{"id":"court_ctb_2844_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":2844,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":null,"title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | | | |\n|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS | DEFENDANTS | | | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.) | ATTORNEYS
(If Known) | | | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only)
□ Debtor
□ U.S.
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin
□ Creditor
□ Other
□ Trustee | PARTY (Check One Box Only)
□ Debtor
□ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin
□ Creditor
□ Other
□ Trustee | | | | |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION
(WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED)
NATURE OF SUIT | | | | | |\n| (Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property
□
11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property
□
12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference
□
13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
□
14-Recovery of money/property - other
FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
□
21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued)
□
61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support
□
68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury
□
63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan
□
64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation
(other than domestic support)
□
65-Dischargeability - other | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property
□
31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h) | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief
□
71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay
□
72-Injunctive relief – other | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge
□
41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e) | FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest
□
81-Subordination of claim or interest | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation
□
51-Revocation of confirmation | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment
□
91-Declaratory judgment | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability
□
66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims
□
62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation,
actual fraud
□
67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny
(continued next column) | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action
□
01-Determination of removed claim or cause
Other
□
SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.
□
02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court
if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | | | |\n| □ Check if this case involves a substantive issue of state law | □ Check if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23 | | | | |\n| □ Check if a jury trial is demanded in complaint
Other Relief Sought | Demand \\$ | | | | |\n\n#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------|-----------------------------|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR | | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO. | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFF | DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY
PROCEEDING NO. | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | |\n| DATE | | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n# **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | | x |\n|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|\n| In re: | | :
:
Chapter 11 |\n| 1
HO WAN KWOK,
et al., | | :
:
Case No. 22-50073 (JAM) |\n| | Debtors. | :
:
(Jointly Administered)
: |\n| -----------------------------------------------------------
LUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11
TRUSTEE,
v. | Plaintiff, | x
:
:
:
:
Adv. Proceeding No. [
]
:
: |\n| | | :
:
February
14, 2024 |\n| TRASCO BREMEN GMBH, | | :
:
: |\n| | Defendant. | :
x |\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | | |\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF FRAUDULENT TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 544, 548, AND 550 AND NEW YORK DEBTOR & CREDITOR LAW SECTIONS 273, 274, AND 276**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the\n\nchapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this\n\n1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\nadversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant Trasco Bremen GmbH (the \"Defendant\"), stating as follows:\n\n## **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding to avoid and recover transfers of the Debtor's property prior to the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case.\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter-ego shell company, Golden Spring (New York) Ltd (\"Golden Spring\") transferred funds in the amount of \\$196,819.90 prior to the Petition Date (as defined herein) to the Defendant as initial transferee.\n\n3. These transfers were actually fraudulent, because the Debtor effectuated them as part of his \"shell game,\" and they were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n## **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §1334(b).\n\n5. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §157(a).\n\n6. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include sections 544, 548 and 550 of Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\") and New York Debtor & Creditor Law sections 273, 274, and 276 2 or any other applicable state law equivalents.\n\n2 All statutory references to New York Debtor and Creditor Law will hereinafter be referred to as \"N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law\". The New York Uniform Voidable Transactions Act (\"NYUVT\") replaced the New York Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act (\"NYUFC\") and became effective on April 4, 2020 and applies to transfers made or obligations incurred on or after April 4, 2020. With respect to transfers prior to April 4, 2020, the Trustee seeks relief in this action under the NYUFC and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law §§273, 273-a, 274, 275, 276 and 278.\n\n### **THE PARTIES**\n\n7. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n8. The Defendant is a foreign limited liability company with an address at Zum Panrepel 24, Bremen, Germany 28307.\n\n### **FACTS**\n\n## **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n9. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\") on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the above-captioned chapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\").\n\n10. On March 21, 2002, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n11. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities.3 While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and transferred through his many alter-ego shell companies, including Golden Spring.\n\n12. On June 15, 2022, the Bankruptcy Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11\n\n3 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 (Main Case, Docket No. 78).\n\ntrustee in the Chapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the Trustee. On July 8, 2022, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n## **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n13. Golden Spring is among the numerous alter-ego shell companies used by the Debtor to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors. 4 For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members and/or known subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use and spend and/or transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets while concealing his property from creditors.\n\n14. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell companies were his alter-egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several such adversary proceedings, the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief.5\n\n4 The Court has entered judgment to the effect that Golden Spring was the Debtor's alter ego. *See Despins v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited* (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5018 (the \"Golden Spring A.P.\"), Docket No. 35). The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in the Golden Spring A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5018, Docket No. 1).\n\n5 These include the following adversary proceedings: (i) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23- 05017]; (vi) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited* [Adv. Proc. 23-05018]; and (vii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. 23-05023].\n\n15. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from other Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n### **C. Debtor's Conduct to Hinder, Delay and/or Defraud Creditors**\n\n16. In addition to the matters addressed in the Trustee's adversary proceedings, the Bankruptcy Court has found that the Debtor was the beneficial owner of Ace Decade Limited (and through it, Dawn State Limited) and that the Debtor controlled and employed Ace Decade Limited's nominee shareholder, Yvette Wang.6\n\n17. The Bankruptcy Court has also found that the \"G Entities\" (Gettr, G Fashion, G Music, GClubs, GNews and GEdu), the New Federal State of China and the Rule of Law Foundation, as well as other purportedly independent entities and organizations, were controlled by the Debtor7 , led by the Debtor8 and/or served \"the purposes of… and as business vehicles of\" the Debtor.9\n\n18. Prior to the Petition Date, Judge Liman of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York found that Eastern Profit Corporation Limited, an entity originally\n\n6 *Order Granting Motion to Hold Debtor in Contempt of Corporate Governance Order,* para.1, 4 (Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372 (\"Corp. Governance Contempt Order\").\n\n7 *Corrected Memorandum of Decision Granting in Part Motion for Preliminary Injunction*, para. 3 (Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032, January 13, 2023 (\"The Debtor also controls Saraca Media Group and a related entity 'GTV'\").\n\n8 *Id*. at para. 7 (\"The Debtor is the leader of The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF and Himalaya.\").\n\n9 *Id*. (\"The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF, GSeries, and Himalaya serve the purposes of the Debtor, serve as business vehicles for the Debtor, and their members are personally loyal to the Debtor.\").\n\nowned by one of Debtor's chauffeurs before its transfer to Debtor's daughter, was \"in essence, a shell corporation\" for the Debtor.10\n\n19. The Debtor has gone to great lengths to hinder and delay the collection efforts of one of his largest creditors, *i.e.*, Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P. (\"PAX\"). In 2017, PAX sued the Debtor in the Supreme Court of the State of New York (the \"New York Court\"), Index No. 652077/2017 (the \"PAX Case\"), seeking judgment for monies owed. On February 3, 2021, PAX obtained a judgment from the New York Court against the Debtor in the sum of \\$116,402,019.57 (the \"PAX Judgment\"). PAX sought to enforce the PAX Judgment by levying the Debtor's assets—including the Lady May, which the Debtor falsely claimed was owned by his daughter, and the Debtor's luxury apartment in Manhattan, which the Debtor falsely claimed was held in trust for the Debtor's son. The Debtor's defiance of New York Court orders in postjudgment proceedings eventually resulted in the Debtor incurring contempt penalties of \\$134 million.\n\n20. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including Golden Spring, as personal piggybanks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries on their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos perpetuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme.\n\n10 *Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC*, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n21. The Debtor has testified before the Bankruptcy Court that he has insufficient assets to pay his liabilities and that his luxurious lifestyle is funded by his family through businesses nominally held by family members.11 The Debtor scheduled only \\$3,850 in assets.12\n\n22. In March 2023, the Debtor was arrested and remains confined pending his trial on federal criminal charges of, among other things, wire fraud, securities fraud, and money laundering.\n\n23. In its criminal indictment of the Debtor, the United States Government asserts that the Debtor and his co-defendants \"utilized more than approximately 500 accounts held in the names of *at least 80 different entities or individuals* to launder more than \\$1 billion in fraud proceeds.\"13\n\n24. The property of the Debtor's alter egos, including Golden Spring, was at all times prior to the Petition Date property of the Debtor.\n\n25. At all times relevant herein, the Debtor conducted business in New York, New York, including direction of the Transfers (as defined herein).\n\n### **D. Transfers Made with Intent to Hinder, Delay, or Defraud Creditors**\n\n26. The Transfers at issue in this Complaint were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors inasmuch as they were all made through the Debtor's alterego shell companies operated as a part of the Debtor's shell game.\n\n11 Hearing on Debtor's Motion for Entry of Interim and Final DIP Orders (I) Authorizing the Debtor to Obtain Unsecured, Subordinated Postpetition Financing and (II) Scheduling Interim and Final Hearings, and (III) Granting Related Relief (Main Case, April 27, 2022)\n\n12 *See* n.3\n\n13 See Memorandum of Law of the United States of America in Opposition to Defendant Yanping Wang's Motion for Pretrial Release at 29, attached as Exhibit B in the Reply of Chapter 11 Trustee to G Club Operations LLC's Supplemental Objection to Trustee's Motion to Compel and Request for Related Relief (June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934).\n\n27. The Debtor intentionally orchestrated his financial affairs in this manner in order to conceal and dissipate millions of dollars in assets while falsely pleading poverty to his many creditors. The Debtor claimed to be destitute while simultaneously spending heavily to maintain a billionaire lifestyle for himself and for his family members and close associates.\n\n28. The assets concealed and dissipated by the Debtor included funds that he obtained from the victims of his cryptocurrency, securities, and other fraud schemes. As a result of this conduct, the Debtor faces multiple felony fraud, money laundering, and racketeering charges in a criminal case pending in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. *See United States v. Ho Wan Kwok*, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.).\n\n29. The Debtor knew and intended that by concealing and dissipating his assets in this manner there would not be sufficient assets remaining to repay his creditors—including the many victims of his frauds. These transfers were thus necessarily made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n30. The Defendant is a leading commercial armored vehicle provider, specializing in OEM supplying projects, armored limousines, sedans, and SUVs for governmental and commercial clients.\n\n31. The Transfers at issue here were part of the Debtor's practice of dissipating his assets through spending on luxury goods and services. This spending on luxury items was particularly egregious considering that the Debtor was dissipating the proceeds of his frauds.\n\n32. Even while the Debtor claimed to be penniless to his creditors, he simultaneously used his luxurious lifestyle as a marketing tool to promote his fraudulent schemes. Among the many examples of this strategy was the Debtor's \"Hcoin to the Moon\" music video, in which the\n\n8\n\nDebtor flaunts extravagant personal property—including yachts, sports cars, suits, cigars, and home furnishings—to promote investment in one of his fraudulent cryptocurrency ventures.14\n\n33. This further reflects the Debtor's fraudulent intent with respect to the Transfers.\n\n## **E. Transfers to the Defendant**\n\n34. Prior to the Petition Date, the Debtor, through shell companies including Golden Spring, or otherwise, transferred the Debtor's property to the Defendant (collectively, the \"Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n35. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of the Debtor's estate.\n\n36. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfers.\n\n## **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers Pursuant to Bankruptcy Code §§ 548(a)(1)(A) and 550(a))**\n\n37. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-36 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n38. The Transfers were made by the Debtor through his alter ego, Golden Spring, with the actual intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n39. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, or and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating\n\nthe Transfers is shown by, among other things:\n\na. The Transfers were effectuated using an alter-ego shell company;\n\n14 *See* (last visited Jan. 25, 2024). The Debtor published this music video on YouTube in December of 2021, roughly two months prior to the Petition Date.\n\nb. The Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\n- e. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n- f. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\t- g. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n40. The Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to Section 548(a)(1)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code and are recoverable pursuant to Section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n## **SECOND CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 274, and 276, and Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) and 550(a))**\n\n41. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-36 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n42. The Transfers were made by the Debtor, through his alter ego company, Golden Spring, with the actual intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n43. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the Transfers is shown by, among other things:\n\na. The Transfers were effectuated using an alter-ego shell company;\n\nb. The Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n44. The Transfers are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276, and section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n*[THE REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK.]*\n\n### **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. On the First Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$196,819.90 are avoided pursuant to Section 548(a)(1)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code; (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to Section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. On the Second Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$196,819.90 are avoided pursuant to section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2), 274 and 276; (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law section 276 and section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n3. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n4. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n[*Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank*]\n\nDated: February 14, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: /s/ Douglas Skalka*\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_* Douglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 [dskalka@npmlaw.com](mailto:dskalka@npmlaw.com) [plinsey@npmlaw.com](mailto:plinsey@npmlaw.com) *Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\n# **SCHEDULE A**\n\n| ID # | Account Holder | Date | Amount |\n|-----------------------------------|------------------------------|-----------|-----------------|\n| 1 | Golden Spring (New York) Ltd | 8/14/2020 | \\$ (149,280.00) |\n| 2 | Golden Spring (New York) Ltd | 8/18/2020 | (47,539.90) |\n| Total - Payments to Trasco Bremen | | | \\$ (196,819.90) |","body_zh":"B1040（表格 1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗程序封面页\n（背面附有说明） 对抗程序编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n原告 被告\n律师（律师事务所名称、地址及电话号码） 律师\n（如已知）\n当事人（仅勾选一个方框）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国\n受托人/破产管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他\n□ 受托人 当事人（仅勾选一个方框）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国受托人/破产\n管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他\n□ 受托人\n诉讼理由\n（简要说明诉讼理由，包括所涉全部美国法条）\n诉讼性质\n（最多编号五（5）个方框，以主要诉讼理由为 1，第一个备选诉讼理由为 2，第二个备选诉讼理由为 3，依此类推。）\nFRBP 7001(1) – 追回金钱/财产\n□\n11-追回金钱/财产 - §542 财产交还\n□\n12-追回金钱/财产 - §547 优先受偿\n□\n13-追回金钱/财产 - §548 欺诈性转让\n□\n14-追回金钱/财产 - 其他\nFRBP 7001(2) – 留置权的有效性、优先顺位或范围\n□\n21-留置权或其他财产权益的有效性、优先顺位或范围 FRBP 7001(6) – 债务可解除性（续）\n□\n61-债务可解除性 - §523(a)(5)，家庭扶养费\n□\n68-债务可解除性 - §523(a)(6)，故意及恶意伤害\n□\n63-债务可解除性 - §523(a)(8)，学生贷款\n□\n64-债务可解除性 - §523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\n（家庭扶养费除外）\n□\n65-债务可解除性 - 其他\nFRBP 7001(3) – 批准财产出售\n□\n31-批准出售破产财产及共同所有人的财产 - §363(h) FRBP 7001(7) – 禁令救济\n□\n71-禁令救济 – 施加中止\n□\n72-禁令救济 – 其他\nFRBP 7001(4) – 对债务解除提出异议/撤销债务解除\n□\n41-对债务解除提出异议/撤销债务解除 - §727(c),(d),(e) FRBP 7001(8) 请求权或权益的劣后顺位\n□\n81-请求权或权益的劣后顺位\nFRBP 7001(5) – 撤销确认\n□\n51-撤销确认 FRBP 7001(9) 确认判决\n□\n91-确认判决\nFRBP 7001(6) – 债务可解除性\n□\n66-债务可解除性 - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税款请求权\n□\n62-债务可解除性 - §523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述、\n实际欺诈\n□\n67-债务可解除性 - §523(a)(4)，受托人身份下的欺诈、侵占、盗窃\n（续见下一栏） FRBP 7001(10) 对移送诉讼的裁定\n□\n01-对移送请求权或诉因的裁定\n其他\n□\nSS-SIPA 案件 – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\n□\n02-其他（例如，如与破产案件无关本应在州法院提起的\n其他诉讼）\n□ 如本案涉及实体性州法争议，请勾选 □ 如主张本案属于 FRCP 23 项下的集体诉讼，请勾选\n□ 如起诉状中要求陪审团审判，请勾选\n请求的其他救济 请求金额 \\$\n\nB1040（表格 1040）（12/15）\n\n本对抗程序所由产生的破产案件\n\n债务人姓名 破产案件编号\n案件审理地区 分部办公室 法官姓名\n相关对抗程序（如有）\n原告 被告 对抗\n程序编号\n对抗程序审理地区 分部办公室 法官姓名\n律师（或原告）签名\n日期 律师（或原告）姓名正楷\n说明\n\n提交破产案件将在破产法院管辖下产生一个“财产集合”，该集合包括债务人的所有财产，无论该等财产位于何处。由于破产财产集合范围广泛，且法院管辖权十分宽泛，可能会就该财产集合的财产或财产权利发生诉讼。也可能会发生涉及债务人债务解除的诉讼。如在破产法院提起该等诉讼，则称为对抗程序。\n\n提交对抗程序的一方还必须填写并提交表格 1040，即《对抗程序封面页》，除非该方通过法院的案件管理/电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提交对抗程序。（CM/ECF 在提交过程中获取表格 1040 中的信息。）填写完成后，封面页概述对抗程序的基本信息。法院书记员需要该等信息以处理对抗程序，并编制关于法院活动的必要统计报告。\n\n封面页及其所载信息并不替代或补充法律、破产程序规则或法院地方法规所要求提交及送达的诉状或其他文件。该封面页大部分内容不言自明，必须由原告律师填写（如原告未由律师代理，则由原告填写）。每份提交的起诉状均须向书记员单独提交一份封面页。\n\n原告和被告。请准确按起诉状中所列的原告和被告名称填写。\n\n律师。如已知，请填写律师的姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。请在第一栏为原告勾选最适当的方框，并在第二栏为被告勾选最适当的方框。\n\n请求金额。请输入起诉状中请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面页必须由记录在案的律师在本表格第二页的方框内签署。如原告由律师事务所代理，必须由该律师事务所的一名成员签署。如原告自行诉讼，即未由律师代理，则必须由原告签署。\n\nUNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION（美国康涅狄格地区破产法院布里奇波特分部）\n\n----------------------------------------------------------- x\n\n关于： ：\n：\n第 11 章\n\nHO WAN KWOK（郭文贵），\n等， ：\n：\nCase No. 22-50073 (JAM)\n债务人。 ：\n：\n（合并管理）\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（吕克·A·德斯潘），第 11 章\n受托人，\n诉 原告， x\n\n对抗程序编号 [\n]\n\nFebruary\n14, 2024\nTRASCO BREMEN GMBH（特拉斯科不来梅有限责任公司）， ：\n\n被告。 ：\nx\n\n第 11 章受托人依据《破产法典》第 544、548 和 550 条以及《纽约债务人与债权人法》第 273、274 和 276 条请求撤销及追回欺诈性转让和相关救济的起诉状\n\nLuc A. Despins，以获任命担任 Ho Wan Kwok（“债务人”或“Kwok”）第 11 章案件（“第 11 章案件”）第 11 章受托人（“受托人”）的身份，提交本\n\n1 本第 11 章案件中的债务人为 Ho Wan Kwok（亦称 Guo Wengui（郭文贵）、Miles Guo（郭文贵）和 Miles Kwok（郭文贵），以及众多其他别名）（税务识别号码后四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（Genever 控股有限责任公司）（税务识别号码后四位：8202）以及 Genever Holdings Corporation（Genever 控股公司）。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC 和 Genever Holdings Corporation 的邮寄地址为 Paul Hastings LLP（博衡律师事务所），200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，c/o Luc A. Despins，作为 Ho Wan Kwok 财产集合的受托人（仅为通知和通信之目的）。\n\n对抗程序起诉状（“起诉状”），针对被告 Trasco Bremen GmbH（“被告”）提出如下陈述：\n\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人提起本对抗程序，以撤销并追回在本第 11 章案件开始前发生的债务人财产转让。\n\n2. 债务人通过其替身空壳公司 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd（Golden Spring（纽约）有限公司）（“Golden Spring”），在申请日（定义见下文）之前，向作为初始受让人的被告转让了金额为 \\$196,819.90 的资金。\n\n3. 该等转让属于实际欺诈，因为债务人将其作为其“空壳公司游戏”的一部分实施，且该等转让系出于阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人债权人的意图而作出。\n\n管辖权和审判地\n\n4. 本法院根据 28 U.S.C. §1334(b) 对本对抗程序具有事项管辖权。\n\n5. 本对抗程序已根据 28 U.S.C. §157(a) 移送本法院。\n\n6. 本文所请求救济的法定依据包括《美国法典》第 11 编（“破产法典”）第 544、548 和 550 条，以及《纽约债务人与债权人法》第 273、274 和 276 条 2，或任何其他适用的州法同等规定。\n\n2 此后所有对《纽约债务人与债权人法》的法条引用均称为“N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law”。《纽约统一可撤销交易法》（“NYUVT”）取代了《纽约统一欺诈性让与法》（“NYUFC”），并于 April 4, 2020 生效，适用于在 April 4, 2020 当日或之后作出的转让或承担的义务。对于 April 4, 2020 之前的转让，受托人在本诉讼中根据 NYUFC 和 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law §§273, 273-a, 274, 275, 276 and 278 寻求救济。\n\n当事人\n\n7. 根据破产法院于 July 8, 2022 作出的命令 [Case No. 22-50073（“主案件”）Docket No. 523]，受托人为第 11 章案件中的第 11 章受托人。\n\n8. 被告是一家外国有限责任公司，地址为 Zum Panrepel 24, Bremen, Germany 28307。\n\n事实\n\nA. 第 11 章案件\n\n9. 债务人于 February 15, 2022（“申请日”）向 United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut（美国康涅狄格地区破产法院）（“破产法院”）自愿提交了根据《美国法典》第 11 编（“破产法典”）第 11 章请求救济的申请，从而启动了上述标题所列第 11 章案件（“第 11 章案件”）。\n\n10. 于 March 21, 2002，Office of the United States Trustee（美国受托人办公室）在本第 11 章案件中任命了无担保债权人正式委员会。尚未任命审查员。\n\n11. 债务人于 March 2022 向破产法院提交的破产财产清单声称，其拥有 \\$3,850 的资产，并产生了数亿美元的负债。3 尽管债务人的确负债累累，但其财产清单未披露债务人通过其众多替身空壳公司（包括 Golden Spring）持有和转让的财产。\n\n12. 于 June 15, 2022，破产法院作出备忘录式判决及命令 [主案件 Docket No. 465]，指示美国受托人在第 11 章案件中任命一名第 11 章\n\n3 资产和负债清单，第 1 页（主案件，Docket No. 78）。\n\n受托人。根据该命令，美国受托人选定 Luc A. Despins 担任受托人。于 July 8, 2022，破产法院作出命令，批准任命 Luc A. Despins 担任第 11 章案件的受托人 [主案件 Docket No. 523]。\n\nB. 债务人对空壳公司的使用及受托人的对抗程序\n\n13. Golden Spring 是债务人用以阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的众多替身空壳公司之一。4 多年来，债务人一直策划一场“空壳公司游戏”，利用由家庭成员和/或已知下属名义持有、但实际上由债务人控制的复杂空壳公司网络。该空壳公司游戏使债务人能够使用、支出和/或转让数百万美元现金及其他资产，同时向债权人隐匿其财产。\n\n14. 自受任以来，受托人已在第 11 章案件中提起若干对抗程序，除其他事项外，以确立债务人的空壳公司系其替身，和/或该等公司及其资产在衡平法上归债务人所有；在若干该等对抗程序中，破产法院已准予该等救济。5\n\n4 法院已作出判决，认定 Golden Spring 系债务人的替身。见 Despins v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited（Adv. Proc. No. 23-5018（“Golden Spring A.P.”）, Docket No. 35）。受托人通过援引方式将其在 Golden Spring A.P. 中提交的受托人起诉状（Adv. Proc. No. 23-5018, Docket No. 1）纳入本文。\n\n5 这些对立程序包括：(i) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第 11 章受托人，诉 HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC（香港国际基金投资（美国）有限公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins，第 11 章受托人，诉 Greenwich Land LLC（格林尼治土地有限责任公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins，第 11 章受托人，诉 Mei Guo（郭梅）案 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins，第 11 章受托人，诉 HCHK Technologies, Inc.（HCHK 科技公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins，第 11 章受托人，诉 Taurus Fund LLC（金牛基金有限责任公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 23- 05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins，第 11 章受托人，诉 Golden Spring (New York) Limited（Golden Spring（纽约）有限公司）案 [Adv. Proc. 23-05018]；以及 (vii) Luc A. Despins，第 11 章受托人，诉 Lamp Capital LLC（灯资本有限责任公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. 23-05023]。\n\n15. 这些诉讼中的事实模式一贯涉及：(i) 由近亲和/或下属持有的、受债务人控制的空壳公司，(ii) 使用来自其他受债务人控制实体的现金购买的资产，和/或无对价转让给或在空壳实体之间转移的资产，以及 (iii) 债务人从该等资产中获益并对其拥有控制权和支配权。\nC. 债务人为阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债权人而实施的行为\n\n16. 除受托人对立程序中处理的事项外，破产法院还认定，债务人是 Ace Decade Limited（Ace Decade 有限公司）（并通过其成为 Dawn State Limited（Dawn State 有限公司））的受益所有人，且债务人控制并利用了 Ace Decade Limited 的代名股东 Yvette Wang（王雁平）。6\n\n17. 破产法院还认定，“G Entities”（Gettr（盖特尔）、G Fashion（G 时尚）、G Music（G 音乐）、GClubs（G 俱乐部）、GNews（G 新闻）和 GEdu（G 教育））、New Federal State of China（新中国联邦）及 Rule of Law Foundation（法治基金会），以及其他声称独立的实体和组织，均受债务人控制7、由债务人领导8，和/或“服务于……债务人的目的并作为其商业工具”。9\n\n18. 在申请日之前，United States District Court for the Southern District of New York（美国纽约南区联邦地区法院）的 Liman 法官认定，Eastern Profit Corporation Limited（东方利益有限公司）——该实体最初由债务人的一名司机持有，后转让给债务人的女儿——“实质上是”债务人的一家空壳公司。10\n\n6 准许将债务人认定为违反公司治理命令之藐视法庭的动议的命令，第 1、4 段（Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372（“公司治理藐视法庭命令”）。\n\n7 经更正的部分准许初步禁令动议的裁决备忘录，第 3 段（Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032, January 13, 2023（“债务人还控制 Saraca Media Group（萨拉卡媒体集团）及一关联实体 ‘GTV’”）。\n\n8 同上，第 7 段（“债务人是 The Whistleblower Movement（爆料革命）、NFSC、ROLF 和 Himalaya（喜马拉雅）的领导者。”）。\n\n9 同上。（“The Whistleblower Movement、NFSC、ROLF、GSeries 和 Himalaya 服务于债务人的目的，作为债务人的商业工具，其成员对债务人个人忠诚。”）。\n\n19. 债务人为阻碍和拖延其最大债权人之一，即 Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P.（太平洋联盟亚洲机会基金，有限合伙企业）（“PAX”）的追偿工作，不遗余力。2017 年，PAX 在 Supreme Court of the State of New York（纽约州最高法院）（“纽约法院”）对债务人提起诉讼，案号为 Index No. 652077/2017（“PAX 案件”），请求就所欠款项作出判决。2021 年 2 月 3 日，PAX 从纽约法院获得针对债务人的 \\$116,402,019.57 判决（“PAX 判决”）。PAX 试图通过扣押债务人的资产来执行 PAX 判决，其中包括 Lady May（梅夫人号）——债务人虚假声称该游艇由其女儿所有——以及债务人在曼哈顿的豪华公寓——债务人虚假声称该公寓由信托为债务人的儿子持有。债务人在判决后程序中蔑视纽约法院命令的行为，最终导致债务人被处以 \\$134 million 的藐视法庭罚款。\n\n20. 债务人还将包括 Golden Spring 在内的其另我实体用作个人钱袋，在将资产藏匿于该等另我实体、使债权人无法就其债权获得追偿，并阻碍和拖延债权人追偿的同时，为他及其家人已习惯的奢侈生活方式提供资金。债务人通过该等另我实体实施的转让延续了债务人的欺诈计划。\n\n10 Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n21. 债务人已在破产法院作证称，其资产不足以清偿其负债，且其奢侈生活方式由其家人通过名义上由家庭成员持有的企业提供资金。11 债务人在其资产清单中仅列报 \\$3,850 的资产。12\n\n22. 2023 年 3 月，债务人被逮捕，并在等待就联邦刑事指控接受审判期间持续被羁押；该等指控包括但不限于电信欺诈、证券欺诈和洗钱。\n\n23. 美国政府在针对债务人的刑事起诉书中主张，债务人及其共同被告“利用以至少 80 个不同实体或个人名义持有的约 500 多个账户，对超过 \\$1 billion 的欺诈所得进行洗钱。”13\n\n24. 债务人的另我实体，包括 Golden Spring 的财产，在申请日之前的任何时候均为债务人的财产。\n\n25. 在本案相关的所有期间，债务人在 New York, New York（纽约州纽约市）开展业务，包括指挥该等转让（定义见下文）。\nD. 为阻碍、拖延或欺诈债权人而作出的转让\n\n26. 本起诉状所涉转让，均系通过债务人的另我空壳公司作出，而该等公司作为债务人空壳腾挪把戏的一部分运营，因此系为阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人的债权人之目的而作出。\n\n11 关于债务人申请作出临时及最终 DIP 命令的听证会，该命令：(I) 授权债务人取得无担保、次级的申请后融资；(II) 安排临时和最终听证会；及 (III) 授予相关救济（主案，April 27, 2022）\n\n12 见脚注 3\n\n13 见 United States of America（美利坚合众国）反对被告 Yanping Wang（王雁平）审前释放动议的法律备忘录，第 29 页，该备忘录作为 Exhibit B 附于第 11 章受托人对 G Club Operations LLC（G 俱乐部运营有限责任公司）就受托人申请强制履行及请求相关救济所提补充异议的答复中（June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934）。\n\n27. 债务人故意以此方式安排其财务事务，以便在向其众多债权人虚假声称贫困的同时，隐匿和耗散数百万美元的资产。债务人一面声称自己一贫如洗，一面同时为自己、其家庭成员和亲密同事维持亿万富翁的生活方式而大肆挥霍。\n\n28. 债务人隐匿和耗散的资产包括其从其加密货币、证券及其他欺诈计划的受害者处取得的资金。由于该等行为，债务人在 United States District Court for the Southern District of New York（美国纽约南区联邦地区法院）待决的一宗刑事案件中面临多项重罪欺诈、洗钱和敲诈勒索指控。见 United States v. Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.)。\n\n29. 债务人明知且意图通过以此方式隐匿和耗散其资产，将不会有足够资产留存以偿还其债权人——包括其众多欺诈行为的受害者。因此，该等转让必然是出于阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人债权人的意图而作出。\n\n30. 被告是领先的商用装甲车辆供应商，专门为政府及商业客户提供 OEM 供应项目、装甲豪华轿车、轿车和 SUV。\n\n31. 本案所涉转让是债务人通过购买奢侈品和服务耗散其资产这一做法的一部分。鉴于债务人正在耗散其欺诈所得，此类对奢侈品的支出尤为恶劣。\n\n32. 即使债务人向其债权人声称身无分文，他同时还将其奢侈生活方式用作推广其欺诈计划的营销工具。该策略的诸多例子之一是债务人的“Hcoin to the Moon”（“Hcoin 登月”）音乐视频；债务人在该视频中炫耀包括游艇、跑车、西装、雪茄和家居陈设在内的奢侈个人财产，以推广对其一项欺诈性加密货币项目的投资。14\n\n33. 这进一步反映了债务人就该等转让所具有欺诈意图。\nE. 向被告作出的转让\n\n34. 在申请日之前，债务人通过包括 Golden Spring 在内的空壳公司，或以其他方式，向被告转让债务人的财产（合称“该等转让”），包括但不限于如下：\n\n见附于本起诉状并构成本起诉状一部分的附表 A。\n\n35. 在该等转让发生时，债务人对债务人破产财产的债权人负有未清偿义务。\n\n36. 被告是该等转让的初始受让人。\n第一项请求\n（根据 Bankruptcy Code §§ 548(a)(1)(A) 和 550(a) 撤销及追回实际欺诈性转让的请求）\n\n37. 受托人重述并再次主张第 1 至 36 段所载指控，如同在本文件中完整载明。\n\n38. 债务人通过其另我 Golden Spring，以实际阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图作出该等转让。\n\n39. 债务人在实施该等转让时阻碍、拖延或和/或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，体现在：\n\na. 该等转让系使用一家另我空壳公司实施；\n\n14 见（最后访问于 Jan. 25, 2024）。债务人于 2021 年 12 月在 YouTube 上发布该音乐视频，约在申请日前两个月。\n\nb. 该等转让向债务人的债权人隐瞒；\n\nc. 该等转让是作为债务人的“空壳腾挪把戏”的一部分实施，债务人借助其控制的家庭成员及其他心腹和下属，试图隐匿和保护资产；\n\nd. 该等转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈行为中获益，而不使其财产受到债权人追索，从而推进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 该等转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈行为中获利，而不使其财产受到债权人追索，从而推进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在该等转让发生时，债务人正遭受诉讼，包括 PAX 在 PAX 案件中提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在该等转让发生时，债务人已资不抵债或资本不足。\n\n40. 受托人可根据 Bankruptcy Code 第 548(a)(1)(A) 条撤销该等转让，并可根据 Bankruptcy Code 第 550(a) 条追回该等转让。\n第二项请求\n（根据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273、274 和 276，以及 Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) 和 550(a) 撤销及追回实际欺诈性转让的请求）\n\n41. 受托人重述并再次主张第 1 至 36 段所载指控，如同在本文件中完整载明。\n\n42. 债务人通过其另我公司 Golden Spring，以实际阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图作出该等转让。\n\n43. 债务人在实施该等转让时阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，体现在：\n\na. 该等转让系使用一家另我空壳公司实施；\n\nb. 该等转让向债务人的债权人隐瞒；\n\nc. 该等转让是作为债务人的“空壳腾挪把戏”的一部分实施，债务人借助其控制的家庭成员及其他心腹和下属，试图隐匿和保护资产；\n\nd. 该等转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈行为中获益，而不使其财产受到债权人追索，从而推进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 该等转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈行为中获利，而不使其财产受到其债权人追索，进一步促进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在该等转让发生时，债务人正被提起诉讼，其中包括PAX（帕克斯）在PAX案中提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在该等转让发生时，债务人已资不抵债或资本不足。\n\n44. 根据《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第273(a)(1)、274和276条以及《破产法典》第544(b)条，该等转让可由受托人撤销，并可根据《破产法典》第550(a)条予以追回。\n\n[本页其余部分特意留白。]\n\n救济请求\n\n因此，基于上述理由，受托人谨请求作出如下判决：\n\n1. 就第一项请求权而言，(a) 作出命令，宣告金额不少于$196,819.90的该等转让根据《破产法典》第548(a)(1)(A)条予以撤销；(b) 作出命令，指示撤销该等转让；以及(c) 根据《破产法典》第550(a)(1)条，为债务人财产利益，向被告追回该等转让，或由受托人选择追回其等值；\n\n2. 就第二项请求权而言，(a) 作出命令，宣告金额不少于$196,819.90的该等转让根据《破产法典》第544(b)条以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第273(a)(2)、274和276条予以撤销；(b) 作出命令，指示撤销该等转让；以及(c) 根据《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第276条和《破产法典》第550(a)(1)条，为债务人财产利益，向被告追回该等转让，或由受托人选择追回其等值；\n\n3. 自提交本起诉状之日起至本案判决之日止，按最高法定利率向受托人判给判决前利息；以及\n\n4. 法院在该等情形下认为公正、适当或衡平的其他及进一步救济。\n\n[本页其余部分特意留白]\n\n日期：February 14, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯）第11章受托人\n\n签署人：/s/ Douglas Skalka*\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡）（ct00616）\nPatrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）（ct29437）\nNEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.（纽伯特、佩佩与蒙泰思专业公司）\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor\nNew Haven, Connecticut 06510\n(203) 781-2847\n[dskalka@npmlaw.com]\n[plinsey@npmlaw.com]\n第11章受托人代理律师\n\n附表A\n\n编号 账户持有人 日期 金额\n\n1 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd（纽约金泉有限公司） 8/14/2020 $ (149,280.00)\n2 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd 8/18/2020 (47,539.90)\n合计－向Trasco Bremen（特拉斯科·不来梅）支付 $ (196,819.90)","key_entities":["Despins","Je","Kwok","Ho Wan Kwok","Guo","Himalaya","Miles Guo","Yanping Wang","HCHK","GTV","Saraca","GETTR","Paul Hastings","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[{"doc_number":215,"court":"CTB"}],"word_count":4254,"status":"published","published_at":null,"created_at":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-23 19:12:07"}