{"id":"court_ctb_2900_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":2900,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":null,"title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse) | | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | | |\n|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS | DEFENDANTS
LLC STZ
Fund
No.
1 | | | | |\n| Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee | | | | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.) | ATTORNEYS
(If Known) | | | | |\n| Avram E. Luft and Douglass Barron
Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166
(212) 318-6000 | | | | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only)
Ƒ'HEWRU
Ƒ86
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin
Ƒ&UHGLWRU
Ƒ2WKHU
Ƒ7UXVWHH
✔ | PARTY (Check One Box Only)
ƑDebtor
ƑU.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin
ƑCreditor
ƑOther
ƑTrustee | | | | |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION | | (WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED) | | | |\n| Complaint
of
Chapter
11
Trustee
seeking
avoidance
and
recovery
of
fraudulent
transfers
and
postpetition
transfers
and
related
relief
pursuant
to
Bankruptcy
Code
Sections
549
and
550 | | | | | |\n| NATURE OF SUIT
(Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property
Ƒ
11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued)
Ƒ
61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support | | | | |\n| Ƒ
12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference | Ƒ
68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury | | | | |\n| Ƒ
13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
✔ | Ƒ
63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan | | | | |\n| Ƒ
14-Recovery of money/property - other | Ƒ
64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
Ƒ
21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property | (other than domestic support)
Ƒ
65-Dischargeability - other | | | | |\n| | | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property
Ƒ
31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h) | Ƒ
71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay
Ƒ
72-Injunctive relief – other | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge
Ƒ
41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e) | FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest
Ƒ
81-Subordination of claim or interest | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation
Ƒ
51-Revocation of confirmation | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment
Ƒ
91-Declaratory judgment | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability
Ƒ
66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims
Ƒ
62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation, | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action
Ƒ
01-Determination of removed claim or cause | | | | |\n| actual fraud
Ƒ
67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny | Other
Ƒ
SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq. | | | | |\n| (continued next column) | Ƒ | 02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court
if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | | |\n| ƑCheck if this case involves a substantive issue of state law
✔ | | ƑCheck if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23 | | | |\n| Ƒ&KHFNLIDMXU\\trial is demanded in complaint | Demand \\$ | | | | |\n| Other Relief Sought | | | | | |\n\n#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR
Ho Wan Kwok | | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO.
22-50073 | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING
Connecticut | | DIVISION OFFICE
Bridgeport | NAME OF JUDGE
Julie A. Manning | |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFF | DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY
PROCEEDING NO. | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | |\n| /s/
Avram
E.
Luft | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| DATE | | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | |\n| February
15,
2024 | | Avram
E.
Luft | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n# **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\nIn re:\n\nHO WAN KWOK, *et al*.,1\n\nChapter 11\n\nCase No. 22-50073 (JAM)\n\nDebtors.\n\n(Jointly Administered)\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\nLUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE,\n\nPlaintiff,\n\nAdv. Proceeding No. [ ]\n\nv.\n\nFebruary 15, 2024\n\nLLC STZ FUND NO. 1,\n\nDefendant.\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF POSTPETITION TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 549 AND 550**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the\n\nchapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this\n\n1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\nadversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant LLC Stz Fund No. 1 (the \"Defendant\"), stating as follows:\n\n### **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding to avoid and recover transfers of property of the Debtor's estate perpetrated by the Debtor after the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case and not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or under Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\").\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter-ego shell companies Himalaya International Clearing Ltd and Himalaya International Financial Group Ltd. (together, \"Himalaya\") transferred funds in the amount of \\$3,000,000 after the Petition Date (as defined herein) to the Defendant as initial transferee.\n\n3. Because these postpetition transfers of estate property were not authorized by the Court or under the Bankruptcy Code, they are subject to avoidance and recovery under sections 549 and 550 of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n#### **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b).\n\n5. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(a).\n\n6. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include 11 U.S.C. §§ 549 and 550.\n\n### **THE PARTIES**\n\n7. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n8. Upon information and belief, the Defendant is a Japanese Limited Company, with an address at 7-11-5 Tsukiji Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, Japan.\n\n### **FACTS**\n\n#### **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n9. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the Bankruptcy Code on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Court\" or \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the above-captioned chapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\").\n\n10. On March 21, 2022, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n11. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities.2 While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and/or transferred through his many alter-ego shell companies, including Himalaya.\n\n12. On June 15, 2022, the Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11 trustee in the\n\n2 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 (Main Case, Docket No. 78).\n\nChapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the Trustee. On July 8, 2022, the Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n### **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n13. Himalaya3 is among the numerous alter-ego shell companies used by the Debtor to defraud his creditors. For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members and subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use, spend, and transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets while concealing his property from creditors.\n\n14. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell companies were his alter-egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief.4\n\n15. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from other Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n3 The Trustee has or will imminently commence an adversary proceeding against Himalaya International Clearing Ltd and Himalaya International Financial Group Ltd., which adversary proceeding seeks, among other things, a declaratory judgment that Himalaya International Clearing Ltd. and Himalaya International Financial Group Ltd. are alter egos of the Debtor. The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in such adversary proceeding. 4\n\nThese include the following adversary proceedings: (i) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]; (vi) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited [Adv. Proc. 23- 05018]; and (vii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. 23-05023].\n\n16. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including Himalaya, as personal piggy-banks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries on their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos perpetuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme. The property of these alter egos, including Himalaya, was at all times property of the Debtor.\n\n#### **C. Debtor's Shell Game and Fraud Continues Postpetition**\n\n17. As of the Petition Date, all of the Debtor's property held through his alter egos, including Himalaya, became property of the chapter 11 estate. *See* 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1).\n\n18. Following the Petition Date, the Debtor, with blatant disregard for the Bankruptcy Court and his obligations under the Bankruptcy Code, continued to effectuate transfers through numerous alter-ego shell companies, including, without limitation, Himalaya.\n\n19. None of these postpetition transfers were authorized by the Bankruptcy Court nor were such transfers authorized under the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n#### **D. Transfers to the Defendant**\n\n20. Subsequent to the Petition Date, the Debtor, through shell companies including Himalaya, or otherwise, transferred property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate to the Defendant (collectively, the \"Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n21. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of the Debtor's estate.\n\n22. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfers.\n\n### **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n## **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Unauthorized Postpetition Transfers pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 549 and 550(a))**\n\n23. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-22 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n24. The Transfers were made to the Defendant by the Debtor, including through his alter-ego shell companies, Himalaya.\n\n25. The Transfers occurred after the Petition Date.\n\n26. The Transfers were not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or by the Bankruptcy\n\nCode.\n\n27. The Transfers constituted the unauthorized transfer of property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate.\n\n28. The Transfers are avoidable pursuant to section 549(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n29. Pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code, the Trustee is entitled to recover the Transfers, or the value thereof, from the Defendant plus interest thereon to the date of payment and the costs of this action.\n\n#### **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. An order (a) declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$3,00,000 are avoided pursuant to section 549 of the Bankruptcy Code; and (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n6\n\n2. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n3. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n[*Remainder of page intentionally left blank*.]\n\nDated: February 15, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: */s/ Avram E. Luft*\n\n Avram E. Luft (admitted pro hac vice) Douglass Barron (admitted pro hac vice) PAUL HASTINGS LLP 200 Park Avenue New York, New York 10166 (212) 318-6000 aluft@paulhastings.com douglassbarron@paulhastings.com\n\n*and*\n\nDouglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 dskalka@npmlaw.com plinsey@npmlaw.com\n\n*Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\n## **SCHEDULE A**\n\nFiled Under Seal","body_zh":"B1040（FORM 1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗程序封面页\n（说明见背面）　对抗程序编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n原告　被告\nLLC STZ\nFund\nNo.\n\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第 11 章受托人\n律师（律师事务所名称、地址和电话号码）　律师\n（如已知）\nAvram E. Luft（阿夫拉姆·E·卢夫特）和 Douglass Barron（道格拉斯·巴伦）\nPaul Hastings LLP（保罗·黑斯廷斯律师事务所），200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166\n(212) 318-6000\n当事人（仅勾选一项）\nƑ债务人\nƑ美国\n受托人/破产管理人\nƑ债权人\nƑ其他\nƑ受托人\n✔　当事人（仅勾选一项）\nƑ债务人\nƑ美国受托人/破产\n管理人\nƑ债权人\nƑ其他\nƑ受托人\n诉因　（简要说明诉因，包括所涉全部美国法条）\n第 11 章受托人提起的请求撤销和追回欺诈性转让及破产申请后转让，并根据《破产法典》第\n\n条及第\n\n条寻求相关救济的起诉状\n\n诉讼性质\n（最多勾选五（5）项，从主要诉因起依次编号为 1、第一备选诉因为 2、第二备选诉因为 3，依此类推。）\n\nFRBP 7001(1) – 追回金钱/财产\nƑ\n11－追回金钱/财产－§542 财产返还　FRBP 7001(6)－可免责性（续）\nƑ\n61－可免责性－§523(a)(5)，家庭扶养义务\nƑ\n12－追回金钱/财产－§547 优先受偿转让　Ƒ\n68－可免责性－§523(a)(6)，故意和恶意损害\nƑ\n13－追回金钱/财产－§548 欺诈性转让\n✔　Ƒ\n63－可免责性－§523(a)(8)，学生贷款\nƑ\n14－追回金钱/财产－其他　Ƒ\n64－可免责性－§523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\nFRBP 7001(2)－留置权的有效性、优先权或范围\nƑ\n21－留置权或其他财产权益的有效性、优先权或范围　（家庭扶养义务除外）\nƑ\n65－可免责性－其他\nFRBP 7001(7)－禁令救济\nFRBP 7001(3)－批准出售财产\nƑ\n31－批准出售破产财产及共同所有人财产－§363(h)　Ƒ\n71－禁令救济－施加中止\nƑ\n72－禁令救济－其他\nFRBP 7001(4)－异议/撤销免责\nƑ\n41－对免责提出异议/撤销免责－§727(c),(d),(e)　FRBP 7001(8) 债权或权益的劣后受偿\nƑ\n81－债权或权益的劣后受偿\nFRBP 7001(5)－撤销确认\nƑ\n51－撤销确认　FRBP 7001(9) 确认之诉\nƑ\n91－确认之诉\nFRBP 7001(6)－可免责性\nƑ\n66－可免责性－§523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税收债权\nƑ\n62－可免责性－§523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述，　FRBP 7001(10) 已移送诉讼的裁定\nƑ\n01－已移送债权或诉因的裁定\n实际欺诈\nƑ\n67－可免责性－§523(a)(4)，受托人欺诈、侵占、盗窃　其他\nƑ\nSS－SIPA 案件－15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\n（续下栏）　Ƒ　02－其他（例如，如与破产案件无关本应在州法院提起的其他诉讼）\nƑ如本案涉及州法的实质性争议，请勾选\n✔　Ƒ如主张本案为根据 FRCP 23 提起的集体诉讼，请勾选\nƑ如起诉状中要求陪审团审判，请勾选　请求金额 \\$\n请求的其他救济\nB1040（FORM 1040）（12/15）\n\n本对抗程序所源自的破产案件\n\n债务人姓名\nHo Wan Kwok（郭文贵）　破产案件编号\n22-50073\n案件待决地区\nConnecticut（康涅狄格州）　分院办公地点\nBridgeport（布里奇波特）　法官姓名\nJulie A. Manning（朱莉·A·曼宁）\n相关对抗程序（如有）\n原告　被告　对抗\n程序编号\n对抗程序待决地区　分院办公地点　法官姓名\n律师（或原告）签名\n/s/\nAvram\nE.\nLuft\n\n日期　律师（或原告）正楷姓名\nFebruary\n15,\n2024　Avram\nE.\nLuft\n说明\n\n破产案件的提出将在破产法院管辖下设立一项“破产财产”，其由债务人的全部财产组成，无论该等财产位于何处。由于破产财产范围极广，且法院管辖权十分广泛，可能会就破产财产或其财产权利发生诉讼。也可能发生有关债务人免责的诉讼。如该等诉讼在破产法院提起，则称为对抗程序。\n\n提出对抗程序的一方还必须填写并提交 Form 1040《对抗程序封面页》，但该方通过法院案件管理/电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提交对抗程序的除外。（CM/ECF 在提交过程中采集 Form 1040 上的信息。）填写完成后，封面页概述对抗程序的基本信息。法院书记员需要该等信息以处理对抗程序并编制关于法院活动的必要统计报告。\n\n封面页及其中所载信息不替代或补充法律、《破产规则》或法院地方法规要求提交和送达的诉状或其他文件。封面页大致不言自明，必须由原告的律师填写（如原告未由律师代理，则由原告填写）。每一份提交的起诉状均须向书记员单独提交一份封面页。\n\n原告和被告。请准确填写起诉状中所载的原告和被告姓名。\n\n律师。如已知，请填写律师的姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。在第一栏为原告勾选最适当的方框，并在第二栏为被告勾选最适当的方框。\n\n请求金额。填写起诉状中请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面页必须由登记在案的律师在表格第二页的方框内签署。如原告由律师事务所代理，该律师事务所的一名成员必须签署。如原告自行诉讼，即未由律师代理，则原告必须签署。\n美国康涅狄格州联邦破产法院布里奇波特分院\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\n关于：\n\nHO WAN KWOK（郭文贵）等人，1\n\n第 11 章\n\n案件编号 22-50073 (JAM)\n\n债务人。\n\n（合并管理）\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第 11 章受托人，\n\n原告，\n\n对抗程序编号 [ ]\n\n诉\n\nFebruary 15, 2024\n\nLLC STZ FUND NO. 1，\n\n被告。\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n第 11 章受托人根据《破产法典》第 549 条和第 550 条提起的请求撤销和追回破产申请后转让及相关救济的起诉状\n\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）以其获指定担任 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（以下简称“债务人”或“Kwok”）第 11 章案件（以下简称“第 11 章案件”）第 11 章受托人（以下简称“受托人”）的身份，提交本\n\n1 本第 11 章案件中的债务人为 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（亦称 Guo Wengui、Miles Guo 和 Miles Kwok，以及众多其他别名）（税务识别号末四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（税务识别号末四位：8202）和 Genever Holdings Corporation。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC 和 Genever Holdings Corporation 的邮寄地址为 Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，c/o Luc A. Despins，作为 Ho Wan Kwok 破产财产的受托人（仅为通知和通信之目的）。\n\n对 LLC Stz Fund No. 1（以下简称“被告”）提起的对抗性起诉状（以下简称“起诉状”），陈述如下：\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人提起本对抗程序，以撤销和追回债务人在本第 11 章案件开始后实施、且未经破产法院或《美国法典》第 11 编（以下简称“破产法典”）授权的债务人破产财产转让。\n\n2. 债务人通过其另我空壳公司 Himalaya International Clearing Ltd 和 Himalaya International Financial Group Ltd.（合称“Himalaya”），在申请日后（定义见下文）向作为初始受让人的被告转让了金额为 \\$3,000,000 的资金。\n\n3. 因为这些破产财产的破产申请后转让未经法院或《破产法典》授权，故可根据《破产法典》第 549 条和第 550 条予以撤销和追回。\n管辖权和审判地\n\n4. 本院根据 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b) 对本对抗程序具有事项管辖权。\n\n5. 本对抗程序已根据 28 U.S.C. § 157(a) 移交本院审理。\n\n6. 本案所请求救济的法定依据包括 11 U.S.C. §§ 549 和 550。\n当事人\n\n7. 受托人系第 11 章案件中的第 11 章受托人，依照破产法院于 July 8, 2022 作出的裁定[案件编号 22-50073（以下简称“主案”）案卷编号 523]获任命。\n\n8. 据知悉和相信，被告是一家日本有限公司，地址为 7-11-5 Tsukiji Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, Japan。\n事实\nA. 第 11 章案件\n\n9. 债务人于 February 15, 2022 在 United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut（康涅狄格州联邦破产法院）（以下简称“本院”或“破产法院”）根据《破产法典》《美国法典》第 11 编第 11 章自愿提交救济申请（以下简称“申请日”），从而启动上述标题所列的第 11 章案件（以下简称“第 11 章案件”）。\n\n10. 于 March 21, 2022，美国受托人办公室在本第 11 章案件中指定了一个无担保债权人正式委员会。尚未指定审查员。\n\n11. 债务人于 March 2022 向破产法院提交的破产财产清单称，其拥有 \\$3,850 的资产，并负有数亿美元的债务。2 尽管债务人确实债务深重，但其清单未披露债务人通过其众多另我空壳公司（包括 Himalaya）持有和/或转让的财产。\n\n12. 于 June 15, 2022，本院作出裁判备忘录及裁定[主案案卷编号 465]，指示美国受托人在第 11 章案件中指定一名第 11 章受托人。依照该裁定，美国受托人选定 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）担任受托人。于 July 8, 2022，本院作出裁定，批准指定 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）担任第 11 章案件的受托人[主案案卷编号 523]。\nB. 债务人使用空壳公司及受托人的对抗程序\n\n13. Himalaya3 是债务人用于欺诈其债权人的众多另我空壳公司之一。多年以来，债务人策划了一场“空壳游戏”，利用由家庭成员和下属名义持有、但实际上由债务人控制的错综复杂的空壳公司网络。该空壳游戏使债务人能够使用、花费和转让数百万美元的现金及其他资产，同时向债权人隐匿其财产。\n\n14. 自受任以来，受托人已在第 11 章案件中提起多项对抗程序，除其他事项外，以确认债务人的空壳公司系其另我和/或该等公司及其资产在衡平法上归债务人所有，并且破产法院已在若干案件中准予该等救济。4\n\n15. 这些诉讼中的事实模式一贯包括：(i) 由近亲和/或下属持有的、受债务人控制的空壳公司；(ii) 以来自其他受债务人控制实体的现金购得和/或无对价转让给及在空壳实体之间转让的资产；以及 (iii) 债务人从该等资产中获益，并对该等资产享有控制权和支配权。\n\n3 受托人已经或将立即对 Himalaya International Clearing Ltd 和 Himalaya International Financial Group Ltd. 提起对抗程序；该对抗程序除其他事项外，请求作出确认判决，确认 Himalaya International Clearing Ltd. 和 Himalaya International Financial Group Ltd. 为债务人的另我。受托人特此通过援引将受托人在该对抗程序中提交的起诉状纳入本案。4\n\n其中包括以下对抗程序：(i) Luc A. Despins（吕克·A·德斯潘），第11章受托人诉 HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC（香港国际基金投资（美国）有限公司）等 [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Greenwich Land LLC（格林尼治地产有限责任公司）等 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Mei Guo（梅国） [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 HCHK Technologies, Inc.（HCHK技术公司）等 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Taurus Fund LLC（金牛基金有限责任公司）等 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Golden Spring (New York) Limited（黄金泉〔纽约〕有限公司）[Adv. Proc. 23-05018]；以及 (vii) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Lamp Capital LLC（朗普资本有限责任公司）等 [Adv. Proc. 23-05023]。\n\n16. 债务人还将其包括 Himalaya（喜马拉雅）在内的化身实体用作私人提款机，资助其本人及其家人已习以为常的奢靡生活方式，同时将资产隐匿于这些化身实体中以逃避其债权人，并阻碍及拖延债权人就其债权获得追偿。债务人通过这些化身实体实施的转让延续了债务人的欺诈计划。包括 Himalaya 在内的这些化身实体的财产，在任何时候均为债务人的财产。\n\nC. 债务人的障眼法及欺诈行为在申请后继续进行\n\n17. 截至申请日，债务人通过其包括 Himalaya 在内的化身实体持有的全部财产，均成为第11章破产财产。见 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1)。\n\n18. 申请日后，债务人公然无视 Bankruptcy Court（破产法院）及其在 Bankruptcy Code（破产法典）项下的义务，继续通过众多作为其化身的空壳公司实施转让，包括但不限于 Himalaya。\n\n19. 这些申请后转让均未经破产法院授权，亦未获破产法典授权。\n\nD. 向被告作出的转让\n\n20. 申请日后，债务人通过包括 Himalaya 在内的空壳公司，或以其他方式，向被告转让了债务人第11章破产财产的财产（统称“转让”），包括但不限于如下：\n\n见随附并构成本文件一部分的附表A。\n\n21. 在转让时，债务人对债务人破产财产的债权人负有未清偿义务。\n\n22. 被告是转让的初始受让人。\n\n第一项请求\n（根据破产法典第549条和第550(a)条请求撤销并追偿未经授权的申请后转让）\n\n23. 受托人重述并再次主张第1至22段所载指控，如同在本文中完整列明。\n\n24. 转让由债务人向被告作出，包括通过其化身空壳公司 Himalaya 作出。\n\n25. 转让发生于申请日后。\n\n26. 转让未经破产法院或破产法典授权。\n\n27. 转让构成对债务人第11章破产财产财产的未经授权的转让。\n\n28. 根据破产法典第549(a)条，转让可予撤销。\n\n29. 根据破产法典第550(a)条，受托人有权向被告追偿转让或其价值，外加截至付款之日的利息及本案费用。\n\n救济请求\n\n因此，基于上述理由，受托人谨请求作出如下判决：\n\n1. 作出裁定，(a) 宣告金额不低于 $3,00,000 的转让根据破产法典第549条予以撤销；以及 (b) 命令撤销该等转让；以及 (c) 根据破产法典第550(a)(1)条，为债务人破产财产的利益，向被告追偿转让，或由受托人选择追偿其价值；\n\n2. 向受托人裁定自提交本起诉状之日起至本案判决之日止按最高法定利率计算的判决前利息；以及\n\n3. 法院在此情形下认为公正、适当或衡平的其他及进一步救济。\n\n[本页其余部分有意留白。]\n\n日期：February 15, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS\n第11章受托人\n\n签署人：/s/ Avram E. Luft\n\nAvram E. Luft（阿夫拉姆·E·卢夫特）（获准以临时出庭资格执业）\nDouglass Barron（道格拉斯·巴伦）（获准以临时出庭资格执业）\nPAUL HASTINGS LLP（普衡律师事务所）\n200 Park Avenue\nNew York, New York 10166\n(212) 318-6000\naluft@paulhastings.com\ndouglassbarron@paulhastings.com\n\n以及\n\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡）(ct00616)\nPatrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）(ct29437)\nNEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.（诺伊伯特、佩佩及蒙蒂思律师事务所）\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor\nNew Haven, Connecticut 06510\n(203) 781-2847\ndskalka@npmlaw.com\nplinsey@npmlaw.com\n\n第11章受托人代理律师\n\n附表A\n\n密封提交","key_entities":["Himalaya","Despins","Kwok","Ho Wan Kwok","Je","Guo","Paul Hastings","Miles Guo","HCHK","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[],"word_count":2724,"status":"published","published_at":null,"created_at":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-23 18:27:43"}