{"id":"court_ctb_2709_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":2709,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":null,"title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | |\n|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS | DEFENDANTS | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.) | ATTORNEYS
(If Known) | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only)
□ Debtor
□ U.S.
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin
□ Creditor
□ Other
□ Trustee | PARTY (Check One Box Only)
□ Debtor
□ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin
□ Creditor
□ Other
□ Trustee | | |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION
(WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED)
NATURE OF SUIT
(Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property
□
11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property
□
12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference
□
13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
□
14-Recovery of money/property - other
FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
□ | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued)
□
61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support
□
68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury
□
63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan
□
64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation
(other than domestic support)
□
65-Dischargeability - other | | |\n| 21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property
FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property
□
31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h)
FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief
□
71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay
□
72-Injunctive relief – other
FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest | | |\n| □
41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e)
FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation
□
51-Revocation of confirmation | □
81-Subordination of claim or interest
FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment
□
91-Declaratory judgment | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability
□
66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims
□
62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation,
actual fraud
□
67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny
(continued next column) | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action
□
01-Determination of removed claim or cause
Other
□
SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.
□
02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court
if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | |\n| □ Check if this case involves a substantive issue of state law
□ Check if a jury trial is demanded in complaint | □ Check if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23
Demand \\$ | | |\n| Other Relief Sought | | | |\n\n#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------|-----------------------------|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR | | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO. | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFF | DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY
PROCEEDING NO. | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | |\n| DATE | | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n# **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | | x |\n|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------|---------------------------------------------------|\n| In re: | :
: | Chapter 11 |\n| 1
HO WAN KWOK,
et al., | :
: | Case No. 22-50073 (JAM) |\n| | :
Debtors.
:
: | (Jointly Administered) |\n| -----------------------------------------------------------
:
LUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11
:
TRUSTEE,
:
:
Plaintiff,
:
v.
:
:
: | | x
Adv. Proceeding No. [ ]
February 11, 2024 |\n| MODSQUAD INC., | :
: | |\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | Defendant.
:
: | x |\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF FRAUDULENT TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 544, 548 AND 550 AND NEW YORK DEBTOR & CREDITOR LAW SECTIONS 273, 274, AND 276**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the\n\nchapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this\n\n1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\nadversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant ModSquad Inc. (the \"Defendant\"), stating as follows:\n\n## **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding under Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\") to avoid and recover transfers of the Debtor's property prior to the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case.\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter ego shell companies, Lexington Property and Staffing Inc. (\"Lexington\") and HCHK Technologies, Inc. (\"HCHK Technologies\"), transferred funds in the amount of \\$646,730.55 prior to the Petition Date to the Defendant as initial transferee.\n\n3. These transfers were actually fraudulent, because the Debtor effectuated them as part of his \"shell game,\" and they were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n# **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b).\n\n5. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(a).\n\n6. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include sections 544, 548, and 550 of the Bankruptcy Code and New York Debtor & Creditor Law sections 273, 274, and 276 2 or any other applicable state law equivalents.\n\n2 All statutory references to New York Debtor and Creditor Law will hereinafter be referred to as \"N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law\". The New York Uniform Voidable Transactions Act (\"NYUVT\") replaced the New York Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act (\"NYUFC\") and became effective on April 4, 2020 and applies to transfers made or obligations incurred on or after April 4, 2020. With respect to transfers prior to April 4, 2020, the Trustee seeks relief in this action under the NYUFC and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law §§273, 273-a, 274, 275, 276 and 278.\n\n### **THE PARTIES**\n\n7. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n8. The Defendant is a corporation with an address and place of business located at 2018 19th Street, Sacramento, California.\n\n### **FACTS**\n\n#### **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n9. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Court\" or \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the Chapter 11 Case.\n\n10. On March 21, 2022, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n11. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities.3 While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and/or transferred through his many alter ego shell companies, including, Lexington and HCHK Technologies.\n\n12. On June 15, 2022, the Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11 trustee in the\n\n3 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 [Main Case Docket 78].\n\nChapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the Trustee. On July 8, 2022, the Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n#### **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n13. Lexington and HCHK Technologies are among the numerous alter ego shell companies used by the Debtor to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors.4 For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members, lieutenants, and/or subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use and spend and/or transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets—while concealing his property from creditors.\n\n14. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell companies were his alter egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several adversary proceedings the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief.5\n\n4 Default has entered against HCHK Technologies and Lexington in the adversary proceeding *Despins v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et. al.* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5013 (the \"HCHK Entities A.P.\"), Docket No. 139), which adversary proceeding seeks, among other things, a declaratory judgment that HCHK Technologies and Lexington were the alter egos of the Debtor. The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the HCHK Entities A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5013, Docket No. 1).\n\n5 These include the following adversary proceedings: (i) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]; (vi) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited [Adv. Proc. 23- 05018]; and (vii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. 23-05023].\n\n15. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from other Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n#### **C. Debtor's Conduct to Hinder, Delay, and/or Defraud Creditors**\n\n16. In addition to the matters addressed in the Trustee's adversary proceedings, the Bankruptcy Court has found that the Debtor was the beneficial owner of Ace Decade Limited (and through it, Dawn State Limited) and that the Debtor controlled and employed Ace Decade Limited's nominee shareholder, Yvette Wang.6\n\n17. The Bankruptcy Court has also found that the \"G Entities\" (Gettr, G Fashion, G Music, GClubs, GNews and GEdu), the New Federal State of China and the Rule of Law Foundation, as well as other purportedly independent entities and organizations, were controlled by the Debtor,7 led by the Debtor8 and/or served \"the purposes of… and as business vehicles of\" the Debtor.9\n\n18. Prior to the Petition Date, Judge Liman of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York found that Eastern Profit Corporation Limited, an entity originally\n\n6 Order Granting Motion to Hold Debtor in Contempt of Corporate Governance Order, ¶¶ 1, 4 (Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372 (\"Corp. Governance Contempt Order\").\n\n7 *Corrected Memorandum of Decision Granting in Part Motion for Preliminary Injunction*, ¶ 3 (Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032, January 13, 2023 (\"The Debtor also controls Saraca Media Group and a related entity 'GTV'\").\n\n8 *Id*. at ¶ 7 (\"The Debtor is the leader of The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF and Himalaya.\").\n\n9 *Id*. (\"The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF, GSeries, and Himalaya serve the purposes of the Debtor, serve as business vehicles for the Debtor, and their members are personally loyal to the Debtor.\").\n\nowned by one of the Debtor's chefs before its transfer to Debtor's daughter, was \"in essence, a shell corporation\" for the Debtor.10\n\n19. The Debtor has gone to great lengths to hinder and delay the collection efforts of one of his largest creditors, *i.e.*, Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P. (\"PAX\"). In 2017, PAX sued the Debtor in the Supreme Court of the State of New York (the \"New York Court\"), Index No. 652077/2017 (the \"PAX Case\"), seeking judgment for monies owed. On February 3, 2021, PAX obtained a judgment from the New York Court against the Debtor in the sum of \\$116,402,019.57 (the \"PAX Judgment\"). PAX sought to enforce the PAX Judgment by levying the Debtor's assets—including the Lady May, which the Debtor falsely claimed was owned by his daughter, and the Debtor's luxury apartment in Manhattan, which the Debtor falsely claimed was held in trust for the Debtor's son. The Debtor's defiance of New York Court orders in postjudgment proceedings eventually resulted in the Debtor incurring contempt penalties of \\$134 million.\n\n20. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including Lexington and HCHK Technologies, as personal piggy-banks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries on their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos effectuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme.\n\n10 *Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC*, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n21. The Debtor has testified before the Bankruptcy Court that he has insufficient assets to pay his liabilities and that his luxurious lifestyle is funded by his family through businesses nominally held by family members.11 The Debtor scheduled only \\$3,850 in assets.12\n\n22. In March 2023, the Debtor was arrested and remains confined pending his trial on federal criminal charges of, among other things, wire fraud, securities fraud, and money laundering.\n\n23. In its criminal indictment of the Debtor, the United States Government asserts that the Debtor and his co-defendants \"utilized more than approximately 500 accounts held in the names of *at least 80 different entities or individuals* to launder more than \\$1 billion in fraud proceeds.\"13\n\n24. The property of the Debtor's alter egos, including Lexington and HCHK Technologies, was at all times prior to the Petition Date property of the Debtor.\n\n25. At all times relevant herein, the Debtor conducted business in New York, New York, including direction of the Transfers (as defined herein).\n\n### **D. Transfers Made with Intent to Hinder, Delay, or Defraud Creditors**\n\n26. The Transfers at issue in this Complaint were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors inasmuch as they were all made through the Debtor's alterego shell companies operated as a part of the Debtor's shell game.\n\n11 Hearing on Debtor's Motion for Entry of Interim and Final DIP Orders (I) Authorizing the Debtor to Obtain Unsecured, Subordinated Postpetition Financing and (II) Scheduling Interim and Final Hearings, and (III) Granting Related Relief (Main Case, April 27, 2022)\n\n12 *See* n.3\n\n13 *See* Memorandum of Law of the United States of America in Opposition to Defendant Yanping Wang's Motion for Pretrial Release at 29, attached as Exhibit B in the Reply of Chapter 11 Trustee to G Club Operations LLC's Supplemental Objection to Trustee's Motion to Compel and Request for Related Relief (June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934).\n\n27. The Debtor intentionally orchestrated his financial affairs in this manner in order to conceal and dissipate millions of dollars in assets while falsely pleading poverty to his many creditors. The Debtor claimed to be destitute while simultaneously spending heavily to maintain a billionaire lifestyle for himself and for his family members and close associates.\n\n28. The assets concealed and dissipated by the Debtor included funds that he obtained from the victims of his cryptocurrency, securities, and other fraud schemes. As a result of this conduct, the Debtor faces multiple felony fraud, money laundering, and racketeering charges in a criminal case pending in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. *See United States v. Ho Wan Kwok*, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.).\n\n29. The Debtor knew and intended that by concealing and dissipating his assets in this manner there would not be sufficient assets remaining to repay his creditors—including the many victims of his frauds. These transfers were thus necessarily made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n#### **E. Transfers to the Defendant**\n\n30. Prior to the Petition Date, the Debtor, using his alter ego shell companies, Lexington and HCHK Technologies, or otherwise, transferred the Debtor's property to the Defendant (collectively, the \"Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n31. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of the Debtor's estate.\n\n32. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfers.\n\n8\n\n### **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n## **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers Pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 548(a)(1)(A) and 550(a))**\n\n33. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-32 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n34. The Transfers were made by the Debtor through his alter egos, Lexington and HCHK Technologies, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n35. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the\n\nTransfers is shown by, among other things:\n\n- a. The Transfers were effectuated using an alter ego shell company;\n- b. The Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n- c. The Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n36. The Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to section 548(a)(i)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code and are recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **SECOND CLAIM**\n\n## **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 274, and 276, and Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) and 550(a))**\n\n37. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-32 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n38. The Transfers were made by the Debtor, through his alter egos, Lexington and HCHK Technologies, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n39. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the\n\nTransfers is shown by, among other things:\n\n- a. The Transfers were effectuated using an alter ego shell company;\n- b. The Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n- c. The Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he\n\ncontrolled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n10\n\n40. The Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276, and section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n*[THE REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK.]*\n\n#### **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. On the First Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$646,730.55 are avoided pursuant to section 548(a)(1)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code; (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. On the Second Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$646,730.55 are avoided pursuant to section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276; (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law section 276 and section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n3. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n4. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n12\n\nDated: February 11, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: /s/ Douglas Skalka\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_*\\_\\_\\_\\_* Douglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 dskalka@npmlaw.com plinsey@npmlaw.com *Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\n# **SCHEDULE A**\n\n# **FILED UNDER SEAL**","body_zh":"B1040（表格1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗程序封面页\n（说明见背面） 对抗程序编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n原告 被告\n律师（律师事务所名称、地址和电话号码） 律师\n（如已知）\n当事人（仅勾选一项）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国受托人/破产管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他\n□ 受托人 当事人（仅勾选一项）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国受托人/破产管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他\n□ 受托人\n诉讼原因\n（简要说明诉讼原因，包括所涉全部美国法条）\n诉讼性质\n（最多勾选五（5）项，主要诉讼原因列为1，第一项备选诉讼原因列为2，第二项备选诉讼原因列为3，依此类推。）\nFRBP 7001(1) – 追回金钱/财产\n□\n11-追回金钱/财产 - §542 财产交付\n□\n12-追回金钱/财产 - §547 优先受偿\n□\n13-追回金钱/财产 - §548 欺诈性转让\n□\n14-追回金钱/财产 - 其他\nFRBP 7001(2) – 担保权益的有效性、优先顺位或范围\n□ FRBP 7001(6) – 债务可否免除（续）\n□\n61-债务可否免除 - §523(a)(5)，家庭扶养义务\n□\n68-债务可否免除 - §523(a)(6)，故意及恶意损害\n□\n63-债务可否免除 - §523(a)(8)，学生贷款\n□\n64-债务可否免除 - §523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\n（家庭扶养义务除外）\n□\n65-债务可否免除 - 其他\n21-担保权益或其他财产权益的有效性、优先顺位或范围\nFRBP 7001(3) – 批准出售财产\n□\n31-批准出售破产财产及共同所有人财产 - §363(h)\nFRBP 7001(4) – 对债务免除提出异议/撤销债务免除 FRBP 7001(7) – 禁令救济\n□\n71-禁令救济 – 实施中止\n□\n72-禁令救济 – 其他\nFRBP 7001(8) 债权或权益劣后受偿\n□\n41-对债务免除提出异议/撤销债务免除 - §727(c),(d),(e)\nFRBP 7001(5) – 撤销确认\n□\n51-撤销确认 □\n81-债权或权益劣后受偿\nFRBP 7001(9) 确认判决\n□\n91-确认判决\nFRBP 7001(6) – 债务可否免除\n□\n66-债务可否免除 - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税收债权\n□\n62-债务可否免除 - §523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述、\n实际欺诈\n□\n67-债务可否免除 - §523(a)(4)，作为受托人的欺诈、侵占、盗窃\n（续见下一栏） FRBP 7001(10) 对移送诉讼的裁定\n□\n01-对被移送债权或诉讼原因的裁定\n其他\n□\nSS-SIPA案件 – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\n□\n02-其他（例如，如与破产案件无关本应在州法院提起的其他诉讼）\n□ 如本案涉及州法实体问题，请勾选\n□ 如起诉状中请求陪审团审判，请勾选 □ 如主张本案根据FRCP 23构成集体诉讼，请勾选\n请求金额 \\$\n请求的其他救济\nB1040（表格1040）（12/15）\n\n本对抗程序所涉破产案件\n\n债务人姓名 破产案件编号\n案件审理地区 分院办公室 法官姓名\n关联对抗程序（如有）\n原告 被告 对抗\n程序编号\n对抗程序审理地区 分院办公室 法官姓名\n律师（或原告）签名\n日期 律师（或原告）姓名正楷\n说明\n\n提交破产案件将在破产法院管辖下设立“破产财团”，该财团包括债务人的全部财产，无论该等财产位于何处。由于破产财团范围广泛，且法院管辖权十分宽泛，可能会就破产财团的财产或财产权利提起诉讼。也可能存在涉及债务人债务免除的诉讼。如该等诉讼在破产法院提起，则称为对抗程序。\n\n提交对抗程序的一方还必须填写并提交表格1040，即对抗程序封面页，除非该方通过法院的案件管理/电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提交对抗程序。（CM/ECF在提交过程中收集表格1040上的信息。）填写完成后，封面页概述对抗程序的基本信息。法院书记员需要该等信息以处理对抗程序并编制所需的法院活动统计报告。\n\n封面页及其中所载信息并不替代或补充法律、《破产程序规则》或法院地方法规所要求提交和送达的诉状或其他文件。该封面页大部分内容不言自明，必须由原告律师填写（如原告未由律师代理，则由原告填写）。每提交一份起诉状，均须向书记员另行提交一份封面页。\n\n原告和被告。请准确填写起诉状中所列原告和被告的姓名。\n\n律师。如已知，请填写律师的姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。请在第一栏为原告勾选最适当的选项，并在第二栏为被告勾选最适当的选项。\n\n请求金额。填写起诉状中请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面页必须由登记在案的律师在表格第二页的方框内签署。如原告由律师事务所代理，则必须由该所成员签署。如原告自行诉讼，即未由律师代理，则必须由原告签署。\n\nUNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION（美国康涅狄格州联邦破产法院布里奇波特分院）\n\n----------------------------------------------------------- x\n\n关于： :\n: 第11章\n\nHO WAN KWOK（郭文贵），\n等人， :\n: 案件编号：22-50073 (JAM)\n\n债务人。\n:\n: （合并管理）\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（吕克·A·德斯平斯），第11章\n:\n受托人，\n:\n:\n原告，\n:\n诉\n:\n:\n: x\n对抗程序编号：[ ]\n2024年2月11日\nMODSQUAD INC.（ModSquad公司）， :\n\n----------------------------------------------------------- 被告。\n:\n: x\n第11章受托人为根据《破产法》第544、548和550条以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第273、274和276条寻求撤销和追回欺诈性转让及相关救济而提交的起诉状\n\nLuc A. Despins，以获任命担任Ho Wan Kwok（“债务人”或“Kwok”）第11章案件（“第11章案件”）第11章受托人（“受托人”）的身份，提起本\n\n1 本第11章案件中的债务人为Ho Wan Kwok（亦称Guo Wengui、Miles Guo和Miles Kwok，以及众多其他别名）（税务识别号后四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（Genever Holdings有限责任公司）（税务识别号后四位：8202）以及Genever Holdings Corporation（Genever Holdings公司）。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC和Genever Holdings Corporation的邮寄地址为：Paul Hastings LLP（Paul Hastings律师事务所），200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，转交作为Ho Wan Kwok破产财团受托人的Luc A. Despins（仅用于通知和通信）。\n\n对抗程序起诉状（“起诉状”），针对被告ModSquad Inc.（“被告”），陈述如下：\n\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人根据《美国法典》第11编（“破产法”）提起本对抗程序，以撤销并追回在本第11章案件开始前对债务人财产作出的转让。\n\n2. 债务人通过其另我空壳公司Lexington Property and Staffing Inc.（Lexington物业与人员配置公司）（“Lexington”）和HCHK Technologies, Inc.（HCHK科技公司）（“HCHK Technologies”），于申请日前向作为初始受让人的被告转让了金额为\\$646,730.55的资金。\n\n3. 这些转让具有实际欺诈性，因为债务人将其作为其“空壳游戏”的一部分予以实施，且该等转让系出于阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人债权人的意图作出。\n\n管辖权和审判地\n\n4. 本法院根据28 U.S.C. § 1334(b)对本对抗程序具有事项管辖权。\n\n5. 本对抗程序已根据28 U.S.C. § 157(a)移交本法院审理。\n\n6. 本案所请求救济的法定依据包括《破产法》第544、548和550条以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第273、274和276条2，或任何其他适用的等同州法规定。\n\n2 下文对《纽约州债务人与债权人法》的所有法条引用均称为“《纽约州债务人与债权人法》”。《纽约州统一可撤销交易法》（“NYUVT”）取代了《纽约州统一欺诈性让与法》（“NYUFC”），并于2020年4月4日生效，适用于在2020年4月4日或之后作出的转让或承担的义务。对于2020年4月4日之前的转让，受托人在本诉讼中根据NYUFC和《纽约州债务人与债权人法》§§273, 273-a, 274, 275, 276 and 278寻求救济。\n\n当事人\n\n7. 受托人系第11章案件中的第11章受托人，依据破产法院于2022年7月8日作出的命令[案件编号22-50073（“主案件”）案卷编号523]任命。\n\n8. 被告是一家公司，其地址及营业地点位于2018 19th Street, Sacramento, California。\n\n事实\n\nA. 第11章案件\n\n9. 债务人于2022年2月15日（“申请日”）在United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut（康涅狄格州联邦破产法院）（“法院”或“破产法院”）根据《破产法》第11章提交自愿救济申请，从而启动第11章案件。\n\n10. 2022年3月21日，美国受托人办公室在本第11章案件中任命了无担保债权人正式委员会。尚未任命审查员。\n\n11. 债务人于2022年3月向破产法院提交的破产财产清单声称，其拥有\\$3,850资产，并承担了数亿美元的负债。3 尽管债务人确实负债累累，但其财产清单未披露债务人通过其众多另我空壳公司持有和/或转让的财产，包括Lexington和HCHK Technologies。\n\n12. 2022年6月15日，法院作出决定备忘录及命令[主案件案卷编号465]，指示美国受托人在第11章案件中任命一名第11章受托人。根据该命令，美国受托人选定Luc A. Despins担任受托人。2022年7月8日，法院作出命令，批准任命Luc A. Despins担任第11章案件的受托人[主案件案卷编号523]。\n\n3 资产和负债清单，第1页[主案件案卷编号78]。\n\nB. 债务人对空壳公司的使用及受托人的对抗程序\n\n13. Lexington和HCHK Technologies是债务人用于阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的众多另我空壳公司之一。4 多年来，债务人策划了一场“空壳游戏”，利用由家庭成员、亲信和/或下属名义持有、但实际上由债务人控制的复杂空壳公司网络。该空壳游戏使债务人得以使用、支出和/或转让数百万美元的现金及其他资产，同时向债权人隐瞒其财产。\n\n14. 自获任命以来，受托人在第11章案件中提起了多项对抗程序，旨在除其他事项外确认债务人的空壳公司系其另我，和/或该等公司及其资产在衡平法上归债务人所有；破产法院已在若干对抗程序中准许该等救济。5\n\n4 在对抗程序Despins v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et. al.（Adv. Proc. No. 23-5013（“HCHK实体对抗程序”），案卷编号139）中，HCHK Technologies和Lexington已被作出缺席裁定；该对抗程序寻求的救济包括确认HCHK Technologies和Lexington系债务人的另我的确认判决。受托人通过援引方式将受托人在HCHK实体对抗程序中提交的起诉状（Adv. Proc. No. 23-5013，案卷编号1）纳入本案。\n\n5 这些对抗程序包括： (i) 第 11 章受托人 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）诉 HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC（香港国际基金投资（美国）有限公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]；(ii) 第 11 章受托人 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）诉 Greenwich Land LLC（格林尼治土地有限责任公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]；(iii) 第 11 章受托人 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）诉 Mei Guo（郭美）案 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]；(iv) 第 11 章受托人 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）诉 HCHK Technologies, Inc.（HCHK 科技公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]；(v) 第 11 章受托人 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）诉 Taurus Fund LLC（金牛基金有限责任公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]；(vi) 第 11 章受托人 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）诉 Golden Spring (New York) Limited（金泉〔纽约〕有限公司）案 [Adv. Proc. 23- 05018]；以及 (vii) 第 11 章受托人 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）诉 Lamp Capital LLC（蓝普资本有限责任公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. 23-05023]。\n\n15. 这些诉讼中的事实模式一贯涉及：(i) 由近亲属和/或下属持有的、受债务人控制的空壳公司；(ii) 以来自其他受债务人控制实体的现金购买，和/或在空壳实体之间无对价转移的资产；以及 (iii) 债务人从该等资产中受益，并对其拥有控制权和支配权。\n\nC. 债务人为阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债权人而实施的行为\n\n16. 除受托人对抗程序中所处理的事项外，破产法院（Bankruptcy Court）还认定，债务人是 Ace Decade Limited（艾斯十年有限公司）（并通过该公司成为 Dawn State Limited（黎明州有限公司））的实益所有人，且债务人控制并使用了 Ace Decade Limited 的名义股东 Yvette Wang（王伊维特）。6\n\n17. 破产法院还认定，“G Entities”（G 实体）（Gettr、G Fashion、G Music、GClubs、GNews 和 GEdu）、New Federal State of China（新中国联邦）及 Rule of Law Foundation（法治基金会），以及其他名义上独立的实体和组织，均由债务人控制，7 由债务人领导，8 和/或服务于债务人的“目的……并作为债务人的商业载体”。9\n\n18. 在申请日之前，United States District Court for the Southern District of New York（美国纽约南区联邦地区法院）的 Liman 法官认定，Eastern Profit Corporation Limited（东方利润有限公司）——一家最初由债务人的一名厨师所有、后转让给债务人女儿的实体——“实质上是”债务人的一家“空壳公司”。10\n\n6 准许动议以裁定债务人藐视公司治理命令的裁定，第 ¶¶ 1, 4 段（Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372（“Corp. Governance Contempt Order”））。\n\n7 部分准许初步禁令动议的经更正裁决备忘录，第 ¶ 3 段（Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032, January 13, 2023（“债务人还控制 Saraca Media Group（萨拉卡媒体集团）及一关联实体‘GTV’”））。\n\n8 同上，第 ¶ 7 段（“债务人是 The Whistleblower Movement（吹哨人运动）、NFSC、ROLF 和 Himalaya（喜马拉雅）的领导人。”）。\n\n9 同上。（“The Whistleblower Movement、NFSC、ROLF、GSeries 和 Himalaya 服务于债务人的目的，作为债务人的商业载体，其成员对债务人个人忠诚。”）。\n\n该公司实质上是债务人的空壳公司。10\n\n19. 债务人竭尽全力阻碍和拖延其最大债权人之一，即 Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P.（太平洋联盟亚洲机会基金，有限合伙企业）（“PAX”）的追偿工作。2017 年，PAX 在 Supreme Court of the State of New York（纽约州最高法院）（“New York Court”）以 Index No. 652077/2017（“PAX Case”）起诉债务人，请求就所欠款项作出判决。2021 年 2 月 3 日，PAX 从纽约州法院取得针对债务人的 \\$116,402,019.57 判决（“PAX Judgment”）。PAX 试图通过扣押债务人的资产来执行 PAX 判决——包括 Lady May，债务人虚假声称该资产由其女儿所有；以及债务人在 Manhattan（曼哈顿）的豪华公寓，债务人虚假声称该公寓为其儿子以信托形式持有。债务人在判决后程序中拒不遵从纽约州法院命令，最终导致其被处以 \\$134 million 的藐视法庭罚款。\n\n20. 债务人还将其另我实体，包括 Lexington（列克星敦）和 HCHK Technologies，当作个人钱袋使用，为其本人及家人已习惯的奢华生活方式提供资金，同时将资产隐藏在这些另我实体中以躲避债权人，并阻碍和拖延债权人就其债权获得追偿。债务人通过这些另我实体实施的转让，实施了债务人的欺诈计划。\n\n10 Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n21. 债务人在破产法院作证称，其资产不足以偿还债务，且其奢华生活方式由其家人通过名义上由家庭成员持有的企业提供资金。11 债务人仅申报 \\$3,850 的资产。12\n\n22. 2023 年 3 月，债务人被逮捕，并在就包括电信欺诈、证券欺诈和洗钱在内的联邦刑事指控受审前持续被羁押。\n\n23. 美国政府在其对债务人的刑事起诉书中主张，债务人及其共同被告“利用以至少 80 个不同实体或个人名义持有的约 500 多个账户，对超过 \\$1 billion 的欺诈所得进行洗钱。”13\n\n24. 债务人另我实体的财产，包括 Lexington 和 HCHK Technologies 的财产，在申请日之前任何时候均为债务人的财产。\n\n25. 在与本案有关的所有期间，债务人在 New York, New York（纽约州纽约市）从事业务，包括指示转让（定义见本文）。\n\nD. 为阻碍、拖延或欺诈债权人而作出的转让\n\n26. 本诉状所涉转让，均通过债务人的另我空壳公司作出，该等公司作为债务人空壳游戏的一部分运营；因此，该等转让系意图阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人的债权人而作出。\n\n11 关于债务人请求作出临时及最终 DIP 命令的听证会：(I) 授权债务人取得无担保、次级的申请后融资；及 (II) 安排临时及最终听证会；以及 (III) 准予相关救济（Main Case, April 27, 2022）\n\n12 参见注释 3\n\n13 参见 United States of America（美利坚合众国）反对被告 Yanping Wang（王艳萍）审前释放动议的法律备忘录，第 29 页；该备忘录作为附件 B 附于第 11 章受托人就 G Club Operations LLC（G Club 运营有限责任公司）补充反对受托人强制执行动议及相关救济请求所作答复中（June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934）。\n\n27. 债务人故意以此方式安排其财务事务，以在向其众多债权人虚假声称贫困的同时，隐匿并挥霍数百万美元的资产。债务人声称自己身无分文，却同时大量支出，以维持其本人、家人及密切关联人的亿万富翁生活方式。\n\n28. 债务人隐匿并挥霍的资产包括其从其加密货币、证券及其他欺诈计划的受害人处获得的资金。由于该等行为，债务人在 United States District Court for the Southern District of New York（美国纽约南区联邦地区法院）待决的刑事案件中面临多项重罪欺诈、洗钱及敲诈勒索指控。参见 United States v. Ho Wan Kwok, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.)。\n\n29. 债务人明知并意图通过以此方式隐匿和挥霍其资产，将不会留下足够资产偿还其债权人——包括其众多欺诈行为的受害人。因此，该等转让必然系意图阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人的债权人而作出。\n\nE. 向被告作出的转让\n\n30. 在申请日之前，债务人通过其另我空壳公司 Lexington 和 HCHK Technologies，或以其他方式，向被告转让债务人的财产（合称“Transfers”），包括但不限于如下：\n\n参见随附并构成本文件一部分的附件 A。\n\n31. 在转让时，债务人对债务人破产财产的债权人负有未清偿债务。\n\n32. 被告是该等转让的初始受让人。\n\n第一项请求\n（依据 Bankruptcy Code sections 548(a)(1)(A) and 550(a) 撤销及追回实际欺诈性转让的请求）\n\n33. 受托人重申并再次主张第 1 至 32 段所载指控，如同在本文中完整列明。\n\n34. 债务人通过其另我实体 Lexington 和 HCHK Technologies 作出该等转让时，具有阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的实际意图。\n\n35. 债务人在实施该等转让时阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，由下列事实表明：\n\na. 该等转让系使用另我空壳公司实施；\n\nb. 该等转让对债务人的债权人予以隐瞒；\n\nc. 该等转让系债务人“空壳游戏”的一部分，并在债务人所控制的家庭成员及其他亲信和下属的协助下实施，以隐匿及保护资产；\n\nd. 该等转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈中受益，而不使其财产处于其债权人可追索的范围内，进一步促成了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 该等转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈中获利，而不使其财产处于其债权人可追索的范围内，进一步促成了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在转让时，债务人正被起诉，包括 PAX 在 PAX 案件中对其提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在转让时，债务人无力清偿债务或资本不足。\n\n36. 受托人可依据 Bankruptcy Code section 548(a)(i)(A) 撤销该等转让，并可依据 Bankruptcy Code section 550(a) 追回该等转让。\n\n第二项请求\n（依据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 274, and 276, and Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) and 550(a) 撤销及追回实际欺诈性转让的请求）\n\n37. 受托人重申并再次主张第 1 至 32 段所载指控，如同在本文中完整列明。\n\n38. 债务人通过其另我实体 Lexington 和 HCHK Technologies 作出该等转让时，具有阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的实际意图。\n\n39. 债务人在实施该等转让时阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，由下列事实表明：\n\na. 该等转让系使用另我空壳公司实施；\n\nb. 该等转让对债务人的债权人予以隐瞒；\n\nc. 该等转让系债务人“空壳游戏”的一部分，并在债务人所控制的家庭成员及其他亲信和下属的协助下实施，以隐匿及保护资产；\n\nd. 该等转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈中受益，而不使其财产处于其债权人可追索的范围内，进一步促成了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 该等转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈中获利，而不使其财产处于其债权人可追索的范围内，进一步促成了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在转让时，债务人正被起诉，包括 PAX 在 PAX 案件中对其提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在转让时，债务人无力清偿债务或资本不足。\n\n40. 受托人可依据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276, and Bankruptcy Code section 544(b) 撤销该等转让，并可依据 Bankruptcy Code section 550(a) 追回该等转让。\n\n[本页其余部分特意留白。]\n\n救济请求\n\n因此，基于上述理由，受托人谨请求作出如下判决：\n\n1. 就第一项请求，(a) 作出裁定，宣告金额不少于 \\$646,730.55 的该等转让依据 Bankruptcy Code section 548(a)(1)(A) 予以撤销；(b) 作出命令，指示撤销该等转让；以及 (c) 为债务人破产财产的利益，依据 Bankruptcy Code section 550(a)(1)，向被告追回该等转让，或由受托人选择追回其价值。\n\n2. 就第二项请求，(a) 作出命令，宣告根据《破产法》第 544(b) 条以及 N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law 第 273(a)(1)、274 及 276 条，不少于 $646,730.55 的该等转让应予撤销；(b) 作出命令，指示撤销该等转让；以及 (c) 根据 N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law 第 276 条及《破产法》第 550(a)(1) 条，为债务人财产的利益，自被告处追回该等转让，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n3. 判给受托人自提交本起诉状之日起至本案判决之日止按最高法定利率计算的判决前利息；以及\n\n4. 法院在该等情形下认为公正、适当或衡平的其他及进一步救济。\n\n日期：February 11, 2024\nNew Haven（纽黑文）, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯）\nCHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE（第11章受托人）\n\n代理人：/s/ Douglas Skalka____________*_____* Douglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡）（ct00616）\nPatrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）（ct29437）\nNEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.（纽伯特、佩佩及蒙蒂斯律师事务所）\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor\nNew Haven, Connecticut 06510\n(203) 781-2847\ndskalka@npmlaw.com\nplinsey@npmlaw.com\n第11章受托人代理律师\n\n附表 A\n密封提交\n英文","key_entities":["HCHK","Despins","Je","Kwok","Ho Wan Kwok","Guo","Himalaya","Miles Guo","Yanping Wang","GTV","Saraca","GETTR","Paul Hastings","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[{"doc_number":215,"court":"CTB"}],"word_count":4012,"status":"published","published_at":null,"created_at":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-23 18:52:52"}