{"id":"court_ctb_2815_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":2815,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":null,"title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | | |\n|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS | DEFENDANTS | | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.) | ATTORNEYS
(If Known) | | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only)
□ Debtor
□ U.S.
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin
□ Creditor
□ Other
□ Trustee | PARTY (Check One Box Only)
□ Debtor
□ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin
□ Creditor
□ Other
□ Trustee | | | |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION
(WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED)
NATURE OF SUIT | | | | |\n| (Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property
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11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property
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12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference
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13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
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14-Recovery of money/property - other
FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
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21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued)
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61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support
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68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury
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63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan
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64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation
(other than domestic support)
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65-Dischargeability - other | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property
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31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h) | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief
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71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay
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72-Injunctive relief – other | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge
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41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e) | FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest
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81-Subordination of claim or interest | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation
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51-Revocation of confirmation | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment
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91-Declaratory judgment | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability
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66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims
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62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation,
actual fraud
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67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny
(continued next column) | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action
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01-Determination of removed claim or cause
Other
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SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.
□
02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court
if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | | |\n| □ Check if this case involves a substantive issue of state law | □ Check if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23 | | | |\n| □ Check if a jury trial is demanded in complaint | Demand \\$ | | | |\n| Other Relief Sought | | | | |\n\n#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------|-----------------------------|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR | | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO. | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFF | DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY
PROCEEDING NO. | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | |\n| DATE | | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n# **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | x |\n|-------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| | :
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Chapter 11 |\n| 1 | :
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Case No. 22-50073 (JAM) |\n| Debtors. | :
:
(Jointly Administered)
: |\n| LUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11
Plaintiff, | x
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:
:
:
Adv. Proceeding No. [
]
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: |\n| | :
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February
13, 2024 |\n| | :
: |\n| Defendant. | :
:
x |\n| | -----------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------- |\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF FRAUDULENT TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 544, 548, AND 550 AND NEW YORK DEBTOR & CREDITOR LAW SECTIONS 273, 274, AND 276**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the\n\nchapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this\n\n1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\nadversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant G-Service LLC (the \"Defendant\"), stating as follows:\n\n## **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding to avoid and recover transfers of the Debtor's property prior to the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case.\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter-ego shell company, G Club Operations LLC (\"GClub\"), transferred funds in the amount of \\$150,000.00 prior to the Petition Date (as defined herein) to the Defendant as initial transferee.\n\n3. These transfers were actually fraudulent, because the Debtor effectuated them as part of his \"shell game,\" and they were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors. Alternatively, these transfers were constructively fraudulent, because they were made when the Debtor was insolvent, and the Debtor did not receive reasonably equivalent value in consideration thereof.\n\n#### **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §1334(b).\n\n5. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §157(a).\n\n6. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include sections 544, 548 and 550 of Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\") and New York Debtor & Creditor Law sections 273, 274, and 276 [2](#page-3-0) or any other applicable state law equivalents.\n\n2 All statutory references to New York Debtor and Creditor Law will hereinafter be referred to as \"N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law\". The New York Uniform Voidable Transactions Act (\"NYUVT\") replaced the New York Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act (\"NYUFC\") and became effective on April 4, 2020 and applies to transfers made or\n\n### **THE PARTIES**\n\n7. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n8. The Defendant is an Arizona limited liability company with an address of 5123 N. 43 Place, Phoenix, Arizona 85018.\n\n### **FACTS**\n\n#### **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n9. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\") on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Court\" or \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the above-captioned chapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\").\n\n10. On March 21, 2002, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n11. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities[.](#page-4-0)3 While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and transferred through his many alter-ego shell companies, including GClub.\n\nobligations incurred on or after April 4, 2020. With respect to transfers prior to April 4, 2020, the Trustee seeks relief in this action under the NYUFC and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law section 273, 273a, 275, 276, and 278.\n\n3 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 (Main Case, Docket No. 78).\n\n12. On June 15, 2022, the Bankruptcy Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the Trustee. On July 8, 2022, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n#### **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n13. GClub is among the numerous alter-ego shell companies used by the Debtor to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors. [4](#page-5-0) For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members and/or known subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use and spend and/or transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets while concealing his property from creditors.\n\n14. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell companies were his alter-egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several such adversary proceedings the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief.[5](#page-5-1)\n\n4 The Trustee has or will imminently commence an adversary proceeding against GClub, which adversary proceeding seeks, among other things, a declaratory judgment that GClub was the alter ego of the Debtor. The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in such adversary proceeding.\n\n5 These include the following adversary proceedings: (i) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-\n\n15. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from other Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n#### **C. Debtor's Conduct to Hinder, Delay and/or Defraud Creditors**\n\n16. In addition to the matters addressed in the Trustee's adversary proceedings, the Bankruptcy Court has found that the Debtor was the beneficial owner of Ace Decade Limited (and through it, Dawn State Limited) and that the Debtor controlled and employed Ace Decade Limited's nominee shareholder, Yvette Wang.[6](#page-6-0)\n\n17. The Bankruptcy Court has also found that the \"G Entities\" (Gettr, G Fashion, G Music, GClubs, GNews and GEdu), the New Federal State of China and the Rule of Law Foundation, as well as other purportedly independent entities and organizations, were controlled by the Debtor[7](#page-6-1) , led by the Debtor[8](#page-6-2) and/or served \"the purposes of… and as business vehicles of\" the Debtor.[9](#page-6-3)\n\n18. Prior to the Petition Date, Judge Liman of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York found that Eastern Profit Corporation Limited, an entity originally\n\n05017]; (vi) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited* [Adv. Proc. 23-05018]; and (vii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. 23-05023].\n\n6 *Order Granting Motion to Hold Debtor in Contempt of Corporate Governance Order,* para.1, 4 (Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372 (\"Corp. Governance Contempt Order\").\n\n7 *Corrected Memorandum of Decision Granting in Part Motion for Preliminary Injunction*, para. 3 (Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032, January 13, 2023 (\"The Debtor also controls Saraca Media Group and a related entity 'GTV'\").\n\n8 *Id*. at para. 7 (\"The Debtor is the leader of The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF and Himalaya.\").\n\n9 *Id*. (\"The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF, GSeries, and Himalaya serve the purposes of the Debtor, serve as business vehicles for the Debtor, and their members are personally loyal to the Debtor.\").\n\nowned by one of Debtor's chauffeurs before its transfer to Debtor's daughter, was \"in essence, a shell corporation\" for the Debtor.[10](#page-7-0)\n\n19. The Debtor has gone to great lengths to hinder and delay the collection efforts of one of his largest creditors, *i.e.*, Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P. (\"PAX\"). In 2017, PAX sued the Debtor in the Supreme Court of the State of New York (the \"New York Court\"), Index No. 652077/2017 (the \"PAX Case\"), seeking judgment for monies owed. On February 3, 2021, PAX obtained a judgment from the New York Court against the Debtor in the sum of \\$116,402,019.57 (the \"PAX Judgment\"). PAX sought to enforce the PAX Judgment by levying the Debtor's assets—including the Lady May, which the Debtor falsely claimed was owned by his daughter, and the Debtor's luxury apartment in Manhattan, which the Debtor falsely claimed was held in trust for the Debtor's son. The Debtor's defiance of New York Court orders in postjudgment proceedings eventually resulted in the Debtor incurring contempt penalties of \\$134 million.\n\n20. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including GClub, as personal piggy-banks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries on their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos perpetuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme.\n\n10 *Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC*, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n21. The Debtor has testified before the Bankruptcy Court that he has insufficient assets to pay his liabilities and that his luxurious lifestyle is funded by his family through businesses nominally held by family members. [11](#page-8-0) The Debtor scheduled only \\$3,850 in assets.[12](#page-8-1)\n\n22. In March 2023, the Debtor was arrested and remains confined pending his trial on federal criminal charges of, among other things, wire fraud, securities fraud, and money laundering.\n\n23. In its criminal indictment of the Debtor, the United States Government asserts that the Debtor and his co-defendants \"utilized more than approximately 500 accounts held in the names of *at least 80 different entities or individuals* to launder more than \\$1 billion in fraud proceeds.\"[13](#page-8-2)\n\n24. The property of the Debtor's alter egos, including GClub, was at all times prior to the Petition Date property of the Debtor.\n\n25. At all times relevant herein, the Debtor conducted business in New York, New York, including direction of the Transfer (as defined herein).\n\n#### **D. Transfers Made with Intent to Hinder, Delay, or Defraud Creditors**\n\n26. The Transfer at issue in this Complaint were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors inasmuch as they were all made through the Debtor's alterego shell companies operated as a part of the Debtor's shell game.\n\n11 Hearing on Debtor's Motion for Entry of Interim and Final DIP Orders (I) Authorizing the Debtor to Obtain Unsecured, Subordinated Postpetition Financing and (II) Scheduling Interim and Final Hearings, and (III) Granting Related Relief (Main Case, April 27, 2022).\n\n12 *See* n.3.\n\n13 See Memorandum of Law of the United States of America in Opposition to Defendant Yanping Wang's Motion for Pretrial Release at 29, attached as Exhibit B in the Reply of Chapter 11 Trustee to G Club Operations LLC's Supplemental Objection to Trustee's Motion to Compel and Request for Related Relief (June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934).\n\n27. The Debtor intentionally orchestrated his financial affairs in this manner in order to conceal and dissipate millions of dollars in assets while falsely pleading poverty to his many creditors. The Debtor claimed to be destitute while simultaneously spending heavily to maintain a billionaire lifestyle for himself and for his family members and close associates.\n\n28. The assets concealed and dissipated by the Debtor included funds that he obtained from the victims of his cryptocurrency, securities, and other fraud schemes. As a result of this conduct, the Debtor faces multiple felony fraud, money laundering, and racketeering charges in a criminal case pending in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. *See United States v. Ho Wan Kwok*, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.).\n\n29. The Debtor knew and intended that by concealing and dissipating his assets in this manner there would not be sufficient assets remaining to repay his creditors—including the many victims of his frauds. These transfers were thus necessarily made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n#### **E. Transfer to the Defendant**\n\n30. Prior to the Petition Date, the Debtor, through shell companies including GClub, or otherwise, transferred the Debtor's property to the Defendant (collectively, the \"Transfer\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n31. At the time of the Transfer, the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of the Debtor's estate.\n\n32. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfer.\n\n### **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers Pursuant to Bankruptcy Code §§ 548(a)(1)(A) and 550(a))**\n\n33. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-32 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n34. The Transfer was made by the Debtor through his alter ego, GClub, with the actual intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n- 35. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, or and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the Transfer is shown by, among other things:\n\t- a. The Transfer was effectuated using an alter-ego shell company;\n\t- b. The Transfer was concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\t- c. The Transfer was effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the\n\naid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfer furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Transfer furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Transfer, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Transfer, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n36. The Transfer is avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to Section 548(a)(1)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code and are recoverable pursuant to Section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **SECOND CLAIM**\n\n## **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 274, and 276, and Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) and 550(a))**\n\n37. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-32 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n38. The Transfer was made by the Debtor, through his alter ego company, GClub, with the actual intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n39. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the Transfer is shown by, among other things:\n\n- a. The Transfer was effectuated using an alter-ego shell company;\n- b. The Transfer was concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Transfer was effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfer furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Transfer furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Transfer, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Transfer, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n40. The Transfer is avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276, and section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n## **THIRD CLAIM**\n\n## **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Constructive Fraudulent Transfers Pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 548(a)(1)(B) and 550(a))**\n\n41. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-32 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n42. The Debtor received less than a reasonably equivalent value in exchange for the Transfer.\n\n43. At the time of the Transfer, the Debtor was insolvent or became insolvent as a result of the Transfers.\n\n44. At the time of the Transfer, the Debtor was engaged in a business or transaction, or was about to engage in a business or transaction, for which any property remaining with the Debtor was an unreasonably small amount of capital.\n\n45. At the time of the Transfer, the Debtor intended to incur or believed he would incur, debts that would be beyond his ability to pay as such debts matured.\n\n46. The Transfer constitutes a fraudulent transfer and is avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to section 548(a)(1)(B) of the Bankruptcy Code and are recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n11\n\n### **FOURTH CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Constructive Fraudulent Transfers Pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2), 274 and 276 and Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) and 550(a))**\n\n47. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-32 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n48. The Debtor did not receive reasonably equivalent value in exchange for the Transfer.\n\n49. At the time of the Transfer, the Debtor was insolvent or the Debtor became insolvent as a result of the Transfers.\n\n50. At the time of the Transfer, the Debtor was engaged in a business or transaction, or was about to engage in a business or transaction which any property remaining with the Debtor was an unreasonably small amount of capital.\n\n51. At the time of the Transfer, the Debtor intended to incur, or believed or reasonably should have believed that he would incur, debts that would be beyond his ability to pay as such debt matured.\n\n52. The Transfer is avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2), 274 and 276 and section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and are recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n*[THE REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK.]*\n\n#### **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. On the First Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfer in an amount not less than \\$150,000.00 are avoided pursuant to Section 548(a)(1)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code; (b) an order directing that the Transfer be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfer or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to Section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. On the Second Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfer in an amount not less than \\$150,000.00 are avoided pursuant to section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2), 274 and 276; (b) an order directing that the Transfer be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfer, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law section 276 and section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n3. On the Third Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfer in an amount not less than \\$150,000.00 are avoided pursuant to section 548(a)(1)(B) of the Bankruptcy Code; (b) an order directing that the Transfer be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfer, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n4. On the Fourth Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfer in an amount not less than \\$150,000.00 are avoided pursuant to section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2), 274 and 276; (b) an order directing that the Transfer be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfer, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant\n\nfor the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law section 276 and section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n5. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n6. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n[*Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank*]\n\nDated: February 13, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: /s/ Douglas Skalka*\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_* Douglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 [dskalka@npmlaw.com](mailto:dskalka@npmlaw.com) [plinsey@npmlaw.com](mailto:plinsey@npmlaw.com) *Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\n# **SCHEDULE A**\n\n### **FILED UNDER SEAL**","body_zh":"B1040（表格 1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗程序封面页\n（背面附有说明） 对抗程序编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n原告 被告\n律师（律所名称、地址及电话号码） 律师\n（如已知）\n当事人（仅勾选一个方框）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国\n受托人/破产管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他\n□ 受托人 当事人（仅勾选一个方框）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国受托人/破产\n管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他\n□ 受托人\n诉讼原因\n（简要说明诉讼原因，包括所涉全部美国法令）\n诉讼性质\n（最多编号五（5）个方框，以主要诉讼原因为第1项、第一个备选诉讼原因为第2项、第二个备选诉讼原因为第3项，依此类推。）\nFRBP 7001(1) – 追索金钱/财产\n□\n11-追索金钱/财产 - §542 交付财产\n□\n12-追索金钱/财产 - §547 优先受偿\n□\n13-追索金钱/财产 - §548 欺诈性转让\n□\n14-追索金钱/财产 - 其他\nFRBP 7001(2) – 留置权的有效性、优先权或范围\n□\n21-留置权或财产其他权益的有效性、优先权或范围 FRBP 7001(6) – 可解除性（续）\n□\n61-可解除性 - §523(a)(5)，家庭扶养\n□\n68-可解除性 - §523(a)(6)，故意且恶意的损害\n□\n63-可解除性 - §523(a)(8)，学生贷款\n□\n64-可解除性 - §523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\n（家庭扶养除外）\n□\n65-可解除性 - 其他\nFRBP 7001(3) – 批准出售财产\n□\n31-批准出售破产财产及共同所有人财产 - §363(h) FRBP 7001(7) – 禁令救济\n□\n71-禁令救济 – 施加中止\n□\n72-禁令救济 – 其他\nFRBP 7001(4) – 对解除提出异议/撤销解除\n□\n41-对解除提出异议/撤销解除 - §727(c),(d),(e) FRBP 7001(8) 债权或权益的次级化\n□\n81-债权或权益的次级化\nFRBP 7001(5) – 撤销确认\n□\n51-撤销确认 FRBP 7001(9) 确认判决\n□\n91-确认判决\nFRBP 7001(6) – 可解除性\n□\n66-可解除性 - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税款债权\n□\n62-可解除性 - §523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述、\n实际欺诈\n□\n67-可解除性 - §523(a)(4)，受托人身份的欺诈、侵占、盗窃\n（续于下一栏） FRBP 7001(10) 对移送诉讼的裁定\n□\n01-对移送债权或诉讼原因的裁定\n其他\n□\nSS-SIPA 案件 – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\n□\n02-其他（例如，若与破产案件无关本应在州法院提起的其他诉讼）\n□ 如本案涉及州法实体问题，请勾选 □ 如本案主张为根据 FRCP 23 提起的集体诉讼，请勾选\n□ 如起诉状中请求陪审团审判，请勾选 请求金额 \\$\n所请求的其他救济\nB1040（表格 1040）（12/15）\n\n本对抗程序所由产生的破产案件\n\n债务人姓名 破产案件编号\n案件待决地区 分院办公室 法官姓名\n相关对抗程序（如有）\n原告 被告 对抗\n程序编号\n对抗程序待决地区 分院办公室 法官姓名\n律师（或原告）签名\n日期 律师（或原告）印刷体姓名\n说明\n\n提交破产案件会在破产法院的管辖下设立一个“财产集合”，其中包括债务人的全部财产，无论该等财产位于何处。由于破产财产范围如此广泛且法院管辖权如此宽泛，可能就该财产集合的财产或财产权发生诉讼。还可能发生有关债务人解除债务的诉讼。如该等诉讼在破产法院提起，则称为对抗程序。\n\n提交对抗程序的一方还必须填妥并提交表格1040，即《对抗程序封面页》，除非该方通过法院的案件管理/电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提交对抗程序。（CM/ECF 将表格1040中的信息作为提交程序的一部分予以采集。）填妥后，封面页概述对抗程序的基本信息。法院书记员需要该等信息以处理对抗程序并编制所需的法院活动统计报告。\n\n封面页及其所载信息并不替代或补充法律、《破产规则》或法院地方法规则所要求的诉状或其他文件的提交和送达。该封面页在很大程度上不言自明，必须由原告律师填妥（如原告未由律师代理，则由原告填妥）。每份提交的起诉状均须向书记员另行提交一份封面页。\n\n原告和被告。请完全按照起诉状中所列的方式填写原告和被告的姓名。\n\n律师。如已知，请填写律师的姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。请在第一栏为原告勾选最适当的方框，并在第二栏为被告勾选最适当的方框。\n\n请求金额。填写起诉状中请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面页必须由登记在案的律师在表格第二页的方框内签署。如原告由律师事务所代理，则必须由该律所的一名成员签署。如原告自行诉讼，即未由律师代理，则必须由原告签署。\n\n美国康涅狄格联邦破产法院布里奇波特分院\n\n----------------------------------------------------------- x\n\n第11章\n1 :\n:\n案件编号：22-50073 (JAM)\n债务人。 :\n:\n（合并管理）\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章\n原告， x\n\n对抗程序编号：[\n]\n\n2024年\n2月\n13日\n\n被告。 :\n:\nx\n\n第11章受托人依据《破产法典》第544、548和550条及《纽约债务人与债权人法》第273、274和276条寻求撤销及追回欺诈性转让和相关救济的起诉状\n\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）以在 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（下称“债务人”或“Kwok”）第11章案件（下称“第11章案件”）中获任命的第11章受托人身份（下称“受托人”），提交本\n\n1 本第11章案件中的债务人为 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（亦称 Guo Wengui、Miles Guo 和 Miles Kwok，以及众多其他别名）（税务识别号码后四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（Genever Holdings有限责任公司）（税务识别号码后四位：8202）及 Genever Holdings Corporation（Genever Holdings公司）。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC 及 Genever Holdings Corporation 的邮寄地址为 Paul Hastings LLP（保尔·黑斯廷斯律师事务所），200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，转交 Luc A. Despins，作为 Ho Wan Kwok 财产集合的受托人（仅为通知和通信之目的）。\n\n对抗程序起诉状（下称“起诉状”），针对被告 G-Service LLC（G-Service有限责任公司）（下称“被告”）提出如下陈述：\n\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人提起本对抗程序，以撤销并追回于本第11章案件开始前对债务人财产作出的转让。\n\n2. 债务人通过其另我空壳公司 G Club Operations LLC（“GClub”），于申请日（定义如下）之前向作为初始受让人的被告转让了 \\$150,000.00 的资金。\n\n3. 该等转让属于实际欺诈性转让，因为债务人作为其“空壳把戏”的一部分实施了该等转让，且该等转让系出于阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人债权人的意图而作出。或者，该等转让属于推定欺诈性转让，因为作出该等转让时债务人已无清偿能力，且债务人未就此获得合理等值的对价。\n\n管辖权和审判地\n\n4. 本院根据 28 U.S.C. §1334(b) 对本对抗程序具有事项管辖权。\n\n5. 本对抗程序已根据 28 U.S.C. §157(a) 移送本院。\n\n6. 本文所请求救济的法定依据包括《美国法典》第11编（下称“破产法典”）第544、548和550条，以及《纽约债务人与债权人法》第273、274和276条[2]，或任何其他适用的州法对应规定。\n\n2 此后，对《纽约债务人与债权人法》的所有法条引用均称为“N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law”。《纽约统一可撤销交易法》（“NYUVT”）取代了《纽约统一欺诈性让与法》（“NYUFC”），并于2020年4月4日生效，适用于在该日或之后作出的转让或\n\n当事人\n\n7. 受托人根据破产法院于2022年7月8日作出的裁定，担任第11章案件的第11章受托人[案件编号：22-50073（下称“主案”），案卷编号：523]。\n\n8. 被告是一家亚利桑那州有限责任公司，地址为5123 N. 43 Place, Phoenix, Arizona 85018。\n\n事实\n\nA. 第11章案件\n\n9. 债务人于2022年2月15日（下称“申请日”）向 United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut（美国康涅狄格联邦破产法院）（下称“本院”或“破产法院”）自愿提交了依据《美国法典》第11编（下称“破产法典”）第11章寻求救济的申请，从而启动了上述标题所示的第11章案件（下称“第11章案件”）。\n\n10. 2002年3月21日，Office of the United States Trustee（美国受托人办公室）在本第11章案件中任命了无担保债权人正式委员会。尚未任命审查员。\n\n11. 债务人于2022年3月向破产法院提交的破产清单声称，其拥有 \\$3,850 的资产并产生了数亿美元的负债[.]3 虽然债务人确实负债累累，但其清单未披露债务人通过其众多另我空壳公司（包括 GClub）持有和转让的财产。\n\n于2020年4月4日或之后产生的义务。就2020年4月4日之前的转让而言，受托人在本诉讼中根据 NYUFC 及 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law 第273、273a、275、276和278条寻求救济。\n\n3 资产和负债清单，第1页（主案，案卷编号：78）。\n\n12. 2022年6月15日，破产法院作出一项裁决备忘录及裁定[主案案卷编号：465]，指示美国受托人在第11章案件中任命一名第11章受托人。根据该裁定，美国受托人选定 Luc A. Despins 为受托人。2022年7月8日，破产法院作出一项裁定，批准任命 Luc A. Despins 为第11章案件的受托人[主案案卷编号：523]。\n\nB. 债务人对空壳公司的使用及受托人的对抗程序\n\n13. GClub 是债务人用于阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的众多另我空壳公司之一。[4] 多年来，债务人策划了一场“空壳把戏”，利用由家庭成员和/或已知下属名义持有、但实际上由债务人控制的错综复杂的空壳公司网络。该空壳把戏使债务人能够使用、支出和/或转让数百万美元现金及其他资产，同时向债权人隐瞒其财产。\n\n14. 自获任命以来，受托人已在第11章案件中提起多项对抗程序，以实现包括确认债务人的空壳公司为其另我和/或该等公司及其资产在衡平法上归债务人所有在内的目的；且在若干该等对抗程序中，破产法院已经准许该等救济。[5]\n\n4 受托人已对或将立即对 GClub 提起一项对抗程序，该对抗程序寻求的救济包括确认判决，即 GClub 为债务人的另我。受托人将其在该对抗程序中提交的起诉状通过援引并入本文。\n\n5 这些包括下列对抗程序：(i) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯潘），第11章受托人诉HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC（HK国际基金投资〈美国〉有限公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉Greenwich Land LLC（格林尼治地产有限责任公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉Mei Guo（郭美）案 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉HCHK Technologies, Inc.（HCHK科技公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉Taurus Fund LLC（金牛基金有限责任公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉Golden Spring (New York) Limited（Golden Spring〈纽约〉有限公司）案 [Adv. Proc. 23-05018]；及 (vii) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉Lamp Capital LLC（兰普资本有限责任公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. 23-05023]。\n\n15. 这些诉讼中的事实模式一贯包括：(i) 由近亲属和/或下属持有的、由债务人控制的空壳公司，(ii) 使用来自其他由债务人控制实体的现金购买的资产，和/或在空壳实体之间无对价转移的资产，以及 (iii) 债务人从该等资产中受益并对其享有控制权和支配权。\n\nC. 债务人为阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债权人而实施的行为\n\n16. 除受托人对抗程序中所处理的事项外，破产法院还认定，债务人是Ace Decade Limited（艾斯十年有限公司）（并通过该公司成为Dawn State Limited（曙光州有限公司））的实益所有人，且债务人控制并利用了Ace Decade Limited的名义股东Yvette Wang（王伊薇特）。[6]\n\n17. 破产法院还认定，“G Entities（G实体）”（Gettr（盖特尔）、G Fashion（G时尚）、G Music（G音乐）、GClubs（G俱乐部）、GNews（G新闻）和GEdu（G教育））、New Federal State of China（新中国联邦）和Rule of Law Foundation（法治基金会），以及其他表面上独立的实体和组织，均受债务人控制[7]，由债务人领导[8]，和/或“服务于……债务人的目的，并作为债务人的商业载体”。[9]\n\n18. 在申请日之前，United States District Court for the Southern District of New York（美国纽约南区联邦地区法院）的Liman法官认定，Eastern Profit Corporation Limited（东方利润有限公司）——一家在转让给债务人的女儿之前由债务人的一名司机持有的实体——“实质上是”债务人的一家空壳公司。[10]\n\n6 准许要求认定债务人藐视《公司治理命令》的动议之命令，第1、4段（Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372（“公司治理藐视命令”））。\n\n7 经更正的部分准许初步禁令动议之裁决备忘录，第3段（Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032, January 13, 2023（“债务人还控制Saraca Media Group（萨拉卡媒体集团）及相关实体‘GTV’”））。\n\n8 同上，第7段（“债务人是The Whistleblower Movement（爆料革命）、NFSC、ROLF和Himalaya（喜马拉雅）的领导人。”）。\n\n9 同上（“The Whistleblower Movement、NFSC、ROLF、GSeries和Himalaya服务于债务人的目的，作为债务人的商业载体，其成员个人上忠于债务人。”）。\n\n19. 债务人为阻碍和拖延其最大债权人之一，即Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P.（太平洋联盟亚洲机遇基金，简称“PAX”）的追偿工作，煞费苦心。2017年，PAX在Supreme Court of the State of New York（纽约州最高法院，以下简称“纽约法院”）以Index No. 652077/2017（以下简称“PAX案件”）起诉债务人，请求就所欠款项作出判决。2021年2月3日，PAX从纽约法院取得针对债务人的\\$116,402,019.57判决（以下简称“PAX判决”）。PAX试图通过扣押债务人的资产来执行PAX判决——包括Lady May（梅夫人号），债务人虚假声称该船归其女儿所有；以及债务人在曼哈顿的豪华公寓，债务人虚假声称该公寓为债务人的儿子以信托方式持有。债务人在判决后程序中抗拒纽约法院命令，最终导致债务人承担\\$134 million的藐视法庭罚款。\n\n20. 债务人还将其另我实体，包括GClub（G俱乐部），用作个人钱罐，在将资产隐匿于这些另我实体、使债权人无法发现并阻碍和拖延债权人就其债权获得追偿的同时，为其本人及其家人已经习惯的奢华生活方式提供资金。债务人通过这些另我实体实施的转让延续了债务人的欺诈计划。\n\n10 Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n21. 债务人已在破产法院作证称，其资产不足以偿付其负债，且其奢华生活方式由其家人通过名义上由家庭成员持有的企业提供资金。[11] 债务人仅申报\\$3,850的资产。[12]\n\n22. 2023年3月，债务人被捕，并持续被羁押，等待就包括电信欺诈、证券欺诈和洗钱在内的联邦刑事指控接受审判。\n\n23. 美国政府在对债务人的刑事起诉书中主张，债务人及其共同被告“利用以至少80个不同实体或个人名义持有的约500多个账户，清洗了超过\\$1 billion的欺诈所得”。[13]\n\n24. 在申请日之前的任何时候，债务人的另我实体（包括GClub）的财产均为债务人的财产。\n\n25. 在与本案有关的任何时候，债务人在New York, New York从事商业活动，包括指示该转让（定义如下）。\n\nD. 为阻碍、拖延或欺诈债权人而作出的转让\n\n26. 本起诉状所涉转让系出于阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人债权人的意图作出，因为该等转让均通过债务人的另我空壳公司作出，该等公司作为债务人空壳游戏的一部分运营。\n\n11 关于债务人提出的作出临时及最终DIP命令的动议之听证会：(I) 授权债务人获得无担保、次级的申请后融资，及 (II) 安排临时及最终听证会，及 (III) 给予相关救济（Main Case, April 27, 2022）。\n\n12 见注3。\n\n13 见美利坚合众国反对被告Yanping Wang（王雁平）审前释放动议的法律备忘录，第29页，该备忘录作为附件B附于第11章受托人就G Club Operations LLC的补充异议所作答复中，该补充异议反对受托人提出的强制执行动议及相关救济请求（June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934）。\n\n27. 债务人故意以此方式安排其财务事务，以在向其众多债权人虚假声称贫困的同时，隐匿和耗散数百万美元资产。债务人声称自己一贫如洗，却同时大肆花费，为其本人、其家庭成员和亲密同伴维持亿万富翁的生活方式。\n\n28. 债务人隐匿和耗散的资产包括其从加密货币、证券及其他欺诈计划的受害者处取得的资金。由于该等行为，债务人在United States District Court for the Southern District of New York面临一宗尚在审理的刑事案件中的多项重罪欺诈、洗钱和敲诈勒索指控。参见United States v. Ho Wan Kwok（美国诉Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵））, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.)。\n\n29. 债务人明知并意图通过以此方式隐匿和耗散其资产，将不会留有足够资产偿还其债权人——包括其诸多欺诈行为的受害者。因此，该等转让必然是出于阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人债权人的意图而作出的。\n\nE. 向被告作出的转让\n\n30. 在申请日之前，债务人通过包括GClub在内的空壳公司或以其他方式向被告转让债务人的财产（统称“转让”），包括但不限于如下：\n\n见随附并构成本文件一部分的附表A。\n\n31. 在转让时，债务人对债务人破产财产的债权人负有未清偿义务。\n\n32. 被告是该转让的初始受让人。\n\n第一项请求\n（根据 Bankruptcy Code §§ 548(a)(1)(A) and 550(a) 撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让之请求）\n\n33. 受托人重述并再次主张第1至32段所载指称，如同在本文件中完整列明。\n\n34. 债务人通过其另我实体GClub作出该转让时，具有阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的实际意图。\n\n35. 债务人在实施该转让时阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，可由下列事实证明：\na. 该转让系使用一家另我空壳公司实施；\nb. 该转让被向债务人的债权人隐瞒；\nc. 该转让是债务人“空壳游戏”的一部分，其在债务人的家庭成员以及其控制的其他得力助手和下属的协助下实施该转让，意图隐匿和保护资产；\nd. 该转让使债务人能够从其欺诈中受益，而不使其财产处于其债权人可追及的范围内，因而进一步实施了债务人的欺诈行为；\ne. 该转让使债务人能够从其欺诈中获利，而不使其财产处于其债权人可追及的范围内，因而进一步实施了债务人的欺诈行为；\nf. 在转让时，债务人正被起诉，包括PAX在PAX案件中对其提起的诉讼；以及\ng. 在转让时，债务人无清偿能力或资本不足。\n\n36. 受托人可依据 Bankruptcy Code § 548(a)(1)(A) 撤销该转让，并可依据 Bankruptcy Code § 550(a) 追回该转让。\n\n第二项请求\n（根据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 274, and 276, and Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) and 550(a) 撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让之请求）\n\n37. 受托人重述并再次主张第1至32段所载指称，如同在本文件中完整列明。\n\n38. 债务人通过其另我公司GClub作出该转让时，具有阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的实际意图。\n\n39. 债务人在实施该转让时阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，可由下列事实证明：\n\na. 该转让系使用一家另我空壳公司实施；\nb. 该转让被向债务人的债权人隐瞒；\nc. 该转让是债务人“空壳游戏”的一部分，其在债务人的家庭成员以及其控制的其他得力助手和下属的协助下实施该转让，意图隐匿和保护资产；\nd. 该转让使债务人能够从其欺诈中受益，而不使其财产处于其债权人可追及的范围内，因而进一步实施了债务人的欺诈行为；\ne. 该转让使债务人能够从其欺诈中获利，而不使其财产处于其债权人可追及的范围内，因而进一步实施了债务人的欺诈行为；\nf. 在转让时，债务人正被起诉，包括PAX在PAX案件中对其提起的诉讼；以及\ng. 在转让时，债务人无清偿能力或资本不足。\n\n40. 受托人可依据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276, and section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code 撤销该转让，并可依据 section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code 追回该转让。\n\n第三项请求\n（根据 Bankruptcy Code sections 548(a)(1)(B) and 550(a) 撤销并追回推定欺诈性转让之请求）\n\n41. 受托人重述并再次主张第1至32段所载指称，如同在本文件中完整列明。\n\n42. 债务人就该转让所取得的对价低于合理等值。\n\n43. 在转让时，债务人无清偿能力，或因该等转让而变得无清偿能力。\n\n44. 在转让时，债务人正在从事某项业务或交易，或者即将从事某项业务或交易，而债务人保留的任何财产均构成不合理地少量的资本。\n\n45. 在该转让发生时，债务人意图承担，或相信其将承担，在该等债务到期时将超出其偿付能力的债务。\n\n46. 该转让构成欺诈性转让，受托人可根据《破产法》第 548(a)(1)(B) 条予以撤销，并可根据《破产法》第 550(a) 条予以追回。\n\n第四项请求\n（根据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law 第 273(a)(2)、274 和 276 条以及《破产法》第 544(b) 和 550(a) 条请求撤销并追回推定欺诈性转让）\n\n47. 受托人重述并再次主张第 1 至 32 段所载的指称，如同在本文中完整列明。\n\n48. 债务人未就该转让获得合理等值的价值。\n\n49. 在该转让发生时，债务人已资不抵债，或者债务人因该等转让而变得资不抵债。\n\n50. 在该转让发生时，债务人正在从事某项业务或交易，或即将从事某项业务或交易，而债务人留存的任何财产构成不合理地少量的资本。\n\n51. 在该转让发生时，债务人意图承担，或相信或理应相信其将承担，在该等债务到期时将超出其偿付能力的债务。\n\n52. 受托人可根据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law 第 273(a)(2)、274 和 276 条以及《破产法》第 544(b) 条撤销该转让，并可根据《破产法》第 550(a) 条予以追回。\n\n[本页其余部分特意留白。]\n\n救济请求\n\n因此，基于上述理由，受托人谨请求作出如下判决：\n\n1. 对第一项请求，(a) 作出命令，宣告金额不少于 $150,000.00 的该转让根据《破产法》第 548(a)(1)(A) 条予以撤销；(b) 作出命令，指示撤销该转让；以及 (c) 根据《破产法》第 550(a)(1) 条，为债务人财产的利益，由被告向受托人返还该转让，或由受托人选择返还其价值；\n\n2. 对第二项请求，(a) 作出命令，宣告金额不少于 $150,000.00 的该转让根据《破产法》第 544(b) 条及 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law 第 273(a)(2)、274 和 276 条予以撤销；(b) 作出命令，指示撤销该转让；以及 (c) 根据 N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law 第 276 条及《破产法》第 550(a)(1) 条，为债务人财产的利益，由被告向受托人返还该转让，或由受托人选择返还其价值；\n\n3. 对第三项请求，(a) 作出命令，宣告金额不少于 $150,000.00 的该转让根据《破产法》第 548(a)(1)(B) 条予以撤销；(b) 作出命令，指示撤销该转让；以及 (c) 根据《破产法》第 550(a)(1) 条，为债务人财产的利益，由被告向受托人返还该转让，或由受托人选择返还其价值；\n\n4. 对第四项请求，(a) 作出命令，宣告金额不少于 $150,000.00 的该转让根据《破产法》第 544(b) 条及 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law 第 273(a)(2)、274 和 276 条予以撤销；(b) 作出命令，指示撤销该转让；以及 (c) 根据 N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law 第 276 条及《破产法》第 550(a)(1) 条，为债务人财产的利益，由被告向受托人返还该转让，或由受托人选择返还其价值；\n\n5. 自提交本起诉状之日起至本案判决之日止，按最高法定利率向受托人裁定判决前利息；以及\n\n6. 法院在此情形下可能认为公正、适当或衡平的其他及进一步救济。\n\n[本页其余部分特意留白]\n\n日期：February 13, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯）\n破产法第11章受托人\n\n签署人：/s/ Douglas Skalka\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡）(ct00616)\nPatrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）(ct29437)\nNEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.（纽伯特、佩佩与蒙蒂斯专业公司）\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor\nNew Haven, Connecticut 06510\n(203) 781-2847\n[dskalka@npmlaw.com]\n[plinsey@npmlaw.com]\n破产法第11章受托人的代理律师\n\n附件 A\n\n密封提交","key_entities":["Despins","Je","Kwok","Ho Wan Kwok","Guo","Himalaya","Miles Guo","Yanping Wang","HCHK","GTV","Saraca","GETTR","Paul Hastings","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[{"doc_number":215,"court":"CTB"}],"word_count":4567,"status":"published","published_at":null,"created_at":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-23 19:30:01"}