{"id":"court_ctb_2711_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":2711,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":"2024-02-11","title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse) | | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | |\n|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS | DEFENDANTS | | | |\n| Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee | | Empire Blue Cross Blue Shield | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.) | ATTORNEYS | (If Known) | | |\n| Douglas S. Skalka, Patrick R. Linsey
Neubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.
195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510
(203)781-2847 | | | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only) | | PARTY (Check One Box Only) | | |\n| □ Debtor
□ U.S.
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin | □ Debtor | □ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin | | |\n| □ Creditor
□ Other | □ Creditor | □ Other | | |\n| □ Trustee | □ Trustee | | | |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION | | (WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED) | | |\n| Complaint of Chapter 11 Trustee seeking avoidance and recovery of postpetition transfers and
related relief pursuant to Bankruptcy Code Section 549 and 550 | | | | |\n| NATURE OF SUIT | | | | |\n| (Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property | | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued) | | |\n| □
11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property
□ | □
□ | 61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support | | |\n| 12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference
□ | □ | 68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury | | |\n| 13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
□
14-Recovery of money/property - other | □ | 63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan
64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation | | |\n| | | (other than domestic support) | | |\n| FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
□ | □ | 65-Dischargeability - other | | |\n| 21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property | □ | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief
71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay | | |\n| □
31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h) | □ | 72-Injunctive relief – other | | |\n| FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge | | | | |\n| □
41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e) | □ | FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest
81-Subordination of claim or interest | | |\n| | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation
□
51-Revocation of confirmation | □ | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment | | |\n| | | 91-Declaratory judgment | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability
□ | | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action | | |\n| 66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims
□ | □ | 01-Determination of removed claim or cause | | |\n| 62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation,
actual fraud | Other | | | |\n| □
67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny | □ | SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq. | | |\n| (continued next column) | □ | 02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court | | |\n| | | if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | |\n| □ Check if this case involves a substantive issue of state law | | □ Check if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23 | | |\n| □ Check if a jury trial is demanded in complaint | Demand \\$ | | | |\n| Other Relief Sought | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n\n#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------|------------------|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR | | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO. | | |\n| Ho Wan Kwok | | 22-50073 (JAM) | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| Connecticut | | Bridgeport | Julie A. Manning | |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFF | DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY | |\n| | | | PROCEEDING NO. | |\n| | | | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| | | | | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| /s/ Douglas S. Skalka | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| DATE | | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | |\n| | | | | |\n| 2/11/2024 | | Douglas S. Skalka | | |\n| | | | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n# **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n| -----------------------------------------------------------
x | |\n|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------|\n| :
In re:
: | Chapter 11 |\n| :
1
HO WAN KWOK,
et al.,
: | Case No. 22-50073 (JAM) |\n| :
Debtors.
:
: | (Jointly Administered) |\n| -----------------------------------------------------------
x
:
LUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11
:
TRUSTEE,
:
:
Plaintiff,
:
v.
:
: | Adv. Proceeding No. [
] |\n| :
: | February
11, 2024 |\n| EMPIRE BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD,
: | |\n| :
Defendant.
:
x
----------------------------------------------------------- | |\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF POSTPETITION TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 549 AND 550**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the chapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this adversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant Empire Blue Cross Blue Shield (the \"Defendant\"), stating as follows:\n\n1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\n#### **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding to avoid and recover transfers of property of the Debtor's estate effectuated by the Debtor after the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case and not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or under Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\").\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter-ego shell companies, Lamp Capital LLC (\"Lamp Capital\"), Golden Spring (New York) Limited (\"Golden Spring\"), and HCHK Technologies Inc. (\"HCHK Technologies\"), transferred funds in the amount of \\$535,695.51 after the Petition Date (as defined herein) to the Defendant as initial transferee.\n\n3. Because these postpetition transfers of estate property were not authorized by the Court or under the Bankruptcy Code, they are subject to avoidance and recovery under sections 549 and 550 of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b).\n\n5. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(a).\n\n6. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include 11 U.S.C. §§ 549 and 550.\n\n## **THE PARTIES**\n\n7. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n8. The Defendant is a domestic company with offices located at 220 Virginia Avenue, Mail Point IN0202-B560, Indianapolis, Indiana 46204.\n\n## **FACTS**\n\n## **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n9. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the Bankruptcy Code on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Court\" or \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the above-captioned chapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\").\n\n10. On March 21, 2022, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n11. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities[.](#page-4-0)2 While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and transferred through his many alter-ego shell companies, including Lamp Capital, Golden Spring, and HCHK Technologies.\n\n12. On June 15, 2022, the Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the Trustee. On July 8, 2022, the Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n2 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 (Main Case, Docket No. 78).\n\n## **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n13. Lamp Capital, Golden Spring, and HCHK Technologies are among the numerous alter-ego shell companies used by the Debtor to defraud his creditors.[3](#page-5-0) For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members and subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use, spend, and transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets—while concealing his property from creditors.\n\n14. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell companies were his alter-egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several adversary proceedings, the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief.4\n\n3 Default has entered against HCHK Technologies in the adversary proceeding *Despins v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et. al* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5013 (the \"HCHK Entities A.P.\"), Docket No. 139), which adversary proceeding seeks, among other things, a declaratory judgment that HCHK Technologies was the alter ego of the Debtor. The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the HCHK Entities A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5013, Docket No. 1).\n\nThe Court has entered judgment to the effect that Golden Spring was the Debtor's alter ego. *See Despins v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5018 (the \"Golden Spring A.P.\"), Docket No. 35). The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the Golden Spring A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5018, Docket No. 1).\n\nThe Court has entered judgment to the effect that Lamp Capital was the Debtor's alter ego. *See Despins v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023 (the \"Lamp Capital A.P.\"), Docket No. 66). The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the Lamp Capital A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23- 5023, Docket No. 1).\n\n4 These include the following adversary proceedings: (i) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]; (vi) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited* [Adv. Proc. 23- 05018]; and (vii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. 23-05023].\n\n15. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from other Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n16. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including Lamp Capital, Golden Spring, and HCHK Technologies, as personal piggy-banks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries on their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos perpetuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme. The property of these alter egos, including Lamp Capital, Golden Spring, and HCHK Technologies, was at all times prior to the Petition Date property of the Debtor.\n\n### **C. Debtor's Shell Game and Fraud Continues Postpetition**\n\n17. As of the Petition Date, all of the Debtor's property held through his alter egos, including Lamp Capital, Golden Spring, and HCHK Technologies, became property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate. *See* 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1).\n\n18. Following the Petition Date, the Debtor, with blatant disregard for the Bankruptcy Court and his obligations under the Bankruptcy Code, continued to effectuate transfers through numerous alter-ego shell companies, including, without limitation, Lamp Capital, Golden Spring, and HCHK Technologies.\n\n19. None of these postpetition transfers were authorized by the Bankruptcy Court nor were such transfers authorized under the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n5\n\n## **D. Transfers to the Defendant**\n\n20. Subsequent to the Petition Date, the Debtor, through shell companies including Lamp Capital, Golden Spring, and HCHK Technologies, or otherwise, transferred property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate to the Defendant (collectively, the \"Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** Attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n21. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of the Debtor's estate.\n\n22. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfers.\n\n### **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n## **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Unauthorized Postpetition Transfers pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 549 and 550(a))**\n\n23. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-22 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n24. The Transfers were made to the Defendant by the Debtor, including through his alter-ego shell companies, Lamp Capital, Golden Spring, and HCHK Technologies.\n\n25. The Transfers occurred after the Petition Date.\n\n26. The Transfers were not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or by the Bankruptcy\n\nCode.\n\n27. The Transfers constituted the unauthorized transfer of property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate.\n\n28. The Transfers are avoidable pursuant to section 549(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n29. Pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code, the Trustee is entitled to recover the Transfers, or the value thereof, from the Defendant plus interest thereon to the date of payment and the costs of this action.\n\n### **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. An order (a) declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$535,695.51 are avoided pursuant to section 549 of the Bankruptcy Code; and (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n3. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n[*Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank*]\n\nDated: February 11, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: /s/ \\_Douglas Skalka\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_*\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_* Douglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 [dskalka@npmlaw.com](mailto:dskalka@npmlaw.com) [plinsey@npmlaw.com](mailto:plinsey@npmlaw.com) *Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\nCase 22-50073 Doc 2711 Filed 02/11/24 Entered 02/11/24 14:30:23 Page 11 of 11\n\n## **SCHEDULE A**\n\n**FILED UNDER SEAL**","body_zh":"B1040（FORM 1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗程序封面页\n（说明见背面） 对抗程序编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n原告 被告\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A.·德斯平斯），第11章受托人 Empire Blue Cross Blue Shield（帝国蓝十字蓝盾）\n律师（律师事务所名称、地址和电话号码） 律师 （如已知）\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S.·斯卡尔卡），Patrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R.·林赛）\nNeubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.（纽伯特、佩佩与蒙蒂思律师事务所）\n195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510\n(203)781-2847\n当事人（仅勾选一个方框） 当事人（仅勾选一个方框）\n□ 债务人\n□ U.S.\nTrustee/Bankruptcy Admin □ 债务人 □ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy\nAdmin\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他 □ 债权人 □ 其他\n□ 受托人 □ 受托人\n诉因 （简要说明诉因，包括所涉全部美国法典条文）\n第11章受托人依据《破产法》第549条和第550条，请求撤销并追回申请提交后转让及\n寻求相关救济的起诉状\n诉讼性质\n（从主要诉因开始编号为1、第一备选诉因为2、第二备选诉因为3，依此类推，最多编号五（5）个方框。）\nFRBP 7001(1) – 追回金钱/财产 FRBP 7001(6) – 可免责性（续）\n□\n11-追回金钱/财产 - §542 交还财产\n□ □\n□ 61-可免责性 - §523(a)(5)，家庭扶养义务\n12-追回金钱/财产 - §547 优先受偿\n□ □ 68-可免责性 - §523(a)(6)，故意及恶意损害\n13-追回金钱/财产 - §548 欺诈性转让\n□\n14-追回金钱/财产 - 其他 □ 63-可免责性 - §523(a)(8)，学生贷款\n64-可免责性 - §523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\n（家庭扶养义务除外）\nFRBP 7001(2) – 留置权的有效性、优先权或范围\n□ □ 65-可免责性 - 其他\n21-留置权或其他财产权益的有效性、优先权或范围\nFRBP 7001(3) – 批准财产出售 □ FRBP 7001(7) – 禁令救济\n71-禁令救济 – 实施中止\n□\n31-批准出售破产财团财产及共同所有人财产 - §363(h) □ 72-禁令救济 – 其他\nFRBP 7001(4) – 对免责提出异议/撤销免责\n□\n41-对免责提出异议/撤销免责 - §727(c),(d),(e) □ FRBP 7001(8) 债权或权益劣后\n81-债权或权益劣后\n\nFRBP 7001(5) – 撤销确认\n□\n51-撤销确认 □ FRBP 7001(9) 确认判决\n91-确认判决\nFRBP 7001(6) – 可免责性\n□ FRBP 7001(10) 对移送诉讼的裁定\n66-可免责性 - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税务债权\n□ □ 01-对移送债权或诉因的裁定\n62-可免责性 - §523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述、\n实际欺诈 其他\n□\n67-可免责性 - §523(a)(4)，受托人欺诈、侵占、盗窃 □ SS-SIPA 案件 – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\n（续见下一栏） □ 02-其他（例如，如与破产案件无关本应在州法院提起的其他诉讼）\n□ 如本案涉及州法实体问题，请勾选 □ 如主张本案为依据 FRCP 23 提起的集体诉讼，请勾选\n□ 如起诉状请求陪审团审判，请勾选 请求金额 \\$\n请求的其他救济\n\nB1040（FORM 1040）（12/15）\n\n本对抗程序所源自的破产案件\n\n债务人姓名 破产案件编号\nHo Wan Kwok（郭文贵） 22-50073 (JAM)\n案件审理地区 分院办事处 法官姓名\nConnecticut（康涅狄格州） Bridgeport（布里奇波特） Julie A. Manning（朱莉·A.·曼宁）\n相关对抗程序（如有）\n原告 被告 对抗\n程序编号\n\n对抗程序审理地区 分院办事处 法官姓名\n\n律师（或原告）签名\n\n/s/ Douglas S. Skalka\n\n日期 律师（或原告）姓名正楷\n\n2/11/2024 Douglas S. Skalka\n\n说明\n\n提交破产案件会在破产法院管辖下形成一项“破产财团”，其由债务人的全部财产构成，无论该等财产位于何处。由于破产财团范围广泛且法院管辖权广泛，可能会就破产财团的财产或财产权利发生诉讼。也可能会发生有关债务人免责的诉讼。如在破产法院提起此类诉讼，则称为对抗程序。\n\n提起对抗程序的一方还必须填写并提交表格1040，即《对抗程序封面页》，但该方通过法院案件管理/电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提起对抗程序的除外。（CM/ECF 作为提交流程的一部分收集表格1040中的信息。）填写完成后，封面页概述对抗程序的基本信息。法院书记员需要该等信息，以处理对抗程序并编制法院活动所需的统计报告。\n\n封面页及其所载信息不替代或补充法律、《破产程序规则》或法院地方法规所要求的诉状或其他文件的提交和送达。封面页大部分内容不言自明，必须由原告的律师填写（如原告未由律师代理，则由原告填写）。每份提交的起诉状均须向书记员另行提交一份封面页。\n\n原告和被告。应准确列明原告和被告在起诉状中所载的姓名。\n\n律师。如已知，应列明律师的姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。应在第一栏中为原告勾选最适当的方框，并在第二栏中为被告勾选最适当的方框。\n\n请求金额。填写起诉状中请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面页必须由表格第二页方框中的登记在案律师签署。如原告由律师事务所代理，则必须由该律师事务所的一名成员签署。如原告自行诉讼，即未由律师代理，则必须由原告签署。\nUNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION（美国康涅狄格联邦破产法院布里奇波特分院）\n\nx\n\n关于：\n: 第11章\n:\n\nHO WAN KWOK（郭文贵），\n等，\n: 案件编号 22-50073 (JAM)\n:\n债务人。\n:\n: （合并管理）\n\nx\n:\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A.·德斯平斯），第11章\n:\n受托人，\n:\n:\n原告，\n:\n诉\n:\n: 对抗程序编号 [\n]\n:\n: February\n11, 2024\nEMPIRE BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD（帝国蓝十字蓝盾），\n\n被告。\n:\nx\n\n第11章受托人依据《破产法》第549条和第550条请求撤销并追回申请提交后转让及寻求相关救济的起诉状\n\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A.·德斯平斯）作为在 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（“债务人”或“Kwok”）第11章案件（“第11章案件”）中获任命的第11章受托人（“受托人”），针对被告 Empire Blue Cross Blue Shield（帝国蓝十字蓝盾）（“被告”）提交本对抗程序起诉状（“起诉状”），陈述如下：\n\n1 这些第11章案件中的债务人是 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（又称 Guo Wengui、Miles Guo 和 Miles Kwok，以及众多其他别名）（税务识别号码后四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（Genever 控股有限责任公司）（税务识别号码后四位：8202）以及 Genever Holdings Corporation（Genever 控股公司）。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC 和 Genever Holdings Corporation 的邮寄地址为 Paul Hastings LLP（普衡律师事务所），200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，c/o Luc A. Despins，作为 Ho Wan Kwok 破产财团的受托人（仅为通知和通信之目的）。\n\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人提起本对抗程序，以撤销并追回债务人在本第11章案件开始后实施、且未经破产法院或《美国法典》第11编（“破产法”）授权的债务人破产财团财产转让。\n\n2. 债务人通过其另一个自我空壳公司 Lamp Capital LLC（“Lamp Capital”）、Golden Spring (New York) Limited（“Golden Spring”）和 HCHK Technologies Inc.（“HCHK Technologies”），在申请日后（定义如下）向作为初始受让人的被告转让了 \\$535,695.51 资金。\n\n3. 由于这些申请提交后的破产财团财产转让未经法院或《破产法》授权，因此可依据《破产法》第549条和第550条予以撤销和追回。\n\n管辖权和审判地\n\n4. 本法院依据 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b) 对本对抗程序拥有事项管辖权。\n\n5. 本对抗程序已依据 28 U.S.C. § 157(a) 移送本法院。\n\n6. 本案所请求救济的法定依据包括 11 U.S.C. §§ 549 和 550。\n\n当事人\n\n7. 受托人是第11章案件中的第11章受托人，依据破产法院于 July 8, 2022 作出的命令任命 [Case No. 22-50073（“主案件”）Docket No. 523]。\n\n8. 被告是一家国内公司，其办事处位于 220 Virginia Avenue, Mail Point IN0202-B560, Indianapolis, Indiana 46204。\n\n事实\n\nA. 第11章案件\n\n9. 债务人于 February 15, 2022 在 United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut（美国康涅狄格联邦破产法院）（“法院”或“破产法院”）自愿提交了根据《破产法》《美国法典》第11编第11章请求救济的申请（“申请日”），从而开始上述标题所列第11章案件（“第11章案件”）。\n\n10. 于 March 21, 2022，Office of the United States Trustee（美国受托人办公室）在本第11章案件中任命了无担保债权人官方委员会。尚未任命审查员。\n\n11. 债务人于 March 2022 向破产法院提交的破产财产清单声称，其拥有 \\$3,850 的资产，并产生了数亿美元的负债[.]2 虽然债务人确实负债累累，但其财产清单未披露债务人通过其众多另一个自我空壳公司持有和转让的财产，包括 Lamp Capital、Golden Spring 和 HCHK Technologies。\n\n12. 于 June 15, 2022，法院作出决定备忘录及命令 [主案件 Docket No. 465]，指示美国受托人在第11章案件中任命一名第11章受托人。根据该命令，美国受托人选定 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A.·德斯平斯）担任受托人。于 July 8, 2022，法院作出命令，批准任命 Luc A. Despins 为第11章案件的受托人 [主案件 Docket No. 523]。\n\n2 资产和负债清单，第1页（主案件，Docket No. 78）。\n\nB. 债务人使用空壳公司及受托人的对抗程序\n\n13. Lamp Capital、Golden Spring 和 HCHK Technologies 是债务人用于欺诈其债权人的众多另一个自我空壳公司之一。[3] 多年来，债务人一直策划一场“空壳游戏”，利用由家庭成员和下属名义持有、但实际受债务人控制的错综复杂的空壳公司网络。该空壳游戏使债务人能够使用、花费和转让数百万美元现金及其他资产，同时向债权人隐匿其财产。\n\n14. 自获任命以来，受托人已在第11章案件中提起多项对抗程序，以便除其他事项外，确认债务人的空壳公司是其另一个自我，和/或确认该等公司及其资产由债务人衡平所有；且在数项对抗程序中，破产法院已经准予该等救济。4\n\n3 在对抗程序 Despins v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et. al（Adv. Proc. No. 23-5013（“HCHK Entities A.P.”），Docket No. 139）中，已对 HCHK Technologies 作出缺席裁定；该对抗程序除其他事项外，请求作出确认判决，确认 HCHK Technologies 是债务人的另一个自我。受托人在此通过援引纳入受托人在 HCHK Entities A.P. 中提交的起诉状（Adv. Proc. No. 23-5013, Docket No. 1）。\n\n法院已作出判决，确认 Golden Spring 是债务人的另一个自我。参见 Despins v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited（Adv. Proc. No. 23-5018（“Golden Spring A.P.”），Docket No. 35）。受托人在此通过援引纳入受托人在 Golden Spring A.P. 中提交的起诉状（Adv. Proc. No. 23-5018, Docket No. 1）。\n\n本院已作出判决，认定 Lamp Capital（蓝普资本）为债务人的另我实体。见 Despins v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.（Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023（“Lamp Capital A.P.”），Docket No. 66）。受托人特此以引用方式纳入受托人在 Lamp Capital A.P. 中提交的起诉状（Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023, Docket No. 1）。\n\n4 这些包括以下对抗性程序：(i) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A.·德斯平斯），Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC（HK International Funds Investments（USA）有限责任公司）, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC（格林威治土地有限责任公司）, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo（梅国）[Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc.（HCHK技术公司）, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC（金牛基金有限责任公司）, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited（Golden Spring（纽约）有限公司）[Adv. Proc. No. 23-05018]；以及 (vii) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05023]。\n\n15. 这些诉讼中的事实模式一贯涉及：(i) 由近亲属和/或下属持有的、受债务人控制的空壳公司，(ii) 以来自其他受债务人控制实体的现金购买的资产，和/或无对价转让给空壳实体及在空壳实体之间转让的资产，以及 (iii) 债务人从该等资产中获益并对其拥有控制权和支配权。\n\n16. 债务人还将其另我实体，包括 Lamp Capital、Golden Spring 和 HCHK Technologies，用作个人钱袋，为其本人及其家人已习以为常的奢华生活方式提供资金，同时将资产隐藏于该等另我实体中以逃避其债权人，并阻碍和拖延债权人就其债权获得清偿。债务人通过该等另我实体实施的转让延续了债务人的欺诈方案。包括 Lamp Capital、Golden Spring 和 HCHK Technologies 在内的该等另我实体的财产，在申请日之前的任何时候均为债务人的财产。\n\nC. 债务人的空壳公司把戏及欺诈在申请后仍持续进行\n\n17. 截至申请日，债务人通过其另我实体持有的所有财产，包括 Lamp Capital、Golden Spring 和 HCHK Technologies，均成为债务人第11章破产财产的一部分。见 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1)。\n\n18. 申请日之后，债务人公然无视破产法院及其根据《破产法典》承担的义务，继续通过众多另我空壳公司实施转让，包括但不限于 Lamp Capital、Golden Spring 和 HCHK Technologies。\n\n19. 该等申请后转让均未经破产法院授权，亦未获《破产法典》授权。\n\nD. 向被告的转让\n\n20. 申请日之后，债务人通过包括 Lamp Capital、Golden Spring 和 HCHK Technologies 在内的空壳公司，或以其他方式，将债务人第11章破产财产转让给被告（统称“转让”），包括但不限于如下：\n\n见随附于本文件并构成本文件一部分的附件A。\n\n21. 在转让发生时，债务人对债务人破产财产的债权人负有未清偿义务。\n\n22. 被告为该等转让的初始受让人。\n\n第一项请求\n（根据《破产法典》第549条和第550(a)条请求撤销并追回未经授权的申请后转让）\n\n23. 受托人重复主张并重新陈述第1至22段所载指称，如同在此完整列明。\n\n24. 债务人向被告作出该等转让，包括通过其另我空壳公司 Lamp Capital、Golden Spring 和 HCHK Technologies 作出转让。\n\n25. 该等转让发生于申请日之后。\n\n26. 该等转让未经破产法院或《破产法典》授权。\n\n27. 该等转让构成未经授权转让债务人第11章破产财产的行为。\n\n28. 根据《破产法典》第549(a)条，该等转让可被撤销。\n\n29. 根据《破产法典》第550(a)条，受托人有权向被告追回该等转让或其价值，并取得截至付款日的利息及本案费用。\n\n救济请求\n\n因此，基于上述理由，受托人谨请求作出如下判决：\n\n1. 作出命令：(a) 宣告金额不少于 $535,695.51 的该等转让根据《破产法典》第549条予以撤销；以及 (b) 命令撤销该等转让；以及 (c) 根据《破产法典》第550(a)(1)条，为债务人破产财产之利益，向被告追回该等转让，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n2. 自本起诉状提交之日起至本案判决之日止，按法定最高利率向受托人裁定判决前利息；以及\n\n3. 本院认为在此情形下公正、适当或衡平的其他及进一步救济。\n\n[本页其余部分故意留白]\n\n日期：February 11, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS\n第11章受托人\n\n代理人：/s/ Douglas Skalka\nDouglas S. Skalka (ct00616)\nPatrick R. Linsey (ct29437)\nNEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor\nNew Haven, Connecticut 06510\n(203) 781-2847\n[dskalka@npmlaw.com]\n[plinsey@npmlaw.com]\n第11章受托人代理律师\n\nCase 22-50073 Doc 2711 Filed 02/11/24 Entered 02/11/24 14:30:23 Page 11 of 11\n\n附件A\n\n密封提交\n\n ინგლისերեն","key_entities":["Despins","HCHK","Kwok","Ho Wan Kwok","Je","Guo","Miles Guo","Paul Hastings","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[],"word_count":3096,"status":"published","published_at":"2024-02-11 00:00:00","created_at":"2024-02-11","updated_at":"2026-08-23 18:36:59"}