{"id":"court_ctb_2914_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":2914,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":null,"title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse) | | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | | |\n|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS
Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee | DEFENDANTS
Siu
Ming
Je | | | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.)
Avram E. Luft and Douglass Barron
Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166
(212) 318-6000 | ATTORNEYS
(If Known) | | | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only)
Ƒ'HEWRU
Ƒ86
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin
Ƒ&UHGLWRU
Ƒ2WKHU
Ƒ7UXVWHH
✔
CAUSE OF ACTION | PARTY (Check One Box Only)
ƑDebtor
ƑU.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin
ƑCreditor
ƑOther
ƑTrustee
(WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED) | | | | |\n| Complaint
of
Chapter
11
Trustee
seeking
avoidance
and
recovery
of
postpetition
transfers
and
related
relief
pursuant
to
Bankruptcy
Code
Sections
549
and
550 | | | | | |\n| NATURE OF SUIT
(Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property
Ƒ
11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property
Ƒ
12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference
Ƒ
13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
Ƒ
✔
14-Recovery of money/property - other
FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
Ƒ
21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued)
Ƒ
61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support
Ƒ
68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury
Ƒ
63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan
Ƒ
64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation
(other than domestic support)
Ƒ
65-Dischargeability - other | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property
Ƒ
31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h) | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief
Ƒ
71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay
Ƒ
72-Injunctive relief – other | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge
Ƒ
41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e) | FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest
Ƒ
81-Subordination of claim or interest | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation
Ƒ
51-Revocation of confirmation | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment
Ƒ
91-Declaratory judgment | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability
Ƒ
66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims
Ƒ
62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation,
actual fraud
Ƒ
67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny
(continued next column) | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action
Ƒ
01-Determination of removed claim or cause
Other
Ƒ
SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.
Ƒ
02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court
if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | | | |\n| ƑCheck if this case involves a substantive issue of state law
✔ | ƑCheck if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23 | | | | |\n| Ƒ&KHFNLIDMXU\\trial is demanded in complaint
Other Relief Sought | Demand \\$ | | | | |\n\n#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR
Ho Wan Kwok | | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO.
22-50073 | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING
Connecticut | | DIVISION OFFICE
Bridgeport | NAME OF JUDGE
Julie A. Manning | |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFF | DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY
PROCEEDING NO. | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | |\n| /s/
Avram
E.
Luft | | | | |\n| | | | | |\n| DATE | | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | |\n| February
15,
2024 | | Avram
E.
Luft | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n## **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\nIn re:\n\nHO WAN KWOK, *et al*.,1\n\nDebtors.\n\nChapter 11\n\nCase No. 22-50073 (JAM)\n\n(Jointly Administered)\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\nLUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE,\n\nPlaintiff,\n\nv.\n\nFebruary 15, 2024\n\nAdv. Proceeding No. [ ]\n\nSIU MING JE,\n\nDefendant.\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\n## **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF POSTPETITION TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 549 AND 550**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the\n\nchapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this\n\nadversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant Siu Ming Je (the \"Defendant\"), stating\n\nas follows:\n\n1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\n#### **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding to avoid and recover transfers of property of the Debtor's estate effectuated by the Debtor after the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case and not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or under Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\").\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter-ego shell company, Himalaya International Clearing Ltd (\"Himalaya\"), transferred funds in the amount of \\$589,200.00 after the Petition Date (as defined herein) to the Defendant as initial transferee.\n\n3. Because this postpetition transfer of estate property was not authorized by the Court or under the Bankruptcy Code, it is subject to avoidance and recovery under sections 549 and 550 of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b).\n\n5. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(a).\n\n6. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include 11 U.S.C. §§ 549 and 550.\n\n## **THE PARTIES**\n\n7. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n8. The Defendant is Siu Ming Je, an individual with a residence at Flat A 56/F, BLK 16 1 Kin Tung Road Carribean Coast, Crystal Cove Lantau Island, Hong Kong, China.\n\n#### **FACTS**\n\n## **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n9. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the Bankruptcy Code on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Court\" or \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the above-captioned chapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\").\n\n10. On March 21, 2022, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n11. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities.2 While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and/or transferred through his many alter-ego shell companies, including Himalaya.\n\n12. On June 15, 2022, the Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the Trustee. On July 8, 2022, the Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n2 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 (Main Case, Docket No. 78).\n\n## **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n13. Himalaya is among the numerous alter-ego shell companies used by the Debtor to defraud his creditors.3 For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members and subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use, spend, and transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets while concealing his property from creditors.\n\n14. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell companies were his alter-egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief.4\n\n15. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from other Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n16. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including Himalaya, as personal piggy-banks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries\n\n3 The Trustee has or will imminently commence an adversary proceeding against Himalaya, which adversary proceeding seeks, among other things, a declaratory judgment that Himalaya is the alter ego of the Debtor. The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in such adversary proceeding.\n\n4 These include the following adversary proceedings: (i) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]; (vi) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited [Adv. Proc. 23- 05018]; and (vii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. 23-05023].\n\non their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos perpetuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme. The property of these alter egos, including Himalaya, was at all times property of the Debtor.\n\n## **C. Debtor's Shell Game and Fraud Continues Postpetition**\n\n17. As of the Petition Date, all of the Debtor's property held through his alter egos, including Himalaya, became property of the chapter 11 estate. *See* 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1).\n\n18. Following the Petition Date, the Debtor, with blatant disregard for the Bankruptcy Court and his obligations under the Bankruptcy Code, continued to effectuate transfers through numerous alter-ego shell companies, including, without limitation, Himalaya.\n\n19. None of these postpetition transfers were authorized by the Bankruptcy Court nor were such transfers authorized under the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n## **D. Transfers to the Defendant**\n\n20. Subsequent to the Petition Date, the Debtor, through shell companies including Himalaya, or otherwise, transferred property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate to the Defendant (collectively, the \"Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n21. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of\n\nthe Debtor's estate.\n\n22. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfers.\n\n# **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n## **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Unauthorized Postpetition Transfers pursuant to Bankruptcy Code Sections 549 and 550(a))**\n\n23. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-22 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n24. The Transfer was made to the Defendant by the Debtor, including through his alterego shell company, Himalaya.\n\n25. The Transfer occurred after the Petition Date.\n\n26. The Transfer was not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or by the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n27. The Transfer constituted the unauthorized transfer of property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate.\n\n28. The Transfer is avoidable pursuant to section 549(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n29. Pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code, the Trustee is entitled to recover the Transfer, or the value thereof, from the Defendant plus interest thereon to the date of payment and the costs of this action.\n\n## **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. An order (a) declaring that the Transfer in an amount not less than \\$589,200.00 is avoided pursuant to section 549 of the Bankruptcy Code; and (b) an order directing that the Transfer be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfer, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n3. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\nDated: February 15, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: */s/ Avram E. Luft*\n\n Avram E. Luft (admitted pro hac vice) Douglass Barron (admitted pro hac vice) PAUL HASTINGS LLP 200 Park Avenue New York, New York 10166 (212) 318-6000 aviluft@paulhastings.com douglassbarron@paulhastings.com\n\n*and*\n\nDouglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 dskalka@npmlaw.com plinsey@npmlaw.com\n\n*Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\n## **SCHEDULE A**\n\nFiled Under Seal","body_zh":"B1040（表格 1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗程序封面页\n（说明见背面）　对抗程序编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n原告\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第 11 章受托人　被告\nSiu Ming Je（萧明杰）\n律师（律师事务所名称、地址和电话号码）\nAvram E. Luft（埃夫拉姆·E·卢夫特）和 Douglass Barron（道格拉斯·巴伦）\nPaul Hastings LLP（普衡律师事务所），200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166\n(212) 318-6000　律师\n（如已知）\n当事人（仅勾选一个方框）\nƑ债务人\nƑ美国\n受托人/破产管理人\nƑ债权人\nƑ其他\nƑ受托人\n✔\n诉因　当事人（仅勾选一个方框）\nƑ债务人\nƑ美国受托人/破产\n管理人\nƑ债权人\nƑ其他\nƑ受托人\n（简要说明诉因，包括所涉全部美国法典条款）\n第 11 章受托人提起的诉状，请求依据《破产法典》第 549 条和第 550 条撤销并追回破产申请提交后进行的转让，以及获得相关救济\n\n诉讼性质\n（从主要诉因作为 1 开始，至多编号五（5）个方框；第一替代诉因为 2，第二替代诉因为 3，依此类推。）\nFRBP 7001(1) – 金钱/财产追回\nƑ\n11－金钱/财产追回－§542 财产返还\nƑ\n12－金钱/财产追回－§547 优先受偿\nƑ\n13－金钱/财产追回－§548 欺诈性转让\nƑ\n✔\n14－金钱/财产追回－其他\nFRBP 7001(2) – 留置权的有效性、优先顺位或范围\nƑ\n21－留置权或其他财产权益的有效性、优先顺位或范围　FRBP 7001(6) – 可免责性（续）\nƑ\n61－可免责性－§523(a)(5)，家庭扶养\nƑ\n68－可免责性－§523(a)(6)，故意及恶意损害\nƑ\n63－可免责性－§523(a)(8)，学生贷款\nƑ\n64－可免责性－§523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\n（家庭扶养义务除外）\nƑ\n65－可免责性－其他\nFRBP 7001(3) – 批准出售财产\nƑ\n31－批准出售破产财团及共同所有人的财产－§363(h)　FRBP 7001(7) – 禁令救济\nƑ\n71－禁令救济－施加中止\nƑ\n72－禁令救济－其他\nFRBP 7001(4) – 对免责提出异议/撤销免责\nƑ\n41－对免责提出异议/撤销免责－§727(c),(d),(e)　FRBP 7001(8) 债权或权益的劣后\nƑ\n81－债权或权益的劣后\nFRBP 7001(5) – 撤销确认\nƑ\n51－撤销确认　FRBP 7001(9) 确认判决\nƑ\n91－确认判决\nFRBP 7001(6) – 可免责性\nƑ\n66－可免责性－§523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税项债权\nƑ\n62－可免责性－§523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述、\n实际欺诈\nƑ\n67－可免责性－§523(a)(4)，作为受托人的欺诈、侵占、盗窃\n（续见下一栏）　FRBP 7001(10) 对移送诉讼的裁定\nƑ\n01－对移送的债权或诉因的裁定\n其他\nƑ\nSS－SIPA 案件－15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\nƑ\n02－其他（例如，如与破产案件无关本应在州法院提起的其他诉讼）\nƑ勾选如本案涉及州法的实体性问题\n✔　Ƒ勾选如主张本案为依据 FRCP 23 提起的集体诉讼\nƑ如诉状中请求陪审团审判，请勾选\n请求的其他救济　请求金额 \\$\n\nB1040（表格 1040）（12/15）\n\n本对抗程序所源自的破产案件\n\n债务人姓名\nHo Wan Kwok（郭文贵）　破产案件编号\n22-50073\n案件审理地区\nConnecticut（康涅狄格地区）　分院办公室\nBridgeport（布里奇波特）　法官姓名\nJulie A. Manning（朱莉·A·曼宁）\n相关对抗程序（如有）\n原告　被告　对抗\n程序编号\n对抗程序审理地区　分院办公室　法官姓名\n律师（或原告）签名\n/s/\nAvram\nE.\nLuft\n\n日期　律师（或原告）正楷姓名\nFebruary\n15,\n2024　Avram\nE.\nLuft\n说明\n\n提交破产案件将在破产法院管辖下设立一个“破产财团”，该财团由债务人的全部财产构成，无论该等财产位于何处。由于破产财团范围广泛且法院管辖权宽泛，可能就破产财团的财产或财产权利发生诉讼。也可能发生有关债务人免责的诉讼。如该等诉讼在破产法院提起，则称为对抗程序。\n\n提起对抗程序的一方还必须填写并提交表格 1040，即《对抗程序封面页》，除非该方通过法院的案件管理/电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提交对抗程序。（CM/ECF 在提交过程中记录表格 1040 中的信息。）填妥后，封面页概述对抗程序的基本信息。法院书记员需要该等信息以处理对抗程序并编制法院活动所需的统计报告。\n\n封面页及其所载信息并不替代或补充法律、《破产规则》或法院地方法规所要求提交和送达的诉状或其他文件。该封面页大体上不言自明，必须由原告的律师填写（如原告未由律师代理，则由原告填写）。每份提交的诉状均须向书记员另行提交一份封面页。\n\n原告和被告。准确填写原告和被告在诉状中出现的姓名。\n\n律师。如已知，填写律师的姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。在第一栏为原告勾选最适当的方框，并在第二栏为被告勾选最适当的方框。\n\n请求金额。填写诉状中请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面页必须由登记律师在表格第二页的方框中签署。如原告由律师事务所代理，该事务所的一名成员必须签署。如原告自行诉讼，即未由律师代理，则必须由原告签署。\n\nUNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT（美国破产法院）DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT（康涅狄格地区）BRIDGEPORT DIVISION（布里奇波特分院）\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\n关于：\n\nHO WAN KWOK（郭文贵）等人，1\n\n债务人。\n\n第 11 章\n\n案件编号 22-50073 (JAM)\n\n（合并管理）\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第 11 章受托人，\n\n原告，\n\n诉\n\nFebruary 15, 2024\n\n对抗程序编号 [ ]\n\nSIU MING JE（萧明杰），\n\n被告。\n\n----------------------------------------------------- x\n\n第 11 章受托人依据《破产法典》第 549 条和第 550 条请求撤销并追回破产申请提交后进行的转让及获得相关救济的诉状\n\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）以获任命担任 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（“债务人”或“Kwok”）第 11 章案件（“第 11 章案件”）第 11 章受托人（“受托人”）的身份，针对被告 Siu Ming Je（萧明杰）（“被告”）提交本对抗诉状（“诉状”），陈述如下：\n\n1 本第 11 章案件中的债务人为 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（亦称 Guo Wengui、Miles Guo 和 Miles Kwok，以及众多其他别名）（税务识别号后四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（税务识别号后四位：8202）和 Genever Holdings Corporation。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC 和 Genever Holdings Corporation 的邮寄地址为 Paul Hastings LLP（普衡律师事务所），200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，c/o Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），作为 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）破产财团的受托人（仅用于通知和通信）。\n\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人提起本对抗程序，以撤销并追回债务人在本第 11 章案件启动后实施、且未经破产法院或《美国法典》第 11 编（“破产法典”）授权的债务人破产财团财产转让。\n\n2. 债务人通过其替身空壳公司 Himalaya International Clearing Ltd（“Himalaya”），于申请日后（定义见下文）向作为初始受让人的被告转让了金额为 \\$589,200.00 的资金。\n\n3. 由于该项破产财团财产的申请日后转让未经法院或《破产法典》授权，其可根据《破产法典》第 549 条和第 550 条予以撤销和追回。\n\n管辖权和审判地\n\n4. 本院根据 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b)，对本对抗程序具有事项管辖权。\n\n5. 本对抗程序已根据 28 U.S.C. § 157(a) 移送本院。\n\n6. 本文所请求救济的法定依据包括 11 U.S.C. §§ 549 和 550。\n\n当事人\n\n7. 根据破产法院于 July 8, 2022 作出的命令 [案件编号 22-50073（“主案件”）案卷编号 523]，受托人为第 11 章案件中的第 11 章受托人。\n\n8. 被告为 Siu Ming Je（萧明杰），一名个人，居住地址为 Flat A 56/F, BLK 16 1 Kin Tung Road Carribean Coast, Crystal Cove Lantau Island, Hong Kong, China。\n\n事实\n\nA. 第 11 章案件\n\n9. 债务人于 February 15, 2022 在 United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut（康涅狄格地区美国破产法院）（“本院”或“破产法院”）根据《破产法典》第 11 编第 11 章提交了自愿救济申请（“申请日”），由此启动上述标题所列第 11 章案件（“第 11 章案件”）。\n\n10. 于 March 21, 2022，Office of the United States Trustee（美国受托人办公室）在本第 11 章案件中任命了无担保债权人正式委员会。尚未任命审查员。\n\n11. 债务人于 March 2022 向破产法院提交的破产财产清单声称其拥有 \\$3,850 的资产，并负有数亿美元的债务。2 尽管债务人确实负债累累，其财产清单未披露债务人通过其众多替身空壳公司（包括 Himalaya）持有和/或转让的财产。\n\n12. 于 June 15, 2022，本院作出决定备忘录及命令 [主案件案卷编号 465]，指示美国受托人在第 11 章案件中任命一名第 11 章受托人。依该命令，美国受托人选定 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）担任受托人。于 July 8, 2022，本院作出命令，批准任命 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）为第 11 章案件的受托人 [主案件案卷编号 523]。\n\n2 资产和负债清单，第 1 页（主案件，案卷编号 78）。\n\nB. 债务人对空壳公司的使用以及受托人的对抗程序\n\n13. Himalaya 是债务人用以欺诈其债权人的众多替身空壳公司之一。3 多年来，债务人一直策划一场“空壳游戏”，利用由家属和下属名义持有、但实际受债务人控制的复杂空壳公司网络。该空壳游戏使债务人能够使用、支出和转让数百万美元现金及其他资产，同时向债权人隐匿其财产。\n\n14. 自获任命以来，受托人在第 11 章案件中提起了多项对抗程序，以实现包括确立债务人的空壳公司为其替身和/或该等公司及其资产在衡平法上由债务人所有在内的目的；在其中数项程序中，破产法院已准予该等救济。4\n\n15. 这些诉讼中的事实模式一贯包括：(i) 由近亲和/或下属持有的、受债务人控制的空壳公司；(ii) 以来自其他受债务人控制实体的现金购买的资产，和/或无对价地转让给空壳实体及在空壳实体之间转让的资产；以及 (iii) 债务人从该等资产中受益，并对该等资产享有控制权和支配权。\n\n16. 债务人还将其替身实体（包括 Himalaya）作为个人钱袋，为其本人及家人已习惯的奢华生活方式提供资金，同时将资产隐匿于该等替身实体中以躲避债权人，并阻碍和拖延债权人的追偿。\n\n3 受托人已针对或即将针对 Himalaya 提起对抗程序；该对抗程序寻求的救济包括确认 Himalaya 为债务人的替身实体的确认判决。受托人通过引用将其在该对抗程序中提交的受托人诉状并入本文。\n\n4 其中包括下列对抗程序：(i) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），Chapter 11 Trustee（第11章受托人）诉 HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC（香港国际基金投资（美国）有限公司）等 [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 Greenwich Land LLC（格林尼治地产有限责任公司）等 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 Mei Guo（郭美）[Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 HCHK Technologies, Inc.（HCHK科技公司）等 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 Taurus Fund LLC（金牛基金有限责任公司）等 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 Golden Spring (New York) Limited（金泉〈纽约〉有限公司）[Adv. Proc. No. 23-05018]；以及 (vii) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 Lamp Capital LLC（兰普资本有限责任公司）等 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05023]。\n\n就其债权而言。债务人通过这些替身实体实施的转移延续了债务人的欺诈计划。这些替身实体的财产，包括 Himalaya（喜马拉雅），始终属于债务人的财产。\n\nC. 债务人的障眼法和欺诈在申请破产后仍在继续\n\n17. 截至申请日，债务人通过其替身实体持有的全部财产，包括 Himalaya，均成为第11章破产财产。见 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1)。\n\n18. 申请日后，债务人公然无视破产法院及其根据《破产法》承担的义务，继续通过众多替身空壳公司实施转移，包括但不限于 Himalaya。\n\n19. 这些申请破产后的转移均未获破产法院授权，亦未根据《破产法》获得授权。\n\nD. 向被告作出的转移\n\n20. 申请日后，债务人通过包括 Himalaya 在内的空壳公司或以其他方式，向被告转移了债务人第11章破产财产的财产（统称“转移”），包括但不限于如下各项：\n\n见随附并构成本文件一部分的附表 A。\n\n21. 在作出转移时，债务人对债务人破产财产的债权人负有未偿债务。\n\n22. 被告是该等转移的初始受让人。\n\n第一项请求\n\n（根据《破产法》第549条及第550(a)条请求撤销并追回未经授权的申请破产后转移）\n\n23. 受托人重述并再次主张第1至22段所载的指控，如同在本文中完整载明。\n\n24. 该项转移由债务人向被告作出，包括通过其替身空壳公司 Himalaya 作出。\n\n25. 该项转移发生在申请日后。\n\n26. 该项转移未经破产法院或《破产法》授权。\n\n27. 该项转移构成对债务人第11章破产财产的财产作出的未经授权的转移。\n\n28. 该项转移可根据《破产法》第549(a)条予以撤销。\n\n29. 根据《破产法》第550(a)条，受托人有权向被告追回该项转移或其价值，并获得截至付款之日的利息及本案费用。\n\n救济请求\n\n因此，基于上述理由，受托人谨请求作出如下判决：\n\n1. 作出命令，(a) 宣告根据《破产法》第549条，金额不少于 $589,200.00 的该项转移予以撤销；以及 (b) 命令撤销该项转移；以及 (c) 根据《破产法》第550(a)(1)条，为债务人破产财产的利益，向被告追回该项转移，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n2. 裁定自提交本起诉状之日起至本案判决之日止，按最高法定利率向受托人支付判决前利息；以及\n\n3. 法院在该等情形下认为公正、适当或符合衡平原则的其他及进一步救济。\n\n日期：February 15, 2024\nNew Haven, CT（康涅狄格州纽黑文）\n\nLUC A. DESPINS\nCHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\n签字人：/s/ Avram E. Luft\n\nAvram E. Luft（艾弗拉姆·E·拉夫）（获准临时出庭）\nDouglass Barron（道格拉斯·巴伦）（获准临时出庭）\nPAUL HASTINGS LLP（宝罗律师事务所）\n200 Park Avenue\nNew York, New York 10166\n(212) 318-6000\naviluft@paulhastings.com\ndouglassbarron@paulhastings.com\n\n以及\n\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡）(ct00616)\nPatrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）(ct29437)\nNEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.（诺伊伯特、佩佩及蒙泰斯律师事务所）\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor\nNew Haven, Connecticut 06510\n(203) 781-2847\ndskalka@npmlaw.com\nplinsey@npmlaw.com\n\n第11章受托人代理律师\n\n附表 A\n\n密封提交","key_entities":["Despins","Himalaya","Je","Kwok","Ho Wan Kwok","Guo","Paul Hastings","Miles Guo","HCHK","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[],"word_count":2594,"status":"published","published_at":null,"created_at":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-23 18:18:19"}