{"id":"court_ctb_2734_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":2734,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":"2024-02-12","title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse) | | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | | |\n|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS | DEFENDANTS | | | | |\n| Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee | Liberty Jet Management Corp | | | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.) | ATTORNEYS
(If Known) | | | | |\n| Douglas S. Skalka, Patrick R. Linsey
Neubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.
195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510
(203)781-2847 | | | | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only) | | PARTY (Check One Box Only) | | | |\n| □ Debtor
□ U.S.
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin | □ Debtor
□ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin | | | | |\n| □ Creditor
□ Other | □ Creditor
□ Other | | | | |\n| □ Trustee | □ Trustee | | | | |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION | | (WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED) | | | |\n| Complaint of Chapter 11 Trustee seeking avoidance and recovery of fraudulent transfers and
postpetition transfers and related relief pursuant to Bankruptcy Code Sections 544,548, and
550 and New York Debtor and Creditor Law Sections 273, 274, and 276 | | | | | |\n| NATURE OF SUIT | | | | | |\n| (Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property | | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued) | | | |\n| □
11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property
□ | □ | □
61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support | | | |\n| 12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference
□ | 68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury
□ | | | | |\n| 13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
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14-Recovery of money/property - other | 63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan
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64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation | | | | |\n| | (other than domestic support) | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
□ | □
65-Dischargeability - other | | | | |\n| 21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property | | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief
□
71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay | | | | |\n| □
31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h) | □
72-Injunctive relief – other | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge | | | | | |\n| □
41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e) | □ | FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest
81-Subordination of claim or interest | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation
□
51-Revocation of confirmation | □ | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment | | | |\n| | | 91-Declaratory judgment | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability
□ | | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action | | | |\n| 66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims
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62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation, | □ | 01-Determination of removed claim or cause | | | |\n| actual fraud | Other | | | | |\n| □
67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny | □ | SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq. | | | |\n| (continued next column) | □ | 02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court | | | |\n| | | if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | | |\n| □ Check if this case involves a substantive issue of state law | | □ Check if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23 | | | |\n| □ Check if a jury trial is demanded in complaint | Demand \\$ | | | | |\n| Other Relief Sought | | | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n\n#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | | | |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|---------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|--|\n| | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO. | | | | | |\n| Ho Wan Kwok | | 22-50073 (JAM) | | | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING | | NAME OF JUDGE | | | | |\n| Connecticut | | Julie A. Manning | | | | |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | | | |\n| DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY | | | | |\n| | | PROCEEDING NO. | | | | |\n| | | | | | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | NAME OF JUDGE | | | | |\n| | | | | | | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | | | |\n| | | | | | | |\n| /s/ Douglas Skalka | | | | | | |\n| | | | | | | |\n| | | | | | | |\n| | | | | | | |\n| | | | | | | |\n| February 12, 2024 | | Douglas Skalka | | | | |\n| | | | | | | |\n| | | DIVISION OFFICE
Bridgeport
DIVISION OFFICE
PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n# **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n| :
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February 12, 2024
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x |\n| |\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF FRAUDULENT TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 544, 548 AND 550 AND NEW YORK DEBTOR & CREDITOR LAW SECTIONS 273, 274, AND 276**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the\n\nchapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this\n\n1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\nadversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant Liberty Jet Management Corp. (the \"Defendant\"), stating as follows:\n\n# **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding to avoid and recover transfers of the Debtor's property prior to the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case.\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter ego shell companies, Golden Spring (New York) Ltd., (\"Golden Spring\"), Lamp Capital, LLC (\"Lamp Capital\") and G Fashion (\"G Fashion\"), transferred funds in the amount of \\$172,876.13 prior to the Petition Date (as defined herein) to the Defendant as the initial transferee.\n\n3. These transfers were actually fraudulent, because the Debtor effectuated them as part of his \"shell game,\" and they were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n### **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b).\n\n5. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(a).\n\n6. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include sections 544, 548 and 550 of Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\") and New York Debtor & Creditor Law sections 273, 274, and 276 2 or any other applicable state law equivalents.\n\n2 All statutory references to New York Debtor and Creditor Law will hereinafter be referred to as \"N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law\". The New York Uniform Voidable Transactions Act (\"NYUVT\") replaced the New York Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act (\"NYUFC\") and became effective on April 4, 2020 and applies to transfers made or obligations incurred on or after April 4, 2020. With respect to transfers prior to April 4, 2020, the Trustee seeks relief in this action under the NYUFC and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law section 273, 273a, 275, 276, and 278.\n\n### **THE PARTIES**\n\n7. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n8. The Defendant is a Delaware corporation with an address and place of business at 220 Townsend Square, Oyster Bay, New York 11771.\n\n### **FACTS**\n\n### **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n9. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\") on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the above-captioned chapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\").\n\n10. On March 21, 2022, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n11. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities.3 While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and/or transferred through his many alter ego shell companies, including Golden Spring, G Fashion, and Lamp Capital.\n\n12. On June 15, 2022, the Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the\n\n3 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 [Main Case Docket No. 78].\n\nTrustee. On July 8, 2022, the Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n# **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n13. Golden Spring, G Fashion, and Lamp Capital are some of the numerous alter ego shell companies used by the Debtor to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors. 4 For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members, lieutenants, and/or subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use and spend and/or transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets.\n\n14. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell companies were his alter egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several such adversary proceedings the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief. 5\n\nThe Trustee has or will imminently commence an adversary proceeding against G Fashion, which adversary proceeding seeks, among other things, a declaratory judgment that G Fashion was the alter ego of the Debtor. The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in such adversary proceeding.\n\n4 The Court has entered judgment to the effect that Golden Spring was the Debtor's alter ego. *See Despins v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5018 (the \"Golden Spring A.P.\"), Docket No. 35). The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the Golden Spring A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5018, Docket No. 1).\n\nThe Court has entered judgment to the effect that Lamp Capital was the Debtor's alter ego. *See Despins v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023 (the \"Lamp Capital A.P.\"), Docket No. 66). The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the Lamp Capital A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023, Docket No. 1).\n\n5 These include the following adversary proceedings: (i) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]; (vi) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited [Adv. Proc. 23- 05018]; and (vii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. 23-05023].\n\n15. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from other Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n### **C. Debtor's Conduct to Hinder, Delay, and/or Defraud Creditors**\n\n16. In addition to the matters addressed in the Trustee's adversary proceedings, the Bankruptcy Court has found that the Debtor was the beneficial owner of Ace Decade Limited (and through it, Dawn State Limited) and that the Debtor controlled and employed Ace Decade Limited's nominee shareholder, Yvette Wang.6\n\n17. The Bankruptcy Court has also found that the \"G Entities\" (Gettr, G Fashion, G Music, GClubs, GNews and GEdu), the New Federal State of China and the Rule of Law Foundation, as well as other purportedly independent entities and organizations, were controlled by the Debtor7 , led by the Debtor8 and/or served \"the purposes of… and as business vehicles of\" the Debtor.9\n\n18. Prior to the Petition Date, Judge Liman of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York found that Eastern Profit Corporation Limited, an entity originally\n\n6 Order Granting Motion to Hold Debtor in Contempt of Corporate Governance Order, ¶¶ 1, 4 (Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372 (\"Corp. Governance Contempt Order\").\n\n7 *Corrected Memorandum of Decision Granting in Part Motion for Preliminary Injunction*, ¶ 3 (Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032, January 13, 2023 (\"The Debtor also controls Saraca Media Group and a related entity 'GTV'\").\n\n8 *Id*. at ¶ 7 (\"The Debtor is the leader of The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF and Himalaya.\").\n\n9 *Id*. (\"The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF, GSeries, and Himalaya serve the purposes of the Debtor, serve as business vehicles for the Debtor, and their members are personally loyal to the Debtor.\").\n\nowned by one of the Debtor's chefs before its transfer to Debtor's daughter, was \"in essence, a shell corporation\" for the Debtor.10\n\n19. The Debtor has gone to great lengths to hinder and delay the collection efforts of one of his largest creditors, *i.e.*, Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P. (\"PAX\"). In 2017, PAX sued the Debtor in the Supreme Court of the State of New York (the \"New York Court\"), Index No. 652077/2017 (the \"PAX Case\"), seeking judgment for monies owed. On February 3, 2021, PAX obtained a judgment from the New York Court against the Debtor in the sum of \\$116,402,019.57 (the \"PAX Judgment\"). PAX sought to enforce the PAX Judgment by levying the Debtor's assets—including the Lady May, which the Debtor falsely claimed was owned by his daughter, and the Debtor's luxury apartment in Manhattan, which the Debtor falsely claimed was held in trust for the Debtor's son. The Debtor's defiance of New York Court orders in postjudgment proceedings eventually resulted in the Debtor incurring contempt penalties of \\$134 million.\n\n20. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including Golden Spring, Lamp Capital, and G Fashion, as personal piggy-banks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries on their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos perpetuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme.\n\n10 *Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC*, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n21. The Debtor has testified before the Bankruptcy Court that he has insufficient assets to pay his liabilities and that his luxurious lifestyle is funded by his family through businesses nominally held by family members.11 The Debtor scheduled only \\$3,850 in assets.12\n\n22. In March 2023, the Debtor was arrested and remains confined pending his trial on federal criminal charges of, among other things, wire fraud, securities fraud, and money laundering.\n\n23. In its criminal indictment of the Debtor, the United States Government asserts that the Debtor and his co-defendants \"utilized more than approximately 500 accounts held in the names of *at least 80 different entities or individuals* to launder more than \\$1 billion in fraud proceeds.\"13\n\n24. The property of the Debtor's alter egos, including Golden Spring, Lamp Capital, and G Fashion, was at all times prior to the Petition Date property of the Debtor.\n\n25. At all times relevant herein, the Debtor conducted business in New York, New York, including direction of the Transfers(as defined herein).\n\n# **D. Transfers Made with Intent to Hinder, Delay, or Defraud Creditors**\n\n26. The Transfers at issue in this Complaint were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors inasmuch as they were all made through the Debtor's alter ego shell companies operated as a part of the Debtor's shell game.\n\n11 Hearing on Debtor's Motion for Entry of Interim and Final DIP Orders (I) Authorizing the Debtor to Obtain Unsecured, Subordinated Postpetition Financing and (II) Scheduling Interim and Final Hearings, and (III) Granting Related Relief (Main Case, April 27, 2022)\n\n12 *See* n.3\n\n13 *See* Memorandum of Law of the United States of America in Opposition to Defendant Yanping Wang's Motion for Pretrial Release at 29, attached as Exhibit B in the Reply of Chapter 11 Trustee to G Club Operations LLC's Supplemental Objection to Trustee's Motion to Compel and Request for Related Relief (June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934).\n\n27. The Debtor intentionally orchestrated his financial affairs in this manner in order to conceal and dissipate millions of dollars in assets while falsely pleading poverty to his many creditors. The Debtor claimed to be destitute while simultaneously spending heavily to maintain a billionaire lifestyle for himself and for his family members and close associates.\n\n28. The assets concealed and dissipated by the Debtor included funds that he obtained from the victims of his cryptocurrency, securities, and other fraud schemes. As a result of this conduct, the Debtor faces multiple felony fraud, money laundering, and racketeering charges in a criminal case pending in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. *See United States v. Ho Wan Kwok*, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.).\n\n29. The Debtor knew and intended that by concealing and dissipating his assets in this manner there would not be sufficient assets remaining to repay his creditors—including the many victims of his frauds. These transfers were thus necessarily made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n30. The Defendant is a company founded in 2004 to provide management services to private jet owners.\n\n31. The Transfers at issue here were part of the Debtor's practice of dissipating his assets through spending on luxury goods and services. This spending on luxury items was particularly egregious considering that the Debtor was dissipating the proceeds of his frauds.\n\n32. Even while the Debtor claimed to be penniless to his creditors, he simultaneously used his luxurious lifestyle as a marketing tool to promote his fraudulent schemes. Among the many examples of this strategy was the Debtor's \"Hcoin to the Moon\" music video, in which the\n\n8\n\nDebtor flaunts extravagant personal property—including yachts, sports cars, suits, cigars, and home furnishings—to promote investment in one of his fraudulent cryptocurrency ventures.14\n\n33. This further reflects the Debtor's fraudulent intent with respect to the Transfers.\n\n### **E. Transfers to the Defendant**\n\n34. Prior to the Petition Date, the Debtor, using his alter ego shell companies including\n\nGolden Spring, Lamp Capital, G Fashion, or otherwise, transferred the Debtor's property to the\n\nDefendant (collectively, the \"Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n35. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of the Debtor's estate.\n\n36. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfers.\n\n# **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers Pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 548(a)(1)(A) and 550(a))**\n\n37. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-36 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n38. The Transfers were made by the Debtor through his alter egos, Golden Spring,\n\nLamp Capital, and G Fashion, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n39. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the\n\nTransfers is shown by, among other things:\n\n- a. The Transfers were effectuated using alter ego shell companies;\n- b. The Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\n14 *See* (last visited Jan. 25, 2024). The Debtor published this music video on YouTube in December of 2021, roughly two months prior to the Petition Date.\n\nc. The Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n40. The Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to section 548(a)(i)(A) of the\n\nBankruptcy Code and are recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n# **SECOND CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 274, and 276, and Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) and 550(a))**\n\n41. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-36 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n42. The Transfers were made by the Debtor, through his alter ego companies, Golden Spring, Lamp Capital, G Fashion, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n43. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the Transfers is shown by, among other things:\n\na. The Transfers were effectuated using alter ego shell companies;\n\nb. The Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n44. The Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276, and section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n*[THE REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK.]*\n\n### **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. On the First Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$172,876.13 are avoided pursuant to section 548(a)(1)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code; (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. On the Second Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$172,876.13 are avoided pursuant to section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2), 274 and 276; (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law section 276 and section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n3. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n4. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n[*Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank*]\n\nDated: February 12, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: /s/ Douglas Skalka\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_*\\_\\_\\_* Douglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 [dskalka@npmlaw.com](mailto:dskalka@npmlaw.com) [plinsey@npmlaw.com](mailto:plinsey@npmlaw.com) *Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\nCase 22-50073 Doc 2734 Filed 02/12/24 Entered 02/12/24 10:33:45 Page 16 of 16\n\n# **SCHEDULE A**\n\n| ID # | Account Holder | Date | Amount |\n|------|--------------------------------------------|-----------|-----------------|\n| 1 | Golden Spring (New York) Ltd | 6/16/2020 | \\$ (115,601.13) |\n| 2 | G Fashion | 5/19/2021 | (26,800.00) |\n| 3 | G Fashion | 5/19/2021 | (26,800.00) |\n| 4 | Lamp Capital LLC | 2/9/2022 | (3,675.00) |\n| | Total - Payments to Liberty Jet Management | | \\$ (172,876.13) |","body_zh":"B1040（表格 1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗程序封面页\n（背面说明） 对抗程序编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n原告 被告\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第 11 章受托人 Liberty Jet Management Corp（自由喷气机管理公司）\n律师（律师事务所名称、地址及电话号码） 律师\n（如知悉）\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡），Patrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）\nNeubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.（纽伯特、佩佩及蒙泰斯律师事务所）\n195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510\n(203)781-2847\n当事人（仅勾选一项） 当事人（仅勾选一项）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国\n受托人／破产管理人 □ 债务人\n□ 美国受托人／破产\n管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他 □ 债权人\n□ 其他\n□ 受托人 □ 受托人\n诉讼原因 （简要说明诉讼原因，包括所涉全部美国法条）\n第 11 章受托人依据《破产法典》第 544、548 和\n550 条以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第 273、274 和 276 条，请求撤销并追回欺诈性转让及\n破产申请提交后转让并寻求相关救济的起诉状\n诉讼性质\n（从主要诉讼原因为 1、第一备选诉讼原因为 2、第二备选诉讼原因为 3 等开始，最多编号五（5）项）\nFRBP 7001(1) – 金钱／财产追回 FRBP 7001(6) – 可免责性（续）\n□\n11－金钱／财产追回－§542 财产交付\n□ □ □\n61－可免责性－§523(a)(5)，家庭扶养\n12－金钱／财产追回－§547 优先受偿\n□ 68－可免责性－§523(a)(6)，故意且恶意的损害\n□\n13－金钱／财产追回－§548 欺诈性转让\n□\n14－金钱／财产追回－其他 63－可免责性－§523(a)(8)，学生贷款\n□\n64－可免责性－§523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\n（家庭扶养义务除外）\nFRBP 7001(2) – 留置权的有效性、优先权或范围\n□ □\n65－可免责性－其他\n21－留置权或其他财产权益的有效性、优先权或范围\nFRBP 7001(3) – 批准出售财产 FRBP 7001(7) – 禁令救济\n□\n71－禁令救济－施加中止\n□\n31－批准出售破产财产及共同所有人财产－§363(h) □\n72－禁令救济－其他\nFRBP 7001(4) – 对免责提出异议／撤销免责\n□\n41－对免责提出异议／撤销免责－§727(c),(d),(e) □ FRBP 7001(8) 债权或权益劣后\n81－债权或权益劣后\n\nFRBP 7001(5) – 撤销确认\n□\n51－撤销确认 □ FRBP 7001(9) 确认判决\n91－确认判决\nFRBP 7001(6) – 可免责性\n□ FRBP 7001(10) 对移送诉讼的裁定\n66－可免责性－§523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税务债权\n□\n62－可免责性－§523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述、 □ 01－对移送债权或诉讼原因的裁定\n实际欺诈 其他\n□\n67－可免责性－§523(a)(4)，受托人欺诈、侵占、盗窃 □ SS－SIPA 案件－15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\n（续见下一栏） □ 02－其他（例如：如与破产案件无关，本应在州法院提起的其他诉讼\n）\n□ 如本案涉及州法实体争议，请勾选 □ 如主张本案为 FRCP 23 规定的集体诉讼，请勾选\n□ 如起诉状中要求陪审团审判，请勾选 请求金额 $\n请求的其他救济\n\nB1040（表格 1040）（12/15）\n\n本对抗程序所产生的破产案件\n\n破产案件编号\nHo Wan Kwok（郭文贵） 22-50073 (JAM)\n案件审理地区 法官姓名\nConnecticut（康涅狄格州） Julie A. Manning（朱莉·A·曼宁）\n相关对抗程序（如有）\n被告 对抗\n程序编号\n\n对抗程序审理地区 法官姓名\n\n律师（或原告）签名\n\n/s/ Douglas Skalka\n\nFebruary 12, 2024 Douglas Skalka\n\n分部办公室\nBridgeport（布里奇波特）\n分部办公室\n律师（或原告）姓名正楷\n说明\n\n提交破产案件即在破产法院管辖下设立一项“破产财产”，其中包括债务人无论位于何处的全部财产。由于破产财产范围极广且法院管辖权十分广泛，可能就破产财产或其财产权利发生诉讼。也可能发生有关债务人免责的诉讼。此类诉讼如在破产法院提起，即称为对抗程序。\n\n提交对抗程序的一方还必须填写并提交表格 1040，即《对抗程序封面页》，除非该方通过法院案件管理／电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提交对抗程序。（CM/ECF 将表格 1040 所载信息作为提交程序的一部分予以采集。）填写完成后，封面页概述对抗程序的基本信息。法院书记员需要该等信息以处理对抗程序并编制法院活动所需统计报告。\n\n封面页及其所载信息并不替代或补充法律、《破产规则》或法院地方法规则所要求提交和送达的诉状或其他文件。封面页大致不言自明，必须由原告律师填写（如原告未由律师代理，则由原告填写）。每份提交的起诉状均须向书记员另行提交一份封面页。\n\n原告和被告。请准确按起诉状所列名称填写原告和被告的姓名。\n\n律师。如知悉，请填写律师的姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。在第一栏中为原告勾选最恰当的一项，在第二栏中为被告勾选最恰当的一项。\n\n请求金额。填写起诉状中请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面页必须由登记在案律师在表格第二页的方框内签署。如原告由律师事务所代理，必须由该所一名成员签署。如原告自行诉讼，即未由律师代理，则必须由原告签署。\n\n美国康涅狄格联邦破产法院布里奇波特分部\n\n第 11 章\n\n案件编号 22-50073 (JAM)\n：\n：\n（合并管理）\n\nx\n\n对抗程序编号 [\n]\n\nFebruary 12, 2024\n管理公司，\n\nx\n\n第 11 章受托人依据《破产法典》第 544、548 和 550 条以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第 273、274 和 276 条请求撤销并追回欺诈性转让及寻求相关救济的起诉状\n\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）以其作为在 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）的第 11 章案件（“第 11 章案件”）中获任命的第 11 章受托人（“受托人”）的身份，提起本\n\n1 本第 11 章案件中的债务人为 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（亦称 Guo Wengui、Miles Guo 和 Miles Kwok，以及众多其他别名）（税务识别号码末四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（税务识别号码末四位：8202）及 Genever Holdings Corporation。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC 和 Genever Holdings Corporation 的邮寄地址为 Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，转交 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）破产财产受托人 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）（仅供通知和通信之用）。\n\n对抗起诉状（“起诉状”），针对被告 Liberty Jet Management Corp（自由喷气机管理公司）（“被告”）提出如下陈述：\n\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人提起本对抗程序，以撤销并追回在本第 11 章案件开始前对债务人财产进行的转让。\n\n2. 债务人通过其替身空壳公司 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd.（“Golden Spring”）、Lamp Capital, LLC（“Lamp Capital”）及 G Fashion（“G Fashion”），在申请日（定义见下文）之前向作为初始受让人的被告转让了金额为 $172,876.13 的资金。\n\n3. 该等转让属于实际欺诈性转让，因为债务人将其作为其“空壳游戏”的一部分实施，并且其作出该等转让的意图是阻碍、拖延和／或欺诈债务人的债权人。\n\n管辖权和审判地\n\n4. 本院根据 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b) 对本对抗程序具有事项管辖权。\n\n5. 本对抗程序已根据 28 U.S.C. § 157(a) 移交本院审理。\n\n6. 本案所请求救济的法定依据包括《美国法典》第 11 编（“破产法典”）第 544、548 和 550 条，以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第 273、274 和 276 条 2 或任何其他适用的州法对应规定。\n\n2 下文中对《纽约州债务人与债权人法》的所有法条引用均称为“N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law”。《纽约州统一可撤销交易法》（“NYUVT”）取代《纽约州统一欺诈性让与法》（“NYUFC”），并于 April 4, 2020 生效，适用于在 April 4, 2020 当日或之后作出的转让或承担的义务。对于 April 4, 2020 之前的转让，受托人在本案中根据 NYUFC 及 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law 第 273、273a、275、276 和 278 条寻求救济。\n\n当事人\n\n7. 受托人根据破产法院于 July 8, 2022 作出的命令 [案件编号 22-50073（“主案件”）案卷编号 523]，担任第 11 章案件中的第 11 章受托人。\n\n8. 被告是一家 Delaware（特拉华州）公司，其地址和营业地为 220 Townsend Square, Oyster Bay, New York 11771。\n\n事实\n\nA. 第 11 章案件\n\n9. 债务人于 February 15, 2022 在 United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut（美国康涅狄格联邦破产法院）根据《美国法典》第 11 编（“破产法典”）第 11 章自愿提交破产救济申请（“申请日”），从而启动上述标题所列第 11 章案件（“第 11 章案件”）。\n\n10. 于 March 21, 2022，Office of the United States Trustee（美国受托人办公室）在本第 11 章案件中任命了一个无担保债权人正式委员会。尚未任命审查员。\n\n11. 债务人于 March 2022 向破产法院提交的破产财产清单声称，其拥有 $3,850 的资产，并承担数亿美元的负债。3 虽然债务人确实负债累累，但其财产清单未披露债务人通过其众多替身空壳公司，包括 Golden Spring、G Fashion 和 Lamp Capital，持有和／或转让的财产。\n\n12. 于 June 15, 2022，法院作出决定备忘录及命令 [主案件案卷编号 465]，指示美国受托人在第 11 章案件中任命一名第 11 章受托人。根据该命令，美国受托人选定 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）担任\n\n3 《资产和负债清单》，第 1 页 [主案件案卷编号 78]。\n\n受托人。于 July 8, 2022，法院作出命令，批准任命 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）为第 11 章案件中的受托人 [主案件案卷编号 523]。\n\nB. 债务人对空壳公司的使用及受托人的对抗程序\n\n13. Golden Spring、G Fashion 和 Lamp Capital 是债务人用于阻碍、拖延和／或欺诈其债权人的众多替身空壳公司中的一部分。4 多年来，债务人一直策划“空壳游戏”，利用由家庭成员、亲信和／或下属名义持有、但实际上由债务人控制的复杂空壳公司网络。该空壳游戏使债务人得以使用、支出和／或转让数百万美元现金及其他资产。\n\n14. 自获任命以来，受托人已在第 11 章案件中提起多项对抗程序，其中包括确定债务人的空壳公司系其替身和／或该等公司及其资产由债务人衡平所有，并且在若干该等对抗程序中，破产法院已准予该等救济。5\n\n受托人已提起或将立即针对 G Fashion 提起一项对抗程序，该对抗程序除其他事项外，请求作出确认判决，确认 G Fashion 为债务人的替身。受托人通过引用将受托人在该对抗程序中提交的起诉状纳入本案。\n\n4 法院已作出判决，认定 Golden Spring (New York) Limited（纽约金泉有限公司）系债务人的另我。见 Despins v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited（对抗程序案号 23-5018，即“Golden Spring A.P.”，案卷编号 35）。受托人在此通过援引并入在 Golden Spring A.P. 中提交的受托人起诉状（对抗程序案号 23-5018，案卷编号 1）。\n\n法院已作出判决，认定 Lamp Capital LLC（蓝普资本有限责任公司）系债务人的另我。见 Despins v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.（对抗程序案号 23-5023，即“Lamp Capital A.P.”，案卷编号 66）。受托人在此通过援引并入在 Lamp Capital A.P. 中提交的受托人起诉状（对抗程序案号 23-5023，案卷编号 1）。\n\n5 其中包括下列对抗程序：(i) Luc A. Despins（Luc A. Despins），第11章受托人诉 HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC（香港国际基金投资（美国）有限公司）等案 [对抗程序案号 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Greenwich Land LLC（格林威治土地有限责任公司）等案 [对抗程序案号 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Mei Guo（郭美）案 [对抗程序案号 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 HCHK Technologies, Inc.（HCHK科技公司）等案 [对抗程序案号 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Taurus Fund LLC（金牛基金有限责任公司）等案 [对抗程序案号 23-05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Golden Spring (New York) Limited [对抗程序案号 23-05018]；以及 (vii) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Lamp Capital LLC 等案 [对抗程序案号 23-05023]。\n\n15. 这些诉讼中的事实模式一贯包括：(i) 由近亲属和/或下属持有的、受债务人控制的空壳公司，(ii) 以来自其他受债务人控制实体的现金购买的资产和/或无对价转让给空壳实体及在空壳实体之间转让的资产，以及 (iii) 债务人从该等资产中受益并对其拥有控制权和支配权。\nC. 债务人为阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债权人而实施的行为\n\n16. 除受托人对抗程序中处理的事项外，破产法院还认定，债务人是 Ace Decade Limited（艾斯十年有限公司）的实益所有人（并通过该公司成为 Dawn State Limited（曙光州有限公司）的实益所有人），且债务人控制并利用了 Ace Decade Limited 的名义股东 Yvette Wang（王月）。6\n\n17. 破产法院还认定，“G Entities”（Gettr、G Fashion、G Music、GClubs、GNews 和 GEdu）、New Federal State of China（中国新联邦国家）和 Rule of Law Foundation（法治基金会），以及其他据称独立的实体和组织，均受债务人控制7，由债务人领导8，和/或服务于债务人的“目的……并作为债务人的商业载体”。9\n\n18. 在申请日之前，United States District Court for the Southern District of New York（美国纽约南区联邦地区法院）的 Liman 法官认定，Eastern Profit Corporation Limited（东方利润有限公司）——该实体最初由债务人的一名厨师拥有，后转让给债务人的女儿——“本质上是”债务人的一家空壳公司。10\n\n6 关于准许要求裁定债务人藐视公司治理命令之动议的命令，第 ¶¶ 1, 4 段（Jan. 24, 2023，Docket No. 1372（“Corp. Governance Contempt Order”）。\n\n7 部分准许初步禁令动议的经更正裁决备忘录，第 ¶ 3 段（Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032, January 13, 2023（“债务人还控制 Saraca Media Group（萨拉卡媒体集团）及关联实体‘GTV’。”）。\n\n8 同上，第 ¶ 7 段（“债务人是 The Whistleblower Movement（吹哨人运动）、NFSC、ROLF 和 Himalaya（喜马拉雅）的领导人。”）。\n\n9 同上（“The Whistleblower Movement、NFSC、ROLF、GSeries 和 Himalaya 服务于债务人的目的，作为债务人的商业载体，其成员个人忠于债务人。”）。\n\n19. 债务人已竭尽全力阻碍和拖延其最大债权人之一，即 Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P.（太平洋联盟亚洲机会基金有限合伙企业，以下简称“PAX”）的追偿工作。2017年，PAX 在 Supreme Court of the State of New York（纽约州最高法院，以下简称“纽约法院”）对债务人提起诉讼，案号为 652077/2017（以下简称“PAX案件”），请求就所欠款项作出判决。2021年2月3日，PAX 从纽约法院取得针对债务人的判决，金额为 \\$116,402,019.57（以下简称“PAX判决”）。PAX 试图通过扣押债务人的资产来执行 PAX 判决——包括 Lady May，债务人虚假声称该游艇由其女儿所有；以及债务人在曼哈顿的豪华公寓，债务人虚假声称该公寓由信托为债务人的儿子持有。债务人在判决后程序中违抗纽约法院命令，最终导致债务人承担 \\$134 million 的藐视法庭罚款。\n\n20. 债务人还将其另我，包括 Golden Spring、Lamp Capital 和 G Fashion（G时尚），作为个人钱袋，用以资助其本人及家人已习惯的奢华生活方式，同时将资产隐匿于该等另我之中以逃避其债权人，并阻碍和拖延债权人就其债权获得清偿。债务人通过该等另我实施的转让延续了债务人的欺诈方案。\n\n10 Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at *1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n21. 债务人在破产法院作证称，其资产不足以偿付其负债，其奢华生活方式由其家人通过名义上由家庭成员持有的企业资助。11 债务人仅申报 \\$3,850 的资产。12\n\n22. 2023年3月，债务人被捕，并因包括电信欺诈、证券欺诈和洗钱在内的联邦刑事指控而被持续羁押候审。\n\n23. 美国政府在对债务人的刑事起诉书中主张，债务人及其共同被告“利用以至少80个不同实体或个人名义持有的约500多个账户，对超过 \\$1 billion 的欺诈所得进行洗钱。”13\n\n24. 债务人的另我财产，包括 Golden Spring、Lamp Capital 和 G Fashion 的财产，在申请日之前的任何时候均为债务人的财产。\n\n25. 在与本案有关的所有期间内，债务人在纽约州纽约市从事商业活动，包括指挥转让（定义见下文）。\nD. 为阻碍、拖延或欺诈债权人而作出的转让\n\n26. 本起诉状所涉转让系为阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人的债权人而作出，因为该等转让均通过作为债务人空壳游戏一部分运作的债务人另我空壳公司作出。\n\n11 关于债务人申请作出临时及最终 DIP 命令的听证会，该命令：(I) 授权债务人取得无担保、次级的申请后融资；及 (II) 安排临时及最终听证会；以及 (III) 给予相关救济（主案，April 27, 2022）\n\n12 见脚注3\n\n13 见美国政府反对被告 Yanping Wang（王燕平）审前释放动议的法律备忘录，第29页；该备忘录作为附件B附于第11章受托人就 G Club Operations LLC（G俱乐部运营有限责任公司）对受托人强制履行动议及相关救济请求所提补充异议的答复（June 23, 2023，主案件卷编号 1934）。\n\n27. 债务人故意以此方式安排其财务事务，以便隐匿和耗散数百万美元资产，同时向其众多债权人虚假声称贫困。债务人声称自己一贫如洗，却同时大肆支出，以维持其本人、家庭成员及亲密关联人的亿万富翁生活方式。\n\n28. 债务人隐匿和耗散的资产包括其从其加密货币、证券及其他欺诈方案的受害人处取得的资金。由于该等行为，债务人在 United States District Court for the Southern District of New York 审理中的刑事案件中面临多项重罪欺诈、洗钱和敲诈勒索指控。见 United States v. Ho Wan Kwok（美国诉郭文贵）, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.).\n\n29. 债务人知道并意图通过以该方式隐匿和耗散其资产，将不会剩余足以偿还其债权人——包括其众多欺诈受害人——的资产。因此，该等转让必然是为阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人的债权人而作出。\n\n30. 被告是一家成立于2004年的公司，旨在向私人飞机所有人提供管理服务。\n\n31. 本案所涉转让属于债务人通过购买奢侈品和服务耗散其资产这一惯常做法的一部分。鉴于债务人耗散的是其欺诈所得，该等对奢侈品的支出尤为恶劣。\n\n32. 即使债务人向其债权人声称自己身无分文，他仍同时将其奢华生活方式作为营销工具，以推广其欺诈方案。这一策略的众多例子之一是债务人的“Hcoin to the Moon”音乐视频，债务人在其中炫耀奢华的个人财产——包括游艇、跑车、西装、雪茄和家居陈设——以推广对其一项欺诈性加密货币项目的投资。14\n\n33. 这进一步反映出债务人就该等转让所具有欺诈意图。\nE. 向被告作出的转让\n\n34. 在申请日之前，债务人通过其另我空壳公司，包括 Golden Spring、Lamp Capital、G Fashion，或以其他方式，将债务人的财产转让给被告（统称“转让”），包括但不限于如下：\n\n见随附并构成本文件一部分的附表A。\n\n35. 在转让时，债务人对其破产财产债权人负有未偿义务。\n\n36. 被告是该等转让的初始受让人。\n第一项请求\n（根据《破产法典》第 548(a)(1)(A) 条和第 550(a) 条撤销及追回实际欺诈性转让的请求）\n\n37. 受托人重述并再次主张第1至36段所载指控，如同在此完整载明。\n\n38. 债务人通过其另我 Golden Spring、Lamp Capital 和 G Fashion 作出该等转让时，具有阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的实际意图。\n\n39. 债务人在实施该等转让时阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图，尤其由下列事实表明：\n\na. 该等转让是通过另我空壳公司实施的；\n\nb. 该等转让被向债务人的债权人隐瞒；\n\n14 见（最后访问于 Jan. 25, 2024）。债务人于2021年12月在 YouTube（优兔）上发布该音乐视频，约在申请日前两个月。\n\nc. 该等转让是债务人借助其控制的家庭成员及其他亲信和下属实施“空壳游戏”的一部分，旨在隐匿和保护资产；\n\nd. 该等转让使债务人能够从其欺诈中受益，而不使其财产处于其债权人可追索的范围内，从而促进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 该等转让使债务人能够从其欺诈中获利，而不使其财产处于其债权人可追索的范围内，从而促进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在该等转让时，债务人正被起诉，包括 PAX 在 PAX案件中对其提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在该等转让时，债务人无清偿能力或资本不足。\n\n40. 该等转让可由受托人依据《破产法典》第 548(a)(i)(A) 条撤销，并可依据《破产法典》第 550(a) 条追回。\n第二项请求\n（根据《纽约债务人与债权人法》第 273、274 和 276 条，以及《破产法典》第 544(b) 条和第 550(a) 条撤销及追回实际欺诈性转让的请求）\n\n41. 受托人重述并再次主张第1至36段所载指控，如同在此完整载明。\n\n42. 债务人通过其另我公司 Golden Spring、Lamp Capital、G Fashion 作出该等转让时，具有阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的实际意图。\n\n43. 除其他事项外，债务人为实施该等转让而意图阻碍、拖延和／或欺诈其债权人，可由以下事实证明：\n\na. 该等转让是通过作为另我实体的空壳公司实施的；\n\nb. 该等转让向债务人的债权人隐瞒；\n\nc. 该等转让是债务人为隐瞒和保护资产而实施的“空壳游戏”的一部分，并在其控制的家庭成员及其他亲信和下属的协助下进行；\n\nd. 该等转让使债务人能够从其欺诈行为中获益，而不使其财产受其债权人追索，从而进一步促成了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 该等转让使债务人能够从其欺诈行为中获利，而不使其财产受其债权人追索，从而进一步促成了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在该等转让发生时，债务人正被提起诉讼，其中包括 PAX（PAX）在 PAX 案件中提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在该等转让发生时，债务人已资不抵债或资本不足。\n\n44. 根据《纽约州债务人与债权人法》273(a)(1)、274 及 276 条以及《破产法》544(b)条，该等转让可由受托人撤销，并可根据《破产法》550(a)条予以追回。\n\n【本页其余部分特意留白。】\n\n救济请求\n\n因此，基于上述理由，受托人谨请求作出如下判决：\n\n1. 就第一项请求，（a）作出裁定，宣告金额不少于 \\$172,876.13 的该等转让根据《破产法》548(a)(1)(A)条予以撤销；（b）作出裁定，命令撤销该等转让；以及（c）根据《破产法》550(a)(1)条，为债务人破产财产之利益，从被告处追回该等转让，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n2. 就第二项请求，（a）作出裁定，宣告金额不少于 \\$172,876.13 的该等转让根据《破产法》544(b)条及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》273(a)(2)、274 及 276 条予以撤销；（b）作出裁定，命令撤销该等转让；以及（c）根据《纽约州债务人与债权人法》276 条及《破产法》550(a)(1)条，为债务人破产财产之利益，从被告处追回该等转让，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n3. 向受托人裁定自提交本起诉状之日起至本案判决之日止，按法定最高利率计算的判决前利息；以及\n\n4. 法院在此情况下认为公正、适当或衡平的其他及进一步救济。\n\n【本页其余部分特意留白】\n\n日期：February 12, 2024\nNew Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯）\n第 11 章受托人\n\n代理人：/s/ Douglas Skalka\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡）(ct00616)\nPatrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）(ct29437)\nNEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.（纽伯特、佩佩及蒙蒂思律师事务所）\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor\nNew Haven, Connecticut 06510\n(203) 781-2847\n[dskalka@npmlaw.com]\n[plinsey@npmlaw.com]\n第 11 章受托人的代理律师\n\n案件 22-50073 文件 2734 提交于 02/12/24 录入于 02/12/24 10:33:45 第 16 页，共 16 页\n\n附表 A\n\n编号 账户持有人 日期 金额\n\n1 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd（纽约金泉有限公司） 6/16/2020 \\$ (115,601.13)\n2 G Fashion（G时尚） 5/19/2021 (26,800.00)\n3 G Fashion 5/19/2021 (26,800.00)\n4 Lamp Capital LLC（兰普资本有限责任公司） 2/9/2022 (3,675.00)\n合计－向 Liberty Jet Management（自由喷气机管理公司）的付款 \\$ (172,876.13)","key_entities":["Despins","Je","Kwok","Ho Wan Kwok","Guo","Himalaya","Miles Guo","Yanping Wang","HCHK","GTV","Saraca","GETTR","Paul Hastings","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[{"doc_number":215,"court":"CTB"}],"word_count":4791,"status":"published","published_at":"2024-02-12 00:00:00","created_at":"2024-02-12","updated_at":"2026-08-23 20:10:24"}