{"id":"court_ctb_2825_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":2825,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":null,"title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | | |\n|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS | DEFENDANTS | | | |\n| Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee | Zeisler & Zeisler, P.C. | | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.)
Douglas S. Skalka, Patrick R. Linsey
Neubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.
195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510
(203)781-2847 | ATTORNEYS
(If Known) | | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only)
□ Debtor
□ U.S.
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin
□ Creditor
□ Other
□ Trustee | PARTY (Check One Box Only)
□ Debtor
□ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin
□ Creditor
□ Other
x
□ Trustee | | | |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION
(WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED)
Complaint of Chapter 11 Trustee seeking avoidance and recovery of postpetition transfers and
related relief pursuant to Bankruptcy Code Sections 549 and 550 | | | | |\n| NATURE OF SUIT
(Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property
□
11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property
□
12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference
□
13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
□
14-Recovery of money/property - other
FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
□
21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued)
□
61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support
□
68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury
□
63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan
□
64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation
(other than domestic support)
□
65-Dischargeability - other | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property
□
31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h) | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief
□
71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay
□
72-Injunctive relief – other | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge
□
41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e) | FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest
□
81-Subordination of claim or interest | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation
□
51-Revocation of confirmation | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment
□
91-Declaratory judgment | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability
□
66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims
□
62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation,
actual fraud
□
67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny
(continued next column) | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action
□
01-Determination of removed claim or cause
Other
□
SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.
□
02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court
if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | | |\n| □ Check if this case involves a substantive issue of state law | □ Check if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23 | | | |\n| □ Check if a jury trial is demanded in complaint | Demand \\$ | | | |\n| Other Relief Sought | | | | |\n\n**B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR
Ho Wan Kwok | | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO.
22-50073 (JAM) | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING
Connecticut | | DIVISION OFFICE
Bridgeport | NAME OF JUDGE
Julie A. Manning | |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFF | DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY
PROCEEDING NO. | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | |\n| /s/ Douglas S. Skalka | | | | |\n| DATE | | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | |\n| February 13, 2024 | | Douglas S. Skalka | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n# **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | x |\n|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| In re: | :
:
Chapter 11 |\n| 1
HO WAN KWOK,
et al., | :
:
Case No. 22-50073 (JAM) |\n| Debtors. | :
:
(Jointly Administered)
: |\n| -----------------------------------------------------------
LUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11
TRUSTEE,
Plaintiff,
v. | x
:
:
:
:
Adv. Proceeding No. [
]
:
:
: |\n| | :
February
13, 2024
: |\n| ZEISLER & ZEISLER, P.C. | : |\n| Defendant.
----------------------------------------------------------- | :
:
x |\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF POSTPETITION TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 549 AND 550**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the chapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this adversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant Zeisler & Zeisler, P.C. (the \"Defendant\"), stating as follows:\n\n1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\n#### **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding to avoid and recover transfers of property of the Debtor's estate effectuated by the Debtor after the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case and not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or under Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\").\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter ego shell companies, Greenwich Land, LLC (\"Greenwich Land\") and Lamp Capital LLC (\"Lamp Capital\"), transferred funds in the amount of \\$242,917.55 after the Petition Date (as defined herein) to the Defendant as initial transferee.\n\n3. Because these postpetition transfers of estate property were not authorized by the Court or under the Bankruptcy Code, they are subject to avoidance and recovery under sections 549 and 550 of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b).\n\n5. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(a).\n\n6. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include 11 U.S.C. §§ 549 and 550.\n\n### **THE PARTIES**\n\n7. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n2\n\n8. The Defendant is a Connecticut professional corporation with an address at 10 Middle Street, 15th Floor, Bridgeport, Connecticut 06604.\n\n## **FACTS**\n\n#### **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n9. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the above-captioned chapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\").\n\n10. On March 21, 2022, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n11. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities[.](#page-4-0)2 While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and transferred through his many alter ego shell companies, including Greenwich Land.\n\n12. On June 15, 2022, the Bankruptcy Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the Trustee. On July 8, 2022, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n2 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 (Main Case, Docket No. 78).\n\n### **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n13. Greenwich Land and Lamp Capital are among the numerous alter ego shell companies used by the Debtor to defraud his creditors.[3](#page-5-0) For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members and subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use, spend, and transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets—while concealing his property from creditors.\n\n14. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell companies were his alter egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several adversary proceedings, the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief.[4](#page-5-1)\n\n15. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from\n\n3 There is a pending motion for summary judgment to determine that Greenwich Land is the alter ego of the Debtor in the adversary proceeding *Despins v. Greenwich Land, LLC* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5005 (the \"Greenwich Land A.P.\"), Docket No. 78). The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the Greenwich Land A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5005, Docket No. 1).\n\nThe Court has entered judgment to the effect that Lamp Capital was the Debtor's alter ego. *See Despins v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023 (the \"Lamp Capital A.P.\"), Docket No. 66). The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the Lamp Capital A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23- 5023, Docket No. 1).\n\n4 These include the following adversary proceedings: (i) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]; (vi) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited* [Adv. Proc. 23- 05018]; and (vii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. 23-05023].\n\nother Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n16. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including Greenwich Land and Lamp Capital, as personal piggy-banks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries on their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos perpetuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme. The property of these alter egos, including Greenwich Land and Lamp Capital, was at all times prior to the Petition Date property of the Debtor.\n\n#### **C. Debtor's Shell Game and Fraud Continues Postpetition**\n\n17. As of the Petition Date, all of the Debtor's property held through his alter egos, including Greenwich Land and Lamp Capital, became property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate. *See* 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1).\n\n18. Following the Petition Date, the Debtor, with blatant disregard for the Bankruptcy Court and his obligations under the Bankruptcy Code, continued to effectuate transfers through numerous alter ego shell companies, including, without limitation, Greenwich Land and Lamp Capital.\n\n19. None of these postpetition transfers were authorized by the Bankruptcy Court nor were such transfers authorized under the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **D. Transfers to the Defendant**\n\n20. Subsequent to the Petition Date, the Debtor, through shell companies including Greenwich Land and Lamp Capital, or otherwise, transferred property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate to the Defendant (collectively, the \"Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n21. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of\n\nthe Debtor's estate.\n\n22. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfers.\n\n### **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n## **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Unauthorized Postpetition Transfers pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 549 and 550(a))**\n\n23. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-22 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n24. The Transfers were made to the Defendant by the Debtor, including through his alter ego shell companies, Greenwich Land and/or Lamp Capital.\n\n25. The Transfers occurred after the Petition Date.\n\n26. The Transfers were not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or by the Bankruptcy\n\nCode.\n\n27. The Transfers constituted the unauthorized transfer of an interest in property of the Debtor's estate.\n\n28. The Transfers are avoidable pursuant to section 549(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n29. Pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code, the Trustee is entitled to recover the Transfers, or the value thereof, from the Defendant plus interest thereon to the date of payment and the costs of this action.\n\n*[THE REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK.]*\n\n#### **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. An order (a) declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$242,917.55 are avoided pursuant to section 549 of the Bankruptcy Code; and (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n3. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n[*Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank*]\n\nDated: February 13, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: /s/ Douglas Skalka*\\_\\_\\_\\_* Douglas S. Skalka (ct00616) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2845 [dskalka@npmlaw.com](mailto:dskalka@npmlaw.com) *Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\n## **SCHEDULE A**\n\n**FILED UNDER SEAL**","body_zh":"B1040（FORM 1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗程序封面页\n（背面附有说明） 对抗程序编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n原告 被告\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人 Zeisler & Zeisler, P.C.（泽斯勒与泽斯勒专业公司）\n律师（律所名称、地址和电话号码）\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡），Patrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）\nNeubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.（纽伯特、佩佩与蒙蒂思专业公司）\n195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510\n(203)781-2847 律师\n（如已知）\n当事人（仅勾选一个方框）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国\n受托人/破产管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他\n□ 受托人 当事人（仅勾选一个方框）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国受托人/破产\n管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他\nx\n□ 受托人\n诉因\n（简要说明诉因，包括所涉及的全部美国法条）\n第11章受托人依据《破产法典》第549条和第550条寻求撤销并追回申请提交后转移以及\n相关救济的起诉状\n诉讼性质\n（从主要诉因作为1、第一项备选诉因作为2、第二项备选诉因作为3等开始，最多编号五（5）个方框。）\nFRBP 7001(1) – 追回金钱/财产\n□\n11-追回金钱/财产 - §542 交还财产\n□\n12-追回金钱/财产 - §547 优先受偿\n□\n13-追回金钱/财产 - §548 欺诈性转移\n□\n14-追回金钱/财产 - 其他\nFRBP 7001(2) – 留置权的有效性、优先顺位或范围\n□\n21-留置权或其他财产权益的有效性、优先顺位或范围 FRBP 7001(6) – 可免责性（续）\n□\n61-可免责性 - §523(a)(5)，家庭扶养\n□\n68-可免责性 - §523(a)(6)，故意及恶意伤害\n□\n63-可免责性 - §523(a)(8)，学生贷款\n□\n64-可免责性 - §523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\n（家庭扶养除外）\n□\n65-可免责性 - 其他\nFRBP 7001(3) – 批准出售财产\n□\n31-批准出售破产财产及共同所有人财产 - §363(h) FRBP 7001(7) – 禁令救济\n□\n71-禁令救济 – 实施中止\n□\n72-禁令救济 – 其他\nFRBP 7001(4) – 对免责提出异议/撤销免责\n□\n41-对免责提出异议/撤销免责 - §727(c),(d),(e) FRBP 7001(8) 债权或权益劣后\n□\n81-债权或权益劣后\nFRBP 7001(5) – 撤销确认\n□\n51-撤销确认 FRBP 7001(9) 确认判决\n□\n91-确认判决\nFRBP 7001(6) – 可免责性\n□\n66-可免责性 - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税务债权\n□\n62-可免责性 - §523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述、\n实际欺诈\n□\n67-可免责性 - §523(a)(4)，受托人欺诈、侵占、盗窃\n（续见下一栏） FRBP 7001(10) 对移送诉讼的裁定\n□\n01-对移送债权或诉因的裁定\n其他\n□\nSS-SIPA案件 – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\n□\n02-其他（例如，如与破产案件无关本应在州法院提起的其他诉讼）\n□ 如本案涉及州法实体性问题，请勾选 □ 如主张本案为根据FRCP 23提起的集体诉讼，请勾选\n□ 如起诉状中要求陪审团审判，请勾选 请求金额 \\$\n请求的其他救济\n\nB1040（FORM 1040）（12/15）\n\n本对抗程序所由产生的破产案件\n\n债务人姓名\n郭文贵 破产案件编号\n22-50073 (JAM)\n案件待决地区\nConnecticut（康涅狄格州） 分院办事处\nBridgeport（布里奇波特） 法官姓名\nJulie A. Manning（朱莉·A·曼宁）\n相关对抗程序（如有）\n原告 被告 对抗\n程序编号\n对抗程序待决地区 分院办事处 法官姓名\n律师（或原告）签名\n/s/ Douglas S. Skalka\n日期 律师（或原告）姓名正楷\nFebruary 13, 2024 Douglas S. Skalka\n说明\n\n提交破产案件将在破产法院管辖下设立一项“破产财产”，其由债务人的全部财产构成，无论该等财产位于何处。由于破产财产范围广泛且法院管辖权极其宽泛，可能会就破产财产或其财产权利发生诉讼。也可能会有涉及债务人免责的诉讼。此类诉讼如在破产法院提起，即称为对抗程序。\n\n提起对抗程序的一方还必须填写并提交Form 1040，即《对抗程序封面页》，除非该方通过法院案件管理/电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提交对抗程序。（CM/ECF将Form 1040中的信息作为提交程序的一部分予以采集。）填写完成后，封面页概述对抗程序的基本信息。法院书记员需要该等信息以处理对抗程序并编制所需的法院活动统计报告。\n\n封面页及其中所载信息不替代或补充法律、《破产程序规则》或法院地方法规所要求提交和送达的诉状或其他文件。该封面页大体不言自明，必须由原告律师填写（如原告未由律师代理，则由原告填写）。每一份提交的起诉状均必须向书记员单独提交一份封面页。\n\n原告和被告。请准确填写起诉状所载的原告和被告姓名。\n\n律师。如已知，请填写律师的姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。请在第一栏中为原告勾选最适当的方框，并在第二栏中为被告勾选最适当的方框。\n\n请求金额。填写起诉状中请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面页必须由登记在案的律师在表格第二页的方框内签署。如原告由律师事务所代理，则必须由该所成员签署。如原告自行诉讼，即未由律师代理，则必须由原告签署。\n美国康涅狄格州联邦破产法院布里奇波特分院\n\n----------------------------------------------------------- x\n\n关于： :\n:\n第11章\n\n郭文贵，\n等人， :\n:\n案件编号22-50073 (JAM)\n债务人。 :\n:\n（合并管理）\n\nLUC A. DESPINS，第11章\n受托人，\n原告，\n诉 x\n\n对抗程序编号[\n]\n\nFebruary\n13, 2024\n\nZEISLER & ZEISLER, P.C. :\n被告。\n\nx\n第11章受托人依据《破产法典》第549条和第550条寻求撤销并追回申请提交后转移及相关救济的起诉状\n\nLuc A. Despins以其作为郭文贵（“债务人”或“郭”）第11章案件（“第11章案件”）中获任命的第11章受托人（“受托人”）的身份，对被告Zeisler & Zeisler, P.C.（“被告”）提起本对抗程序起诉状（“起诉状”），陈述如下：\n\n1 本第11章案件中的债务人为郭文贵（亦称Guo Wengui、Miles Guo和Miles Kwok，以及其他众多别名）（税务识别号码后四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（吉内弗控股有限责任公司）（税务识别号码后四位：8202）及Genever Holdings Corporation（吉内弗控股公司）。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC和Genever Holdings Corporation的邮寄地址为Paul Hastings LLP（保罗·黑斯廷斯律师事务所），200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，c/o Luc A. Despins，作为郭文贵破产财产的受托人（仅用于通知和通信）。\n\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人提起本对抗程序，以撤销并追回债务人在本第11章案件开始后实施、且未经破产法院或《美国法典》第11编（“破产法典”）授权的债务人破产财产转移。\n\n2. 债务人通过其另一自我空壳公司Greenwich Land, LLC（“Greenwich Land”）和Lamp Capital LLC（“Lamp Capital”），在申请提交日后（定义如下）向作为初始受让人的被告转移了金额为\\$242,917.55的资金。\n\n3. 因为该等申请提交后对破产财产的转移未经法院或《破产法典》授权，故其可根据《破产法典》第549条和第550条予以撤销并追回。\n\n管辖权和审判地\n\n4. 本院根据28 U.S.C. § 1334(b)对本对抗程序具有事项管辖权。\n\n5. 本对抗程序已根据28 U.S.C. § 157(a)移交本院审理。\n\n6. 本文所请求救济的法定依据包括11 U.S.C. §§ 549 and 550。\n\n当事人\n\n7. 受托人系第11章案件中的第11章受托人，依据破产法院于July 8, 2022作出的命令[案件编号22-50073（“主案件”）案卷编号523]获任命。\n\n8. 被告为一家康涅狄格州专业公司，地址为10 Middle Street, 15th Floor, Bridgeport, Connecticut 06604。\n\n事实\n\nA. 第11章案件\n\n9. 债务人于February 15, 2022在United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut（美国康涅狄格州联邦破产法院）（“破产法院”）自愿提交了根据《破产法典》第11章寻求救济的申请（“申请提交日”），从而启动了上述标题所示第11章案件（“第11章案件”）。\n\n10. 于March 21, 2022，Office of the United States Trustee（美国受托人办公室）在本第11章案件中任命了无担保债权人正式委员会。尚未任命审查员。\n\n11. 债务人于March 2022向破产法院提交的破产财产清单声称，其拥有\\$3,850的资产，并产生了数亿美元的负债[.]2 尽管债务人确实负债累累，其财产清单未披露债务人通过其众多另一自我空壳公司（包括Greenwich Land）持有和转移的财产。\n\n12. 于June 15, 2022，破产法院作出备忘录式决定和命令[主案件案卷编号465]，指示美国受托人在第11章案件中任命第11章受托人。根据该命令，美国受托人选定Luc A. Despins担任受托人。于July 8, 2022，破产法院作出命令，批准任命Luc A. Despins担任第11章案件的受托人[主案件案卷编号523]。\n\n2 资产和负债清单，第1页（主案件，案卷编号78）。\n\nB. 债务人使用空壳公司及受托人的对抗程序\n\n13. Greenwich Land和Lamp Capital是债务人用以欺诈其债权人的众多另一自我空壳公司中的两家。[3] 多年来，债务人一直策划一场“空壳游戏”，利用由家庭成员和下属名义持有、但实际受债务人控制的复杂空壳公司网络。该空壳游戏使债务人得以使用、支出和转移数百万美元现金及其他资产，同时向债权人隐匿其财产。\n\n14. 自其获任命以来，受托人已在第11章案件中提起多项对抗程序，以实现包括确认债务人的空壳公司系其另一自我和/或该等公司及其资产在衡平法上归债务人所有在内的目的；在数项对抗程序中，破产法院已准予该等救济。[4]\n\n15. 这些诉讼中的事实模式一贯包括：(i) 由近亲和/或下属持有的债务人控制的空壳公司，(ii) 使用来自\n\n3 在对抗程序Despins v. Greenwich Land, LLC（对抗程序编号23-5005（“Greenwich Land对抗程序”），案卷编号78）中，尚有一项待决的简易判决动议，以确认Greenwich Land系债务人的另一自我。受托人通过援引将其在Greenwich Land对抗程序中提交的起诉状（对抗程序编号23-5005，案卷编号1）纳入本文。\n\n法院已作出判决，确认Lamp Capital系债务人的另一自我。见Despins v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.（对抗程序编号23-5023（“Lamp Capital对抗程序”），案卷编号66）。受托人通过援引将其在Lamp Capital对抗程序中提交的起诉状（对抗程序编号23- 5023，案卷编号1）纳入本文。\n\n4 这些包括以下对抗程序：(i) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人，诉 HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC（HK国际基金投资（美国）有限责任公司）等 [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人，诉 Greenwich Land LLC（格林尼治地产有限责任公司）等 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人，诉 Mei Guo（郭美）[Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人，诉 HCHK Technologies, Inc.（HCHK科技公司）等 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人，诉 Taurus Fund LLC（金牛基金有限责任公司）等 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人，诉 Golden Spring (New York) Limited（黄金泉（纽约）有限公司）[Adv. Proc. 23-05018]；以及 (vii) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人，诉 Lamp Capital LLC（灯塔资本有限责任公司）等 [Adv. Proc. 23-05023]。\n\n其他由债务人控制的实体，及/或在空壳实体之间无偿转让，以及 (iii) 债务人从该等资产中受益并对其拥有控制权和支配权。\n\n16. 债务人还将其另我实体，包括 Greenwich Land 和 Lamp Capital，用作个人小金库，为其本人及其家人已经习惯的奢靡生活提供资金，同时将资产隐匿于该等另我实体中，使其债权人无法发现，并阻碍和拖延债权人就其债权获得追偿。债务人通过该等另我实体实施的转让延续了债务人的欺诈计划。该等另我实体的财产，包括 Greenwich Land 和 Lamp Capital 的财产，在提交破产申请日之前的任何时候均为债务人的财产。\n\nC. 债务人的空壳把戏和欺诈行为在破产申请后仍在继续\n\n17. 截至提交破产申请日，债务人通过其另我实体持有的全部财产，包括 Greenwich Land 和 Lamp Capital，均成为债务人第11章破产财产的财产。见 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1)。\n\n18. 在提交破产申请日之后，债务人公然无视破产法院及其在《破产法典》项下的义务，继续通过众多另我空壳公司实施转让，包括但不限于 Greenwich Land 和 Lamp Capital。\n\n19. 该等申请后转让均未经破产法院授权，亦未经《破产法典》授权。\n\nD. 向被告的转让\n\n20. 在提交破产申请日之后，债务人通过包括 Greenwich Land 和 Lamp Capital 在内的空壳公司，或以其他方式，向被告转让了债务人第11章破产财产的财产（统称“该等转让”），包括但不限于如下：\n\n见随附并构成本文件一部分的附表A。\n\n21. 在该等转让发生时，债务人对债务人破产财产的债权人负有未清偿债务。\n\n22. 被告是该等转让的初始受让人。\n\n第一项请求\n（依据《破产法典》第549条和第550(a)条撤销并追回未经授权的申请后转让之请求）\n\n23. 受托人重述并再次主张第1至22段所载指控，如同在本文中完整载明。\n\n24. 债务人，包括通过其另我空壳公司 Greenwich Land 及/或 Lamp Capital，向被告作出了该等转让。\n\n25. 该等转让发生于提交破产申请日之后。\n\n26. 该等转让未经破产法院或《破产法典》授权。\n\n27. 该等转让构成对债务人破产财产中财产权益的未经授权转让。\n\n28. 该等转让可依据《破产法典》第549(a)条予以撤销。\n\n29. 根据《破产法典》第550(a)条，受托人有权向被告追回该等转让或其价值，另加截至付款日的利息及本案费用。\n\n[本页其余部分特意留白。]\n\n救济请求\n\n因此，基于前述理由，受托人恭请作出如下判决：\n\n1. 作出命令：(a) 宣告金额不低于 $242,917.55 的该等转让依据《破产法典》第549条予以撤销；以及 (b) 命令撤销该等转让；以及 (c) 依据《破产法典》第550(a)(1)条，为债务人破产财产的利益，向被告追回该等转让，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n2. 自本起诉状提交之日起至本案判决之日止，按法定最高利率向受托人判给判决前利息；以及\n\n3. 法院在此等情形下认为公正、适当或衡平的其他及进一步救济。\n\n[本页其余部分特意留白]\n\n日期：February 13, 2024\nNew Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS\n第11章受托人\n\n代理人：/s/ Douglas Skalka\nDouglas S. Skalka (ct00616)\nNEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.（诺伊伯特、佩佩及蒙蒂思律师事务所）\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor\nNew Haven, Connecticut 06510\n(203) 781-2845\n[dskalka@npmlaw.com]\n第11章受托人的律师\n\n附表A\n\n密封提交","key_entities":["Despins","Kwok","Ho Wan Kwok","Je","Guo","Miles Guo","HCHK","Paul Hastings","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[],"word_count":2754,"status":"published","published_at":null,"created_at":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-23 18:33:26"}