{"id":"court_ctb_2834_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":2834,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":null,"title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse) | | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | |\n|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS | DEFENDANTS | | | |\n| Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee | | Petrillo Klein & Boxer LLP | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.) | ATTORNEYS
(If Known) | | | |\n| Douglas S. Skalka, Patrick R. Linsey
Neubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.
195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510
(203)781-2847 | | | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only) | | PARTY (Check One Box Only) | | |\n| □ Debtor
□ U.S.
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin | □ Debtor | □ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin | | |\n| □ Creditor
□ Other | □ Creditor | □ Other
X | | |\n| □ Trustee | □ Trustee | | | |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION
(WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED) | | | | |\n| Complaint of Chapter 11 Trustee seeking avoidance and recovery of fraudulent transfers, preferential transfers, and
postpetition transfers and related relief pursuant to bankruptcy code sections 544,547,548,549, and
550 and New York debtor and creditor law sections 273, 274, and 276 | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| NATURE OF SUIT
(Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property | | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued) | | |\n| □
11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property | □ | 61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support | | |\n| □
12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference
□ | □
68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury | | | |\n| 13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
□ | □
63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan
□ | | | |\n| 14-Recovery of money/property - other | | 64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation
(other than domestic support) | | |\n| FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
□
21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property | □ | 65-Dischargeability - other | | |\n| | | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief | | |\n| FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property
□
31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h) | □
71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay | | | |\n| | □ | 72-Injunctive relief – other | | |\n| FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge
□
41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e) | □ | FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest
81-Subordination of claim or interest | | |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation | | | | |\n| □
51-Revocation of confirmation | □ | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment | | |\n| | | 91-Declaratory judgment | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability
□ | | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action | | |\n| 66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims
□ | □ | 01-Determination of removed claim or cause | | |\n| 62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation, | | | | |\n| actual fraud
□
67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny | Other
□ | SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq. | | |\n| | □ | 02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court | | |\n| (continued next column) | | if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | |\n| □ Check if this case involves a substantive issue of state law | | □ Check if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23 | | |\n| □ Check if a jury trial is demanded in complaint | Demand \\$ | | | |\n| Other Relief Sought | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n\n#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | | |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------|------------------|--|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR | | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO. | | | |\n| Ho Wan Kwok | | 22-50073 (JAM) | | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | | |\n| Connecticut | | Bridgeport | Julie A. Manning | | |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFF | DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY | | |\n| | | | PROCEEDING NO. | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | | |\n| /s/ Douglas S. Skalka | | | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| DATE | | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | |\n| February 14, 2024 | | | | | |\n| | | Douglas S. Skalka | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n# **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | | x |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------|\n| In re: | :
: | Chapter 11 |\n| 1
HO WAN KWOK,
et al., | :
: | Case No. 22-50073 (JAM) |\n| | :
Debtors.
:
: | (Jointly Administered) |\n| -----------------------------------------------------------
LUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11
TRUSTEE,
v.
PETRILLO KLEIN & BOXER LLP,
----------------------------------------------------------- | :
:
:
:
Plaintiff,
:
:
:
:
:
:
Defendant.
:
: | x
Adv. Proceeding No. [ ]
February 14, 2024
x |\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF FRAUDULENT TRANSFERSAND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 544, 548, AND 550 AND NEW YORK DEBTOR & CREDITOR LAW SECTIONS 273, 274, AND 276**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the\n\nchapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this\n\n1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\nadversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant Petrillo Klein & Boxer LLP (the \"Defendant\"), stating as follows:\n\n#### **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding to avoid and recover: (a) transfers of the Debtor's property prior to the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case; and (b) transfers of property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate after the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case and not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or under Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\").\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter ego shell companies, Lamp Capital LLC (\"Lamp Capital\"), and Golden Spring (New York) Limited (\"Golden Spring\"), transferred funds in the amount of \\$925,489.90 prior to the Petition Date (as defined herein) to the Defendant as initial transferee.\n\n3. These transfers were actually fraudulent, because the Debtor effectuated them as part of his \"shell game,\" and they were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n### **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b).\n\n5. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(a).\n\n2\n\n6. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include sections 544, 548, 549, and 550 of the Bankruptcy Code and New York Debtor & Creditor Law sections 273, 274, and 276 2 or any other applicable state law equivalents.\n\n### **THE PARTIES**\n\n7. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n8. The Defendant is a New York limited liability partnership with an address at 655 Third Avenue, 22nd Floor, New York, New York 10017.\n\n# **FACTS**\n\n# **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n9. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the Chapter 11 Case.\n\n10. On March 21, 2022, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n11. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities.3 While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the\n\n2 All statutory references to New York Debtor and Creditor Law will hereinafter be referred to as \"N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law\". The New York Uniform Voidable Transactions Act (\"NYUVT\") replaced the New York Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act (\"NYUFC\") and became effective on April 4, 2020 and applies to transfers made or obligations incurred on or after April 4, 2020. With respect to transfers prior to April 4, 2020, the Trustee seeks relief in this action under the NYUFC and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law §§273, 273-a, 274, 275, 276 and 278.\n\n3 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 [Main Case Docket No. 78].\n\nDebtor's property as held and/or transferred through his many alter ego shell companies, including, Lamp Capital and Golden Spring.\n\n12. On June 15, 2022, the Bankruptcy Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the Trustee. On July 8, 2022, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n### **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n13. Lamp Capital and Golden Spring are among the numerous alter ego shell companies used by the Debtor to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors.4 For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members, lieutenants, and/or subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use and spend and/or transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets—while concealing his property from creditors.\n\n14. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell companies were his alter egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned\n\n4 The Court has entered judgment to the effect that Golden Spring was the Debtor's alter ego. *See Despins v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5018 (the \"Golden Spring A.P.\"), Docket No. 35). The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the Golden Spring A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5018, Docket No. 1).\n\nThe Court has entered judgment to the effect that Lamp Capital was the Debtor's alter ego. *See Despins v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023 (the \"Lamp Capital A.P.\"), Docket No. 66). The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the Lamp Capital A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023, Docket No. 1).\n\nby the Debtor and in several adversary proceedings the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief.5\n\n15. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from other Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n### **C. Debtor's Conduct to Hinder, Delay, and/or Defraud Creditors**\n\n16. In addition to the matters addressed in the Trustee's adversary proceedings, the Bankruptcy Court has found that the Debtor was the beneficial owner of Ace Decade Limited (and through it, Dawn State Limited) and that the Debtor controlled and employed Ace Decade Limited's nominee shareholder, Yvette Wang.6\n\n17. The Bankruptcy Court has also found that the \"G Entities\" (Gettr, G Fashion, G Music, GClubs, GNews and GEdu), the New Federal State of China and the Rule of Law Foundation, as well as other purportedly independent entities and organizations, were controlled\n\n5 These include the following adversary proceedings: (i) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]; (vi) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited [Adv. Proc. 23- 05018]; and (vii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. 23-05023].\n\n6 Order Granting Motion to Hold Debtor in Contempt of Corporate Governance Order, ¶¶ 1, 4 (Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372 (\"Corp. Governance Contempt Order\").\n\nby the Debtor7 , led by the Debtor8 and/or served \"the purposes of… and as business vehicles of\" the Debtor.9\n\n18. Prior to the Petition Date, Judge Liman of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York found that Eastern Profit Corporation Limited, an entity originally owned by one of the Debtor's chefs before its transfer to Debtor's daughter, was \"in essence, a shell corporation\" for the Debtor.10\n\n19. The Debtor has gone to great lengths to hinder and delay the collection efforts of one of his largest creditors, *i.e.*, Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P. (\"PAX\"). In 2017, PAX sued the Debtor in the Supreme Court of the State of New York (the \"New York Court\"), Index No. 652077/2017 (the \"PAX Case\"), seeking judgment for monies owed. On February 3, 2021, PAX obtained a judgment from the New York Court against the Debtor in the sum of \\$116,402,019.57 (the \"PAX Judgment\"). PAX sought to enforce the PAX Judgment by levying the Debtor's assets—including the Lady May, which the Debtor falsely claimed was owned by his daughter, and the Debtor's luxury apartment in Manhattan, which the Debtor falsely claimed was held in trust for the Debtor's son. The Debtor's defiance of New York Court orders in postjudgment proceedings eventually resulted in the Debtor incurring contempt penalties of \\$134 million.\n\n7 *Corrected Memorandum of Decision Granting in Part Motion for Preliminary Injunction*, ¶ 3 (Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032, January 13, 2023 (\"The Debtor also controls Saraca Media Group and a related entity 'GTV'\").\n\n8 *Id*. at ¶ 7 (\"The Debtor is the leader of The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF and Himalaya.\").\n\n9 *Id*. (\"The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF, GSeries, and Himalaya serve the purposes of the Debtor, serve as business vehicles for the Debtor, and their members are personally loyal to the Debtor.\").\n\n10 *Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC*, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n20. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including Lamp Capital and Golden Spring as personal piggy-banks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries on their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos effectuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme.\n\n21. The Debtor has testified before the Bankruptcy Court that he has insufficient assets to pay his liabilities and that his luxurious lifestyle is funded by his family through businesses nominally held by family members.11 The Debtor scheduled only \\$3,850 in assets.12\n\n22. In March 2023, the Debtor was arrested and remains confined pending his trial on federal criminal charges of, among other things, wire fraud, securities fraud, and money laundering.\n\n23. In its criminal indictment of the Debtor, the United States Government asserts that the Debtor and his co-defendants \"utilized more than approximately 500 accounts held in the names of *at least 80 different entities or individuals* to launder more than \\$1 billion in fraud proceeds.\"13\n\n24. The property of the Debtor's alter egos, including Lamp Capital and Golden Spring, was at all times prior to the Petition Date property of the Debtor.\n\n11 Hearing on Debtor's Motion for Entry of Interim and Final DIP Orders (I) Authorizing the Debtor to Obtain Unsecured, Subordinated Postpetition Financing and (II) Scheduling Interim and Final Hearings, and (III) Granting Related Relief (Main Case, April 27, 2022)\n\n12 *See* n.3\n\n13 *See* Memorandum of Law of the United States of America in Opposition to Defendant Yanping Wang's Motion for Pretrial Release at 29, attached as Exhibit B in the Reply of Chapter 11 Trustee to G Club Operations LLC's Supplemental Objection to Trustee's Motion to Compel and Request for Related Relief (June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934).\n\n25. At all times relevant herein, the Debtor conducted business in New York, New York, including direction of the prepetition transfers at issue in this Complaint.\n\n#### **D. Transfers Made with Intent to Hinder, Delay, or Defraud Creditors**\n\n26. The Transfers (as defined herein) at issue in this Complaint were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors inasmuch as they were all made through the Debtor's alter-ego shell companies operated as a part of the Debtor's shell game.\n\n27. The Debtor intentionally orchestrated his financial affairs in this manner in order to conceal and dissipate millions of dollars in assets while falsely pleading poverty to his many creditors. The Debtor claimed to be destitute while simultaneously spending heavily to maintain a billionaire lifestyle for himself and for his family members and close associates.\n\n28. The assets concealed and dissipated by the Debtor included funds that he obtained from the victims of his cryptocurrency, securities, and other fraud schemes. As a result of this conduct, the Debtor faces multiple felony fraud, money laundering, and racketeering charges in a criminal case pending in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. *See United States v. Ho Wan Kwok*, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.).\n\n29. The Debtor knew and intended that by concealing and dissipating his assets in this manner there would not be sufficient assets remaining to repay his creditors—including the many victims of his frauds. These transfers were thus necessarily made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n30. The Defendant is a law firm that has represented the Debtor, including in the PAX Case, in which the Debtor sought to hinder, delay, or defraud one of his creditors, *i.e.*, PAX.\n\n### **E. Transfers to the Defendant**\n\n8\n\n31. Prior to the Petition Date, the Debtor, using his alter ego shell company, Golden\n\nSpring and Lamp Capital, or otherwise, transferred the Debtor's property to the Defendant (collectively, the \"Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n32. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of the Debtor's estate.\n\n33. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfers.\n\n### **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n## **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers Pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 548(a)(1)(A) and 550(a))**\n\n34. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-33 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n35. The Transfers were made by the Debtor through his alter egos, Golden Spring and\n\nLamp Capital, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n36. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the Transfers is shown by, among other things:\n\na. The Transfers were effectuated using an alter ego shell company;\n\n- b. The Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n- c. The Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n- d. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n37. The Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to section 548(a)(1)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code and are recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **SECOND CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 274, and 276, and Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) and 550(a))**\n\n38. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-33 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n39. The Transfers were made by the Debtor, through his alter egos, Golden Spring and\n\nLamp Capital, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n40. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the Transfers is shown by, among other things:\n\n- a. The Transfers were effectuated using an alter ego shell company;\n- b. The Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n- c. The Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n41. The Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276, and section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n*[THE REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK.]*\n\n#### **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. On the First Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Prepetition Transfers in an amount not less than \\$925,489.90 are avoided pursuant to section 548(a)(1)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code; (b) an order directing that the Prepetition Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Prepetition Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. On the Second Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Prepetition Transfers in an amount not less than \\$925,489.90 are avoided pursuant to section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2), 274 and 276 and, with respect to transfers prior to April 4, 2020, N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 273a, 275, 276 and 278; (b) an order directing that the Prepetition Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Prepetition Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law section 276 and section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n3. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n4. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n12\n\nDated: February 14, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: /s/ Douglas S. Skalka *\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_* Douglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 dskalka@npmlaw.com plinsey@npmlaw.com *Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\n## **SCHEDULE A**\n\n### **FILED UNDER SEAL**","body_zh":"B1040（FORM 1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗程序封面表\n（背面说明） 对抗程序编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n原告 被告\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人 Petrillo Klein & Boxer LLP（Petrillo Klein & Boxer 律师事务所）\n律师（律师事务所名称、地址及电话号码） 律师\n（如已知）\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡），Patrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）\nNeubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.（纽伯特、佩佩与蒙蒂思律师事务所）\n195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510\n(203)781-2847\n当事人（仅勾选一个方框） 当事人（仅勾选一个方框）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国\n受托人/破产管理人 □ 债务人 □ 美国受托人/破产\n管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他 □ 债权人 □ 其他\nX\n□ 受托人 □ 受托人\n诉因\n（简要陈述诉因，包括所涉全部美国法条）\n第11章受托人依据《破产法典》第544、547、548、549及\n550条以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第273、274及276条，请求撤销并追回欺诈性转让、偏颇性转让及\n申请后转让，并请求相关救济的起诉状\n\n案件性质\n（最多给五（5）个方框编号，从主要诉因编号为1开始，第一备选诉因编号为2，第二备选诉因编号为3，依此类推。）\nFRBP 7001(1)－追回金钱/财产 FRBP 7001(6)－可免责性（续）\n□\n11－追回金钱/财产－§542 财产返还 □ 61－可免责性－§523(a)(5)，家庭扶养\n□\n12－追回金钱/财产－§547 偏颇性转让\n□ □\n68－可免责性－§523(a)(6)，故意且恶意的损害\n13－追回金钱/财产－§548 欺诈性转让\n□ □\n63－可免责性－§523(a)(8)，学生贷款\n□\n14－追回金钱/财产－其他 64－可免责性－§523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\n（家庭扶养义务除外）\nFRBP 7001(2)－留置权的有效性、优先权或范围\n□\n21－留置权或其他财产权益的有效性、优先权或范围 □ 65－可免责性－其他\nFRBP 7001(7)－禁令救济\nFRBP 7001(3)－批准出售财产\n□\n31－批准出售破产财团财产及共同所有人财产－§363(h) □\n71－禁令救济－施加停止令\n□ 72－禁令救济－其他\nFRBP 7001(4)－对免责提出异议/撤销免责\n□\n41－对免责提出异议/撤销免责－§727(c),(d),(e) □ FRBP 7001(8) 债权或权益次级化\n81－债权或权益次级化\nFRBP 7001(5)－撤销确认\n□\n51－撤销确认 □ FRBP 7001(9) 确认判决\n91－确认判决\nFRBP 7001(6)－可免责性\n□ FRBP 7001(10) 对移送案件的裁定\n66－可免责性－§523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税收债权\n□ □ 01－对移送债权或诉因的裁定\n62－可免责性－§523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述、\n实际欺诈\n□\n67－可免责性－§523(a)(4)，受托人身份下的欺诈、侵占、盗窃 其他\n□ SS－SIPA案件－15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\n□ 02－其他（例如，本应在州法院提起的其他诉讼\n（续于下一栏） 如与破产案件无关）\n□ 如本案涉及州法实体问题，请勾选 □ 如主张本案为根据FRCP 23提起的集体诉讼，请勾选\n□ 如起诉状中请求陪审团审判，请勾选 请求金额 \\$\n请求的其他救济\n\nB1040（FORM 1040）（12/15）\n\n本对抗程序所源自的破产案件\n\n债务人姓名 破产案件编号\nHo Wan Kwok（郭文贵） 22-50073 (JAM)\n案件待决地区 分院办事处 法官姓名\nConnecticut（康涅狄格州） Bridgeport（布里奇波特） Julie A. Manning（朱莉·A·曼宁）\n相关对抗程序（如有）\n原告 被告 对抗\n程序编号\n\n对抗程序待决地区 分院办事处 法官姓名\n\n律师（或原告）签名\n/s/ Douglas S. Skalka\n\n日期 律师（或原告）姓名正楷\nFebruary 14, 2024\nDouglas S. Skalka\n\n说明\n\n提交破产案件会在破产法院管辖下设立一个“财团”，其中包括债务人的全部财产，无论该等财产位于何处。由于破产财团范围如此广泛，且法院管辖权如此宽泛，可能会就财团的财产或财产权利提起诉讼。也可能存在关于债务人免责的诉讼。如该等诉讼在破产法院提起，即称为对抗程序。\n\n提交对抗程序的一方还必须填写并提交表格1040，即《对抗程序封面表》，除非该方通过法院的案件管理/电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提交对抗程序。（CM/ECF在提交过程中采集表格1040中的信息。）填写完成后，该封面表概述对抗程序的基本信息。法院书记员需要该等信息以处理对抗程序，并编制所需的法院活动统计报告。\n\n封面表及其中所载信息不替代或补充法律、《破产规则》或法院地方法规所要求的诉状或其他文件的提交和送达。该封面表大部分内容不言自明，必须由原告律师填写（如原告未由律师代理，则由原告填写）。每份提交的起诉状均须向书记员单独提交一份封面表。\n\n原告和被告。请准确列明原告和被告的姓名，与其在起诉状中的姓名一致。\n\n律师。如已知，请列明律师的姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。请在第一栏中为原告勾选最适当的方框，并在第二栏中为被告勾选最适当的方框。\n\n请求金额。填写起诉状中请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面表必须由登记在案的律师在表格第二页的方框内签署。如原告由律师事务所代理，则必须由该所成员签署。如原告自行诉讼，即未由律师代理，则必须由原告签署。\n美国康涅狄格州联邦破产法院布里奇波特分院\n\n----------------------------------------------------------- x\n\n关于： ：\n： 第11章\n\nHO WAN KWOK（郭文贵），\n等， ：\n： 案件编号 22-50073 (JAM)\n\n债务人。\n：\n： （合并管理）\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章\n受托人，\n诉\nPETRILLO KLEIN & BOXER LLP（PETRILLO KLEIN & BOXER 律师事务所），\n\n原告，\n\n被告。\n：\n： x\n对抗程序编号 [ ]\nFebruary 14, 2024\nx\n第11章受托人依据《破产法典》第544、548及550条以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第273、274及276条请求撤销并追回欺诈性转让及相关救济的起诉状\n\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）以其作为在Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（以下简称“债务人”或“Kwok”）的\n\n1 本第11章案件中的债务人为Ho Wan Kwok（亦称Guo Wengui、Miles Guo及Miles Kwok，以及众多其他别名）（税务识别号码后四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（税务识别号码后四位：8202）及Genever Holdings Corporation。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC及Genever Holdings Corporation的邮寄地址为Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，c/o Luc A. Despins，作为Ho Wan Kwok财团的受托人（仅用于通知和通信目的）。\n\n第11章案件（以下简称“第11章案件”）中获任命的第11章受托人（以下简称“受托人”）身份，对被告Petrillo Klein & Boxer LLP（以下简称“被告”）提交本对抗起诉状（以下简称“起诉状”），陈述如下：\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人提起本对抗程序，以撤销并追回：(a) 本第11章案件开始前对债务人财产作出的转让；及(b) 本第11章案件开始后对债务人第11章财团财产作出的、未经破产法院或《美国法典》第11编（以下简称“破产法典”）授权的转让。\n\n2. 债务人通过其另我空壳公司Lamp Capital LLC（以下简称“Lamp Capital”）及Golden Spring (New York) Limited（以下简称“Golden Spring”），于申请日前（定义见下文）向作为初始受让人的被告转让了金额为\\$925,489.90的资金。\n\n3. 该等转让构成实际欺诈性转让，因为债务人将其作为其“空壳游戏”的一部分实施，并且作出该等转让的意图是阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人的债权人。\n管辖权及审判地\n\n4. 本院根据28 U.S.C. § 1334(b)对本对抗程序具有事项管辖权。\n\n5. 本对抗程序已根据28 U.S.C. § 157(a)移送本院。\n\n6. 本文所请求救济的法定依据包括《破产法典》第544、548、549及550条以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第273、274及276条2，或任何其他适用的州法等同规定。\n当事人\n\n7. 受托人是第11章案件中的第11章受托人，依据破产法院于July 8, 2022作出的命令获任命[案件编号22-50073（以下简称“主案件”）案卷编号523]。\n\n8. 被告是一家纽约有限责任合伙企业，地址为655 Third Avenue, 22nd Floor, New York, New York 10017。\n事实\nA. 第11章案件\n\n9. 债务人于February 15, 2022向United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut（康涅狄格州联邦破产法院，以下简称“破产法院”）自愿提交根据《破产法典》第11章请求救济的申请（以下简称“申请日”），从而启动第11章案件。\n\n10. 于March 21, 2022，Office of the United States Trustee（美国受托人办公室）在本第11章案件中任命了无担保债权人官方委员会。尚未任命审查员。\n\n11. 债务人于March 2022向破产法院提交的破产清单声称，其拥有\\$3,850的资产，并已产生数亿美元的负债。3 尽管债务人确实负债累累，但其清单未披露该\n\n2 此后，所有对《纽约州债务人与债权人法》的法条引用将称为“N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law”。《纽约州统一可撤销交易法》（“NYUVT”）取代《纽约州统一欺诈性转让法》（“NYUFC”），并于April 4, 2020生效，适用于在April 4, 2020当日或之后作出的转让或承担的义务。对于April 4, 2020之前的转让，受托人在本诉讼中依据NYUFC及N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law §§273, 273-a, 274, 275, 276及278寻求救济。\n\n3 资产和负债清单，第1页[主案件案卷编号78]。\n\n债务人通过其众多另我空壳公司持有和/或转让的财产，其中包括Lamp Capital及Golden Spring。\n\n12. 于June 15, 2022，破产法院作出决定备忘录及命令[主案件案卷编号465]，指示美国受托人在第11章案件中任命一名第11章受托人。根据该命令，美国受托人选定Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）担任受托人。于July 8, 2022，破产法院作出命令，批准任命Luc A. Despins担任第11章案件的受托人[主案件案卷编号523]。\nB. 债务人对空壳公司的使用及受托人的对抗程序\n\n13. Lamp Capital及Golden Spring是债务人用以阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的众多另我空壳公司中的两家。4 多年来，债务人策划了一场“空壳游戏”，利用由家庭成员、亲信和/或下属名义持有、但实际上由债务人控制的复杂空壳公司网络。该空壳游戏使债务人能够使用、支出和/或转让数百万美元的现金及其他资产——同时向债权人隐匿其财产。\n\n14. 自获任命以来，受托人已在第11章案件中提起多项对抗程序，以便除其他事项外，确立债务人的空壳公司系其另我，和/或该等公司及其资产在衡平法上由其享有\n\n4. 本院已作出判决，认定 Golden Spring（纽约金泉有限公司）为债务人的另我。见 Despins v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited（对抗程序案号 23-5018，下称“Golden Spring 对抗程序”），Docket No. 35。受托人在此通过援引纳入受托人在 Golden Spring 对抗程序中提交的起诉状（Adv. Proc. No. 23-5018, Docket No. 1）。\n\n本院已作出判决，认定 Lamp Capital（蓝普资本有限责任公司）为债务人的另我。见 Despins v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.（Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023，下称“Lamp Capital 对抗程序”），Docket No. 66。受托人在此通过援引纳入受托人在 Lamp Capital 对抗程序中提交的起诉状（Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023, Docket No. 1）。\n\n由债务人实施，并且破产法院已在数个对抗程序中准予此类救济。5\n\n15. 这些诉讼中的事实模式一贯涉及：(i) 由债务人控制、由近亲属和/或下属持有的空壳公司，(ii) 使用来自其他债务人控制实体的现金购买的资产，和/或在空壳实体之间无偿转让的资产，以及 (iii) 债务人从该等资产中受益，并对其拥有控制权和支配权。\nC. 债务人为阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债权人而实施的行为\n\n16. 除受托人对抗程序中所处理的事项外，破产法院还认定，债务人是 Ace Decade Limited 的实益所有人（并通过该公司成为 Dawn State Limited 的实益所有人），且债务人控制并使用了 Ace Decade Limited 的名义股东 Yvette Wang（王妍）。6\n\n17. 破产法院还认定，“G Entities”（Gettr、G Fashion、G Music、GClubs、GNews 和 GEdu）、New Federal State of China（新中国联邦）和 Rule of Law Foundation（法治基金会），以及其他名义上独立的实体和组织，均受\n\n5 其中包括下列对抗程序：(i) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯潘斯），Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo（郭美）[Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited [Adv. Proc. 23- 05018]；以及 (vii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. 23-05023]。\n\n6 Order Granting Motion to Hold Debtor in Contempt of Corporate Governance Order, ¶¶ 1, 4 (Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372 (“Corp. Governance Contempt Order”)。\n\n债务人控制7，由债务人领导8，和/或“服务于……债务人的目的，并作为债务人的商业工具”。9\n\n18. 在申请日之前，United States District Court for the Southern District of New York（美国纽约南区联邦地区法院）的 Liman 法官认定，Eastern Profit Corporation Limited（东方盈利有限公司）这一实体最初由债务人的一名厨师所有，后转让给债务人的女儿，实质上是债务人的“空壳公司”。10\n\n19. 债务人为阻碍和拖延其最大债权人之一，即 Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P.（太盟亚洲机会基金有限合伙企业，下称“PAX”）的追偿工作，采取了大量措施。2017年，PAX 在 Supreme Court of the State of New York（纽约州最高法院，下称“纽约法院”）以 Index No. 652077/2017（下称“PAX 案件”）起诉债务人，请求就所欠款项作出判决。2021年2月3日，PAX 从纽约法院获得针对债务人的 \\$116,402,019.57 判决（下称“PAX 判决”）。PAX 试图通过扣押债务人的资产来执行 PAX 判决，其中包括 Lady May，债务人虚假声称该资产归其女儿所有；以及债务人在曼哈顿的豪华公寓，债务人虚假声称该公寓是为债务人的儿子以信托方式持有。债务人在判决后程序中拒不遵守纽约法院命令，最终导致其被处以 \\$134 million 的藐视法庭罚款。\n\n7 Corrected Memorandum of Decision Granting in Part Motion for Preliminary Injunction, ¶ 3 (Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032, January 13, 2023 (“债务人还控制 Saraca Media Group（萨拉卡媒体集团）及相关实体‘GTV’”)。\n\n8 同上，¶ 7（“债务人是 The Whistleblower Movement（爆料革命）、NFSC、ROLF 和 Himalaya（喜马拉雅）的领导人。”）。\n\n9 同上（“The Whistleblower Movement、NFSC、ROLF、GSeries 和 Himalaya 服务于债务人的目的，作为债务人的商业工具，其成员个人忠于债务人。”）。\n\n10 Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at *1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n20. 债务人还将其另我，包括 Lamp Capital 和 Golden Spring，作为个人钱袋使用，为其本人及其家人已习惯的奢侈生活方式提供资金，同时将资产隐藏于该等另我中以躲避债权人，并阻碍和拖延债权人就其债权获得追偿。债务人通过该等另我实施的转让，推进了债务人的欺诈计划。\n\n21. 债务人已在破产法院作证称，其资产不足以清偿债务，且其奢侈生活方式由其家人通过名义上由家庭成员持有的企业提供资金。11 债务人仅在清单中列明 \\$3,850 的资产。12\n\n22. 2023年3月，债务人被逮捕，并一直被羁押，等待就包括电信欺诈、证券欺诈和洗钱在内的联邦刑事指控受审。\n\n23. 美国政府在对债务人的刑事起诉书中主张，债务人及其共同被告“利用以至少80个不同实体或个人名义持有的500多个账户，清洗逾 \\$1 billion 的欺诈所得款项。”13\n\n24. 债务人之另我，包括 Lamp Capital 和 Golden Spring 的财产，在申请日之前的任何时候均为债务人的财产。\n\n11 Hearing on Debtor's Motion for Entry of Interim and Final DIP Orders (I) Authorizing the Debtor to Obtain Unsecured, Subordinated Postpetition Financing and (II) Scheduling Interim and Final Hearings, and (III) Granting Related Relief (Main Case, April 27, 2022)\n\n12 见 n.3\n\n13 See Memorandum of Law of the United States of America in Opposition to Defendant Yanping Wang（王妍萍）’s Motion for Pretrial Release at 29, attached as Exhibit B in the Reply of Chapter 11 Trustee to G Club Operations LLC’s Supplemental Objection to Trustee’s Motion to Compel and Request for Related Relief (June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934).\n\n25. 在与本案相关的所有期间内，债务人在纽约州纽约市开展业务，包括指示本起诉状所涉的申请前转让。\nD. 为阻碍、拖延或欺诈债权人而作出的转让\n\n26. 本起诉状所涉的转让（定义见本文）均意图阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人的债权人，因为该等转让均通过债务人的另我空壳公司作出，而该等公司作为债务人空壳游戏的一部分运营。\n\n27. 债务人故意以这种方式安排其财务事务，以便隐藏和耗散数百万美元资产，同时向其众多债权人虚假地声称自己贫困。债务人声称自己一贫如洗，却同时大额支出，以维持其本人、家庭成员和亲密同伙的亿万富翁生活方式。\n\n28. 债务人隐藏和耗散的资产包括其从加密货币、证券及其他欺诈计划受害人处取得的资金。因此，债务人在 United States District Court for the Southern District of New York 面临一宗待决刑事案件中的多项重罪欺诈、洗钱及敲诈勒索指控。见 United States v. Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.)。\n\n29. 债务人明知并意图通过以该方式隐藏和耗散其资产，使其不再有足够资产偿还债权人，包括其欺诈行为的众多受害人。因此，该等转让必然是以阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人债权人的意图作出的。\n\n30. 被告是一家律师事务所，曾代理债务人，包括在 PAX 案件中代理债务人；债务人在该案件中试图阻碍、拖延或欺诈其债权人之一，即 PAX。\nE. 向被告作出的转让\n\n31. 在申请日之前，债务人使用其另我空壳公司 Golden Spring 和 Lamp Capital，或以其他方式，将债务人的财产转让给被告（统称“转让”），包括但不限于如下转让：\n\n见随附并构成本文件一部分的附表 A。\n\n32. 在作出转让时，债务人对债务人破产财产的债权人负有未清偿义务。\n\n33. 被告是该等转让的初始受让人。\n第一项请求\n（依据《破产法》第 548(a)(1)(A) 条和第 550(a) 条撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让的请求）\n\n34. 受托人重复陈述并再次主张第1至33段所载指控，如同在本文中完整载明。\n\n35. 债务人通过其另我 Golden Spring 和 Lamp Capital，以实际阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图作出该等转让。\n\n36. 债务人在实施转让时阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图，尤其可由下列事实证明：\n\na. 该等转让使用另我空壳公司实施；\n\nb. 该等转让向债务人的债权人隐瞒；\n\nc. 该等转让是债务人“空壳游戏”的一部分，在其控制的家庭成员及其他亲信和下属协助下实施，以图隐藏和遮蔽资产；\n\nd. 该等转让推进了债务人的欺诈行为，使债务人能够从其欺诈中受益，而不使其财产受到债权人追索；\n\ne. 该等转让推进了债务人的欺诈行为，使债务人能够从其欺诈中获利，而不使其财产受到债权人追索；\n\nf. 在作出转让时，债务人正被起诉，包括被 PAX 在 PAX 案件中起诉；以及\n\ng. 在作出转让时，债务人无力偿债或资本不足。\n\n37. 受托人可依据《破产法》第 548(a)(1)(A) 条撤销该等转让，并可依据《破产法》第 550(a) 条追回该等转让。\n第二项请求\n（依据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law 第 273、274 和 276 条，以及《破产法》第 544(b) 条和第 550(a) 条撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让的请求）\n\n38. 受托人重复陈述并再次主张第1至33段所载指控，如同在本文中完整载明。\n\n39. 债务人通过其另我 Golden Spring 和 Lamp Capital，以实际阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图作出该等转让。\n\n40. 债务人在实施转让时阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图，尤其可由下列事实证明：\n\na. 该等转让使用另我空壳公司实施；\n\nb. 该等转让向债务人的债权人隐瞒；\n\nc. 该等转让是债务人“空壳游戏”的一部分，在其控制的家庭成员及其他亲信和下属协助下实施，以图隐藏和遮蔽资产；\n\nd. 该等转让推进了债务人的欺诈行为，使债务人能够从其欺诈中受益，而不使其财产受到债权人追索；\n\ne. 该等转让推进了债务人的欺诈行为，使债务人能够从其欺诈中获利，而不使其财产受到债权人追索；\n\nf. 在转让发生时，债务人正遭受诉讼，包括 PAX（帕克斯）在 PAX 案中提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在转让发生时，债务人已无力偿债或资本不足。\n\n41. 根据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276 以及《破产法》section 544(b)，受托人可撤销该等转让；并可根据《破产法》section 550(a) 追回该等转让。\n\n[本页其余部分有意留白。]\n\n救济请求\n\n因此，基于上述理由，受托人谨请求作出如下判决：\n\n1. 就第一项请求，（a）作出命令，宣告金额不少于 $925,489.90 的申请破产前转让根据《破产法》section 548(a)(1)(A) 予以撤销；（b）作出命令，责令撤销该等申请破产前转让；以及（c）根据《破产法》section 550(a)(1)，为债务人财产的利益，向被告追回该等申请破产前转让，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n2. 就第二项请求，（a）作出命令，宣告金额不少于 $925,489.90 的申请破产前转让根据《破产法》section 544(b) 以及 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2), 274 and 276，且就 2020年4月4日之前的转让而言，根据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 273a, 275, 276 and 278，予以撤销；（b）作出命令，责令撤销该等申请破产前转让；以及（c）根据 N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law section 276 及《破产法》section 550(a)(1)，为债务人财产的利益，向被告追回该等申请破产前转让，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n3. 判令受托人自提交本起诉状之日起至本案判决之日止，按法定最高利率获得判决前利息；以及\n\n4. 法院在该等情形下认为公正、适当或衡平的其他及进一步救济。\n\n日期：February 14, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平）\n第11章受托人\n\n签署人：/s/ Douglas S. Skalka\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡）(ct00616)\nPatrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）(ct29437)\nNEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.（诺伊伯特、佩佩及蒙泰思律师事务所）\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor\nNew Haven, Connecticut 06510\n(203) 781-2847\ndskalka@npmlaw.com\nplinsey@npmlaw.com\n第11章受托人的代理律师\n\n附表 A\n\n密封提交","key_entities":["Despins","Kwok","Je","Ho Wan Kwok","Guo","Himalaya","Miles Guo","Yanping Wang","HCHK","GTV","Saraca","GETTR","Paul Hastings","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[{"doc_number":215,"court":"CTB"}],"word_count":4544,"status":"published","published_at":null,"created_at":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-23 19:58:21"}