{"id":"court_ctb_2840_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":2840,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":"2024-02-14","title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse) | | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | |\n|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS | DEFENDANTS | | | |\n| Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee | Hou Yuan Chan | | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.) | ATTORNEYS
(If Known) | | | |\n| Douglas S. Skalka, Patrick R. Linsey
Neubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.
195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510
(203)781-2847 | | | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only) | | PARTY (Check One Box Only) | | |\n| □ Debtor
□ U.S.
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin | □ Debtor | □ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin | | |\n| □ Creditor
□ Other | □ Creditor | □ Other | | |\n| □ Trustee | □ Trustee | | | |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION
(WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED)
Complaint of Chapter 11 Trustee seeking avoidance and recovery of fraudulent transfers and related relief pursuant
to Bankruptcy Code Sections 544,548, and 550 and New York Debtor and Creditor Law Sections 273, 274, and 276 | | | | |\n| NATURE OF SUIT | | | | |\n| (Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property
□ | □ | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued) | | |\n| 11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property
□ | □ | 61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support | | |\n| 12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference
□ | □ | 68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury | | |\n| 13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
□
14-Recovery of money/property - other | □ | 63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan
64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation | | |\n| | | (other than domestic support) | | |\n| FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
□
21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property | □ | 65-Dischargeability - other | | |\n| | | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief | | |\n| FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property
□
31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h) | □
71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay
□ | | | |\n| | | 72-Injunctive relief – other | | |\n| FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge
□ | | FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest | | |\n| 41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e) | □ | 81-Subordination of claim or interest | | |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation | | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment | | |\n| □
51-Revocation of confirmation | □ | 91-Declaratory judgment | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability | | | | |\n| □
66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims | □ | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action
01-Determination of removed claim or cause | | |\n| □
62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation, | | | | |\n| actual fraud
□ | Other
□ | | | |\n| 67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny | □ | SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq. | | |\n| (continued next column) | | 02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court
if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | |\n| □ Check if this case involves a substantive issue of state law | | □ Check if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23 | | |\n| □ Check if a jury trial is demanded in complaint | Demand \\$ | | | |\n| Other Relief Sought | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n\n#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | | |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------|------------------|--|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR | | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO. | | | |\n| Ho Wan Kwok | | 22-50073 (JAM) | | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | | |\n| Connecticut | | Bridgeport | Julie A. Manning | | |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFF | DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY | | |\n| | | | PROCEEDING NO. | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| /s/ Patrick R. Linsey | | | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| DATE | | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | |\n| | | Patrick R. Linsey | | | |\n| February , 2024 | | | | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n# **hhhUNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | | x |\n|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|------------------------------|\n| In re: | :
: | Chapter 11 |\n| 1
HO WAN KWOK,
et al., | :
: | Case No. 22-50073 (JAM) |\n| | :
Debtors.
:
: | (Jointly Administered) |\n| -----------------------------------------------------------
LUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11
TRUSTEE,
v. | :
:
:
:
Plaintiff,
:
: | x
Adv. Proceeding No. [ ] |\n| HOU YUAN CHAN, | :
:
:
: | February 14, 2024 |\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | Defendant.
:
: | x |\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF FRAUDULENT TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 544, 548 AND 550 AND NEW YORK DEBTOR & CREDITOR LAW SECTIONS 273, 274, AND 276**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the\n\nchapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this\n\n1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\nadversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant Hou Yan Chan (the \"Defendant\"), stating as follows:\n\n## **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding to avoid and recover transfers of the Debtor's property prior to the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case.\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter-ego shell company, Rule of Law Society IV Inc. (\"Rule of Law\") transferred funds in the amount of \\$100,000.00 prior to the Petition Date (as defined herein) to the Defendant as the initial transferee.\n\n3. This transfer was actually fraudulent, because the Debtor effectuated it as part of his \"shell game,\" and it was made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n## **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b).\n\n5. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(a).\n\n6. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include sections 544, 548 and 550 of Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\") and New York Debtor & Creditor Law sections 273, 274, and 276 2 or any other applicable state law equivalents.\n\n2 All statutory references to New York Debtor and Creditor Law will hereinafter be referred to as \"N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law\". The New York Uniform Voidable Transactions Act (\"NYUVT\") replaced the New York Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act (\"NYUFC\") and became effective on April 4, 2020 and applies to transfers made or obligations incurred on or after April 4, 2020. With respect to transfers prior to April 4,2020, the Trustee seeks relief in this action under the NYUFC and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 273a, 275, 276 and 278.\n\n#### **THE PARTIES**\n\n7. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n8. The Defendant is an individual with an address located at No. 102 Sangu Qigu District Tainan City 724, Taiwan.\n\n#### **FACTS**\n\n#### **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n9. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\") on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the above-captioned chapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\").\n\n10. On March 21, 2022, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n11. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities.3 While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and/or transferred through his many alter-ego shell companies, including Rule of Law.\n\n12. On June 15, 2022, the Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the\n\n3 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 [Main Case Docket No. 78].\n\nTrustee. On July 8, 2022, the Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n#### **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n13. Rule of Law is one of the numerous alter ego shell companies used by the Debtor to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors.4 For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members, lieutenants, and/or subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use and spend and/or transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets.\n\n14. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell companies were his alter-egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several adversary proceedings, the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief.5\n\n15. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from other Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n4 The Trustee has or will imminently commence an adversary proceeding against Rule of Law, which adversary proceeding seeks, among other things, a declaratory judgment that Rule of Law was the alter ego of the Debtor. The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in such adversary proceeding.\n\n5 These include the following adversary proceedings: (i) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23- 05017]; (vi) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited* [Adv. Proc. 23-05018]; and (vii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. 23-05023].\n\n## **C. Debtor's Conduct to Hinder, Delay, and/or Defraud Creditors**\n\n16. In addition to the matters addressed in the Trustee's adversary proceedings, the Bankruptcy Court has found that the Debtor was the beneficial owner of Ace Decade Limited (and through it, Dawn State Limited) and that the Debtor controlled and employed Ace Decade Limited's nominee shareholder, Yvette Wang.6\n\n17. The Bankruptcy Court has also found that the \"G Entities\" (Gettr, G Fashion, G Music, GClubs, GNews and GEdu), the New Federal State of China and the Rule of Law Foundation, as well as other purportedly independent entities and organizations, were controlled by the Debtor,7 led by the Debtor8 and/or served \"the purposes of… and as business vehicles of\" the Debtor.9\n\n18. Prior to the Petition Date, Judge Liman of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York found that Eastern Profit Corporation Limited, an entity originally owned by one of the Debtor's chefs before its transfer to Debtor's daughter, was \"in essence, a shell corporation\" for the Debtor.10\n\n19. The Debtor has gone to great lengths to hinder and delay the collection efforts of one of his largest creditors, *i.e.*, Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P. (\"PAX\"). In 2017, PAX sued the Debtor in the Supreme Court of the State of New York (the \"New York Court\"),\n\n6 *Order Granting Motion to Hold Debtor in Contempt of Corporate Governance Order,* ¶¶ 1, 4 (Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372 (\"Corp. Governance Contempt Order\").\n\n7 *Corrected Memorandum of Decision Granting in Part Motion for Preliminary Injunction*, ¶ 3 (Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032, January 13, 2023 (\"The Debtor also controls Saraca Media Group and a related entity 'GTV'\").\n\n8 *Id*. at ¶ 7 (\"The Debtor is the leader of The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF and Himalaya.\").\n\n9 *Id*. (\"The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF, GSeries, and Himalaya serve the purposes of the Debtor, serve as business vehicles for the Debtor, and their members are personally loyal to the Debtor.\").\n\n10 *Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC*, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\nIndex No. 652077/2017 (the \"PAX Case\"), seeking judgment for monies owed. On February 3, 2021, PAX obtained a judgment from the New York Court against the Debtor in the sum of \\$116,402,019.57 (the \"PAX Judgment\"). PAX sought to enforce the PAX Judgment by levying the Debtor's assets—including the Lady May, which the Debtor falsely claimed was owned by his daughter, and the Debtor's luxury apartment in Manhattan, which the Debtor falsely claimed was held in trust for the Debtor's son. The Debtor's defiance of New York Court orders in postjudgment proceedings eventually resulted in the Debtor incurring contempt penalties of \\$134 million.\n\n20. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including Rule of Law, as personal piggybanks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries on their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos perpetuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme.\n\n21. The Debtor has testified before the Bankruptcy Court that he has insufficient assets to pay his liabilities and that his luxurious lifestyle is funded by his family through businesses nominally held by family members.11 The Debtor scheduled only \\$3,850 in assets.12\n\n22. In March 2023, the Debtor was arrested and remains confined pending his trial on federal criminal charges of, among other things, wire fraud, securities fraud, and money laundering.\n\n11 Hearing on Debtor's Motion for Entry of Interim and Final DIP Orders (I) Authorizing the Debtor to Obtain Unsecured, Subordinated Postpetition Financing and (II) Scheduling Interim and Final Hearings, and (III) Granting Related Relief (Main Case, April 27, 2022)\n\n12 *See* n.3\n\n23. In its criminal indictment of the Debtor, the United States Government asserts that the Debtor and his co-defendants \"utilized more than approximately 500 accounts held in the names of *at least 80 different entities or individuals* to launder more than \\$1 billion in fraud proceeds.\"13\n\n24. The property of the Debtor's alter egos, including Rule of Law, was at all times prior to the Petition Date property of the Debtor.\n\n25. At all times relevant herein, the Debtor conducted business in New York, New York, including direction of the transfers at issue in this action.\n\n#### **D. Transfers Made with Intent to Hinder, Delay, or Defraud Creditors**\n\n26. The Transfer at issue in this Complaint was made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors inasmuch as they were all made through the Debtor's alterego shell companies operated as a part of the Debtor's shell game.\n\n27. The Debtor intentionally orchestrated his financial affairs in this manner in order to conceal and dissipate millions of dollars in assets while falsely pleading poverty to his many creditors. The Debtor claimed to be destitute while simultaneously spending heavily to maintain a billionaire lifestyle for himself and for his family members and close associates.\n\n28. The assets concealed and dissipated by the Debtor included funds that he obtained from the victims of his cryptocurrency, securities, and other fraud schemes. As a result of this conduct, the Debtor faces multiple felony fraud, money laundering, and racketeering charges in a\n\n13 *See* Memorandum of Law of the United States of America in Opposition to Defendant Yanping Wang's Motion for Pretrial Release at 29, attached as Exhibit B in the Reply of Chapter 11 Trustee to G Club Operations LLC's Supplemental Objection to Trustee's Motion to Compel and Request for Related Relief (June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934).\n\ncriminal case pending in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. *See United States v. Ho Wan Kwok*, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.).\n\n29. The Debtor knew and intended that by concealing and dissipating his assets in this manner there would not be sufficient assets remaining to repay his creditors—including the many victims of his frauds. This transfer was thus necessarily made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n## **E. Transfers to the Defendant**\n\n30. Prior to the Petition Date, the Debtor, using his alter ego shell companies including Rule of Law, or otherwise, transferred the Debtor's property to the Defendant (collectively, the \"Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n31. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of the Debtor's estate.\n\n32. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfers.\n\n#### **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers Pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 548(a)(1)(A) and 550(a))**\n\n33. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-32 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n34. The Transfers were made by the Debtor through his alter ego, Rule of Law, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n35. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the Transfers is shown by, among other things:\n\na. The Transfers were effectuated using alter-ego shell companies;\n\nb. The Transfers was concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\n- e. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n- f. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\t- g. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n36. The Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to section 548(a)(i)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code and are recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n## **SECOND CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 274, and 276, and Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) and 550(a))**\n\n37. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-32 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n38. The Transfers were made by the Debtor, through his alter ego companies, Rule of Law, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n39. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the\n\nTransfer is shown by, among other things:\n\na. The Transfers were effectuated using alter-ego shell companies;\n\nb. The Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n40. The Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276, and section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n#### **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. On the First Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfer in an amount not less than \\$100,000.00 is avoided pursuant to section 548(a)(1)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code; (b) an order directing that the Transfer be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfer, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. On the Second Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$100,000.00 are avoided pursuant to section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2), 274 and 276; (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law section 276 and section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n3. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n4. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n11\n\nDated: February 14, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: */s/ Patrick R. Linsey* Douglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 dskalka@npmlaw.com plinsey@npmlaw.com *Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\nCase 22-50073 Doc 2840 Filed 02/14/24 Entered 02/14/24 13:29:43 Page 15 of 15\n\n# **SCHEDULE A**\n\n**FILED UNDER SEAL**","body_zh":"B1040（FORM 1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗程序封面页\n（背面说明） 对抗程序编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n原告 被告\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A. 德斯平斯），第11章受托人 Hou Yuan Chan（陈厚源）\n律师（律所名称、地址及电话号码） 律师\n（如知悉）\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S. 斯卡尔卡），Patrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R. 林赛）\nNeubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.（诺伊伯特、佩佩及蒙蒂思专业公司）\n195 Church St. 13th Floor New Haven, CT 06510\n(203)781-2847\n当事人（仅勾选一个方框） 当事人（仅勾选一个方框）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国\n受托人/破产管理人 □ 债务人 □ 美国受托人/破产\n管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他 □ 债权人 □ 其他\n□ 受托人 □ 受托人\n诉因\n（简要说明诉因，包括所涉全部美国法令）\n第11章受托人根据《破产法典》第544、548及550条以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第273、274及276条，\n请求撤销并追回欺诈性转让及相关救济的起诉状\n诉讼性质\n（从主要诉因作为第1项、第一备选诉因作为第2项、第二备选诉因作为第3项等开始，最多编号五（5）个方框。）\nFRBP 7001(1) – 追回金钱/财产\n□ □ FRBP 7001(6) – 可免责性（续）\n11-追回金钱/财产 - §542 财产返还\n□ □ 61-可免责性 - §523(a)(5)，家庭扶养\n12-追回金钱/财产 - §547 偏颇清偿\n□ □ 68-可免责性 - §523(a)(6)，故意且恶意造成的损害\n13-追回金钱/财产 - §548 欺诈性转让\n□\n14-追回金钱/财产 - 其他 □ 63-可免责性 - §523(a)(8)，学生贷款\n64-可免责性 - §523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\n（家庭扶养义务除外）\nFRBP 7001(2) – 留置权的效力、优先顺位或范围\n□\n21-留置权或其他财产权益的效力、优先顺位或范围 □ 65-可免责性 - 其他\nFRBP 7001(7) – 禁令救济\nFRBP 7001(3) – 批准出售财产\n□\n31-批准出售破产财产及共同所有人财产 - §363(h) □\n71-禁令救济 – 实施中止\n□\n72-禁令救济 – 其他\nFRBP 7001(4) – 对免责提出异议/撤销免责\n□ FRBP 7001(8) 债权或权益的劣后\n41-对免责提出异议/撤销免责 - §727(c),(d),(e) □ 81-债权或权益的劣后\nFRBP 7001(5) – 撤销确认 FRBP 7001(9) 确认之诉\n□\n51-撤销确认 □ 91-确认之诉\nFRBP 7001(6) – 可免责性\n□\n66-可免责性 - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税款债权 □ FRBP 7001(10) 对移送诉讼的裁定\n01-对移送债权或诉因的裁定\n□\n62-可免责性 - §523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述、\n实际欺诈\n□ 其他\n□\n67-可免责性 - §523(a)(4)，作为受托人的欺诈、侵占、盗窃 □ SS-SIPA案件 – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\n（续下栏） 02-其他（例如，如与破产案件无关本会在州法院提起的其他诉讼\n）\n□ 如本案涉及州法实体争议，请勾选 □ 如主张本案为根据FRCP 23提起的集体诉讼，请勾选\n□ 如起诉状中请求陪审团审判，请勾选 请求金额 \\$\n请求的其他救济\n\nB1040（FORM 1040）（12/15）\n\n本对抗程序所由产生的破产案件\n\n债务人姓名 破产案件编号\nHo Wan Kwok（郭文贵） 22-50073 (JAM)\n案件待决地区 分院办事处 法官姓名\nConnecticut（康涅狄格州） Bridgeport（布里奇波特） Julie A. Manning（朱莉·A. 曼宁）\n相关对抗程序（如有）\n原告 被告 对抗\n程序编号\n\n对抗程序待决地区 分院办事处 法官姓名\n\n律师（或原告）签名\n\n/s/ Patrick R. Linsey\n\n日期 律师（或原告）姓名正楷\nPatrick R. Linsey\nFebruary , 2024\n说明\n\n提交破产案件会在破产法院管辖下设立“财产池”，其由债务人的全部财产构成，无论该等财产位于何处。由于破产财产池范围广泛且法院管辖权广泛，可能会发生有关财产池财产或财产权利的诉讼。还可能发生有关债务人免责的诉讼。如在破产法院提起该等诉讼，称为对抗程序。\n\n提起对抗程序的一方还必须填写并提交表格1040，即《对抗程序封面页》，但该方通过法院案件管理/电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提起对抗程序的除外。（CM/ECF在提交程序中采集表格1040中的信息。）填写完成后，封面页概述对抗程序的基本信息。法院书记官需要该信息以处理对抗程序，并编制所要求的法院活动统计报告。\n\n封面页及其中所载信息并不替代或补充法律、《破产程序规则》或法院地方法规所要求提交和送达的诉状或其他文件。该封面页大致不言自明，必须由原告的律师填写（如原告未由律师代理，则由原告填写）。每一份提交的起诉状均须向书记官另行提交一份封面页。\n\n原告和被告。请准确列出原告和被告在起诉状中所载的姓名。\n\n律师。如知悉，请列出律师的姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。请在第一栏中为原告勾选最适当的方框，并在第二栏中为被告勾选最适当的方框。\n\n请求金额。填写起诉状中所请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面页必须由记录在案的律师在表格第二页的方框内签署。如原告由律师事务所代理，必须由该事务所的一名成员签署。如原告为自行诉讼，即未由律师代理，则必须由原告签署。\n美利坚合众国破产法院 康涅狄格州地区 布里奇波特分院\n\n----------------------------------------------------------- x\n\n关于： ：\n： 第11章\n\nHO WAN KWOK（郭文贵），\n等， ：\n： 案件编号：22-50073 (JAM)\n\n债务人。\n：\n： （合并管理）\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A. 德斯平斯），第11章\n受托人，\n诉 ：\n：\n：\n：\n原告，\n：\n： x\n对抗程序编号：[ ]\nHOU YUAN CHAN（陈厚源）， ：\n：\n：\n： February 14, 2024\n----------------------------------------------------------- 被告。\n：\n： x\n第11章受托人根据《破产法典》第544、548及550条以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第273、274及276条请求撤销并追回欺诈性转让及相关救济的起诉状\n\nLuc A. Despins，以其在Ho Wan Kwok（“债务人”或“Kwok”）第11章案件（“第11章案件”）中获任命的第11章受托人（“受托人”）身份，提交本\n\n1 本第11章案件中的债务人为Ho Wan Kwok（亦称Guo Wengui、Miles Guo和Miles Kwok，以及其他众多别名）（税务识别号码后四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（吉尼弗控股有限责任公司）（税务识别号码后四位：8202）及Genever Holdings Corporation（吉尼弗控股公司）。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC及Genever Holdings Corporation的邮寄地址为Paul Hastings LLP（保罗·黑斯廷斯律师事务所），200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，转交Luc A. Despins，作为Ho Wan Kwok财产池的受托人（仅用于通知和通信目的）。\n\n对被告Hou Yan Chan（“被告”）的对抗起诉状（“起诉状”），陈述如下：\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人提起本对抗程序，以撤销并追回本第11章案件启动前对债务人财产作出的转让。\n\n2. 债务人通过其替身空壳公司Rule of Law Society IV Inc.（“Rule of Law”），在申请日（定义如下）前向作为初始受让人的被告转让了金额为\\$100,000.00的资金。\n\n3. 该转让构成实际欺诈，因为债务人将其作为其“空壳游戏”的一部分实施，并且该转让系意图阻碍、拖延及/或欺诈债务人的债权人而作出。\n管辖权和审判地\n\n4. 本院根据28 U.S.C. § 1334(b)对本对抗程序具有事项管辖权。\n\n5. 本对抗程序已根据28 U.S.C. § 157(a)移交本院审理。\n\n6. 本文所请求救济的法定依据包括《美国法典》第11编第544、548及550条（“破产法典”）以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第273、274及276条2，或任何其他适用的州法对应规定。\n\n2 此后，对《纽约州债务人与债权人法》的所有法定引用均称为“N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law”。《纽约州统一可撤销交易法》（“NYUVT”）取代了《纽约州统一欺诈性让与法》（“NYUFC”），并于April 4, 2020生效，适用于在April 4, 2020当日或之后作出的转让或承担的义务。对于April 4,2020之前的转让，受托人在本诉讼中根据NYUFC及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第273、273a、275、276及278条请求救济。\n当事人\n\n7. 受托人系第11章案件中的第11章受托人，系根据破产法院于July 8, 2022录入的裁定[Case No. 22-50073（“主案件”）Docket No. 523]获任命。\n\n8. 被告为个人，其地址位于No. 102 Sangu Qigu District Tainan City 724, Taiwan。\n事实\nA. 第11章案件\n\n9. 债务人于February 15, 2022在United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut（康涅狄格联邦破产法院）根据《美国法典》第11编第11章（“破产法典”）提交了自愿救济申请（“申请日”），从而启动了上述标题所示的第11章案件（“第11章案件”）。\n\n10. 于March 21, 2022，美国受托人办公室在本第11章案件中任命了无担保债权人正式委员会。尚未任命审查员。\n\n11. 债务人于March 2022向破产法院提交的破产财产清单称，其拥有\\$3,850资产，并产生了数亿美元负债。3 虽然债务人确实负债累累，但其财产清单未披露由其众多替身空壳公司（包括Rule of Law）持有及/或转让的债务人财产。\n\n12. 于June 15, 2022，法院作出决定备忘录及命令[主案件Docket No. 465]，指示美国受托人在第11章案件中任命一名第11章受托人。根据该命令，美国受托人选定Luc A. Despins担任\n\n3 《资产和负债清单》，第1页[主案件Docket No. 78]。\n\n受托人。于July 8, 2022，法院作出命令，批准任命Luc A. Despins担任第11章案件的受托人[主案件Docket No. 523]。\nB. 债务人对空壳公司的使用及受托人的对抗程序\n\n13. Rule of Law是债务人用于阻碍、拖延及/或欺诈其债权人的众多替身空壳公司之一。4 多年来，债务人一直策划一场“空壳游戏”，利用由家庭成员、亲信及/或下属名义持有、但实际受债务人控制的复杂空壳公司网络。该空壳游戏使债务人得以使用、支出及/或转让数百万美元现金和其他资产。\n\n14. 自获任命以来，受托人已在第11章案件中提起多项对抗程序，其中包括确立债务人的空壳公司系其替身及/或该等公司及其资产由债务人享有衡平所有权；且在数项对抗程序中，破产法院已授予该等救济。5\n\n15. 这些诉讼中的事实模式一贯涉及：(i) 由债务人控制、由近亲属和/或下属持有的空壳公司；(ii) 使用来自其他债务人控制实体的现金购买的资产，和/或无偿转让给空壳实体及在空壳实体之间转让的资产；以及 (iii) 债务人从该等资产中获益，并对该等资产享有控制权和支配权。\n\n4. 受托人已经或将立即对 Rule of Law（法治）提起对抗程序；该对抗程序除其他事项外，寻求一项确认判决，确认 Rule of Law 是债务人的另我。受托人通过援引方式将其在该对抗程序中提交的起诉状并入本文。\n\n5. 这些对抗程序包括：(i) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人诉 HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC（香港国际基金投资〈美国〉有限责任公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Greenwich Land LLC（格林威治土地有限责任公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Mei Guo（郭梅）案 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 HCHK Technologies, Inc.（HCHK科技公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Taurus Fund LLC（金牛基金有限责任公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Golden Spring (New York) Limited（黄金泉〈纽约〉有限公司）案 [Adv. Proc. 23-05018]；以及 (vii) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Lamp Capital LLC（兰普资本有限责任公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. 23-05023]。\n\nC. 债务人为阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债权人而实施的行为\n\n16. 除受托人对抗程序中所处理的事项外，破产法院还认定，债务人是 Ace Decade Limited（艾斯十年有限公司）的受益所有人（并通过该公司成为 Dawn State Limited（曙光州有限公司）的受益所有人），且债务人控制并利用了 Ace Decade Limited 的名义股东 Yvette Wang（伊薇特·王）。6\n\n6. 关于准许以违反公司治理命令为由认定债务人藐视法庭之动议的命令，第¶¶ 1、4段（Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372（“Corp. Governance Contempt Order”）。\n\n17. 破产法院还认定，“G Entities”（Gettr（盖特尔）、G Fashion（G时尚）、G Music（G音乐）、GClubs（G俱乐部）、GNews（G新闻）和 GEdu（G教育））、New Federal State of China（新中国联邦）及 Rule of Law Foundation（法治基金会），以及其他名义上独立的实体和组织，均受债务人控制，7 由债务人领导8，和/或服务于债务人的“目的……并作为债务人的商业工具”。9\n\n7. 经更正的部分准许初步禁令动议之裁决备忘录，第¶ 3段（Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032, January 13, 2023（“债务人还控制 Saraca Media Group（萨拉卡媒体集团）及关联实体‘GTV’。”）。\n\n8. 同上，第¶ 7段（“债务人是 The Whistleblower Movement（爆料革命）、NFSC、ROLF 和 Himalaya（喜马拉雅）的领导人。”）。\n\n9. 同上（“The Whistleblower Movement、NFSC、ROLF、GSeries 和 Himalaya 服务于债务人的目的，作为债务人的商业工具，其成员个人效忠于债务人。”）。\n\n18. 在申请日之前，United States District Court for the Southern District of New York（美国纽约南区联邦地区法院）的 Liman 法官认定，Eastern Profit Corporation Limited（东方利润有限公司）——该实体最初由债务人的一名厨师所有，后转让给债务人的女儿——实质上是债务人的“一家空壳公司”。10\n\n10. Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at *1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n19. 债务人竭尽全力阻碍和拖延其最大债权人之一，即 Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P.（太平洋联盟亚洲机会基金有限合伙企业，“PAX”）的追偿努力。2017年，PAX 在 Supreme Court of the State of New York（纽约州最高法院，以下简称“New York Court”）起诉债务人，Index No. 652077/2017（以下简称“PAX Case”），请求就所欠款项作出判决。2021年2月3日，PAX 从纽约法院取得针对债务人的 $116,402,019.57 判决（以下简称“PAX Judgment”）。PAX 试图通过扣押债务人的资产来执行 PAX 判决——包括 Lady May（“五月女士”号），债务人虚假声称该游艇由其女儿所有；以及债务人在曼哈顿的豪华公寓，债务人虚假声称该公寓为其儿子以信托方式持有。债务人在判决后程序中蔑视纽约法院命令，最终导致其承担 $134 million 的藐视法庭罚款。\n\n20. 债务人还将包括 Rule of Law 在内的其另我作为个人钱袋，用于资助其本人及其家人已习惯的奢华生活方式，同时向其债权人隐匿置于这些另我名下的资产，并阻碍和拖延债权人就其债权获得清偿。债务人通过这些另我实施的转让延续了债务人的欺诈计划。\n\n21. 债务人已在破产法院作证称，其资产不足以偿还其负债，且其奢华生活方式由其家人通过名义上由家庭成员持有的企业提供资金。11 债务人仅申报 $3,850 的资产。12\n\n11. 关于债务人申请作出临时及最终 DIP 命令的听证会：(I) 授权债务人取得无担保、次级的申请后融资；(II) 安排临时及最终听证会；以及 (III) 给予相关救济（主案，April 27, 2022）\n\n12. 见注3。\n\n22. 2023年3月，债务人被逮捕，并在就包括电信欺诈、证券欺诈和洗钱在内的联邦刑事指控受审前，仍被羁押。\n\n23. United States Government（美国政府）在其针对债务人的刑事起诉书中主张，债务人及其共同被告“利用以至少80个不同实体或个人名义持有的约500多个账户，对超过 $1 billion 的欺诈所得进行洗钱。”13\n\n13. 见 United States of America 就反对被告 Yanping Wang（王雁平）审前释放动议提交的法律备忘录，第29页，该备忘录作为附件B附于第11章受托人就 G Club Operations LLC（G俱乐部运营有限责任公司）对受托人强制履行动议及相关救济请求提出的补充异议所作答复中（June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934）。\n\n24. 债务人另我的财产，包括 Rule of Law 的财产，在申请日之前的任何时候均为债务人的财产。\n\n25. 在与本文有关的所有期间内，债务人在 New York, New York 从事经营活动，包括指示实施本案所涉转让。\n\nD. 为阻碍、拖延或欺诈债权人而作出的转让\n\n26. 本起诉状所涉转让系意图阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人的债权人而作出，因为该等转让均通过作为债务人空壳公司把戏一部分运营的债务人另我空壳公司作出。\n\n27. 债务人故意以此方式安排其财务事务，以便在向其众多债权人虚假声称贫困的同时，隐匿和耗散数百万美元资产。债务人声称自己一贫如洗，却同时大量支出，以维持其本人、家庭成员和亲密同事的亿万富翁生活方式。\n\n28. 债务人隐匿和耗散的资产包括其从其加密货币、证券及其他欺诈计划受害人处取得的资金。由于该等行为，债务人在 United States District Court for the Southern District of New York 待决的一宗刑事案件中面临多项重罪欺诈、洗钱和敲诈勒索指控。见 United States v. Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.)。\n\n29. 债务人明知且意图通过以此方式隐匿和耗散其资产，将不会留下足够资产偿还其债权人——包括其众多欺诈行为的受害人。因此，该转让必然是为阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人的债权人而作出。\n\nE. 向被告作出的转让\n\n30. 在申请日之前，债务人使用包括 Rule of Law 在内的其另我空壳公司，或以其他方式，向被告转让债务人的财产（统称为“Transfers”），包括但不限于如下：\n\n见随附并构成本文件一部分的 SCHEDULE A（附表A）。\n\n31. 在转让时，债务人对债务人财产的债权人负有未清偿义务。\n\n32. 被告是该等转让的初始受让人。\n\n第一项请求\n\n（依据 Bankruptcy Code sections 548(a)(1)(A) and 550(a) 撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让的请求）\n\n33. 受托人重述并再次主张第1至32段所载的指称，如同在本文中完整列明。\n\n34. 该等转让由债务人通过其另我 Rule of Law 作出，具有阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的实际意图。\n\n35. 债务人在实施该等转让时阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，表现在：\n\na. 该等转让使用另我空壳公司实施；\n\nb. 该等转让向债务人的债权人隐瞒；\n\nc. 该等转让作为债务人“空壳公司把戏”的一部分实施，并在债务人控制的家庭成员及其他亲信和下属协助下，意图隐匿和保护资产；\n\nd. 该等转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈中获益，而不使其财产处于其债权人可追及的范围内，进一步促成了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 该等转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈中牟利，而不使其财产处于其债权人可追及的范围内，进一步促成了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在该等转让时，债务人正被起诉，包括 PAX 在 PAX Case 中对其提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在该等转让时，债务人已无力偿债或资本不足。\n\n36. 该等转让可由受托人依据 Bankruptcy Code section 548(a)(i)(A) 撤销，并可依据 Bankruptcy Code section 550(a) 追回。\n\n第二项请求\n\n（依据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 274, and 276，以及 Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) and 550(a) 撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让的请求）\n\n37. 受托人重述并再次主张第1至32段所载的指称，如同在本文中完整列明。\n\n38. 该等转让由债务人通过其另我公司 Rule of Law 作出，具有阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的实际意图。\n\n39. 债务人在实施该项转让时阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，表现在：\n\na. 该等转让使用另我空壳公司实施；\n\nb. 该等转让向债务人的债权人隐瞒；\n\nc. 该等转让作为债务人“空壳公司把戏”的一部分实施，并在债务人控制的家庭成员及其他亲信和下属协助下，意图隐匿和保护资产；\n\nd. 该等转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈中获益，而不使其财产处于其债权人可追及的范围内，进一步促成了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 该等转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈中牟利，而不使其财产处于其债权人可追及的范围内，进一步促成了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在该等转让时，债务人正被起诉，包括 PAX 在 PAX Case 中对其提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在该等转让时，债务人已无力偿债或资本不足。\n\n40. 该等转让可由受托人依据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276 及 Bankruptcy Code section 544(b) 撤销，并可依据 Bankruptcy Code section 550(a) 追回。\n\n救济请求\n\n因此，基于上述理由，受托人恭请法院作出如下判决：\n\n1. 就第一项请求，(a) 作出命令，宣告根据《破产法》section 548(a)(1)(A)，金额不低于$100,000.00的该笔转让予以撤销；(b) 作出命令，指令撤销该笔转让；以及 (c) 根据《破产法》section 550(a)(1)，为债务人财产之利益，向被告追偿该笔转让，或由受托人选择追偿其价值；\n\n2. 就第二项请求，(a) 作出命令，宣告根据《破产法》section 544(b)及N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2), 274 and 276，金额不低于$100,000.00的该等转让予以撤销；(b) 作出命令，指令撤销该等转让；以及 (c) 根据N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law section 276及《破产法》section 550(a)(1)，为债务人财产之利益，向被告追偿该等转让，或由受托人选择追偿其价值；\n\n3. 裁定受托人自提交本起诉状之日起至本案判决书作出之日止，按最高法定利率获得判决前利息；以及\n\n4. 本院认为在该等情况下公正、适当或符合衡平原则的其他及进一步救济。\n\n日期：February 14, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（吕克·A·德斯潘斯）第11章受托人\n\n签署人：/s/ Patrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛） Douglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡）(ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）(ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.（纽伯特、佩佩与蒙蒂思专业公司）\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor\nNew Haven, Connecticut 06510\n(203) 781-2847\ndskalka@npmlaw.com\nplinsey@npmlaw.com\n第11章受托人代理律师\n\n案件 22-50073 文件 2840 提交于 02/14/24 录入于 02/14/24 13:29:43 第 15 页，共 15 页\n\n附表A\n\n密封提交","key_entities":["Despins","Kwok","Je","Ho Wan Kwok","Guo","Himalaya","Miles Guo","Yanping Wang","HCHK","GTV","Saraca","GETTR","Paul Hastings","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[{"doc_number":215,"court":"CTB"}],"word_count":4358,"status":"published","published_at":"2024-02-14 00:00:00","created_at":"2024-02-14","updated_at":"2026-08-23 19:54:29"}