{"id":"court_ctb_2787_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":2787,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":null,"title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse) | | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | |\n|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS | DEFENDANTS | | | |\n| Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee | | Rising Sun Captial Ltd. | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.) | ATTORNEYS
(If Known) | | | |\n| Douglas S. Skalka, Patrick R. Linsey
Neubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.
195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510
(203)781-2847 | | | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only) | | PARTY (Check One Box Only) | | |\n| □ Debtor
□ U.S.
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin | □ Debtor | □ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin | | |\n| □ Creditor
□ Other | □ Creditor | □ Other
x | | |\n| □ Trustee | □ Trustee | | | |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION | | (WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED) | | |\n| Complaint of Chapter 11 Trustee seeking avoidance and recovery of fraudulent transfers and related relief pursuant
to Bankruptcy Code Sections 544,548, and 550 and New York Debtor and Creditor Law Sections 273, 274, and 276 | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| NATURE OF SUIT
(Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property | | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued) | | |\n| □
11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property | □
61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support | | | |\n| □
12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference
□ | □
68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury
□ | | | |\n| 13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
□ | 63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan
□ | | | |\n| 14-Recovery of money/property - other | | 64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation | | |\n| FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
□
21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property | (other than domestic support)
□
65-Dischargeability - other | | | |\n| | | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief | | |\n| FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property
□ | | □
71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay | | |\n| 31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h) | □ | 72-Injunctive relief – other | | |\n| FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge | | FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest | | |\n| □
41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e) | □ | 81-Subordination of claim or interest | | |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation | | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment | | |\n| □
51-Revocation of confirmation | □ | 91-Declaratory judgment | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability | | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action | | |\n| □
66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims | □ | 01-Determination of removed claim or cause | | |\n| □
62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation, | | | | |\n| actual fraud
□ | Other
□ | | | |\n| 67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny | □ | SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq. | | |\n| (continued next column) | | 02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court
if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | |\n| □ Check if this case involves a substantive issue of state law | | □ Check if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23 | | |\n| □ Check if a jury trial is demanded in complaint | Demand \\$ | | | |\n| Other Relief Sought | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n\n#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | | |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------|------------------|--|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR | | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO. | | | |\n| Ho Wan Kwok | | 22-50073 (JAM) | | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | | |\n| Connecticut | | Bridgeport | Julie A. Manning | | |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFF | DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY | | |\n| | | | PROCEEDING NO. | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | | |\n| /s/ Douglas S. Skalka | | | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| DATE | | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | |\n| February 12, 2024 | | Douglas S. Skalka | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n# **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | | x |\n|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|------------------------------|\n| In re: | :
: | Chapter 11 |\n| 1
HO WAN KWOK,
et al., | :
: | Case No. 22-50073 (JAM) |\n| | :
Debtors.
:
: | (Jointly Administered) |\n| -----------------------------------------------------------
LUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11
TRUSTEE,
v. | :
:
:
:
Plaintiff,
:
:
: | x
Adv. Proceeding No. [ ] |\n| RISING SUN CAPITAL LTD., | :
:
:
: | February 12, 2024 |\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | Defendant.
: | x |\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF FRAUDULENT TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 544, 548, AND 550 AND NEW YORK DEBTOR & CREDITOR LAW SECTIONS 273, 274, AND 276**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the\n\nchapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this\n\n1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\nadversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant Rising Sun Capital Ltd. (the \"Defendant\"), stating as follows:\n\n## **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding to avoid and recover transfers of the Debtor's property prior to the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case.\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter-ego shell companies, Leading Shine NY Ltd. (\"Leading Shine\") and Lamp Capital LLC (\"Lamp Capital\"), transferred funds in the amount of \\$3,723,302.12 prior to the Petition Date (as defined herein) to the Defendant as initial transferee.\n\n3. These transfers were actually fraudulent, because the Debtor effectuated them as part of his \"shell game,\" and they were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors. Alternatively, these transfers were constructively fraudulent, because they were made when the Debtor was insolvent, and the Debtor did not receive reasonably equivalent value in consideration thereof.\n\n## **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §1334(b).\n\n5. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §157(a).\n\n6. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include sections 544, 548 and 550 of Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\") and New York Debtor & Creditor Law sections 273, 274, and 276 2 or any other applicable state law equivalents.\n\n2 All statutory references to New York Debtor and Creditor Law will hereinafter be referred to as \"N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law\". The New York Uniform Voidable Transactions Act (\"NYUVT\") replaced the New York Uniform\n\n## **THE PARTIES**\n\n7. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n8. The Defendant a private limited company organized under the laws of the United Kingdom with an address at 1053 Great West Road, Brentford, London, United Kingdom, TW8 9BW.\n\n## **FACTS**\n\n## **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n9. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\") on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the above-captioned chapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\").\n\n10. On March 21, 2002, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n11. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities.3 While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and transferred through his many alter-ego shell companies, including Lamp Capital and Leading Shine.\n\nFraudulent Conveyance Act (\"NYUFC\") and became effective on April 4, 2020 and applies to transfers made or obligations incurred on or after April 4, 2020.\n\n3 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 (Main Case, Docket No. 78).\n\n12. On June 15, 2022, the Bankruptcy Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the Trustee. On July 8, 2022, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n## **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n13. Lamp Capital and Leading Shine are among the numerous alter-ego shell companies used by the Debtor to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.4 For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members and/or known subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use and spend and/or transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets while concealing his property from creditors.\n\n14. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell\n\n4 The Court has entered judgment to the effect that Lamp Capital was the Debtor's alter ego. *See Despins v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023 (the \"Lamp Capital A.P.\"), Docket No. 66). The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the Lamp Capital A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023, Docket No. 1.\n\nDefault has entered against Leading Shine in the adversary proceeding *Despins v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023 (the \"Lamp Capital A.P.\"), Docket No. 13), which adversary proceeding seeks, among other things, a declaratory judgment that Leading Shine was the alter ego of the Debtor. The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the Lamp Capital A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023, Docket No. 1).\n\ncompanies were his alter-egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief.5\n\n15. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from other Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n## **C. Debtor's Conduct to Hinder, Delay and/or Defraud Creditors**\n\n16. In addition to the matters addressed in the Trustee's adversary proceedings, the Bankruptcy Court has found that the Debtor was the beneficial owner of Ace Decade Limited (and through it, Dawn State Limited) and that the Debtor controlled and employed Ace Decade Limited's nominee shareholder, Yvette Wang.6\n\n17. The Bankruptcy Court has also found that the \"G Entities\" (Gettr, G Fashion, G Music, GClubs, GNews and GEdu), the New Federal State of China and the Rule of Law Foundation, as well as other purportedly independent entities and organizations, were controlled\n\n5 These include the following adversary proceedings: (i) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]; (vi) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited [Adv. Proc. 23- 05018]; and (vii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. 23-05023].\n\n6 *Order Granting Motion to Hold Debtor in Contempt of Corporate Governance Order,* para.1, 4 (Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372 (\"Corp. Governance Contempt Order\").\n\nby the Debtor7 , led by the Debtor8 and/or served \"the purposes of… and as business vehicles of\" the Debtor.9\n\n18. Prior to the Petition Date, Judge Liman of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York found that Eastern Profit Corporation Limited, an entity originally owned by one of Debtor's chauffeurs before its transfer to Debtor's daughter, was \"in essence, a shell corporation\" for the Debtor.10\n\n19. The Debtor has gone to great lengths to hinder and delay the collection efforts of one of his largest creditors, *i.e.*, Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P. (\"PAX\"). In 2017, PAX sued the Debtor in the Supreme Court of the State of New York (the \"New York Court\"), Index No. 652077/2017 (the \"PAX Case\"), seeking judgment for monies owed. On February 3, 2021, PAX obtained a judgment from the New York Court against the Debtor in the sum of \\$116,402,019.57 (the \"PAX Judgment\"). PAX sought to enforce the PAX Judgment by levying the Debtor's assets—including the Lady May, which the Debtor falsely claimed was owned by his daughter, and the Debtor's luxury apartment in Manhattan, which the Debtor falsely claimed was held in trust for the Debtor's son. The Debtor's defiance of New York Court orders in postjudgment proceedings eventually resulted in the Debtor incurring contempt penalties of \\$134 million.\n\n7 *Corrected Memorandum of Decision Granting in Part Motion for Preliminary Injunction*, para. 3 (Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032, January 13, 2023 (\"The Debtor also controls Saraca Media Group and a related entity 'GTV'\").\n\n8 *Id*. at para. 7 (\"The Debtor is the leader of The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF and Himalaya.\").\n\n9 *Id*. (\"The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF, GSeries, and Himalaya serve the purposes of the Debtor, serve as business vehicles for the Debtor, and their members are personally loyal to the Debtor.\").\n\n10 *Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC*, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n20. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including Lamp Capital and Leading Shine, as personal piggy-banks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries on their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos perpetuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme.\n\n21. The Debtor has testified before the Bankruptcy Court that he has insufficient assets to pay his liabilities and that his luxurious lifestyle is funded by his family through businesses nominally held by family members. 11 The Debtor scheduled only \\$3,850 in assets.12\n\n22. In March 2023, the Debtor was arrested and remains confined pending his on federal criminal charges of, among other things, wire fraud, securities fraud, and money laundering.\n\n23. In its criminal indictment of the Debtor, the United States Government asserts that the Debtor and his co-defendants \"utilized more than approximately 500 accounts held in the names of *at least 80 different entities or individuals* to launder more than \\$1 billion in fraud proceeds.\"13\n\n24. The property of the Debtor's alter egos, including Lamp Capital and Leading Shine, was at all times prior to the Petition Date property of the Debtor.\n\n11 Hearing on Debtor's Motion for Entry of Interim and Final DIP Orders (I) Authorizing the Debtor to Obtain Unsecured, Subordinated Postpetition Financing and (II) Scheduling Interim and Final Hearings, and (III) Granting Related Relief (Main Case, April 27, 2022)\n\n12 *See* n.3\n\n13 *See* Memorandum of Law of the United States of America in Opposition to Defendant Yanping Wang's Motion for Pretrial Release at 29, attached as Exhibit B in the Reply of Chapter 11 Trustee to G Club Operations LLC's Supplemental Objection to Trustee's Motion to Compel and Request for Related Relief (June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934).\n\n25. At all times relevant herein, the Debtor conducted business in New York, New York, including direction of the Transfers (as defined herein).\n\n## **D. Transfers Made with Intent to Hinder, Delay, or Defraud Creditors**\n\n26. The Transfers at issue in this Complaint were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors inasmuch as they were all made through the Debtor's alterego shell companies operated as a part of the Debtor's shell game.\n\n27. The Debtor intentionally orchestrated his financial affairs in this manner in order to conceal and dissipate millions of dollars in assets while falsely pleading poverty to his many creditors. The Debtor claimed to be destitute while simultaneously spending heavily to maintain a billionaire lifestyle for himself and for his family members and close associates.\n\n28. The assets concealed and dissipated by the Debtor included funds that he obtained from the victims of his cryptocurrency, securities, and other fraud schemes. As a result of this conduct, the Debtor faces multiple felony fraud, money laundering, and racketeering charges in a criminal case pending in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. *See United States v. Ho Wan Kwok*, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.).\n\n29. The Debtor knew and intended that by concealing and dissipating his assets in this manner there would not be sufficient assets remaining to repay his creditors—including the many victims of his frauds. These transfers were thus necessarily made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n## **E. Transfers to the Defendant**\n\n30. Prior to the Petition Date, the Debtor, through shell companies including Lamp Capital and Leading Shine, or otherwise, transferred the Debtor's property to the Defendant (collectively, the \"Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n31. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of the Debtor's estate.\n\n32. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfers.\n\n## **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers Pursuant to Bankruptcy Code §§ 548(a)(1)(A) and 550(a))**\n\n33. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-32 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n34. The Transfers were made by the Debtor through his alter egos, Lamp Capital and Leading Shine, with the actual intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n35. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, or and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the Transfers is shown by, among other things:\n\na. The Transfers were effectuated using an alter-ego shell company;\n\nb. The Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX\n\nin the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n36. The Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to Section 548(a)(i)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code and are recoverable pursuant to Section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n## **SECOND CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 274, and 276, and Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) and 550(a))**\n\n37. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-32 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n38. The Transfers were made by the Debtor, through his alter ego companies, Lamp Capital and Leading Shine, with the actual intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n39. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the\n\nTransfers is shown by, among other things:\n\n- a. The Transfers were effectuated using an alter-ego shell company;\n- b. The Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n40. The Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276, and section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n## **THIRD CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Constructive Fraudulent Transfer Pursuant to Bankruptcy Code §§ 548(a)(1)(B) and 550(a))**\n\n41. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-32 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n42. The Debtor received less than a reasonably equivalent value in exchange for the Transfers.\n\n43. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or became insolvent as a result of the Transfers.\n\n44. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was engaged in a business or transaction, or was about to engage in a business or transaction, for which any property remaining with the Debtor was an unreasonably small amount of capital.\n\n45. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor intended to incur or believed he would incur, debts that would be beyond his ability to pay as such debts matured.\n\n46. The Transfers constitute fraudulent transfers and are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to section 548(a)(1)(B) of the Bankruptcy Code and are recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n## **FOURTH CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Constructive Fraudulent Transfers Pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2), 274 and 276 and Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) and 550(a))**\n\n47. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1- 32 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n48. The Debtor did not receive reasonably equivalent value in exchange for the Transfers.\n\n49. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or the Debtor became insolvent as a result of the Transfers.\n\n50. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was engaged in a business or transaction, or was about to engage in a business or transaction which any property remaining with the Debtor was an unreasonably small amount of capital.\n\n51. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor intended to incur, or believed or reasonably should have believed that he would incur, debts that would be beyond his ability to pay as such debt matured.\n\n52. The Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2), 274 and 276 and section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and are recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n*[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]*\n\n## **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. On the First Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$3,723,302.12 are avoided pursuant to Section 548(a)(1)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code; (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to Section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. On the Second Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$3,723,302.12 are avoided pursuant to section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276 and, with respect to transfers prior to April 4, 2020, N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 273a, 275, 276 and 278; (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law section 276 and section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n3. On the Third Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$3,723,302.12 are avoided pursuant to section 548(a)(1)(B) of the Bankruptcy Code; (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n4. On the Fourth Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$3,723,302.12 are avoided pursuant to section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and N.Y. Debt.\n\n& Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2), 274 and 276 and, with respect to transfers prior to April 4, 2020, N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 273a, 275, 276 and 278; (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law section 276 and section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n5. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n6. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n## [*Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank*]\n\nDated: February 12, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: /s/Douglas Skalka *\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_* Douglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 dskalka@npmlaw.com plinsey@npmlaw.com *Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\n# **SCHEDULE A**\n\n## **FILED UNDER SEAL**","body_zh":"B1040（FORM 1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗诉讼封面页\n（背面载有说明） 对抗诉讼编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n原告 被告\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），Chapter 11 Trustee（第11章受托人） Rising Sun Capital Ltd.（旭日资本有限公司）\n律师（律师事务所名称、地址及电话号码） 律师\n（如已知）\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡），Patrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）\nNeubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.（诺伊伯特、佩佩及蒙泰思律师事务所）\n195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510\n(203)781-2847\n当事人（仅勾选一个方框） 当事人（仅勾选一个方框）\n□ 债务人\n□ U.S.\nTrustee/Bankruptcy Admin（美国受托人/破产管理人） □ 债务人 □ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy\nAdmin（美国受托人/破产管理人）\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他 □ 债权人 □ 其他\nx\n□ 受托人 □ 受托人\n诉因 （简要说明诉因，包括所涉全部美国法典条款）\nChapter 11 Trustee（第11章受托人）依据 Bankruptcy Code（破产法典）第544、548及550条以及 New York Debtor and Creditor Law（纽约州债务人与债权人法）第273、274及276条，请求撤销并追回欺诈性转让及获得相关救济的起诉书\n\n诉讼性质\n（自主要诉因作为1开始，首项备选诉因作为2，第二项备选诉因作为3，依此类推，最多填写五（5）个方框）\nFRBP 7001(1) – 金钱/财产追回 FRBP 7001(6) – 债务可否免责（续）\n□\n11-金钱/财产追回 - §542 财产返还 □\n61-债务可否免责 - §523(a)(5)，家庭扶养\n□\n12-金钱/财产追回 - §547 优先受偿\n□ □\n68-债务可否免责 - §523(a)(6)，故意及恶意损害\n□\n13-金钱/财产追回 - §548 欺诈性转让\n□ 63-债务可否免责 - §523(a)(8)，学生贷款\n□\n14-金钱/财产追回 - 其他 64-债务可否免责 - §523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\nFRBP 7001(2) – 留置权的效力、优先顺位或范围\n□\n21-留置权或其他财产权益的效力、优先顺位或范围 （家庭扶养以外）\n□\n65-债务可否免责 - 其他\nFRBP 7001(7) – 禁令救济\nFRBP 7001(3) – 批准出售财产\n□ □\n71-禁令救济 – 实施停止令\n31-批准出售破产财产及共同所有人财产 - §363(h) □ 72-禁令救济 – 其他\nFRBP 7001(4) – 异议/撤销免责 FRBP 7001(8) 债权或权益从属\n□\n41-对免责提出异议/撤销免责 - §727(c),(d),(e) □ 81-债权或权益从属\nFRBP 7001(5) – 撤销确认 FRBP 7001(9) 确认判决\n□\n51-撤销确认 □ 91-确认判决\nFRBP 7001(6) – 债务可否免责 FRBP 7001(10) 对移送诉讼的裁定\n□\n66-债务可否免责 - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税务债权 □ 01-对移送债权或诉因的裁定\n□\n62-债务可否免责 - §523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述、\n实际欺诈\n□ 其他\n□\n67-债务可否免责 - §523(a)(4)，受托人欺诈、侵占、盗窃 □ SS-SIPA案件 – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\n（续见下一栏） 02-其他（例如，与破产案件无关时本应在州法院提起的其他诉讼）\n□ 如本案涉及实质性州法问题，请勾选 □ 如主张本案为根据 FRCP 23 提起的集体诉讼，请勾选\n□ 如起诉书中要求陪审团审判，请勾选 请求金额 \\$\n请求的其他救济\n\nB1040（FORM 1040）（12/15）\n\n本对抗诉讼所由产生的破产案件\n\n债务人姓名 破产案件编号\nHo Wan Kwok（郭文贵） 22-50073 (JAM)\n案件审理地区 分部办事处 法官姓名\nConnecticut（康涅狄格州） Bridgeport（布里奇波特） Julie A. Manning（朱莉·A·曼宁）\n相关对抗诉讼（如有）\n原告 被告 对抗\n诉讼编号\n\n对抗诉讼审理地区 分部办事处 法官姓名\n\n律师（或原告）签名\n/s/ Douglas S. Skalka\n\n日期 律师（或原告）姓名正楷\nFebruary 12, 2024 Douglas S. Skalka\n\n说明\n\n提交破产案件即产生由破产法院管辖的“破产财产”，其包括债务人的全部财产，无论该等财产位于何处。由于破产财产范围广泛且法院管辖权广泛，可能会发生涉及破产财产或其财产权利的诉讼。也可能发生涉及债务人免责的诉讼。如该等诉讼在破产法院提起，则称为对抗诉讼。\n\n提起对抗诉讼的一方还必须填写并提交 Form 1040（表格1040），即《对抗诉讼封面页》，但该方通过法院的案件管理/电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提起对抗诉讼的除外。（CM/ECF在提交程序中获取表格1040上的信息。）填妥后，封面页概述对抗诉讼的基本信息。法院书记员需要该等信息以处理对抗诉讼并编制所需的法院活动统计报告。\n\n封面页及其所载信息不替代或补充法律、《破产程序规则》或法院地方法规所要求的诉状或其他文件的提交和送达。该封面页大部分内容不言自明，必须由原告律师填写（或者，如原告未由律师代理，则由原告填写）。每份已提交的起诉书均须向书记员单独提交一份封面页。\n\n原告和被告。请准确列明起诉书中所载的原告和被告姓名。\n\n律师。如已知，请列明律师的姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。请在第一栏中为原告勾选最适当的方框，并在第二栏中为被告勾选最适当的方框。\n\n请求金额。填写起诉书中请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面页必须由登记在案的律师在表格第二页的方框内签署。如原告由律师事务所代理，该律师事务所的一名成员必须签署。如原告自行诉讼，即未由律师代理，则必须由原告签署。\nUNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION（美国康涅狄格联邦破产法院布里奇波特分部）\n\n----------------------------------------------------------- x\n\n关于： ：\n： 第11章\n\nHO WAN KWOK（郭文贵），\n等人， ：\n： 案件编号 22-50073 (JAM)\n\n债务人。\n：\n： （合并管理）\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章\n受托人，\n诉 ：\n：\n：\n：\n原告，\n：\n：\n： x\n对抗诉讼编号 [ ]\nRISING SUN CAPITAL LTD.（旭日资本有限公司）， ：\n：\n：\n： February 12, 2024\n----------------------------------------------------------- 被告。\n： x\n第11章受托人依据破产法典第544、548及550条以及纽约州债务人与债权人法第273、274及276条，请求撤销并追回欺诈性转让及获得相关救济的起诉书\n\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）以获任命担任 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（“债务人”或“Kwok”）第11章案件（“第11章案件”）第11章受托人（“受托人”）的身份，提交本\n\n1 本第11章案件中的债务人为 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（亦称 Guo Wengui、Miles Guo 和 Miles Kwok，以及其他众多别名）（税务识别号末四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（税务识别号末四位：8202）及 Genever Holdings Corporation。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC及 Genever Holdings Corporation 的邮寄地址为 Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok（仅用于通知和通信目的）。\n\n对抗起诉书（“起诉书”），对被告 Rising Sun Capital Ltd.（“被告”）提起诉讼，陈述如下：\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人提起本对抗诉讼，以撤销并追回在本第11章案件开始前发生的债务人财产转让。\n\n2. 债务人通过其另我空壳公司 Leading Shine NY Ltd.（“Leading Shine”）和 Lamp Capital LLC（“Lamp Capital”），在申请日（定义见下文）之前向作为初始受让人的被告转让了金额为 \\$3,723,302.12 的资金。\n\n3. 该等转让构成实际欺诈性转让，因为债务人作为其“空壳游戏”的一部分实施该等转让，并且该等转让系意图阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人的债权人而作出。或者，该等转让构成推定欺诈性转让，因为其作出时债务人已无清偿能力，且债务人未获得合理等值对价。\n管辖权和审判地\n\n4. 本院依据 28 U.S.C. §1334(b) 对本对抗诉讼享有事项管辖权。\n\n5. 本对抗诉讼已依据 28 U.S.C. §157(a) 移交本院审理。\n\n6. 本文所请求救济的法定依据包括 United States Code（美国法典）Title 11（第11编）（“Bankruptcy Code（破产法典）”）第544、548及550条，以及 New York Debtor & Creditor Law（纽约州债务人与债权人法）第273、274及276条2，或任何其他适用的等同州法条款。\n\n2 对 New York Debtor and Creditor Law（纽约州债务人与债权人法）的所有法条引用，以下均称为“N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law”。New York Uniform Voidable Transactions Act（“NYUVT”）取代了 New York Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act（“NYUFC”），于 April 4, 2020 生效，并适用于在 April 4, 2020 当日或之后作出的转让或承担的义务。\n当事人\n\n7. 受托人系本第11章案件中的第11章受托人，依据破产法院于 July 8, 2022 作出的命令获任命［Case No. 22-50073（“主案件”）Docket No. 523］。\n\n8. 被告是一家根据 United Kingdom（英国）法律组建的私人有限公司，地址为 1053 Great West Road, Brentford, London, United Kingdom, TW8 9BW。\n事实\nA. 第11章案件\n\n9. 债务人于 February 15, 2022（“申请日”）在 United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut（美国康涅狄格联邦破产法院）依据 United States Code（美国法典）Title 11（第11编）（“Bankruptcy Code（破产法典）”）第11章提交自愿救济申请，从而启动上述标题所示的第11章案件（“第11章案件”）。\n\n10. 于 March 21, 2002，Office of the United States Trustee（美国受托人办公室）在本第11章案件中任命了无担保债权人正式委员会。未任命审查员。\n\n11. 债务人于 March 2022 向破产法院提交的破产财产清单声称，其拥有 \\$3,850 的资产，并承担数亿美元的负债。3 尽管债务人确实负债累累，但其财产清单未披露债务人通过其众多另我空壳公司持有和转让的财产，包括 Lamp Capital 和 Leading Shine。\n\n3 资产和负债清单，第1页（主案件，Docket No. 78）。\n\n12. 于 June 15, 2022，破产法院作出决定备忘录和命令［主案件 Docket No. 465］，指示美国受托人在第11章案件中任命第11章受托人。根据该命令，美国受托人选定 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）担任受托人。于 July 8, 2022，破产法院作出命令，批准任命 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）担任第11章案件的受托人［主案件 Docket No. 523］。\nB. 债务人对空壳公司的使用及受托人的对抗诉讼\n\n13. Lamp Capital 和 Leading Shine 是债务人用以阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的众多另我空壳公司中的两家。4 多年来，债务人精心策划了一场“空壳游戏”，利用由家庭成员和/或已知下属名义持有、但实际受债务人控制的复杂空壳公司网络。该空壳游戏使债务人能够使用、支出和/或转让数百万美元的现金及其他资产，同时向债权人隐瞒其财产。\n\n14. 自获任命以来，受托人已在第11章案件中提起多项对抗诉讼，以便除其他事项外，确定债务人的空壳\n\n4 法院已作出判决，认定 Lamp Capital LLC（蓝普资本有限责任公司）为债务人的另一自我。见 Despins v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.（对抗程序案号 23-5023（“Lamp Capital A.P.”），案卷编号 66）。受托人在此通过援引方式纳入受托人在 Lamp Capital A.P. 中提交的起诉状（对抗程序案号 23-5023，案卷编号 1）。\n\n在对抗程序 Despins v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.（对抗程序案号 23-5023（“Lamp Capital A.P.”），案卷编号 13）中，已对 Leading Shine（领耀公司）作出缺席判决；该对抗程序除其他事项外，请求确认 Leading Shine 是债务人的另一自我。受托人在此通过援引方式纳入受托人在 Lamp Capital A.P. 中提交的起诉状（对抗程序案号 23-5023，案卷编号 1）。\n\n系其另一自我及/或该等公司及其资产由债务人依衡平法享有所有权，并且破产法院在若干案件中已准予该等救济。5\n\n15. 这些诉讼中的事实模式一贯包括：(i) 由债务人控制、由近亲属及/或下属持有的空壳公司，(ii) 使用来自其他由债务人控制实体的现金购买，及/或无对价转让给或在空壳实体之间转让的资产，以及 (iii) 债务人从该等资产中获益，并对其拥有控制权和支配权。\n\nC. 债务人妨碍、拖延及/或欺诈债权人的行为\n\n16. 除受托人对抗程序中所处理的事项外，破产法院已认定，债务人系 Ace Decade Limited（艾斯十年有限公司）（并通过该公司系 Dawn State Limited（道恩州有限公司））的受益所有人，且债务人控制并利用了 Ace Decade Limited 的名义股东 Yvette Wang（王燕飞）。6\n\n17. 破产法院还认定，“G Entities”（Gettr、G Fashion、G Music、GClubs、GNews 和 GEdu）、New Federal State of China（中国新联邦国）和 Rule of Law Foundation（法治基金会），以及其他声称独立的实体和组织，均受债务人控制\n\n5 该等对抗程序包括：(i) Luc A. Despins（吕克·A.·德斯潘），Chapter 11 Trustee（第11章受托人）v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC（香港国际基金投资（美国）有限责任公司）, et al. [对抗程序案号 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC（格林尼治土地有限责任公司）, et al. [对抗程序案号 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo（梅国）[对抗程序案号 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc.（HCHK科技公司）, et al. [对抗程序案号 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC（金牛基金有限责任公司）, et al. [对抗程序案号 23-05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited（黄金泉（纽约）有限公司）[对抗程序案号 23-05018]；以及 (vii) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al. [对抗程序案号 23-05023]。\n\n6 准许关于认定债务人违反公司治理命令之藐视法庭动议的命令，第1、4段（Jan. 24, 2023，案卷编号 1372（“Corp. Governance Contempt Order”）。\n\n由债务人领导7，由债务人领导8，及/或服务于债务人的“目的……并作为其商业工具”。9\n\n18. 在申请日之前，United States District Court for the Southern District of New York（美国纽约南区联邦地区法院）的 Liman 法官认定，Eastern Profit Corporation Limited（东方利润有限公司）——该实体最初由债务人的一名司机所有，后转让给债务人的女儿——实质上是债务人的“一家空壳公司”。10\n\n19. 债务人为妨碍和拖延其最大债权人之一，即 Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P.（太平洋联盟亚洲机会基金，有限合伙企业）（“PAX”）的追偿工作，费尽心机。2017年，PAX 在 Supreme Court of the State of New York（纽约州最高法院）（“New York Court”）以案号 652077/2017（“PAX Case”）起诉债务人，请求就所欠款项作出判决。2021年2月3日，PAX 从纽约法院取得针对债务人的 \\$116,402,019.57 判决（“PAX Judgment”）。PAX 试图通过扣押债务人的资产来执行 PAX 判决——包括 Lady May，该游艇被债务人虚假声称由其女儿所有；以及债务人在曼哈顿的豪华公寓，该公寓被债务人虚假声称为其儿子以信托方式持有。债务人在判决后程序中违抗纽约法院命令，最终导致其被处以 \\$134 million 的藐视法庭罚款。\n\n7 部分准许初步禁令动议的更正决定备忘录，第3段（对抗程序案号 22-05032，January 13, 2023（“债务人还控制 Saraca Media Group（萨拉卡媒体集团）及相关实体‘GTV’”）。\n\n8 同上，第7段（“债务人是 The Whistleblower Movement（爆料革命）、NFSC、ROLF 和 Himalaya（喜马拉雅）的领导人。”）。\n\n9 同上。（“The Whistleblower Movement、NFSC、ROLF、GSeries 和 Himalaya 服务于债务人的目的，作为债务人的商业工具，其成员在个人层面对债务人忠诚。”）。\n\n10 Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC（战略愿景美国有限责任公司）, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021)。\n\n20. 债务人还将其另一自我，包括 Lamp Capital 和 Leading Shine，当作私人小金库，在该等另一自我中向其本人及其家人已习惯的奢靡生活提供资金，同时向其债权人隐匿资产，并妨碍和拖延债权人就其债权获得清偿。债务人通过该等另一自我实施的转让延续了债务人的欺诈计划。\n\n21. 债务人在破产法院作证称，其资产不足以清偿其债务，且其奢华生活方式由其家人通过名义上由家庭成员持有的企业提供资金。11 债务人仅申报 \\$3,850 的资产。12\n\n22. 2023年3月，债务人被逮捕，并因包括电信欺诈、证券欺诈和洗钱在内的联邦刑事指控而仍被羁押候审。\n\n23. 美国政府在对债务人的刑事起诉书中主张，债务人及其共同被告“利用以至少80个不同实体或个人名义持有的约500多个账户，对超过 \\$1 billion 的欺诈所得进行洗钱。”13\n\n24. 债务人的另一自我财产，包括 Lamp Capital 和 Leading Shine，在申请日前的任何时候均为债务人的财产。\n\n11 关于债务人申请作出临时及最终 DIP 命令的听证会：(I) 授权债务人取得无担保、次级的申请日后融资，及 (II) 安排临时和最终听证会，及 (III) 准予相关救济（主案，April 27, 2022）\n\n12 见注3\n\n13 见美利坚合众国反对被告 Yanping Wang（王燕平）审前释放动议的法律备忘录，第29页，该备忘录作为附件B附于第11章受托人对 G Club Operations LLC（G俱乐部运营有限责任公司）就受托人强制执行动议及相关救济请求提出的补充异议所作答复（June 23, 2023，主案件卷编号 1934）。\n\n25. 在与本案有关的所有期间，债务人在纽约州纽约市开展业务，包括指示转让（定义见下文）。\n\nD. 以妨碍、拖延或欺诈债权人为目的作出的转让\n\n26. 本起诉状所涉转让，均系通过作为债务人空壳游戏一部分运营的债务人另一自我空壳公司作出，故其作出目的在于妨碍、拖延及/或欺诈债务人的债权人。\n\n27. 债务人故意以该种方式安排其财务事务，以便隐匿和耗散数百万美元资产，同时向其众多债权人虚假声称其贫困。债务人一面声称自己一贫如洗，一面为其本人、家庭成员和密切关联人士维持亿万富翁生活方式而大肆花费。\n\n28. 债务人所隐匿和耗散的资产，包括其从加密货币、证券及其他欺诈计划的受害人处获得的资金。由于该等行为，债务人在 United States District Court for the Southern District of New York（美国纽约南区联邦地区法院）待决的一宗刑事案件中，面临多项重罪欺诈、洗钱和敲诈勒索指控。见 United States v. Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.)。\n\n29. 债务人明知并意图通过以该种方式隐匿和耗散其资产，致使不会剩余足够资产偿还其债权人——包括其欺诈行为的众多受害人。因此，该等转让必然系以妨碍、拖延及/或欺诈债务人债权人为目的作出。\n\nE. 向被告作出的转让\n\n30. 在申请日之前，债务人通过包括 Lamp Capital 和 Leading Shine 在内的空壳公司，或以其他方式，将债务人的财产转让给被告（统称“Transfers”），包括但不限于如下：\n\n见随附并构成本文件一部分的附表A。\n\n31. 在作出转让时，债务人对债务人财产的债权人负有未清偿义务。\n\n32. 被告是该等转让的初始受让人。\n\n第一项请求\n（根据 Bankruptcy Code §§ 548(a)(1)(A) 和 550(a) 撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让的请求）\n\n33. 受托人重述并再次主张第1至32段所载指控，如同在此完整列明。\n\n34. 债务人通过其另一自我 Lamp Capital 和 Leading Shine，以实际意图妨碍、拖延及/或欺诈其债权人，作出了该等转让。\n\n35. 债务人在实施该等转让时妨碍、拖延或及/或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，以下事实可证明：\n\na. 该等转让使用一家另一自我空壳公司实施；\n\nb. 该等转让对债务人的债权人予以隐瞒；\n\nc. 该等转让作为债务人的“空壳游戏”的一部分实施，债务人在其控制的家庭成员及其他亲信和下属协助下，试图隐匿和保护资产；\n\nd. 该等转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈中获益而不使其财产落入债权人的追索范围，进一步实施了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 该等转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈中获利而不使其财产落入债权人的追索范围，进一步实施了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在作出该等转让时，债务人正面临诉讼，包括 PAX 在 PAX Case 中对其提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在作出该等转让时，债务人无清偿能力或资本不足。\n\n36. 该等转让可由受托人根据 Bankruptcy Code Section 548(a)(i)(A) 撤销，并可根据 Bankruptcy Code Section 550(a) 追回。\n\n第二项请求\n（根据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273、274 和 276，以及 Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) 和 550(a)，撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让的请求）\n\n37. 受托人重述并再次主张第1至32段所载指控，如同在此完整列明。\n\n38. 债务人通过其另一自我公司 Lamp Capital 和 Leading Shine，以实际意图妨碍、拖延及/或欺诈其债权人，作出了该等转让。\n\n39. 债务人在实施该等转让时妨碍、拖延及/或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，以下事实可证明：\n\na. 该等转让使用一家另一自我空壳公司实施；\n\nb. 该等转让对债务人的债权人予以隐瞒；\n\nc. 该等转让作为债务人的“空壳游戏”的一部分实施，债务人在其控制的家庭成员及其他亲信和下属协助下，试图隐匿和保护资产；\n\nd. 该等转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈中获益而不使其财产落入债权人的追索范围，进一步实施了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 该等转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈中获利而不使其财产落入债权人的追索范围，进一步实施了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在作出该等转让时，债务人正面临诉讼，包括 PAX 在 PAX Case 中对其提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在该等转让发生时，债务人资不抵债或资本不足。\n\n40. 根据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276 以及 Bankruptcy Code section 544(b)，该等转让可由受托人撤销；并可根据 Bankruptcy Code section 550(a) 予以追偿。\n\n第三项请求\n（根据 Bankruptcy Code §§ 548(a)(1)(B) 和 550(a) 请求撤销并追偿推定欺诈性转让）\n\n41. 受托人重申并再次主张第 1 至 32 段所载指控，如同在此完整列明。\n\n42. 债务人就该等转让所获得的对价低于合理等值。\n\n43. 在该等转让发生时，债务人资不抵债，或因该等转让而变得资不抵债。\n\n44. 在该等转让发生时，债务人正在从事或即将从事某项业务或交易，而债务人留存的任何财产对于该业务或交易而言构成不合理地过少的资本。\n\n45. 在该等转让发生时，债务人意图承担，或相信其将承担，到期时将超出其偿还能力的债务。\n\n46. 该等转让构成欺诈性转让，可由受托人根据 Bankruptcy Code section 548(a)(1)(B) 撤销，并可根据 Bankruptcy Code section 550(a) 予以追偿。\n\n第四项请求\n（根据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2), 274 and 276 以及 Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) 和 550(a) 请求撤销并追偿推定欺诈性转让）\n\n47. 受托人重申并再次主张第 1 至 32 段所载指控，如同在此完整列明。\n\n48. 债务人就该等转让未获得合理等值对价。\n\n49. 在该等转让发生时，债务人资不抵债，或债务人因该等转让而变得资不抵债。\n\n50. 在该等转让发生时，债务人正在从事或即将从事某项业务或交易，而债务人留存的任何财产对于该业务或交易而言构成不合理地过少的资本。\n\n51. 在该等转让发生时，债务人意图承担，或相信或理应相信其将承担，到期时将超出其偿还能力的债务。\n\n52. 根据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2), 274 and 276 以及 Bankruptcy Code section 544(b)，该等转让可由受托人撤销；并可根据 Bankruptcy Code section 550(a) 予以追偿。\n\n［本页其余部分特意留白］\n\n救济请求\n\n因此，基于上述理由，受托人谨请求作出如下判决：\n\n1. 就第一项请求，(a) 作出命令，宣告金额不低于 $3,723,302.12 的该等转让根据 Bankruptcy Code Section 548(a)(1)(A) 被撤销；(b) 作出命令，指示撤销该等转让；以及 (c) 根据 Bankruptcy Code Section 550(a)(1)，为债务人财产利益，由被告向受托人追偿该等转让，或由受托人选择追偿其价值；\n\n2. 就第二项请求，(a) 作出命令，宣告金额不低于 $3,723,302.12 的该等转让根据 Bankruptcy Code section 544(b) 以及 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276 被撤销；并且，就发生于 April 4, 2020 之前的转让，依据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 273a, 275, 276 and 278 被撤销；(b) 作出命令，指示撤销该等转让；以及 (c) 根据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law section 276 和 Bankruptcy Code section 550(a)(1)，为债务人财产利益，由被告向受托人追偿该等转让，或由受托人选择追偿其价值；\n\n3. 就第三项请求，(a) 作出命令，宣告金额不低于 $3,723,302.12 的该等转让根据 Bankruptcy Code section 548(a)(1)(B) 被撤销；(b) 作出命令，指示撤销该等转让；以及 (c) 根据 Bankruptcy Code section 550(a)(1)，为债务人财产利益，由被告向受托人追偿该等转让，或由受托人选择追偿其价值；\n\n4. 就第四项请求，(a) 作出命令，宣告金额不低于 $3,723,302.12 的该等转让根据 Bankruptcy Code section 544(b) 以及 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2), 274 and 276 被撤销；并且，就发生于 April 4, 2020 之前的转让，依据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 273a, 275, 276 and 278 被撤销；(b) 作出命令，指示撤销该等转让；以及 (c) 根据 N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law section 276 和 Bankruptcy Code section 550(a)(1)，为债务人财产利益，由被告向受托人追偿该等转让，或由受托人选择追偿其价值；\n\n5. 裁定自本起诉状提交之日起至本案判决之日止，按最高法定利率向受托人支付判决前利息；以及\n\n6. 法院在该等情形下认为公正、适当或衡平的其他及进一步救济。\n\n［本页其余部分特意留白］\n\n日期：February 12, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯）\n第 11 章受托人\n\n签署人：/s/Douglas Skalka（道格拉斯·斯卡尔卡）\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡）（ct00616）\nPatrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）（ct29437）\nNEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.（纽伯特、佩佩及蒙蒂斯专业公司）\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor\nNew Haven, Connecticut 06510\n(203) 781-2847\ndskalka@npmlaw.com\nplinsey@npmlaw.com\n第 11 章受托人代理律师\n\n附表 A\n\n密封提交","key_entities":["Despins","Kwok","Je","Ho Wan Kwok","Guo","Himalaya","Miles Guo","Yanping Wang","HCHK","GTV","Saraca","GETTR","Paul Hastings","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[{"doc_number":215,"court":"CTB"}],"word_count":5043,"status":"published","published_at":null,"created_at":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-23 20:01:14"}