{"id":"court_ctb_2913_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":2913,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":null,"title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse) | | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | | |\n|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS
Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee | DEFENDANTS
Smaragdos
Mamzeris | | | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.)
Avram E. Luft and Douglass Barron
Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166
(212) 318-6000 | ATTORNEYS
(If Known) | | | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only)
Ƒ'HEWRU
Ƒ86
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin
Ƒ&UHGLWRU
Ƒ2WKHU
Ƒ7UXVWHH
✔
CAUSE OF ACTION | PARTY (Check One Box Only)
ƑDebtor
ƑU.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin
ƑCreditor
ƑOther
ƑTrustee
(WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED) | | | | |\n| Complaint
of
Chapter
11
Trustee
seeking
avoidance
and
recovery
of
postpetition
transfers
and
related
relief
pursuant
to
Bankruptcy
Code
Sections
549
and
550 | | | | | |\n| NATURE OF SUIT
(Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property
Ƒ
11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property
Ƒ
12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference
Ƒ
13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
Ƒ
✔
14-Recovery of money/property - other
FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
Ƒ
21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property | Ƒ
Ƒ
Ƒ
Ƒ
Ƒ | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued)
61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support
68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury
63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan
64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation
(other than domestic support)
65-Dischargeability - other | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property
Ƒ
31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h) | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief
Ƒ
71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay
Ƒ
72-Injunctive relief – other | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge
Ƒ
41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e) | FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest
Ƒ
81-Subordination of claim or interest | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation
Ƒ
51-Revocation of confirmation | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment
Ƒ
91-Declaratory judgment | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability
Ƒ
66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims
Ƒ
62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation,
actual fraud
Ƒ
67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny
(continued next column) | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action
Ƒ
01-Determination of removed claim or cause
Other
Ƒ
SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.
Ƒ
02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court
if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | | | |\n| ƑCheck if this case involves a substantive issue of state law
✔ | ƑCheck if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23 | | | | |\n| Ƒ&KHFNLIDMXU\\trial is demanded in complaint
Other Relief Sought | Demand \\$ | | | | |\n\n#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR
Ho Wan Kwok | | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO.
22-50073 | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING
Connecticut | | DIVISION OFFICE
Bridgeport | NAME OF JUDGE
Julie A. Manning | |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFF | DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY
PROCEEDING NO. | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | |\n| /s/
Avram
E.
Luft | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| DATE | | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | |\n| February
15,
2024 | | Avram
E.
Luft | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n# **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\nIn re:\n\nHO WAN KWOK, *et al*.,1\n\nChapter 11\n\nFebruary 15, 2024\n\nCase No. 22-50073 (JAM)\n\nDebtors.\n\n(Jointly Administered)\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\nLUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE,\n\nPlaintiff,\n\nAdv. Proceeding No. [ ]\n\nv.\n\nSMARAGDOS MAMZERIS,\n\n Defendant. ------------------------------------------------------\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF POSTPETITION TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 549 AND 550**\n\nx\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the\n\nchapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this\n\nadversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant Smaragdos Mamzeris (the \"Defendant\"),\n\nstating as follows:\n\n1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\n#### **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding to avoid and recover transfers of property of the Debtor's estate perpetrated by the Debtor after the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case and not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or under Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\").\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter-ego shell company Hamilton Investment Management Ltd. and Hamilton Capital Holding Ltd. (together, \"Hamilton\") transferred funds in the amount of \\$1,850,000 after the Petition Date (as defined herein) to the Defendant as initial transferee.\n\n3. Because these postpetition transfers of estate property were not authorized by the Court or under the Bankruptcy Code, they are subject to avoidance and recovery under sections 549 and 550 of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b).\n\n5. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(a).\n\n6. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include 11 U.S.C. §§ 549 and 550.\n\n### **THE PARTIES**\n\n7. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n8. Upon information and belief, the Defendant is an individual with an address at 13 Phillimore Gardens, London, NW8 0AY.\n\n### **FACTS**\n\n### **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n9. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the Bankruptcy Code on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Court\" or \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the above-captioned chapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\").\n\n10. On March 21, 2022, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n11. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities.2 While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and/or transferred through his many alter-ego shell companies, including Hamilton.\n\n12. On June 15, 2022, the Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the Trustee. On July 8, 2022, the Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n2 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 (Main Case, Docket No. 78).\n\n### **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n13. Hamilton is among the numerous alter-ego shell companies used by the Debtor to defraud his creditors.3 For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members and subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use, spend, and transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets while concealing his property from creditors.\n\n14. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell companies were his alter-egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief.4\n\n15. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from other Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n16. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including Hamilton, as personal piggy-banks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries\n\n3 The Trustee has or will imminently commence an adversary proceeding against Hamilton Investment Management Ltd. and Hamilton Capital Holding Ltd., which adversary proceeding seeks, among other things, a declaratory judgment that Hamilton Investment Management Ltd. and Hamilton Capital Holding Ltd. are alter egos of the Debtor. The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in such adversary proceeding. 4\n\nThese include the following adversary proceedings: (i) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]; (vi) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited [Adv. Proc. 23- 05018]; and (vii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. 23-05023].\n\non their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos perpetuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme. The property of these alter egos, including Hamilton, was at all times property of the Debtor.\n\n### **C. Debtor's Shell Game and Fraud Continues Postpetition**\n\n17. As of the Petition Date, all of the Debtor's property held through his alter egos, including Hamilton, became property of the chapter 11 estate. *See* 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1).\n\n18. Following the Petition Date, the Debtor, with blatant disregard for the Bankruptcy Court and his obligations under the Bankruptcy Code, continued to effectuate transfers through numerous alter-ego shell companies, including, without limitation, Hamilton.\n\n19. None of these postpetition transfers were authorized by the Bankruptcy Court nor were such transfers authorized under the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **D. Transfers to the Defendant**\n\n20. Subsequent to the Petition Date, the Debtor, through shell companies including Hamilton, or otherwise, transferred property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate to the Defendant (collectively, the \"Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n21. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of the Debtor's estate.\n\n22. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfers.\n\n### **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Unauthorized Postpetition Transfers pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 549 and 550(a))**\n\n23. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-22 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n24. The Transfers were made to the Defendant by the Debtor, including through his alter-ego shell companies, Hamilton.\n\n25. The Transfers occurred after the Petition Date.\n\n26. The Transfers were not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or by the Bankruptcy\n\nCode.\n\n27. The Transfers constituted the unauthorized transfer of property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate.\n\n28. The Transfers are avoidable pursuant to section 549(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n29. Pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code, the Trustee is entitled to recover the Transfers, or the value thereof, from the Defendant plus interest thereon to the date of payment and the costs of this action.\n\n#### **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. An order (a) declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$1,850,000 are avoided pursuant to section 549 of the Bankruptcy Code; and (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n3. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n[*Remainder of page intentionally left blank*.]\n\nDated: February 15, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: */s/ Avram E. Luft*\n\n Avram E. Luft (admitted pro hac vice) Douglass Barron (admitted pro hac vice) PAUL HASTINGS LLP 200 Park Avenue New York, New York 10166 (212) 318-6000 aviluft@paulhastings.com douglassbarron@paulhastings.com\n\n*and*\n\nDouglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 dskalka@npmlaw.com plinsey@npmlaw.com\n\n*Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\n# **SCHEDULE A**\n\nFiled Under Seal","body_zh":"B1040（FORM 1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗程序封面页\n（背面说明）　对抗程序编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n原告\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人　被告\nSmaragdos Mamzeris（斯马拉格多斯·马姆泽里斯）\n律师（律师事务所名称、地址及电话号码）\nAvram E. Luft（阿夫拉姆·E·卢夫特）和 Douglass Barron（道格拉斯·巴伦）\nPaul Hastings LLP（保尔·哈斯廷斯律师事务所），200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166\n(212) 318-6000　律师\n（如已知）\n当事人（仅勾选一个方框）\nƑ债务人\nƑ美国受托人\n☑受托人/破产管理人\nƑ债权人\nƑ其他\nƑ受托人\n\n诉因　当事人（仅勾选一个方框）\nƑ债务人\nƑ美国受托人/破产管理人\nƑ债权人\nƑ其他\nƑ受托人\n（简要说明诉因，包括所涉及的全部美国法条）\n第11章受托人依据《破产法典》第549条和第550条寻求撤销及追回破产申请后转让以及相关救济的起诉状\n\n诉讼性质\n（最多为五（5）个方框编号，以主要诉因为1、第一个备选诉因为2、第二个备选诉因为3，依此类推）\nFRBP 7001(1) – 追回金钱/财产\nƑ\n11-追回金钱/财产 - §542 财产返还\nƑ\n12-追回金钱/财产 - §547 优先受偿\nƑ\n13-追回金钱/财产 - §548 欺诈性转让\nƑ\n☑\n14-追回金钱/财产 - 其他\n\nFRBP 7001(2) – 留置权的有效性、优先权或范围\nƑ\n21-留置权或其他财产权益的有效性、优先权或范围　Ƒ\nƑ\nƑ\nƑ\nƑ　FRBP 7001(6) – 可免除性（续）\n61-可免除性 - §523(a)(5)，家庭扶养\n68-可免除性 - §523(a)(6)，故意及恶意损害\n63-可免除性 - §523(a)(8)，学生贷款\n64-可免除性 - §523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\n（家庭扶养除外）\n65-可免除性 - 其他\n\nFRBP 7001(3) – 批准出售财产\nƑ\n31-批准出售破产财产及共同所有人财产 - §363(h)　FRBP 7001(7) – 禁令救济\nƑ\n71-禁令救济 – 施加中止\nƑ\n72-禁令救济 – 其他\n\nFRBP 7001(4) – 对免除债务提出异议/撤销免除\nƑ\n41-对免除债务提出异议/撤销免除 - §727(c),(d),(e)　FRBP 7001(8) 债权或权益的劣后\nƑ\n81-债权或权益的劣后\n\nFRBP 7001(5) – 撤销确认\nƑ\n51-撤销确认　FRBP 7001(9) 确认判决\nƑ\n91-确认判决\n\nFRBP 7001(6) – 可免除性\nƑ\n66-可免除性 - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税款债权\nƑ\n62-可免除性 - §523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述、\n实际欺诈\nƑ\n67-可免除性 - §523(a)(4)，作为受托人的欺诈、侵占、盗窃\n（续见下一栏）　FRBP 7001(10) 对移送诉讼的认定\nƑ\n01-对移送债权或诉因的认定\n\n其他\nƑ\nSS-SIPA 案件 – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\nƑ\n02-其他（例如，如与破产案件无关则本应在州法院提起的其他诉讼）\nƑ如本案涉及州法实体问题，请勾选\n☑　Ƒ如主张本案为根据 FRCP 23 提起的集体诉讼，请勾选\nƑ如起诉状中要求陪审团审判，请勾选\n所请求的其他救济　请求金额 \\$\n\nB1040（FORM 1040）（12/15）\n\n本对抗程序所由产生的破产案件\n\n债务人姓名\nHo Wan Kwok（郭文贵）　破产案件编号\n22-50073\n案件审理地区\nConnecticut（康涅狄格州）　分院办公室\nBridgeport（布里奇波特）　法官姓名\nJulie A. Manning（朱莉·A·曼宁）\n相关对抗程序（如有）\n原告　被告　对抗\n程序编号\n对抗程序审理地区　分院办公室　法官姓名\n律师（或原告）签名\n/s/\nAvram\nE.\nLuft\n\n日期　律师（或原告）姓名正楷\nFebruary\n15,\n2024　Avram\nE.\nLuft\n\n说明\n\n提交破产案件会在破产法院管辖范围内设立一项“财产集合”，其由债务人的全部财产构成，无论该等财产位于何处。由于破产财产集合范围广泛且法院管辖权十分宽泛，可能会就该财产集合的财产或财产权利发生诉讼。也可能会发生有关债务人债务免除的诉讼。如在破产法院提起此类诉讼，则称为对抗程序。\n\n提起对抗程序的一方还必须填写并提交 Form 1040，即对抗程序封面页，除非该方通过法院的案件管理/电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提交对抗程序。（CM/ECF 会在提交过程中获取 Form 1040 中的信息。）填写完成后，封面页概述对抗程序的基本信息。法院书记员需要该等信息以处理对抗程序，并编制所需的法院活动统计报告。\n\n封面页及其中所载信息不取代或补充法律、《破产规则》或法院地方法规所要求的诉状或其他文件的提交和送达。封面页大部分内容不言自明，必须由原告律师填写（如原告未由律师代理，则由原告填写）。每一份已提交的起诉状均须向书记员另行提交一份封面页。\n\n原告和被告。请准确按照起诉状中所示填写原告和被告的姓名。\n\n律师。如已知，请填写律师的姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。请在第一栏中为原告勾选最适当的方框，并在第二栏中为被告勾选最适当的方框。\n\n请求金额。填写起诉状中请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面页必须由登记在案的律师在表格第二页的方框内签署。如原告由律师事务所代理，必须由该所的一名成员签署。如原告自行诉讼，即未由律师代理，则必须由原告签署。\n\n美国康涅狄格州联邦破产法院布里奇波特分院\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\n关于：\n\nHO WAN KWOK（郭文贵）等人，1\n\n第11章\n\nFebruary 15, 2024\n\n案件编号 22-50073 (JAM)\n\n债务人。\n\n（合并管理）\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人，\n\n原告，\n\n对抗程序编号 [ ]\n\n诉\n\nSMARAGDOS MAMZERIS（斯马拉格多斯·马姆泽里斯），\n\n被告。------------------------------------------------------\n\n第11章受托人依据《破产法典》第549条和第550条寻求撤销及追回破产申请后转让以及相关救济的起诉状\n\nx\n\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）以其在 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（“债务人”或“Kwok”）第11章案件（“第11章案件”）中获任命的第11章受托人（“受托人”）身份，针对被告 Smaragdos Mamzeris（斯马拉格多斯·马姆泽里斯）（“被告”）提交本对抗起诉状（“起诉状”），陈述如下：\n\n1 本第11章案件中的债务人为 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（又名 Guo Wengui、Miles Guo 和 Miles Kwok，以及众多其他别名）（税务识别号码后四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（税务识别号码后四位：8202）以及 Genever Holdings Corporation。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC 和 Genever Holdings Corporation 的邮寄地址为 Paul Hastings LLP（保尔·哈斯廷斯律师事务所），200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，收件人为 Luc A. Despins，以 Ho Wan Kwok 财产集合受托人身份收件（仅用于通知和通信目的）。\n\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人提起本对抗程序，以撤销并追回债务人在本第11章案件开始后实施、且未经破产法院或《美国法典》第11编（“破产法典”）授权的债务人财产集合财产转让。\n\n2. 债务人通过其另我空壳公司 Hamilton Investment Management Ltd. 和 Hamilton Capital Holding Ltd.（合称“Hamilton”），在破产申请日（定义见下文）之后向作为初始受让人的被告转让了 $1,850,000 的资金。\n\n3. 由于这些破产申请后对财产集合财产的转让未经法院或《破产法典》授权，故该等转让可根据《破产法典》第549条和第550条予以撤销和追回。\n\n管辖权及审判地\n\n4. 本院依据 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b) 对本对抗程序享有事项管辖权。\n\n5. 本对抗程序已依据 28 U.S.C. § 157(a) 移交本院审理。\n\n6. 本案所请求救济的法定依据包括 11 U.S.C. §§ 549 和 550。\n\n当事人\n\n7. 受托人系第11章案件中的第11章受托人，依据破产法院于 July 8, 2022 作出的命令获任命 [案件编号 22-50073（“主案”）案卷编号 523]。\n\n8. 根据所知及相信，被告为一名个人，地址为 13 Phillimore Gardens, London, NW8 0AY。\n\n事实\n\nA. 第11章案件\n\n9. 债务人于 February 15, 2022 在 United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut（康涅狄格州联邦破产法院）（“法院”或“破产法院”）自愿提交根据《破产法典》《美国法典》第11编第11章请求救济的破产申请（“破产申请日”），从而启动上述标题所载第11章案件（“第11章案件”）。\n\n10. 于 March 21, 2022，Office of the United States Trustee（美国受托人办公室）在本第11章案件中指定了无担保债权人正式委员会。尚未指定审查员。\n\n11. 债务人于 March 2022 向破产法院提交的破产财产清单称，其拥有 $3,850 的资产，并已产生数亿美元的负债。2 尽管债务人确实负债累累，但其财产清单未披露债务人通过其众多另我空壳公司（包括 Hamilton）持有和/或转让的财产。\n\n12. 于 June 15, 2022，法院作出决定备忘录及命令 [主案件卷编号 465]，指示美国受托人在第11章案件中任命一名第11章受托人。根据该命令，美国受托人选定 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）担任受托人。于 July 8, 2022，法院作出命令，批准任命 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）为第11章案件的受托人 [主案件卷编号 523]。\n\n2 资产和负债清单，第1页（主案，案卷编号 78）。\n\nB. 债务人对空壳公司的使用及受托人的对抗程序\n\n13. Hamilton 是债务人用于欺诈其债权人的众多另我空壳公司之一。3 多年来，债务人策划了一场“空壳游戏”，利用由家庭成员和下属名义持有、但实际上由债务人控制的复杂空壳公司网络。该空壳游戏使债务人能够使用、花费和转让数百万美元现金及其他资产，同时向债权人隐瞒其财产。\n\n14. 自获任命以来，受托人已在第11章案件中提起多项对抗程序，其中包括确立债务人的空壳公司为其另我公司和/或该等公司及其资产在衡平法上由债务人所有，并且在若干案件中，破产法院已准予该等救济。4\n\n15. 这些诉讼中的事实模式一贯包括：(i) 由近亲和/或下属持有的受债务人控制的空壳公司，(ii) 以来自其他受债务人控制实体的现金购得和/或无对价转让给及在空壳实体之间转让的资产，以及 (iii) 债务人从该等资产中受益，并对该等资产拥有控制权及支配权。\n\n16. 债务人还将其另我公司（包括 Hamilton）用作私人钱袋，为他及其家人已经习惯的奢华生活方式提供资金，同时向其债权人隐瞒该等另我公司中的资产，并妨碍和拖延债权人的追回。\n\n3. 受托人已经或将立即对 Hamilton Investment Management Ltd.（汉密尔顿投资管理有限公司）和 Hamilton Capital Holding Ltd.（汉密尔顿资本控股有限公司）提起一项对抗程序；该对抗程序除其他事项外，请求作出宣告性判决，确认 Hamilton Investment Management Ltd. 和 Hamilton Capital Holding Ltd. 是债务人的另我。受托人在此通过援引将受托人在该对抗程序中提交的起诉书纳入本文。4\n\n这些对抗程序包括以下案件：(i) Luc A. Despins（吕克·A·德斯平），第11章受托人诉 HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC（香港国际基金投资〈美国〉有限公司）等 [对抗程序案号 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Greenwich Land LLC（格林威治土地有限责任公司）等 [对抗程序案号 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Mei Guo（郭梅）[对抗程序案号 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 HCHK Technologies, Inc.（HCHK科技公司）等 [对抗程序案号 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Taurus Fund LLC（金牛基金有限责任公司）等 [对抗程序案号 23-05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Golden Spring (New York) Limited（黄金泉〈纽约〉有限公司）[对抗程序案号 23-05018]；以及 (vii) Luc A. Despins，第11章受托人诉 Lamp Capital LLC（蓝普资本有限责任公司）等 [对抗程序案号 23-05023]。\n\n就其请求而言。债务人通过这些另我实施的转让延续了债务人的欺诈计划。这些另我（包括 Hamilton）的财产始终属于债务人的财产。\n\nC. 债务人的空壳公司骗局及欺诈在申请提交后仍在继续\n\n17. 截至申请日，债务人通过其另我持有的全部财产（包括 Hamilton）均成为第11章破产财产。见 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1)。\n\n18. 在申请日之后，债务人公然无视破产法院及其在《破产法典》下的义务，继续通过包括但不限于 Hamilton 在内的众多另我空壳公司实施转让。\n\n19. 上述任何申请提交后的转让均未经破产法院授权，亦未获《破产法典》授权。\n\nD. 向被告作出的转让\n\n20. 在申请日之后，债务人通过包括 Hamilton 在内的空壳公司，或以其他方式，向被告转让了债务人第11章破产财产的财产（统称“转让”），包括但不限于如下所列：\n\n见随附并构成本文一部分的附表A。\n\n21. 在作出转让时，债务人对债务人破产财产的债权人负有未清偿义务。\n\n22. 被告是该等转让的初始受让人。\n\n第一项请求\n（依据《破产法典》第549条及第550(a)条提出的撤销及追回未经授权的申请提交后转让之请求）\n\n23. 受托人重述并再次主张第1至22段所载指控，如同在本文中完整列明。\n\n24. 债务人向被告作出了该等转让，包括通过其另我空壳公司 Hamilton 作出的转让。\n\n25. 该等转让发生于申请日之后。\n\n26. 该等转让未经破产法院或《破产法典》授权。\n\n27. 该等转让构成未经授权转让债务人第11章破产财产的财产。\n\n28. 根据《破产法典》第549(a)条，该等转让可被撤销。\n\n29. 根据《破产法典》第550(a)条，受托人有权向被告追回该等转让或其价值，并收取至付款日止的利息及本案费用。\n\n救济请求\n\n因此，基于上述理由，受托人谨请求作出如下判决：\n\n1. 作出命令：(a) 宣告金额不少于 \\$1,850,000 的该等转让依据《破产法典》第549条予以撤销；及 (b) 命令撤销该等转让；及 (c) 根据《破产法典》第550(a)(1)条，为债务人破产财产的利益，由被告返还该等转让，或由受托人选择返还其价值；\n\n2. 裁定自提交本起诉书之日起至本案判决之日止，按最高法定利率向受托人支付判决前利息；及\n\n3. 法院在该等情形下认为公正、适当或衡平的其他及进一步救济。\n\n[本页其余部分特意留白。]\n\n日期：February 15, 2024　New Haven（康涅狄格州纽黑文）\n\nLUC A. DESPINS\n第11章受托人\n\n签署人：/s/ Avram E. Luft\n\nAvram E. Luft（艾夫拉姆·E·拉夫特）（获准临时出庭）\nDouglass Barron（道格拉斯·巴伦）（获准临时出庭）\nPAUL HASTINGS LLP（保罗·哈斯廷斯律师事务所）\n200 Park Avenue\nNew York（纽约州纽约市）10166\n(212) 318-6000\naviluft@paulhastings.com\ndouglassbarron@paulhastings.com\n\n以及\n\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡）(ct00616)\nPatrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）(ct29437)\nNEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.（纽伯特、佩佩和蒙蒂思律师事务所）\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor\nNew Haven（康涅狄格州纽黑文）06510\n(203) 781-2847\ndskalka@npmlaw.com\nplinsey@npmlaw.com\n\n第11章受托人的代理律师\n\n附表A\n\n密封提交","key_entities":["Despins","Kwok","Ho Wan Kwok","Je","Guo","Paul Hastings","Miles Guo","HCHK","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[],"word_count":2610,"status":"published","published_at":null,"created_at":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-23 18:34:54"}