{"id":"court_ctb_2750_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":2750,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":null,"title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse) | | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | |\n|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS | DEFENDANTS | | | |\n| Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee | | Jamestown Associates
, LLC | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.) | ATTORNEYS
(If Known) | | | |\n| Douglas S. Skalka, Patrick R. Linsey
Neubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.
195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510
(203)781-2847 | | | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only) | | PARTY (Check One Box Only) | | |\n| □ Debtor
□ U.S.
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin | □ Debtor
□ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin | | | |\n| □ Creditor
□ Other | □ Creditor | □ Other | | |\n| □ Trustee | □ Trustee | | | |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION
(WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED)
Complaint of Chapter 11 Trustee seeking avoidance and recovery of fraudulent transfers and related relief pursuant
to Bankruptcy Code Sections 544,547,548, and 550 and New York Debtor and Creditor Law | | | | |\n| Sections 273, 274, and 276 | | | | |\n| NATURE OF SUIT
(Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property
□ | □ | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued) | | |\n| 11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property
□ | □ | 61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support | | |\n| 12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference
□ | 68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury
□ | | | |\n| 13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
□
14-Recovery of money/property - other | 63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan
□
64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation | | | |\n| | | (other than domestic support) | | |\n| FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
□
21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property | □ | 65-Dischargeability - other | | |\n| FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief
□ | | | |\n| □
31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h) | 71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay
□ | | | |\n| | | 72-Injunctive relief – other | | |\n| FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge
□
41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e) | □ | FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest
81-Subordination of claim or interest | | |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation | | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment | | |\n| □
51-Revocation of confirmation | □ | 91-Declaratory judgment | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability
□
66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims
□
62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation, | □ | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action
01-Determination of removed claim or cause | | |\n| actual fraud
□ | Other
□ | | | |\n| 67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny | □ | SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq. | | |\n| (continued next column) | | 02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court
if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | |\n| □ Check if this case involves a substantive issue of state law | | □ Check if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23 | | |\n| □ Check if a jury trial is demanded in complaint | Demand \\$ | | | |\n| Other Relief Sought | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n\n#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | | |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------|------------------|--|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR | | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO. | | | |\n| Ho Wan Kwok | | 22-50073 (JAM) | | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | | |\n| Connecticut | | Bridgeport | Julie A. Manning | | |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFF | DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY | | |\n| | | | PROCEEDING NO. | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| /s/ Douglas S. Skalka | | | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| DATE | | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | |\n| | | Douglas S. Skalka | | | |\n| 2/12/2024 | | | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n# **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | | x |\n|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| In re: | | :
:
Chapter 11 |\n| HO WAN KWOK,
et al., | 1 | :
:
Case No. 22-50073 (JAM) |\n| | Debtors. | :
:
(Jointly Administered)
: |\n| -----------------------------------------------------------
LUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11
TRUSTEE,
v. | Plaintiff, | x
:
:
:
:
Adv. Proceeding No. [
]
:
:
: |\n| JAMESTOWN ASSOCIATES, LLC, | | :
February
12, 2024
: |\n| | Defendant. | :
:
: |\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | | x |\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF FRAUDULENT TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 544, 548 AND 550 AND NEW YORK DEBTOR & CREDITOR LAW SECTIONS 273, 274, AND 276**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the\n\nchapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this\n\n1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\nadversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant Jamestown Associates, LLC (the \"Defendant\"), stating as follows:\n\n# **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding under Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\") to avoid and recover transfers of the Debtor's property prior to the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case.\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter ego shell company, HCHK Technologies, Inc. (\"HCHK\"), transferred funds in the amount of \\$104,691.25 prior to the Petition Date (as defined herein) to the Defendant as initial transferee.\n\n3. These transfers were actually fraudulent, because the Debtor effectuated them as part of his \"shell game,\" and they were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n## J**URISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b).\n\n5. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(a).\n\n6. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include sections 544, 548, and 550 of the Bankruptcy Code and New York Debtor & Creditor Law sections 273, 274, and 276 [2](#page-3-0) or any other applicable state law equivalents.\n\n2 All statutory references to New York Debtor and Creditor Law will hereinafter be referred to as \"N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law\". The New York Uniform Voidable Transactions Act (\"NYUVT\") replaced the New York Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act (\"NYUFC\") and became effective on April 4, 2020 and applies to transfers made or obligations incurred on or after April 4, 2020. With respect to transfers prior to April 4, 2020, the Trustee seeks relief in this action under the NYUFC and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law §§273, 273-a, 274, 275, 276 and 278.\n\n### **THE PARTIES**\n\n7. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n8. The Defendant is a Pennsylvania limited liability company with an address at 421 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19106.\n\n### **FACTS**\n\n### **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n9. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the Chapter 11 Case.\n\n10. On March 21, 2022, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n11. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities[.](#page-4-0)3 While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and/or transferred through his many alter ego shell companies, including, HCHK.\n\n12. On June 15, 2022, the Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the\n\n3 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 [Main Case Docket No. 78].\n\nTrustee. On July 8, 2022, the Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n## **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n13. HCHK is one of the numerous alter ego shell companies used by the Debtor to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors.[4](#page-5-0) For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members, lieutenants, and/or subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use and spend and/or transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets—while concealing his property from creditors.\n\n14. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell companies were his alter egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several adversary proceedings, the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief.[5](#page-5-1)\n\n15. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from\n\n4 A default has entered against HCHK in the adversary proceeding *Despins v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et. al* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5013 (the \"HCHK Entities A.P.\"), Docket No. 139), which adversary proceeding seeks, among other things, a declaratory judgment that HCHK is the alter ego of the Debtor. The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the HCHK Entities A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023, Docket No. 1).\n\n5 These include the following adversary proceedings: (i) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]; (vi) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited [Adv. Proc. 23- 05018]; and (vii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. 23-05023].\n\nother Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n## **C. Debtor's Conduct to Hinder, Delay, and/or Defraud Creditors**\n\n16. In addition to the matters addressed in the Trustee's adversary proceedings, the Bankruptcy Court has found that the Debtor was the beneficial owner of Ace Decade Limited (and through it, Dawn State Limited) and that the Debtor controlled and employed Ace Decade Limited's nominee shareholder, Yvette Wang.[6](#page-6-0)\n\n17. The Bankruptcy Court has also found that the \"G Entities\" (Gettr, G Fashion, G Music, GClubs, GNews and GEdu), the New Federal State of China and the Rule of Law Foundation, as well as other purportedly independent entities and organizations, were controlled by the Debtor, [7](#page-6-1) led by the Debtor[8](#page-6-2) and/or served \"the purposes of… and as business vehicles of\" the Debtor.[9](#page-6-3)\n\n18. Prior to the Petition Date, Judge Liman of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York found that Eastern Profit Corporation Limited, an entity originally owned by one of the Debtor's chefs before its transfer to Debtor's daughter, was \"in essence, a shell corporation\" for the Debtor.[10](#page-6-4)\n\n6 Order Granting Motion to Hold Debtor in Contempt of Corporate Governance Order, ¶¶ 1, 4 (Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372 (\"Corp. Governance Contempt Order\").\n\n7 *Corrected Memorandum of Decision Granting in Part Motion for Preliminary Injunction*, ¶ 3 (Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032, January 13, 2023 (\"The Debtor also controls Saraca Media Group and a related entity 'GTV'\").\n\n8 *Id*. at ¶ 7 (\"The Debtor is the leader of The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF and Himalaya.\").\n\n9 *Id*. (\"The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF, GSeries, and Himalaya serve the purposes of the Debtor, serve as business vehicles for the Debtor, and their members are personally loyal to the Debtor.\").\n\n10 *Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC*, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n19. The Debtor has gone to great lengths to hinder and delay the collection efforts of one of his largest creditors, *i.e.*, Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P. (\"PAX\"). In 2017, PAX sued the Debtor in the Supreme Court of the State of New York (the \"New York Court\"), Index No. 652077/2017 (the \"PAX Case\"), seeking judgment for monies owed. On February 3, 2021, PAX obtained a judgment from the New York Court against the Debtor in the sum of \\$116,402,019.57 (the \"PAX Judgment\"). PAX sought to enforce the PAX Judgment by levying the Debtor's assets—including the Lady May, which the Debtor falsely claimed was owned by his daughter, and the Debtor's luxury apartment in Manhattan, which the Debtor falsely claimed was held in trust for the Debtor's son. The Debtor's defiance of New York Court orders in postjudgment proceedings eventually resulted in the Debtor incurring contempt penalties of \\$134 million.\n\n20. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including HCHK, as personal piggy-banks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries on their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos perpetuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme.\n\n21. The Debtor has testified before the Bankruptcy Court that he has insufficient assets to pay his liabilities and that his luxurious lifestyle is funded by his family through businesses nominally held by family members.[11](#page-7-0) The Debtor scheduled only \\$3,850 in assets.[12](#page-7-1)\n\n11 Hearing on Debtor's Motion for Entry of Interim and Final DIP Orders (I) Authorizing the Debtor to Obtain Unsecured, Subordinated Postpetition Financing and (II) Scheduling Interim and Final Hearings, and (III) Granting Related Relief (Main Case, April 27, 2022)\n\n12 *See* n.3\n\n22. In March 2023, the Debtor was arrested and remains confined pending his trial on federal criminal charges of, among other things, wire fraud, securities fraud, and money laundering.\n\n23. In its criminal indictment of the Debtor, the United States Government asserts that the Debtor and his co-defendants \"utilized more than approximately 500 accounts held in the names of *at least 80 different entities or individuals* to launder more than \\$1 billion in fraud proceeds.\"[13](#page-8-0)\n\n24. The property of the Debtor's alter egos, including HCHK, was at all times prior to the Petition Date property of the Debtor.\n\n25. At all times relevant herein, the Debtor conducted business in New York, New York, including direction of the prepetition transfers at issue in this Complaint.\n\n## **D. Transfers Made with Intent to Hinder, Delay, or Defraud Creditors**\n\n26. The Transfers (as defined herein) at issue in this Complaint were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors inasmuch as they were all made through the Debtor's alter-ego shell companies operated as a part of the Debtor's shell game.\n\n27. The Debtor intentionally orchestrated his financial affairs in this manner in order to conceal and dissipate millions of dollars in assets while falsely pleading poverty to his many creditors. The Debtor claimed to be destitute while simultaneously spending heavily to maintain a billionaire lifestyle for himself and for his family members and close associates.\n\n13 *See* Memorandum of Law of the United States of America in Opposition to Defendant Yanping Wang's Motion for Pretrial Release at 29, attached as Exhibit B in the Reply of Chapter 11 Trustee to G Club Operations LLC's Supplemental Objection to Trustee's Motion to Compel and Request for Related Relief (June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934).\n\n28. The assets concealed and dissipated by the Debtor included funds that he obtained from the victims of his cryptocurrency, securities, and other fraud schemes. As a result of this conduct, the Debtor faces multiple felony fraud, money laundering, and racketeering charges in a criminal case pending in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. *See United States v. Ho Wan Kwok*, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.).\n\n29. The Debtor knew and intended that by concealing and dissipating his assets in this manner there would not be sufficient assets remaining to repay his creditors—including the many victims of his frauds. These transfers were thus necessarily made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n### **E. Investigation and Transfers to the Defendant**\n\n30. Prior to the Petition Date, the Debtor, using his alter ego shell company, HCHK, or otherwise, transferred the Debtor's property to the Defendant (collectively, the \"Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n31. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of the Debtor's estate.\n\n32. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfers.\n\n### **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers Pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 548(a)(1)(A) and 550(a))**\n\n33. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-32 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n34. The Transfers were made by the Debtor through his alter ego, HCHK, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n8\n\n35. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the Transfers is shown by, among other things:\n\n- a. The Transfers were effectuated using an alter ego shell company;\n- b. The Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n36. The Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to section 548(a)(i)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code and are recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n## **SECOND CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 274, and 276, and Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) and 550(a))**\n\n37. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-32 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n38. The Transfers were made by the Debtor, through his alter ego, HCHK, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n9\n\n39. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the Transfers is shown by, among other things:\n\n- a. The Transfers were effectuated using an alter ego shell company;\n- b. The Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n40. The Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276, and section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. On the First Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$104,691.25 are avoided pursuant to section 548(a)(1)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code; (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. On the Second Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$104,691.25 are avoided pursuant to section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2), 274 and 276; (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law section 276 and section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n3. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n4. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n[*Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank*]\n\nDated: February 12, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: /s/ Douglas Skalka\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_*\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_* Douglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 [dskalka@npmlaw.com](mailto:dskalka@npmlaw.com) [plinsey@npmlaw.com](mailto:plinsey@npmlaw.com) *Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\n# **SCHEDULE A**\n\n# **FILED UNDER SEAL**","body_zh":"B1040（表格 1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗程序封面表\n（背面说明） 对抗程序编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n原告 被告\nLuc A. Despins（吕克·A·德斯平），第 11 章受托人 Jamestown Associates, LLC（詹姆斯敦联合有限责任公司）\n律师（律师事务所名称、地址和电话号码） 律师\n（如已知）\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡），Patrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）\nNeubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.（纽伯特、佩佩及蒙蒂思专业公司）\n195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510\n(203)781-2847\n当事人（仅勾选一个方框） 当事人（仅勾选一个方框）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国\n受托人/破产管理人 □ 债务人\n□ 美国受托人/破产\n管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他 □ 债权人 □ 其他\n□ 受托人 □ 受托人\n诉因\n（简要说明诉因，包括所涉及的全部美国法典条款）\n第 11 章受托人依据《破产法典》第 544、547、548 及 550 条和《纽约州债务人与债权人法》\n第 273、274 及 276 条，请求撤销并追回欺诈性转让及给予相关救济的起诉状\n诉讼性质\n（最多为五（5）个方框编号，以主要诉因为 1，第一备选诉因为 2，第二备选诉因为 3，依此类推。）\nFRBP 7001(1) – 追回金钱/财产\n□ □ FRBP 7001(6) – 可免责性（续）\n11－追回金钱/财产－§542 财产返还\n□ □ 61－可免责性－§523(a)(5)，家庭扶养\n12－追回金钱/财产－§547 优先受偿\n□ 68－可免责性－§523(a)(6)，故意且恶意造成的损害\n□\n13－追回金钱/财产－§548 欺诈性转让\n□\n14－追回金钱/财产－其他 63－可免责性－§523(a)(8)，学生贷款\n□\n64－可免责性－§523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\n（家庭扶养义务除外）\nFRBP 7001(2) – 留置权的有效性、优先顺位或范围\n□\n21－留置权或其他财产权益的有效性、优先顺位或范围 □ 65－可免责性－其他\nFRBP 7001(3) – 批准出售财产 FRBP 7001(7) – 禁令救济\n□\n□\n31－批准出售破产财产及共同所有人财产－§363(h) 71－禁令救济－施加停止令\n□\n72－禁令救济－其他\nFRBP 7001(4) – 异议/撤销免责\n□\n41－异议/撤销免责－§727(c),(d),(e) □ FRBP 7001(8) 债权或权益从属\n81－债权或权益从属\nFRBP 7001(5) – 撤销确认 FRBP 7001(9) 确认判决\n□\n51－撤销确认 □ 91－确认判决\nFRBP 7001(6) – 可免责性\n□\n66－可免责性－§523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税收债权\n□\n62－可免责性－§523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述， □ FRBP 7001(10) 对移送诉讼的裁定\n01－对移送债权或诉因的裁定\n实际欺诈\n□ 其他\n□\n67－可免责性－§523(a)(4)，受托人欺诈、侵占、盗窃 □ SS－SIPA 案件－15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\n（续见下一栏） 02－其他（例如，如与破产案件无关本应在州法院提起的其他诉讼）\n□ 如本案涉及州法实体问题，请勾选 □ 如主张本案为依据 FRCP 23 的集体诉讼，请勾选\n□ 如起诉状中请求陪审团审判，请勾选 请求金额 \\$\n请求的其他救济\n\nB1040（表格 1040）（12/15）\n\n本对抗程序所产生的破产案件\n\n债务人姓名 破产案件编号\nHo Wan Kwok（郭文贵） 22-50073 (JAM)\n案件待决地区 分庭办事处 法官姓名\nConnecticut（康涅狄格州） Bridgeport（布里奇波特） Julie A. Manning（朱莉·A·曼宁）\n相关对抗程序（如有）\n原告 被告 对抗\n程序编号\n\n对抗程序待决地区 分庭办事处 法官姓名\n\n律师（或原告）签名\n\n/s/ Douglas S. Skalka\n\n日期 律师（或原告）印刷体姓名\nDouglas S. Skalka\n2/12/2024\n\n说明\n\n提交破产案件会在破产法院管辖下形成一项“破产财产”，其中包括债务人的全部财产，无论该等财产位于何处。由于破产财产范围广泛且法院管辖权如此宽泛，可能会就该破产财产的财产或财产权利发生诉讼。也可能会发生有关债务人免责的诉讼。如该等诉讼在破产法院提起，称为对抗程序。\n\n提交对抗程序的一方还必须填写并提交表格 1040，即对抗程序封面表，除非该方通过法院的案件管理/电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提交对抗程序。（CM/ECF 在提交过程中获取表格 1040 中的信息。）完成后，该封面表概述对抗程序的基本信息。法院书记官需要该等信息来处理对抗程序，并编制有关法院活动的必要统计报告。\n\n封面表及其所载信息并不替代或补充法律、《破产规则》或法院地方法规所要求的诉状或其他文件的提交和送达。该封面表大体上不言自明，必须由原告律师填写（如原告未由律师代理，则由原告填写）。每份提交的起诉状均须向书记官单独提交一份封面表。\n\n原告和被告。请按照起诉状中所示的原告和被告姓名准确填写。\n\n律师。如已知，请填写律师的姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。在第一栏中为原告勾选最适当的方框，并在第二栏中为被告勾选最适当的方框。\n\n请求金额。填写起诉状中所请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面表必须由登记在案的律师在表格第二页的方框内签名。如原告由律师事务所代理，必须由该律师事务所的一名成员签名。如原告自行诉讼，即未由律师代理，则必须由原告签名。\n美国康涅狄格联邦破产法院布里奇波特分庭\n\n----------------------------------------------------------- x\n\n关于： :\n:\n第 11 章\nHO WAN KWOK（郭文贵），\n等人， 1 :\n:\n案件编号 22-50073 (JAM)\n债务人。 :\n:\n（合并管理）\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（吕克·A·德斯平），第 11 章\n受托人，\n诉 原告， x\n\n对抗程序编号 [\n]\n\nJAMESTOWN ASSOCIATES, LLC（詹姆斯敦联合有限责任公司）， :\n2024 年\n2 月\n12 日\n\n被告。 :\n\n----------------------------------------------------------- x\n第 11 章受托人依据《破产法典》第 544、548 及 550 条和《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第 273、274 及 276 条，请求撤销并追回欺诈性转让及给予相关救济的起诉状\n\nLuc A. Despins，以在 Ho Wan Kwok（“债务人”或“Kwok”）的第 11 章案件（“第 11 章案件”）中获任命的第 11 章受托人（“受托人”）身份，提交本\n\n1 本第 11 章案件中的债务人为 Ho Wan Kwok（亦称 Guo Wengui、Miles Guo 和 Miles Kwok，以及其他众多别名）（税务识别号码后四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（杰尼弗控股有限责任公司）（税务识别号码后四位：8202）及 Genever Holdings Corporation（杰尼弗控股公司）。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC 及 Genever Holdings Corporation 的邮寄地址为 Paul Hastings LLP（普衡律师事务所），200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，c/o Luc A. Despins，作为 Ho Wan Kwok 破产财产的受托人（仅用于通知和通信）。\n\n针对被告 Jamestown Associates, LLC（“被告”）的对抗起诉状（“起诉状”），陈述如下：\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人依据《美国法典》第 11 编（“破产法典”）提起本对抗程序，以撤销并追回本第 11 章案件开始前债务人财产的转让。\n\n2. 债务人通过其另我空壳公司 HCHK Technologies, Inc.（“HCHK”），在申请日（定义如下）之前向作为初始受让人的被告转让了 \\$104,691.25 的资金。\n\n3. 该等转让系实际欺诈性转让，因为债务人将其作为其“空壳把戏”的一部分实施，且其作出该等转让的意图是阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人的债权人。\n管辖权及审判地\n\n4. 本法院根据 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b) 对本对抗程序具有事项管辖权。\n\n5. 本对抗程序已根据 28 U.S.C. § 157(a) 移交本法院审理。\n\n6. 本文所请求救济的法定依据包括《破产法典》第 544、548 及 550 条以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第 273、274 及 276 条[2]，或其他任何适用的州法等同规定。\n\n2 此后，对《纽约州债务人与债权人法》的所有法定引用均称为“N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law”。《纽约州统一可撤销交易法》（“NYUVT”）取代了《纽约州统一欺诈性让与法》（“NYUFC”），于 April 4, 2020 生效，并适用于在 April 4, 2020 当日或之后作出的转让或承担的义务。对于 April 4, 2020 之前的转让，受托人在本诉讼中依据 NYUFC 及 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law §§273, 273-a, 274, 275, 276 and 278 请求救济。\n当事人\n\n7. 受托人系第 11 章案件中的第 11 章受托人，依据破产法院于 July 8, 2022 作出的命令获任命[案件编号 22-50073（“主案件”）案卷编号 523]。\n\n8. 被告是一家宾夕法尼亚州有限责任公司，地址为 421 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19106。\n事实\nA. 第 11 章案件\n\n9. 债务人于 February 15, 2022 在 United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut（美国康涅狄格联邦破产法院）（“破产法院”）提交了根据《破产法典》第 11 章请求救济的自愿申请（“申请日”），从而开始第 11 章案件。\n\n10. 于 March 21, 2022，美国受托人办公室在本第 11 章案件中任命了无担保债权人正式委员会。尚未任命审查员。\n\n11. 债务人于 March 2022 向破产法院提交的破产清单声称，其拥有 \\$3,850 的资产，并已产生数亿美元的负债[。]3 虽然债务人的确负债累累，但其清单未披露债务人通过其众多另我空壳公司（包括 HCHK）持有和/或转让的财产。\n\n12. 于 June 15, 2022，法院作出决定备忘录及命令[主案件案卷编号 465]，指示美国受托人在第 11 章案件中任命一名第 11 章受托人。依据该命令，美国受托人选定 Luc A. Despins 为\n\n3 资产和负债清单，第 1 页[主案件案卷编号 78]。\n\n受托人。于 July 8, 2022，法院作出命令，批准任命 Luc A. Despins 为第 11 章案件中的受托人[主案件案卷编号 523]。\nB. 债务人对空壳公司的使用及受托人的对抗程序\n\n13. HCHK 是债务人用于阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的众多另我空壳公司之一。[4] 多年来，债务人策划了一场“空壳把戏”，运用由家庭成员、亲信和/或下属名义持有、但实际上由债务人控制的复杂空壳公司网络。这场空壳把戏使债务人能够使用、花费和/或转让数百万美元的现金及其他资产——同时向债权人隐瞒其财产。\n\n14. 自获任命以来，受托人在第 11 章案件中已提起多项对抗程序，旨在（除其他事项外）确立债务人的空壳公司是其另我，和/或该等公司及其资产在衡平法上归债务人所有；在若干对抗程序中，破产法院已给予该等救济。[5]\n\n15. 这些诉讼中的事实模式一贯涉及：(i) 由近亲和/或下属持有的、受债务人控制的空壳公司，(ii) 以现金购置的资产\n\n4. 在对抗程序 Despins v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et. al（对抗程序编号 23-5013（“HCHK Entities A.P.”），案卷编号 139）中，已对 HCHK 作出缺席登记；该对抗程序除其他请求外，请求作出确认判决，确认 HCHK 为债务人的另我。受托人特此援引纳入受托人在 HCHK Entities A.P. 中提交的起诉状（对抗程序编号 23-5023，案卷编号 1）。\n\n5. 其中包括以下对抗程序：(i) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），Chapter 11 受托人 v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC（HK国际基金投资（美国）有限公司），et al. [对抗程序编号 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 受托人 v. Greenwich Land LLC（格林威治地产有限责任公司），et al. [对抗程序编号 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 受托人 v. Mei Guo（郭美）[对抗程序编号 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 受托人 v. HCHK Technologies, Inc.（HCHK科技公司），et al. [对抗程序编号 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 受托人 v. Taurus Fund LLC（金牛基金有限责任公司），et al. [对抗程序编号 23-05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 受托人 v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited（黄金之泉（纽约）有限公司）[对抗程序编号 23-05018]；以及 (vii) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 受托人 v. Lamp Capital LLC（蓝普资本有限责任公司），et al. [对抗程序编号 23-05023]。\n\n其他由债务人控制的实体和/或在空壳实体之间无对价转移，以及 (iii) 债务人从该等资产中受益，并对该等资产拥有控制权和支配权。\n\nC. 债务人为阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债权人而实施的行为\n\n16. 除受托人对抗程序中所处理的事项外，破产法院还认定，债务人为 Ace Decade Limited（艾斯十年有限公司）（并通过该公司为 Dawn State Limited（道恩州有限公司））的受益所有人，且债务人控制并使用了 Ace Decade Limited 的名义股东 Yvette Wang（王悦特）。[6]\n\n17. 破产法院还认定，“G Entities”（Gettr（盖特尔）、G Fashion（G时尚）、G Music（G音乐）、GClubs、GNews 和 GEdu）、New Federal State of China（新中国联邦）和 Rule of Law Foundation（法治基金会），以及其他表面上独立的实体和组织，均受债务人控制，[7] 由债务人领导[8]，和/或服务于债务人的“目的……并作为债务人的商业载体”。[9]\n\n18. 在申请日之前，United States District Court for the Southern District of New York（美国纽约南区联邦地区法院）的 Liman 法官（利曼法官）认定，Eastern Profit Corporation Limited（东方利润有限公司）——该实体最初由债务人的一名厨师所有，后转让给债务人的女儿——“实质上是”债务人的“一家空壳公司”。[10]\n\n6 命令准许要求认定债务人藐视《公司治理命令》的动议，¶¶ 1, 4（Jan. 24, 2023，案卷编号 1372（“Corp. Governance Contempt Order”）。\n\n7 经更正的部分准许初步禁令动议的裁定备忘录，¶ 3（对抗程序编号 22-05032，January 13, 2023（“债务人还控制 Saraca Media Group（萨拉卡媒体集团）及关联实体‘GTV’”）。\n\n8 同上，第 ¶ 7 段（“债务人是 The Whistleblower Movement（爆料革命）、NFSC、ROLF 和 Himalaya（喜马拉雅）的领导人。”）。\n\n9 同上（“The Whistleblower Movement、NFSC、ROLF、GSeries 和 Himalaya 服务于债务人的目的，作为债务人的商业载体，其成员在个人上忠于债务人。”）。\n\n10 Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at *1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n19. 债务人为阻碍和拖延其最大债权人之一，即 Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P.（太平洋联盟亚洲机会基金，L.P.）（“PAX”）的追偿工作，煞费苦心。2017 年，PAX 在 Supreme Court of the State of New York（纽约州最高法院）（“纽约法院”）对债务人提起诉讼，案号 652077/2017（“PAX 案件”），请求就所欠款项作出判决。February 3, 2021，PAX 从纽约法院获得针对债务人的 $116,402,019.57 判决（“PAX 判决”）。PAX 试图通过扣押债务人的资产来执行 PAX 判决——包括 Lady May，该游艇被债务人虚假声称为其女儿所有；以及债务人在曼哈顿的豪华公寓，该公寓被债务人虚假声称为代其儿子信托持有。债务人在判决后程序中藐视纽约法院命令，最终导致债务人招致 $134 million 的藐视法庭罚款。\n\n20. 债务人还将其另我，包括 HCHK，用作个人提款机，在这些另我中隐匿资产以逃避债权人，并阻碍和拖延债权人就其债权获得追偿，同时为其本人及其家人业已习惯的奢侈生活方式提供资金。债务人通过这些另我实施的转让延续了债务人的欺诈计划。\n\n21. 债务人已在破产法院作证称，其资产不足以偿付其负债，且其奢华的生活方式由其家人通过名义上由家庭成员持有的企业提供资金。[11] 债务人仅在其财产清单中列示 $3,850 的资产。[12]\n\n11 关于债务人请求作出临时和最终 DIP 命令的听证会：(I) 授权债务人获得无担保、次级的申请后融资；(II) 安排临时和最终听证会；以及 (III) 授予相关救济（主案，April 27, 2022）\n\n12 见注释 3\n\n22. 在 March 2023，债务人被捕，并在等待就联邦刑事指控受审期间持续被羁押；该等指控除其他外包括电信欺诈、证券欺诈和洗钱。\n\n23. 美国政府在针对债务人的刑事起诉书中主张，债务人及其共同被告“利用以至少 80 个不同实体或个人名义持有的约超过 500 个账户，对超过 $1 billion 的欺诈所得进行洗钱。”[13]\n\n24. 债务人另我的财产，包括 HCHK 的财产，在申请日之前的任何时候均为债务人的财产。\n\n25. 在与本案相关的所有期间，债务人在 New York, New York 开展业务，包括指挥本起诉状所涉的申请前转让。\n\nD. 为阻碍、拖延或欺诈债权人而作出的转让\n\n26. 本起诉状所涉的转让（定义见本文件）（统称“转让”）均系通过债务人作为其空壳游戏一部分而经营的另我空壳公司作出，故系为阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人债权人之目的而作出。\n\n27. 债务人故意以此方式安排其财务事务，以在向其众多债权人虚假声称贫困的同时，隐匿和耗散数百万美元的资产。债务人声称身无分文，却同时大肆支出，为其本人、其家庭成员和亲密同伙维持亿万富翁的生活方式。\n\n13 见 United States of America（美利坚合众国）反对被告 Yanping Wang（王艳萍）审前释放动议的法律备忘录，第 29 页；该备忘录作为附件 B 附于 Chapter 11 受托人对 G Club Operations LLC（G俱乐部运营有限责任公司）就受托人强制执行动议及相关救济请求所提补充异议的答复中（June 23, 2023，主案件卷编号 1934）。\n\n28. 债务人隐匿和耗散的资产包括其从其加密货币、证券及其他欺诈计划受害人处取得的资金。由于该等行为，债务人在 United States District Court for the Southern District of New York 正在审理的一宗刑事案件中面临多项重罪欺诈、洗钱和敲诈勒索指控。见 United States v. Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.).\n\n29. 债务人明知并意图通过以此方式隐匿和耗散其资产，使得不会留下足够资产偿还其债权人——包括其欺诈行为的众多受害人。因此，该等转让必然系为阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人的债权人之目的而作出。\n\nE. 调查及向被告作出的转让\n\n30. 在申请日之前，债务人通过其另我空壳公司 HCHK 或以其他方式，将债务人的财产转让给被告（统称“转让”），包括但不限于如下：\n\n见随附并构成本文件一部分的附件 A。\n\n31. 在转让时，债务人对债务人财产的债权人负有未清偿债务。\n\n32. 被告是该等转让的初始受让人。\n\n第一项请求\n\n（依据 Bankruptcy Code sections 548(a)(1)(A) and 550(a) 撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让的请求）\n\n33. 受托人重申并再次主张第 1 至 32 段所载指控，如同在本文件中完整列明。\n\n34. 该等转让由债务人通过其另我 HCHK 作出，具有阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的实际意图。\n\n35. 债务人在实施该等转让时阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，体现在：\n\na. 该等转让系使用另我空壳公司实施；\n\nb. 该等转让向债务人的债权人隐瞒；\n\nc. 该等转让系债务人“空壳游戏”的一部分，在债务人控制的家庭成员及其他亲信和下属协助下实施，旨在隐匿和保护资产；\n\nd. 该等转让通过使债务人得以从其欺诈中获益，而不使其财产受债权人追索，进一步促进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 该等转让通过使债务人得以从其欺诈中获利，而不使其财产受债权人追索，进一步促进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在转让时，债务人正被起诉，包括 PAX 在 PAX 案件中对其提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在转让时，债务人无力偿债或资本不足。\n\n36. 受托人可依据 Bankruptcy Code section 548(a)(i)(A) 撤销该等转让，并可依据 Bankruptcy Code section 550(a) 追回该等转让。\n\n第二项请求\n\n（依据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 274, and 276, and Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) and 550(a) 撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让的请求）\n\n37. 受托人重申并再次主张第 1 至 32 段所载指控，如同在本文件中完整列明。\n\n38. 该等转让由债务人通过其另我 HCHK 作出，具有阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的实际意图。\n\n39. 债务人在实施该等转让时阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，体现在：\n\na. 该等转让系使用另我空壳公司实施；\n\nb. 该等转让向债务人的债权人隐瞒；\n\nc. 该等转让系债务人“空壳游戏”的一部分，在债务人控制的家庭成员及其他亲信和下属协助下实施，旨在隐匿和保护资产；\n\nd. 该等转让通过使债务人得以从其欺诈中获益，而不使其财产受债权人追索，进一步促进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 该等转让通过使债务人得以从其欺诈中获利，而不使其财产受债权人追索，进一步促进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在转让时，债务人正被起诉，包括 PAX 在 PAX 案件中对其提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在转让时，债务人无力偿债或资本不足。\n\n40. 受托人可依据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276, and section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code 撤销该等转让，并可依据 section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code 追回该等转让。\n\n救济请求\n\n据此，基于上述理由，受托人谨请求作出如下判决：\n\n1. 关于第一项请求，(a) 一项命令，宣告金额不少于 $104,691.25 的转让依据《破产法》第548(a)(1)(A)条予以撤销；(b) 一项命令，指示撤销该等转让；以及 (c) 依据《破产法》第550(a)(1)条，为债务人财产之利益向被告追偿该等转让，或由受托人选择追偿其价值；\n\n2. 关于第二项请求，(a) 一项命令，宣告金额不少于 $104,691.25 的转让依据《破产法》第544(b)条及《纽约债务人与债权人法》第273(a)(2)、274和276条予以撤销；(b) 一项命令，指示撤销该等转让；以及 (c) 依据《纽约债务人与债权人法》第276条及《破产法》第550(a)(1)条，为债务人财产之利益向被告追偿该等转让，或由受托人选择追偿其价值；\n\n3. 判给受托人自提交本起诉状之日起至本案判决之日止按法定最高利率计算的判决前利息；以及\n\n4. 法院在此情形下认为公正、适当或衡平的其他及进一步救济。\n\n［本页其余部分有意留白］\n\n日期：February 12, 2024 纽黑文，康涅狄格州\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（吕克·A·德斯平斯）\n第11章受托人\n\n签署人：/s/ Douglas Skalka _____*_____* Douglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡）(ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）(ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.（纽伯特、佩佩及蒙蒂思专业公司） 195 Church Street, 13th Floor 纽黑文，康涅狄格州 06510 (203) 781-2847 [dskalka@npmlaw.com] [plinsey@npmlaw.com] 第11章受托人的律师\n\n附表A\n密封提交\n英文","key_entities":["Despins","HCHK","Kwok","Je","Ho Wan Kwok","Guo","Himalaya","Miles Guo","Yanping Wang","GTV","Saraca","GETTR","Paul Hastings","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[{"doc_number":215,"court":"CTB"}],"word_count":4349,"status":"published","published_at":null,"created_at":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-23 19:57:13"}