n\n9 同上（“The Whistleblower Movement、NFSC、ROLF、GSeries（G系列）和 Himalaya 服务于债务人的目的，作为债务人的业务工具，其成员对债务人个人忠诚。”）。\n\n10 Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC（东方盈利有限公司诉战略愿景美国有限责任公司）, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n22. 债务人还将其另我，包括 G Fashion、Lexington、HCHK 和 GFNY，作为个人钱袋，用以资助其本人及其家人习以为常的奢侈生活方式，同时将资产隐匿于这些另我之中，以逃避债权人，并阻碍和拖延债权人就其债权获得清偿。债务人通过这些另我实施的转让延续了债务人的欺诈计划。\n\n23. 债务人已在破产法院作证称，其资产不足以偿付其负债，且其奢侈生活方式由其家人通过名义上由家庭成员持有的企业提供资金。[11] 债务人仅在财产清单中列报 \\$3,850 的资产。[12]\n\n24. In March 2023，债务人被逮捕，并因包括电信欺诈、证券欺诈和洗钱在内的联邦刑事指控而在审判前持续被羁押。\n\n25. United States Government（美国政府）在针对债务人的刑事起诉书中主张，债务人及其共同被告“利用以至少 80 个不同实体或个人名义持有的约 500 多个账户，对超过 \\$1 billion 的欺诈所得进行洗钱。”[13]\n\n11 债务人关于作出临时及最终 DIP 命令之动议的听证会：(I) 授权债务人获得无担保、次级的申请后融资；(II) 安排临时及最终听证会；以及 (III) 准予相关救济（主案，April 27, 2022）\n\n12 见注3\n\n13 见 United States of America（美利坚合众国）反对被告 Yanping Wang（王燕平）审前释放动议的法律备忘录，第29页；该备忘录作为附件B附于 Chapter 11 Trustee（第11章受托人）就 G Club Operations LLC（G俱乐部运营有限责任公司）对受托人强制履行动议及相关救济请求的补充异议所作答复（June 23, 2023，主案案卷编号 1934）。\n\n26. 债务人另我的财产，包括 G Fashion、Lexington、HCHK 和 GFNY，在申请日之前的任何时候均为债务人的财产。\n\n27. 在与本案有关的所有期间内，债务人在 New York, New York（纽约州纽约市）从事商业活动，包括指示本起诉状所涉的申请前转让。\n\nD. 债务人的空壳游戏和欺诈在申请后仍在继续\n\n28. 截至申请日，债务人通过其另我持有的全部财产，包括 G Fashion、Lexington、HCHK 和 GFNY，均成为第11章破产财团的财产。见 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1)。\n\n29. 申请日后，债务人公然无视破产法院及其在 Bankruptcy Code（破产法典）项下的义务，继续通过众多作为另我的空壳公司实施转让，包括但不限于 GFNY。\n\n30. 这些申请后转让均未经破产法院授权，亦未获破产法典授权。\n\nE. 为阻碍、拖延或欺诈债权人而作出的转让\n\n31. 本起诉状所涉转让，均通过债务人作为其空壳游戏一部分运营的另我空壳公司作出，因此均系意图阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人债权人而作出。\n\n32. 债务人故意以此方式安排其财务事务，以便在向其众多债权人虚假声称贫困的同时，隐匿和耗散数百万美元资产。债务人声称自己一贫如洗，同时却大肆挥霍，为其本人、家人及亲密关联人维持亿万富翁的生活方式。\n\n33. 债务人隐匿和耗散的资产，包括其从其加密货币、证券及其他欺诈计划受害人处取得的资金。由于该等行为，债务人在 United States District Court for the Southern District of New York 面临一宗待决刑事案件中的多项重罪欺诈、洗钱和敲诈勒索指控。见 United States v. Ho Wan Kwok（美利坚合众国诉郭文贵）, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.).\n\n34. 债务人明知并意图通过以此方式隐匿和耗散其资产，将不会留有足够资产偿还其债权人——包括其众多欺诈行为的受害人。因此，这些转让必然系意图阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人的债权人而作出。\n\n35. 被告是一名高端时装设计师和顾问。\n\n36. 本案所涉转让是债务人通过购买奢侈品和服务耗散其资产这一做法的一部分。鉴于债务人正在耗散其欺诈所得，对奢侈品的该等支出尤为严重。\n\n37. 即使债务人向其债权人声称自己身无分文，其同时仍将其奢侈生活方式用作推广其欺诈计划的营销工具。该策略的众多例子之一，是债务人的“Hcoin to the Moon（H币登月）”音乐视频；债务人在该视频中炫耀包括游艇、跑车、西装、雪茄和家居陈设在内的奢华个人财产，以推广对其一项欺诈性加密货币项目的投资。[14]\n\n38. 这进一步反映了债务人就该等转让所具有欺诈意图。\n\nF. 调查及向被告作出的转让\n\n39. 在申请日前，债务人通过其作为另我的空壳公司 G Fashion、Lexington、HCHK 和 GFNY，或以其他方式，向被告转让债务人的财产（统称“申请前转让”），包括但不限于如下：\n\n见附于本文件并构成本文件一部分的附表A。\n\n14 见 （最后访问于 Jan. 25, 2024）。债务人于 December of 2021 在 YouTube（YouTube）上发布该音乐视频，约在申请日前两个月。\n\n40. 在申请日后，债务人通过其空壳公司 GFNY 或以其他方式，向被告转让破产财团财产（统称“申请后转让”），包括但不限于如下：\n\n见附于本文件并构成本文件一部分的附表B。\n\n41. 在申请前转让和申请后转让（统称“该等转让”）作出时，债务人对债务人破产财团的债权人负有未清偿债务。\n\n42. 被告是该等转让的初始受让人。\n\n第一项请求\n（根据 Bankruptcy Code（破产法典）第 548(a)(1)(A) 条和第 550(a) 条撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让的请求）\n\n43. 受托人重述并再次主张第1至42段所载主张，如同在此完整列明。\n\n44. 债务人通过其另我，即 G Fashion（G Fashion公司）、Lexington（莱克星顿）、HCHK（HCHK）和 GFNY（GFNY），以实际意图阻碍、拖延和／或欺诈其债权人，作出了申请前转让。\n\n45. 债务人在实施申请前转让时阻碍、拖延和／或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，体现在：\n\na. 申请前转让系通过使用一家另我空壳公司实施；\n\nb. 申请前转让被隐瞒，未向债务人的债权人披露；\n\nc. 申请前转让系债务人为隐瞒和保护资产，在其控制的家庭成员及其他助手和下属的协助下进行的“空壳把戏”的一部分；\n\nd. 申请前转让使债务人能够从其欺诈行为中获益，而不使其财产受制于其债权人的追索，从而进一步促成了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 申请前转让使债务人能够从其欺诈行为中获利，而不使其财产受制于其债权人的追索，从而进一步促成了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在申请前转让时，债务人正遭受诉讼，包括 PAX（PAX）在 PAX Case（PAX案）中对其提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在申请前转让时，债务人资不抵债或资本不足。\n\n46. 根据《破产法典》第 548(a)(i)(A) 条，受托人可以撤销申请前转让；根据《破产法典》第 550(a) 条，可以追收该等转让。\n\n第二项请求\n（根据《纽约州债务人与债权人法》N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law 第 273、274 和 276 条以及《破产法典》第 544(b) 和 550(a) 条，请求撤销及追收实际欺诈性转让）\n\n47. 受托人重申并再次主张第 1-42 段所载指控，如同在此完整载明。\n\n48. 债务人通过其另我，即 G Fashion、Lexington、HCHK 和 GFNY，以实际意图阻碍、拖延和／或欺诈其债权人，作出了申请前转让。\n\n49. 债务人在实施申请前转让时阻碍、拖延和／或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，体现在：\n\na. 申请前转让系通过使用一家另我空壳公司实施；\n\nb. 申请前转让被隐瞒，未向债务人的债权人披露；\n\nc. 申请前转让系债务人为隐瞒和保护资产，在其控制的家庭成员及其他助手和下属的协助下进行的“空壳把戏”的一部分；\n\nd. 申请前转让使债务人能够从其欺诈行为中获益，而不使其财产受制于其债权人的追索，从而进一步促成了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 申请前转让使债务人能够从其欺诈行为中获利，而不使其财产受制于其债权人的追索，从而进一步促成了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在申请前转让时，债务人正遭受诉讼，包括 PAX 在 PAX案中对其提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在申请前转让时，债务人资不抵债或资本不足。\n\n50. 根据《纽约州债务人与债权人法》N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law 第 273(a)(1)、274 和 276 条及《破产法典》第 544(b) 条，受托人可以撤销申请前转让；根据《破产法典》第 550(a) 条，可以追收该等转让。\n\n第三项请求\n（根据《破产法典》第 549 和 550(a) 条，请求撤销及追收未经授权的申请后转让）\n\n51. 受托人重申并再次主张第 1-42 段所载指控，如同在此完整载明。\n\n52. 债务人向被告作出了申请后转让，包括通过其另我空壳公司 GFNY 作出的转让。\n\n53. 申请后转让发生于申请日之后。\n\n54. 申请后转让未经破产法院或《破产法典》授权。\n\n55. 申请后转让构成对债务人第 11 章破产财产的未经授权转让。\n\n56. 根据《破产法典》第 549(a) 条，可以撤销申请后转让。\n\n57. 根据《破产法典》第 550(a) 条，受托人有权向被告追收申请后转让或其价值，并追收截至付款日的利息及本案费用。\n\n［本页其余部分特意留白。］\n\n救济请求\n\n因此，基于上述理由，受托人谨请求作出如下判决：\n\n1. 就第一项请求，作出命令，宣告根据《破产法典》第 548(a)(1)(A) 条，金额不少于 \\$211,098.34 的申请前转让予以撤销；(b) 命令撤销该等申请前转让；以及 (c) 根据《破产法典》第 550(a)(1) 条，为债务人破产财产的利益，向被告追收申请前转让，或由受托人选择追收其价值；\n\n2. 就第二项请求，作出命令，宣告 (a) 根据《破产法典》第 544(b) 条及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law 第 273(a)(2)、274 和 276 条，金额不少于 \\$211,098.34 的申请前转让予以撤销；(b) 命令撤销该等申请前转让；以及 (c) 根据《纽约州债务人与债权人法》N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law 第 276 条及《破产法典》第 550(a)(1) 条，为债务人破产财产的利益，向被告追收申请前转让，或由受托人选择追收其价值；\n\n3. 就第三项请求，作出命令，(a) 宣告根据《破产法典》第 549 条，金额不少于 \\$120,000.00 的申请后转让予以撤销；以及 (b) 命令撤销该等申请后转让；以及 (c) 根据《破产法典》第 550(a)(1) 条，为债务人破产财产的利益，向被告追收申请后转让，或由受托人选择追收其价值；\n\n4. 向受托人裁定自提交本起诉状之日起至本案判决作出之日止，按法定最高利率计算的判决前利息；以及\n\n5. 法院在具体情形下认为公正、适当或衡平的其他及进一步救济。\n\n［本页其余部分特意留白］\n\n日期：February 10, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯）第 11 章受托人\n\n签署人：/s/ __Douglas Skalka________*____* Douglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡）(ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）(ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.（纽伯特、佩佩与蒙蒂思律师事务所） 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 [dskalka@npmlaw.com] [plinsey@npmlaw.com] 第 11 章受托人代理律师\n\n附件 A\n密封提交\n\nCase 22-50073 Doc 2670 Filed 02/10/24 Entered 02/10/24 17:51:16 Page 20 of 20\n\n附件 B\n\n密封提交","key_entities":["HCHK","Despins","Je","Kwok","Ho Wan Kwok","Guo","Himalaya","Miles Guo","Yanping Wang","GTV","Saraca","GETTR","Paul Hastings","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[{"doc_number":215,"court":"CTB"}],"word_count":5145,"status":"published","published_at":"2024-02-10 00:00:00","created_at":"2024-02-10","updated_at":"2026-08-23 20:18:48"}