{"id":"court_ctb_2899_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":2899,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":"2024-02-15","title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | | |\n|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS
Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee | DEFENDANTS
Scarabaeus Wealth
Management
AG | | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.)
Avram E. Luft and Douglass Barron
Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166
(212) 318-6000 | ATTORNEYS
(If Known) | | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only)
Ƒ'HEWRU
Ƒ86
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin
Ƒ&UHGLWRU
Ƒ2WKHU
Ƒ7UXVWHH
✔ | PARTY (Check One Box Only)
ƑDebtor
ƑU.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin
ƑCreditor
ƑOther
ƑTrustee | | | |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION
(WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED)
Complaint
of
Chapter
11
Trustee
seeking
avoidance
and
recovery
of
fraudulent
transfers
and
postpetition
transfers
and
related
relief
pursuant
to
Bankruptcy
Code
Sections
549,
and
550 | | | | |\n| NATURE OF SUIT
(Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property
Ƒ
11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property
Ƒ
12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference
Ƒ
13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
Ƒ
✔
14-Recovery of money/property - other
FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
Ƒ
21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued)
Ƒ
61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support
Ƒ
68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury
Ƒ
63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan
Ƒ
64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation
(other than domestic support)
Ƒ
65-Dischargeability - other | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property
Ƒ
31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h) | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief
Ƒ
71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay
Ƒ
72-Injunctive relief – other | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge
Ƒ
41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e) | FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest
Ƒ
81-Subordination of claim or interest | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation
Ƒ
51-Revocation of confirmation | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment
Ƒ
91-Declaratory judgment | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability
Ƒ
66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims
Ƒ
62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation,
actual fraud
Ƒ
67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny
(continued next column) | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action
Ƒ
01-Determination of removed claim or cause
Other
Ƒ
SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.
Ƒ
02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court
if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | | |\n| ƑCheck if this case involves a substantive issue of state law
✔ | ƑCheck if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23 | | | |\n| Ƒ&KHFNLIDMXU\\trial is demanded in complaint
Other Relief Sought | Demand \\$ | | | |\n\n#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR
Ho Wan Kwok | | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO.
22-50073 | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING
Connecticut | | DIVISION OFFICE
Bridgeport | NAME OF JUDGE
Julie A. Manning | |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFF | DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY
PROCEEDING NO. | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | |\n| /s/
Avram
E.
Luft | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| DATE | | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | |\n| February
15,
2024 | | Avram
E.
Luft | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n# **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\nIn re:\n\nHO WAN KWOK, *et al*.,1\n\nChapter 11\n\nCase No. 22-50073 (JAM)\n\nDebtors.\n\n(Jointly Administered)\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\nLUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE,\n\nPlaintiff,\n\nv.\n\nFebruary 15, 2024\n\nAdv. Proceeding No. [ ]\n\nSCARABAEUS WEALTH MANAGEMENT AG,\n\n Defendant. ----------------------------------------------------- x\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF POSTPETITION TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 549 AND 550**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the\n\nchapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this\n\nadversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant Scarabaeus Wealth Management AG\n\n(the \"Defendant\"), stating as follows:\n\n1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\n#### **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding to avoid and recover transfers of property of the Debtor's estate perpetrated by the Debtor after the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case and not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or under Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\").\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter-ego shell company Himalaya International Clearing Ltd (\"Himalaya\") transferred funds in the amount of \\$3,440,000 after the Petition Date (as defined herein) to the Defendant as initial transferee.\n\n3. Because these postpetition transfers of estate property were not authorized by the Court or under the Bankruptcy Code, they are subject to avoidance and recovery under sections 549 and 550 of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n#### **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b).\n\n5. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(a).\n\n6. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include 11 U.S.C. §§ 549 and 550.\n\n### **THE PARTIES**\n\n7. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n8. The Defendant is a Liechtenstein entity with an address at Delaware corporation with an address at Pflugstrasse 20, Postfach 673, 9490 Vaduz, Liechtenstein.\n\n### **FACTS**\n\n#### **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n9. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the Bankruptcy Code on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Court\" or \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the above-captioned chapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\").\n\n10. On March 21, 2022, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n11. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities.2 While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and/or transferred through his many alter-ego shell companies, including Himalaya.\n\n12. On June 15, 2022, the Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the Trustee. On July 8, 2022, the Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n2 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 (Main Case, Docket No. 78).\n\n### **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n13. Himalaya is among the numerous alter-ego shell companies used by the Debtor to defraud his creditors.3 For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members and subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use, spend, and transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets while concealing his property from creditors.\n\n14. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell companies were his alter-egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief.4\n\n15. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from other Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n16. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including Himalaya, as personal piggy-banks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries\n\n3 The Trustee has or will imminently commence an adversary proceeding against Himalaya International Clearing Ltd, which adversary proceeding seeks, among other things, a declaratory judgment that Himalaya International Clearing Ltd is the alter ego of the Debtor. The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in such adversary proceeding. 4\n\nThese include the following adversary proceedings: (i) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]; (vi) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited [Adv. Proc. 23- 05018]; and (vii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. 23-05023].\n\non their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos perpetuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme. The property of these alter egos, including Himalaya, was at all times property of the Debtor.\n\n### **C. Debtor's Shell Game and Fraud Continues Postpetition**\n\n17. As of the Petition Date, all of the Debtor's property held through his alter egos, including Himalaya, became property of the chapter 11 estate. *See* 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1).\n\n18. Following the Petition Date, the Debtor, with blatant disregard for the Bankruptcy Court and his obligations under the Bankruptcy Code, continued to effectuate transfers through numerous alter-ego shell companies, including, without limitation, Himalaya.\n\n19. None of these postpetition transfers were authorized by the Bankruptcy Court nor were such transfers authorized under the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **D. Transfers to the Defendant**\n\n20. Subsequent to the Petition Date, the Debtor, through shell companies including Himalaya, or otherwise, transferred property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate to the Defendant (collectively, the \"Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n21. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of the Debtor's estate.\n\n22. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfers.\n\n### **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Unauthorized Postpetition Transfers pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 549 and 550(a))**\n\n23. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-22 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n24. The Transfers were made to the Defendant by the Debtor, including through his alter-ego shell companies, Himalaya.\n\n25. The Transfers occurred after the Petition Date.\n\n26. The Transfers were not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or by the Bankruptcy\n\nCode.\n\n27. The Transfers constituted the unauthorized transfer of property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate.\n\n28. The Transfers are avoidable pursuant to section 549(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n29. Pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code, the Trustee is entitled to recover the Transfers, or the value thereof, from the Defendant plus interest thereon to the date of payment and the costs of this action.\n\n#### **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. An order (a) declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$3,440,000 are avoided pursuant to section 549 of the Bankruptcy Code; and (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n3. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n[*Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank*]\n\nDated: February 15, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: */s/ Avram E. Luft*\n\n Avram E. Luft (admitted pro hac vice) Douglass Barron (admitted pro hac vice) PAUL HASTINGS LLP 200 Park Avenue New York, New York 10166 (212) 318-6000 aviluft@paulhastings.com douglassbarron@paulhastings.com\n\n*and*\n\nDouglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 dskalka@npmlaw.com plinsey@npmlaw.com\n\n*Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\nCase 22-50073 Doc 2899 Filed 02/15/24 Entered 02/15/24 14:49:12 Page 11 of 11\n\n### **SCHEDULE A**\n\nFiled Under Seal","body_zh":"B1040 (表格 1040) (12/15)\n\n对抗性诉讼封面\n(背面见填表说明) 对抗性诉讼案号\n(仅供法院使用)\n\n原告\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人 被告\nScarabaeus Wealth Management AG（甲壳虫财富管理公司）\n律师 (律所名称、地址及电话号码)\nAvram E. Luft（阿夫拉姆·E·卢夫特）及 Douglass Barron（道格拉斯·巴伦）\nPaul Hastings LLP（普衡律师事务所），200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166\n(212) 318-6000 律师\n(若已知)\n当事人 (仅勾选一项)\n债务人\n美国联邦受托人/破产管理人\n债权人\n其他\n受托人\n✔ 当事人 (仅勾选一项)\n债务人\n美国联邦受托人/破产管理人\n债权人\n其他\n受托人\n诉由\n(简要陈述诉由，包括涉及的所有美国法律法规)\n第11章受托人依据《破产法典》（Bankruptcy Code）第549条及第550条，寻求撤销并追回欺诈性转让与申请后转让及相关救济的起诉状\n\n诉讼性质\n(最多勾选五 (5) 项，将主要诉由标为 1，第一备选诉由标为 2，第二备选诉由标为 3，依此类推)\n《联邦破产诉讼程序规则》（FRBP）第 7001(1) 条 – 追回款项/财产\n11-追回款项/财产 - 第542条移交财产\n12-追回款项/财产 - 第547条优先清偿\n13-追回款项/财产 - 第548条欺诈性转让\n✔ 14-追回款项/财产 - 其他\nFRBP 7001(2) – 留置权的有效性、优先顺位或范围\n21-留置权或财产其他权益的有效性、优先顺位或范围 FRBP 7001(6) – 免责判定 (续)\n61-免责判定 - 第523(a)(5)条，国内抚养义务\n68-免责判定 - 第523(a)(6)条，故意与恶意伤害\n63-免责判定 - 第523(a)(8)条，学生贷款\n64-免责判定 - 第523(a)(15)条，离婚或分居义务（国内抚养除外）\n65-免责判定 - 其他\nFRBP 7001(3) – 批准出售财产\n31-批准出售破产财产及共同所有人的财产 - 第363(h)条 FRBP 7001(7) – 禁令救济\n71-禁令救济 – 施加中止令\n72-禁令救济 – 其他\nFRBP 7001(4) – 异议/撤销免责\n41-异议 / 撤销免责 - 第727(c),(d),(e)条 FRBP 7001(8) 权利主张或权益之顺位后置\n81-权利主张或权益之顺位后置\nFRBP 7001(5) – 撤销确认\n51-撤销确认 FRBP 7001(9) 确认之诉判决\n91-确认之诉判决\nFRBP 7001(6) – 免责判定\n66-免责判定 - 第523(a)(1),(14),(14A)条优先税收权利主张\n62-免责判定 - 第523(a)(2)条，虚假借口、虚假陈述、实际欺诈\n67-免责判定 - 第523(a)(4)条，作为受托人欺诈、侵吞、侵占 (接下栏) FRBP 7001(10) 移送案件之裁定\n01-移送之权利主张或诉由之裁定\n其他\nSS-《证券投资者保护法》（SIPA）案件 – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa及下述各条\n02-其他（例如：若与破产案件无关则本应向州法院提起的其他诉讼）\n✔ 若本案涉及州法实质性问题请勾选 若主张属于《联邦民事诉讼规则》（FRCP）第23条项下的集体诉讼请勾选\n若起诉状中要求陪审团审判请勾选\n所寻求的其他救济 请求金额 $\n\nB1040 (表格 1040) (12/15)\n\n引致本对抗性诉讼的破产案件\n\n债务人姓名/名称\nHo Wan Kwok（郭文贵） 破产案件编号\n22-50073\n案件审理中所在的地区法院\nConnecticut（康涅狄格区） 分部办公室\nBridgeport（布里奇波特） 法官姓名\nJulie A. Manning（朱莉·A·曼宁）\n关联合同/对抗性诉讼 (如有)\n原告 被告 对抗性诉讼案号\n对抗性诉讼审理中所在的地区法院 分部办公室 法官姓名\n律师（或原告）签名\n/s/ Avram E. Luft\n日期 律师（或原告）印刷体姓名\n2024年2月15日 Avram E. Luft\n\n说明\n\n破产案件的提起在破产法院的管辖下创设了一个由债务人所有财产（无论该等财产位于何处）构成的“破产财产”（estate）。由于破产财产范围极广且法院管辖权极为宽泛，可能会产生涉及破产财产或破产财产权利的诉讼。也可能会产生关于债务人免责的诉讼。如果在破产法院提起此类诉讼，该诉讼被称为对抗性诉讼。\n\n提起对抗性诉讼的一方当事人还必须填写并提交表格 1040，即对抗性诉讼封面，除非该当事人通过法院的案件管理/电子案件归档系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提起对抗性诉讼。（CM/ECF 在归档流程中会收集表格 1040 上的信息。）填写完毕后，该封面汇总了关于对抗性诉讼的基本信息。法院书记官需要这些信息来处理对抗性诉讼并编制关于法院活动的法定统计报告。\n\n本封面及其所包含的信息并不替代或补充法律、《破产规则》（Bankruptcy Rules）或法院本地规则所要求的诉讼文书或其他文件的提交与送达。本封面大体上不言自明，必须由原告律师填写（若原告未聘请律师代理，则由原告填写）。每提交一份起诉状，均必须向书记官提交一份单独的封面。\n\n原告与被告。准确按照起诉状上所列的原告和被告姓名/名称进行填写。\n\n律师。提供律师的姓名及地址（若已知）。\n\n当事人。在第一栏中为原告勾选最合适的一项，在第二栏中为被告勾选最合适的一项。\n\n请求金额。填入起诉状中请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面必须由记录在案的律师在表格第二页的签名框内签名。如果原告由律师事务所代理，则必须由该律所的一名成员签名。如果原告系自辩（pro se），即未经律师代理，则必须由原告自行签名。\n\n美国康涅狄格区破产法院 布里奇波特分部\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\n关于：\n\nHO WAN KWOK 等，1\n\n第11章\n\n案件编号：22-50073 (JAM)\n\n债务人。\n\n（合并管理）\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\nLUC A. DESPINS，第11章受托人，\n\n原告，\n\n诉\n\n2024年2月15日\n\n对抗性诉讼编号：[ ]\n\nSCARABAEUS WEALTH MANAGEMENT AG，\n\n被告。\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\n第11章受托人依据《破产法典》第549条及第550条寻求撤销并追回申请后转让及相关救济的起诉状\n\nLuc A. Despins 以在 Ho Wan Kwok（“债务人”或“Kwok”）的第11章案件（“第11章案件”）中获任命的第11章受托人（“受托人”）之身份，对被告 Scarabaeus Wealth Management AG（“被告”）提起本对抗性起诉状（“起诉状”），陈述如下：\n\n1 这些第11章案件中的债务人为 Ho Wan Kwok（亦称 Guo Wengui、Miles Guo、Miles Kwok 以及其他诸多化名）（税务识别号后四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（税务识别号后四位：8202）及 Genever Holdings Corporation。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC 和 Genever Holdings Corporation 的邮寄地址为 Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，转交 Ho Wan Kwok 破产财产受托人 Luc A. Despins（仅用于接收通知和联络之目的）。\n\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人提起本对抗性诉讼，旨在撤销并追回由债务人在本第11章案件启动后实施且未获破产法院批准或未依据《美国法典》（United States Code）第11编（“《破产法典》”）获得授权的债务人破产财产之转让。\n\n2. 债务人通过其作为替身（alter-ego）的空壳公司 Himalaya International Clearing Ltd（“Himalaya（喜马拉雅）”），在申请日（定义见本文）之后向作为初始受让人的被告转让了金额为 \\$3,440,000 的资金。\n\n3. 由于这些破产财产的申请后转让未经法院或依据《破产法典》授权，故其属于依据《破产法典》第549条及第550条应予以撤销并追回的对象。\n\n管辖权及审判地\n\n4. 依据 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b)，本法院对本对抗性诉讼享有事项管辖权。\n\n5. 依据 28 U.S.C. § 157(a)，本对抗性诉讼已移送至本法院。\n\n6. 本文所寻求救济的法定依据包括 11 U.S.C. §§ 549 及 550。\n\n当事人\n\n7. 依据破产法院于2022年7月8日作出的裁定[案件编号 22-50073（“主案”）案卷编号 523]，受托人为本第11章案件中的第11章受托人。\n\n8. 被告是一家列支敦士登实体，其地址为特拉华州公司，地址位于 Pflugstrasse 20, Postfach 673, 9490 Vaduz, Liechtenstein。\n\n事实背景\nA. 第11章案件\n\n9. 债务人于2022年2月15日（“申请日”）向美国康涅狄格区破产法院（“法院”或“破产法院”）提交了依据《破产法典》第11编第11章寻求救济的自愿破产申请书，从而启动了上述标题所列的第11章案件（“第11章案件”）。\n\n10. 2022年3月21日，美国联邦受托人办公室在本第11章案件中任命了无担保债权人官方委员会。未曾任命审查人。\n\n11. 债务人于2022年3月向破产法院提交的破产财产明细表声称其拥有 \\$3,850 的资产，并背负了数亿美元的债务。2 尽管债务人确实负债累累，但其明细表未能披露债务人通过其诸多替身空壳公司（包括 Himalaya）持有和/或转让的财产。\n\n12. 2022年6月15日，法院作出了决定备忘录与裁定[主案案卷编号 465]，指令美国联邦受托人在本第11章案件中任命一名第11章受托人。依据该裁定，美国联邦受托人选定了 Luc A. Despins 担任受托人。2022年7月8日，法院作出裁定，批准任命 Luc A. Despins 为本第11章案件中的受托人[主案案卷编号 523]。\n\n2 《资产与负债明细表》，第1页（主案案卷编号 78）。\n\nB. 债务人使用空壳公司及受托人的对抗性诉讼\n\n13. Himalaya 是债务人用来欺诈其债权人的诸多替身空壳公司之一。3 多年来，债务人精心策划了一场“空壳骗局”，利用错综复杂的空壳公司网络，这些公司名义上由其家庭成员和下属所有，但实际上由债务人控制。这场空壳骗局使债务人能够使用、花费和转让数百万美元的现金及其他资产，同时向债权人隐匿其财产。\n\n14. 自获任命以来，受托人已在本第11章案件中提起了多起对抗性诉讼，旨在（除其他事项外）确认债务人的空壳公司是其替身，和/或确认此类公司及其资产衡平归属于债务人所有，且在若干诉讼中，破产法院已准予了此类救济。4\n\n15. 这些诉讼中的事实模式始终包括：(i) 由近亲属和/或下属代持的债务人受控空壳公司，(ii) 使用来自其他债务人受控实体的现金购买和/或无对价转让给空壳实体并在空壳实体之间流转的资产，以及 (iii) 债务人从中获益并对该等资产拥有控制与支配权。\n\n16. 债务人还将包括 Himalaya 在内的替身实体用作个人存钱罐，用于资助其本人及其家庭成员已然习惯的奢靡生活方式，同时在这些替身实体中向其债权人隐匿资产，并阻碍与拖延债权人获得清偿追偿\n\n3 受托人已经或即将对 Himalaya International Clearing Ltd（喜马拉雅国际清算有限公司）提起对抗辩护程序（adversary proceeding），该对抗程序除其他事项外，请求作出确认性判决，确认 Himalaya International Clearing Ltd 为债务人的另一个自我（alter ego）。受托人特此援引并在本文中并入受托人在该等对抗程序中提交的起诉状。4\n\n其中包括以下对抗程序：(i) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee（第11章受托人卢克·A·德斯宾斯）诉 HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC（香港国际基金投资（美国）有限公司）等 [对抗程序案号 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 Greenwich Land LLC 等 [对抗程序案号 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 Mei Guo（郭美） [对抗程序案号 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 HCHK Technologies, Inc. 等 [对抗程序案号 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 Taurus Fund LLC 等 [对抗程序案号 23-05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 Golden Spring (New York) Limited（金泉（纽约）有限公司） [对抗程序案号 23-05018]；以及 (vii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 Lamp Capital LLC 等 [对抗程序案号 23-05023]。\n\n清偿其债权。债务人通过这些另一个自我实施的转让延续了债务人的欺诈计划。这些另一个自我（包括 Himalaya）的财产始终是债务人的财产。\n\nC. 债务人的空壳把戏与欺诈在申请后仍在继续\n\n17. 截至申请日（Petition Date），债务人通过其另一个自我（包括 Himalaya）持有的所有财产，均已成为第11章破产财团的财产。见 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1)。\n\n18. 在申请日之后，债务人公然无视破产法院以及他在《破产法典》（Bankruptcy Code）项下的义务，继续通过众多另一个自我空壳公司（包括但不限于 Himalaya）实施转让。\n\n19. 这些申请后转让均未获得破产法院的授权，该等转让在《破产法典》项下亦未获授权。\n\nD. 向被告作出的转让\n\n20. 申请日之后，债务人通过包括 Himalaya 在内的空壳公司或其他方式，将债务人第11章破产财团的财产转让给被告（合称「转让」），包括但不限于如下所述：\n\n见随附于此并作为其一部分的附件 A（SCHEDULE A）。\n\n21. 在进行转让时，债务人对债务人破产财团的债权人负有未清偿债务。\n\n22. 被告是该等转让的初始受让人。\n\n第一项主张\n（依据《破产法典》第549条和第550(a)条请求撤销并追回未经授权的申请后转让之诉）\n\n23. 受托人重申并再次主张第1段至第22段中包含的主张，犹如在此完整陈述。\n\n24. 该等转让是债务人向被告作出的，包括通过其另一个自我空壳公司 Himalaya 作出的。\n\n25. 该等转让发生在申请日之后。\n\n26. 该等转让未获得破产法院或《破产法典》的授权。\n\n27. 该等转让构成了对债务人第11章破产财团财产的未经授权转让。\n\n28. 依据《破产法典》第549(a)条，该等转让是可以被撤销的。\n\n29. 依据《破产法典》第550(a)条，受托人有权向被告追回该等转让或其价值，加上截至付款之日的利息以及本案诉讼费用。\n\n诉讼请求\n\n为此，基于上述理由，受托人谨请求法院作出如下判决：\n\n1. 一项裁定：(a) 宣布依据《破产法典》第549条撤销金额不少于 $3,440,000 的转让；(b) 责令撤销该等转让；以及 (c) 依据《破产法典》第550(a)(1)条，为债务人破产财团的利益，由受托人选择向被告追回该等转让或其价值；\n\n2. 裁定自本起诉状提交之日起至本案判决之日止，按法定最高利率向受托人支付判决前利息；以及\n\n3. 法院在有关情况下认为公正、适当或公平的其他及进一步的救济。\n\n[本页以下空白]\n\n日期：2024年2月15日 于康涅狄格州纽黑文（New Haven, CT）\n\nLUC A. DESPINS\n第11章受托人\n\n签署：/s/ Avram E. Luft\n\nAvram E. Luft（经特许出庭认可）\nDouglass Barron（经特许出庭认可）\nPAUL HASTINGS LLP（普衡律师事务所）\n200 Park Avenue\nNew York, New York 10166\n(212) 318-6000\navifluft@paulhastings.com\ndouglassbarron@paulhastings.com\n\n以及\n\nDouglas S. Skalka (ct00616)\nPatrick R. Linsey (ct29437)\nNEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor\nNew Haven, Connecticut 06510\n(203) 781-2847\ndskalka@npmlaw.com\nplinsey@npmlaw.com\n\n第11章受托人代理律师\n\n案件号 22-50073 文件 2899 提交于 02/15/24 录入于 02/15/24 14:49:12 第 11 页 共 11 页\n\n附件 A\n\n封存提交","key_entities":["Despins","Himalaya","Kwok","Ho Wan Kwok","Je","Guo","Paul Hastings","Miles Guo","HCHK","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[],"word_count":2603,"status":"published","published_at":"2024-02-15 00:00:00","created_at":"2024-02-15","updated_at":"2026-08-23 13:57:14"}