{"id":"court_ctb_3048_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":3048,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":null,"title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET | | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | | |\n|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|\n| (Instructions on Reverse) | | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFFS
Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee | DEFENDANTS
ZYB & Associates, LLC, d/b/a Law Offices of Yongbing
Zhang and Yongbing Zhang | | | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.)
Douglas S. Skalka, Patrick R. Linsey
Neubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.
195 Church Street, 13 Floor, New Haven, CT 06510
203-781-2847 | ATTORNEYS | (If Known) | | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only)
□ Debtor
□ U.S.
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin
□ Creditor
□ Other
□ Trustee
✔ | □ Debtor
□ Creditor
□ Trustee | PARTY (Check One Box Only)
□ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin
□ Other
✔ | | | |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION
(WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED)
Complaint of Chapter 11 Trustee Seeking Avoidance and Recovery of Postpetition Transfers and Related Relief
Pursuant to Bankruptcy Code Sections 549 and 550. | | | | | |\n| NATURE OF SUIT
(Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property
□
11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property
□
12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference
□
13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
□
✔
14-Recovery of money/property - other
FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
□
21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued)
□
61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support
□
68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury
□
63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan
□
64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation
(other than domestic support)
□
65-Dischargeability - other | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property
□
31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h) | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief
□
71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay
□
72-Injunctive relief – other | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge
□
41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e) | FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest
□
81-Subordination of claim or interest | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation
□
51-Revocation of confirmation | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment
□
91-Declaratory judgment | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability
□
66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims
□
62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation,
actual fraud
□
67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny
(continued next column) | □
Other
□
□ | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action
01-Determination of removed claim or cause
SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.
02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court
if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | | |\n| □ Check if this case involves a substantive issue of state law | | □ Check if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23 | | | |\n| □ Check if a jury trial is demanded in complaint | Demand \\$ | | | | |\n| Other Relief Sought | | | | | |\n\n#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | | | |\n|---------------------------------------------------------------|-----------|------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|--|--|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR
Ho Wan Kwok | | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO.
22-50073 | | | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING
Connecticut | | DIVISION OFFICE
Bridgeport | NAME OF JUDGE
Julie A. Manning | | | |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFF | DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY
PROCEEDING NO. | | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | | | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF)
/s/ Patrick R. Linsey | | | | | | |\n| DATE
March 26, 2024 | | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF)
Patrick R. Linsey | | | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n# **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | x | |\n|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------|-------------------------|\n| In re: | :
: | Chapter 11 |\n| 1
HO WAN KWOK,
et al., | :
: | Case No. 22-50073 (JAM) |\n| | :
Debtors.
:
: | (Jointly Administered) |\n| -----------------------------------------------------------
LUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11
TRUSTEE,
v. | x
:
:
:
:
Plaintiff,
:
:
: | Adv. Proceeding No. [ ] |\n| ZYB & ASSOCIATES, LLC, d/b/a LAW
OFFICES OF YONGBING ZHANG and
YONGBING ZHANG | :
:
:
: | March 26, 2024 |\n| | :
Defendants.
x | |\n\n-----------------------------------------------------------\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF POSTPETITION TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 549 AND 550**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the\n\nchapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this\n\nadversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendants ZYB & Associates, LLC, d/b/a Law\n\n1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\nOffices of Yongbing Zhang (\"Law Offices of Yongbing Zhang\") and Yongbing Zhang (\"Mr. Zhang\" and, together with Law Offices of Yongbing Zhang, collectively, the \"Defendants\"), stating as follows:\n\n### **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding to avoid and recover transfers of property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate after the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case and not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or under Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\").\n\n2. Following the Petition Date (as defined herein), the Debtor, through his alter-ego shell company, G Club International Limited (\"G Club\"), gifted \\$210,000.00 to Mr. Zhang as initial transferee or, in the alternative, as immediate transferee. In addition, the Debtor, through his alter-ego shell company, Rule of Law Foundation III Inc. (\"Rule of Law\"), transferred funds in the aggregate amount of \\$47,314.69 to the Law Offices of Yongbing Zhang as initial transferee.\n\n3. Because these postpetition transfers of estate property were not authorized by the Court or under the Bankruptcy Code, they are subject to avoidance and recovery under sections 549 and 550 of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b).\n\n5. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(a).\n\n6. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include sections 549 and 550 of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **THE PARTIES**\n\n7. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n8. The Law Offices of Yongbing Zhang is an Illinois limited liability company with an address at 223 West Jackson Blvd, Suite 1012, Chicago, Illinois 60606.\n\n9. Mr. Zhang is an individual residing at 83 Fabish Court, Buffalo Grove, Illinois, 60089.\n\n10. Mr. Zhang is the member and manager of the Law Offices of Yongbing Zhang.\n\n11. Mr. Zhang has been employed by the Debtor as his personal counsel. Among other things, Mr. Zhang took a leading role in the protests against the Trustee that resulted in the Court issuing a preliminary injunction against the Debtor, including by personally protesting in front of the Trustee's home.\n\n12. Mr. Zhang also was involved in filing complaints against the Trustee, Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunities Fund, L.P. (\"PAX\"), and PAX's counsel in the District Court for the Southern District of New York that accused the Trustee, PAX, and PAX's counsel of being agents of the Chinese Communist Party, in connection with which Mr. Zhang was sanctioned under Rule 11 multiple times.\n\n13. Mr. Zhang has also played a prominent role in *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013], in which context the Court found, among other things, that Mr. Zhang was the \"leader of the purported HCHK Creditors' Committee\"2 that orchestrated the conduct of the proposed intervenors and that Mr. Zhang \"is involved in filing frivolous lawsuits to harass the Trustee's involvement in this case for the perceived benefit of the Individual Debtor.\"3\n\n## **FACTS**\n\n## **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n14. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the Bankruptcy Code on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the abovecaptioned chapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\").\n\n15. On March 21, 2022, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n16. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities.4 While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and transferred through his many alter ego shell companies, including G Club and Rule of Law.\n\n17. On June 15, 2022, the Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the Trustee. On July 8, 2022, the Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n2 *Memorandum of Decision and Order Denying Motion to Intervene and Motion to Clarify Temporary Restraining Order*, ¶ 34 (Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013, Doc. No. 239, January 5, 2024).\n\n3 *Id*., at 31.\n\n4 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 (Main Case, Docket No. 78).\n\n### **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n18. G Club and Rule of Law are among the numerous alter-ego shell companies used by the Debtor to defraud his creditors.5 For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members and subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use, spend, and transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets—while concealing his property from creditors.\n\n19. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell companies were his alter-egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief.6\n\n20. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from other Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n21. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including G Club and Rule of Law, as personal piggy-banks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while\n\n5 The Trustee has commenced an adversary proceeding against, among others, G Club and Rule of Law, which adversary proceeding seeks, among other things, a declaratory judgment that Rule of Law was the alter ego of the Debtor. *See Luc A Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. ACA Capital Group Ltd.,* et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 24-05249]. The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, his Complaint filed in this adversary proceeding.\n\n6 These include the following adversary proceedings: (i) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23- 05017]; (vi) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited* [Adv. Proc. 23-05018]; and (vii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. 23-05023].\n\nconcealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries on their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos perpetuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme. The property of these alter egos, including G Club and Rule of Law, was at all times prior to the Petition Date property of the Debtor.\n\n#### **C. Debtor's Shell Game and Fraud Continues Postpetition**\n\n22. As of the Petition Date, all of the Debtor's property held through his alter egos, including G Club and Rule of Law, became property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate. *See* 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1).\n\n23. Following the Petition Date, the Debtor, with blatant disregard for the Bankruptcy Court and his obligations under the Bankruptcy Code, continued to effectuate transfers through numerous alter-ego shell companies, including, without limitation, G Club and Rule of Law.\n\n24. These postpetition transfers were not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court nor were such transfers authorized under the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n#### **D. Transfers to Defendants**\n\n25. After the Petition Date, \\$210,000.00 of property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate was transferred to Mr. Zhang as a purported \"prize\" in a G Club \"sweepstakes\" (the \"Sweepstakes Transfer\").\n\n26. More specifically, on or about June 7, 2022, the Debtor, acting through his alter ego shell company, G Club, or otherwise, caused \\$507,008.00 (the \"Sweepstakes Funds\") to be transferred to the National Sweepstakes Company (\"NSC\") for the purpose of, among other things, funding Mr. Zhang's purported \"prize.\" Thereafter, on or about October 31, 2022, NSC conveyed \\$210,000.00 of the Sweepstakes Funds to Mr. Zhang.\n\n6\n\n27. Mr. Zhang was the initial transferee of the Sweepstakes Transfer or, in the alternative, Mr. Zhang was the immediate transferee of the initial transferee, NSC.\n\n28. In addition, subsequent to the Petition Date, the Debtor, through his alter ego shell company, Rule of Law, or otherwise, transferred funds in an amount not less than \\$47,314.69 to the Law Offices of Yongbing Zhang (the \"ROLF Transfers\" and, together with the Sweepstakes Transfer, collectively, the \"Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\n*See* **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n29. The ROLF Transfers represented property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate.\n\n30. The Law Offices of Yongbing Zhang was the initial transferee of the ROLF Transfers.\n\n31. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate.\n\n### **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n#### **(As Against Yongbing Zhang)**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Unauthorized Postpetition Transfer pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 549 and 550(a))**\n\n32. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-31 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n33. The Sweepstakes Transfer was made to Mr. Zhang by the Debtor via his alter ego shell company, G Club.\n\n34. The Sweepstakes Transfer occurred after the Petition Date.\n\n35. The Sweepstakes Transfer was not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or by the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n7\n\n36. The Sweepstakes Transfer constituted the unauthorized transfer of property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate.\n\n37. The Sweepstakes Transfer is avoidable pursuant to section 549(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n38. Pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code, the Trustee is entitled to recover the Sweepstakes Transfer, or the value thereof, from Mr. Zhang plus interest thereon to the date of payment and the costs of this action.\n\n## **SECOND CLAIM**\n\n## **(As Against the Law Offices of Yongbing Zhang)**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Unauthorized Postpetition Transfers pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 549 and 550(a))**\n\n39. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-31 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n40. The ROLF Transfers were made to the Law Offices of Yongbing Zhang by the Debtor via his alter ego shell company, Rule of Law.\n\n41. The ROLF Transfers occurred after the Petition Date.\n\n42. The ROLF Transfers were not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or by the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n43. The ROLF Transfers constituted the unauthorized transfer of property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate.\n\n44. The ROLF Transfers are avoidable pursuant to section 549(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n45. Pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code, the Trustee is entitled to recover the ROLF Transfers, or the value thereof, from the Law Offices of Yongbing Zhang plus interest thereon to the date of payment and the costs of this action.\n\n*[THE REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK.]*\n\n### **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. On the First Claim, (a) an order declaring that Sweepstakes Transfer in an amount not less than \\$210,000.00 is avoided pursuant to section 549 of the Bankruptcy Code; (b) an order directing that the Sweepstakes Transfer be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Sweepstakes Transfer, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from Mr. Zhang for the benefit of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. On the Second Claim, (a) an order declaring that ROLF Transfers in an amount not less than \\$47,314.69 are avoided pursuant to section 549 of the Bankruptcy Code; (b) an order directing that the ROLF Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the ROLF Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from Mr. Zhang for the benefit of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n3. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n4. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n# *[THE REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK.]*\n\nDated: March 26, 2024 New Haven, CT LUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: */s/ Patrick R. Linsey* Douglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 dskalka@npmlaw.com plinsey@npmlaw.com *Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\n# **SCHEDULE A**\n\n## **FILED UNDER SEAL**","body_zh":"B1040（FORM 1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗程序封面表 对抗程序编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n（说明见背面）\n原告\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人 被告\nZYB & Associates, LLC（ZYB & Associates, LLC），以 Law Offices of Yongbing Zhang（张永兵律师事务所）名义经营\n及 Yongbing Zhang（张永兵）\n律师（律所名称、地址及电话号码）\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡），Patrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）\nNeubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.（纽伯特、佩佩及蒙蒂思律师事务所，P.C.）\n195 Church Street, 13 Floor, New Haven, CT 06510\n203-781-2847 律师（如已知）\n当事人（仅勾选一项）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国\n受托人/破产管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他\n□ 受托人\n✔ □ 债务人\n□ 债权人\n□ 受托人 当事人（仅勾选一项）\n□ 美国受托人/破产\n管理人\n□ 其他\n✔\n诉因\n（简要陈述诉因，包括所涉全部美国法条）\n第11章受托人依据《破产法典》第549条及第550条提起的、请求撤销并追回申请后转让及相关救济的起诉状\n案件性质\n（最多为五（5）个方框编号，以主要诉因为1，第一备选诉因为2，第二备选诉因为3，依此类推。）\nFRBP 7001(1)－追回金钱/财产\n□\n11－追回金钱/财产－§542 财产返还\n□\n12－追回金钱/财产－§547 偏颇清偿\n□\n13－追回金钱/财产－§548 欺诈性转让\n□\n✔\n14－追回金钱/财产－其他\nFRBP 7001(2)－留置权的有效性、优先权或范围\n□\n21－留置权或其他财产权益的有效性、优先权或范围 FRBP 7001(6)－可免责性（续）\n□\n61－可免责性－§523(a)(5)，家庭扶养\n□\n68－可免责性－§523(a)(6)，故意及恶意损害\n□\n63－可免责性－§523(a)(8)，学生贷款\n□\n64－可免责性－§523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\n（家庭扶养义务除外）\n□\n65－可免责性－其他\nFRBP 7001(3)－批准出售财产\n□\n31－批准出售破产财团及共同所有人的财产－§363(h) FRBP 7001(7)－禁令救济\n□\n71－禁令救济－施加中止\n□\n72－禁令救济－其他\nFRBP 7001(4)－对免责提出异议/撤销免责\n□\n41－对免责提出异议/撤销免责－§727(c),(d),(e) FRBP 7001(8) 债权或权益的劣后\n□\n81－债权或权益的劣后\nFRBP 7001(5)－撤销确认\n□\n51－撤销确认 FRBP 7001(9) 确认判决\n□\n91－确认判决\nFRBP 7001(6)－可免责性\n□\n66－可免责性－§523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税收债权\n□\n62－可免责性－§523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述、\n实际欺诈\n□\n67－可免责性－§523(a)(4)，受托人身份下的欺诈、侵占、盗窃\n（续见下一栏） □\n其他\n□\n□ FRBP 7001(10) 对移送诉讼的裁定\n01－对已移送债权或诉因的裁定\nSS-SIPA Case－15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\n02－其他（例如，如与破产案件无关本应在州法院提起的其他诉讼）\n□ 如本案涉及州法实体问题，请勾选 □ 如主张本案为根据 FRCP 23 提起的集体诉讼，请勾选\n□ 如起诉状中请求陪审团审判，请勾选 请求金额 \\$\n请求的其他救济\nB1040（FORM 1040）（12/15）\n\n本对抗程序所由产生的破产案件\n\n债务人姓名\nHo Wan Kwok（郭文贵） 破产案件编号\n22-50073\n案件审理地区\nConnecticut（康涅狄格州） 分院办事处\nBridgeport（布里奇波特） 法官姓名\nJulie A. Manning（朱莉·A·曼宁）\n相关对抗程序（如有）\n原告 被告 对抗\n程序编号\n对抗程序审理地区 分院办事处 法官姓名\n律师（或原告）签名\n/s/ Patrick R. Linsey\n日期\nMarch 26, 2024 律师（或原告）正楷姓名\nPatrick R. Linsey\n说明\n\n提交破产案件即在破产法院管辖下设立一项“破产财团”，其由债务人的全部财产组成，无论该等财产位于何处。由于破产财团范围极广且法院管辖权广泛，可能就破产财团的财产或财产权利产生诉讼。也可能出现与债务人免责有关的诉讼。此类诉讼如在破产法院提起，即称为对抗程序。\n\n提起对抗程序的一方还必须填写并提交 Form 1040，即《对抗程序封面表》，除非该方通过法院的案件管理/电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提起对抗程序。（CM/ECF 将 Form 1040 中的信息作为提交程序的一部分予以采集。）填妥后，封面表概述对抗程序的基本信息。法院书记员需要该等信息以处理对抗程序，并编制所要求的法院活动统计报告。\n\n封面表及其中所载信息不替代或补充法律、《破产程序规则》或法院地方法规所要求的诉状或其他文件的提交和送达。该封面表大部分内容不言自明，必须由原告律师填写（如原告未由律师代理，则由原告填写）。每份提交的起诉状均须向书记员另行提交一份封面表。\n\n原告和被告。请按照起诉状中所列的原告和被告名称准确填写。\n\n律师。如已知，请填写律师的姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。在第一栏中为原告勾选最适当的方框，在第二栏中为被告勾选最适当的方框。\n\n请求金额。填写起诉状中请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面表必须由登记在案的律师在表格第二页的方框内签署。如原告由律师事务所代理，必须由该事务所的一名成员签署。如原告自行诉讼，即未由律师代理，则必须由原告签署。\n美国康涅狄格联邦地区破产法院布里奇波特分院\n\n— x\n\n事项： ：\n： 第11章\n\nHO WAN KWOK（郭文贵），\n等， ：\n： 案件编号 22-50073 (JAM)\n\n债务人。\n：\n： （合并管理）\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章\n受托人，\n诉 x\n\n原告，\n：\n：\n： 对抗程序编号 [ ]\nZYB & ASSOCIATES, LLC（ZYB & ASSOCIATES, LLC），以 LAW\nOFFICES OF YONGBING ZHANG（张永兵律师事务所）名义经营，及\nYONGBING ZHANG（张永兵） ：\n：\n：\n： March 26, 2024\n\n被告。\nx\n\n第11章受托人依据《破产法典》第549条及第550条提起的、请求撤销并追回申请后转让及相关救济的起诉状\n\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）以其作为 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（下称“债务人”或“Kwok”）第11章案件（下称“第11章案件”）中指定的第11章受托人（下称“受托人”）的身份，对被告 ZYB & Associates, LLC（ZYB & Associates, LLC）（以 Law Offices of Yongbing Zhang（张永兵律师事务所）名义经营）\n\n1 本第11章案件中的债务人为 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（亦称 Guo Wengui、Miles Guo 和 Miles Kwok，以及众多其他别名）（税务识别号码后四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（吉尼弗控股有限责任公司）（税务识别号码后四位：8202）以及 Genever Holdings Corporation（吉尼弗控股公司）。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC 和 Genever Holdings Corporation 的邮寄地址为 Paul Hastings LLP（博钦律师事务所）, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，收件人为 Luc A. Despins，以 Ho Wan Kwok 破产财团受托人的身份（仅为通知和通信之目的）。\n\n的 Yongbing Zhang（张永兵）（下称“张先生”，并与 Law Offices of Yongbing Zhang 合称“被告”）提起本对抗起诉状（下称“起诉状”），陈述如下：\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人提起本对抗程序，以撤销并追回在本第11章案件开始后发生、未经破产法院或《美国法典》第11编（下称“破产法典”）授权的债务人第11章破产财团财产转让。\n\n2. 在申请日（定义见下文）之后，债务人通过其另我空壳公司 G Club International Limited（G Club International Limited，下称“G Club”），向张先生赠与 \\$210,000.00，张先生为初始受让人，或者备选地为直接受让人。此外，债务人通过其另我空壳公司 Rule of Law Foundation III Inc.（Rule of Law Foundation III Inc.，下称“Rule of Law”），向张永兵律师事务所转让合计 \\$47,314.69 的资金，后者为初始受让人。\n\n3. 由于该等破产财团财产的申请后转让未经法院或《破产法典》授权，该等转让可根据《破产法典》第549条及第550条予以撤销和追回。\n管辖权与审理地\n\n4. 本院根据 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b) 对本对抗程序具有事项管辖权。\n\n5. 本对抗程序已根据 28 U.S.C. § 157(a) 移交本院审理。\n\n6. 本案请求救济的法定依据包括《破产法典》第549条及第550条。\n当事人\n\n7. 受托人系第11章案件中的第11章受托人，该任命依据破产法院于 July 8, 2022 作出的命令[Case No. 22-50073（下称“主案”）Docket No. 523]。\n\n8. 张永兵律师事务所是一家伊利诺伊州有限责任公司，地址为 223 West Jackson Blvd, Suite 1012, Chicago, Illinois 60606。\n\n9. 张先生为居住于 83 Fabish Court, Buffalo Grove, Illinois, 60089 的个人。\n\n10. 张先生是张永兵律师事务所的成员及经理。\n\n11. 张先生曾受债务人聘用担任其个人法律顾问。除其他事项外，张先生在针对受托人的抗议活动中发挥了主导作用，该等抗议活动导致法院对债务人发布初步禁令，其中包括其亲自在受托人住所前进行抗议。\n\n12. 张先生还参与在 Southern District of New York（纽约南区）地区法院对受托人、Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunities Fund, L.P.（太平洋联盟亚洲机会基金，L.P.）（“PAX”）及 PAX 的律师提起投诉，指控受托人、PAX 及 PAX 的律师系中国共产党的代理人；就此，张先生曾多次依据 Rule 11 受到制裁。\n\n13. 张先生还在 Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc.（卢克·A·德斯平斯，第11章受托人诉 HCHK Technologies, Inc.），et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013] 中发挥了突出作用。在该案中，法院除其他事项外认定，张先生是“所谓 HCHK 债权人委员会的领导人”2，其策划了拟介入人的行为；并认定张先生“参与提起无理诉讼，以骚扰受托人参与本案，意图为个别债务人谋取其所认为的利益。”3\n事实\nA. 第11章案件\n\n14. 债务人于 February 15, 2022（下称“申请日”）在 United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut（康涅狄格联邦地区破产法院）根据《破产法典》《美国法典》第11编第11章提交自愿救济申请，从而启动上述标题所载第11章案件（下称“第11章案件”）。\n\n15. 于 March 21, 2022，Office of the United States Trustee（美国受托人办公室）在本第11章案件中指定了无担保债权人正式委员会。尚未指定审查员。\n\n16. 债务人于 March 2022 向破产法院提交的破产财产清单称，其拥有 \\$3,850 的资产，并产生数亿美元的负债。4 虽然债务人确实负债累累，但其财产清单未披露债务人通过其众多另我空壳公司持有和转让的财产，其中包括 G Club 和 Rule of Law。\n\n17. 于 June 15, 2022，法院作出决定备忘录及命令[主案 Docket No. 465]，指示美国受托人在第11章案件中指定一名第11章受托人。根据该命令，美国受托人选定 Luc A. Despins 为受托人。于 July 8, 2022，法院作出命令，批准在第11章案件中任命 Luc A. Despins 为受托人[主案 Docket No. 523]。\n\n2 驳回介入动议及澄清临时限制令动议的决定及命令备忘录，第34段（对抗程序案号23-05013，文件编号239，2024年1月5日）。\n\n3 同上，第31页。\n\n4 资产和负债明细表，第1页（主案，案卷编号78）。\n\nB. 债务人对空壳公司的使用及受托人的对抗程序\n\n18. G Club（G俱乐部）和 Rule of Law（法治）是债务人用于欺诈其债权人的众多另我空壳公司中的两家。5 多年来，债务人精心策划了一场“空壳游戏”，利用由家庭成员和下属名义持有、但实际上由债务人控制的错综复杂的空壳公司网络。这场空壳游戏使债务人能够使用、花费和转移数百万美元的现金及其他资产，同时向债权人隐匿其财产。\n\n19. 自获任命以来，受托人已在第11章案件中提起多项对抗程序，以实现包括确认债务人的空壳公司为其另我，和/或确认该等公司及其资产在衡平法上归债务人所有在内的目的；在其中若干程序中，破产法院已授予该等救济。6\n\n20. 这些诉讼中的事实模式始终涉及：(i) 由债务人控制、由近亲属和/或下属持有的空壳公司；(ii) 以来自其他由债务人控制实体的现金购置的资产，和/或无对价转让给空壳实体及在空壳实体之间转让的资产；以及 (iii) 债务人从该等资产中受益，并对其享有控制权和支配权。\n\n21. 债务人还将其另我，包括 G Club 和 Rule of Law，用作个人“小金库”，为其本人及其家人已习惯的奢华生活方式提供资金，同时\n\n5 受托人已对包括 G Club 和 Rule of Law 在内的各方提起对抗程序，该对抗程序寻求包括作出确认性判决，确认 Rule of Law 为债务人的另我。参见 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人诉 ACA Capital Group Ltd.（ACA资本集团有限公司）等案 [对抗程序案号24-05249]。受托人通过援引方式将其在该对抗程序中提交的起诉状纳入本文。\n\n6 该等程序包括以下对抗程序：(i) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人诉 HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC（HK国际基金投资〈美国〉有限公司）等案 [对抗程序案号22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人诉 Greenwich Land LLC（格林尼治土地有限责任公司）等案 [对抗程序案号23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人诉 Mei Guo（梅国）案 [对抗程序案号23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人诉 HCHK Technologies, Inc.（HCHK技术公司）等案 [对抗程序案号23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人诉 Taurus Fund LLC（金牛基金有限责任公司）等案 [对抗程序案号23- 05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人诉 Golden Spring (New York) Limited（金泉〈纽约〉有限公司）案 [对抗程序案号23-05018]；以及 (vii) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人诉 Lamp Capital LLC（蓝普资本有限责任公司）等案 [对抗程序案号23-05023]。\n\n将这些另我中的资产向其债权人隐匿，并阻碍及拖延债权人就其债权获得清偿。债务人通过这些另我实施的转让延续了债务人的欺诈计划。这些另我的财产，包括 G Club 和 Rule of Law，在申请日之前始终属于债务人的财产。\n\nC. 债务人的空壳游戏和欺诈行为在申请后仍在继续\n\n22. 截至申请日，债务人通过其另我持有的全部财产，包括 G Club 和 Rule of Law，均成为债务人第11章破产财产的财产。参见 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1)。\n\n23. 在申请日后，债务人公然无视破产法院及其在《破产法》下的义务，继续通过众多另我空壳公司实施转让，包括但不限于 G Club 和 Rule of Law。\n\n24. 该等申请后转让未经破产法院授权，亦未获《破产法》授权。\n\nD. 向被告的转让\n\n25. 在申请日后，债务人第11章破产财产中 \\$210,000.00 的财产作为 G Club “抽奖活动”中 purported “奖品”被转让给 Zhang先生（张先生）（“抽奖转让”）。\n\n26. 更具体而言，于2022年6月7日或前后，债务人通过其另我空壳公司 G Club，或以其他方式，促使将 \\$507,008.00（“抽奖资金”）转让给 National Sweepstakes Company（国家抽奖公司）（“NSC”），目的包括为 Zhang先生所称的“奖品”提供资金。此后，于2022年10月31日或前后，NSC 将抽奖资金中的 \\$210,000.00 转给 Zhang先生。\n\n27. Zhang先生是抽奖转让的初始受让人；或者，Zhang先生是初始受让人 NSC 的直接受让人。\n\n28. 此外，在申请日后，债务人通过其另我空壳公司 Rule of Law，或以其他方式，向 Law Offices of Yongbing Zhang（张永兵律师事务所）转让不少于 \\$47,314.69 的资金（“ROLF转让”，并与抽奖转让合称“转让”），包括但不限于如下款项：\n\n见随附并构成本文件一部分的附表A。\n\n29. ROLF转让构成债务人第11章破产财产的财产。\n\n30. 张永兵律师事务所是 ROLF转让的初始受让人。\n\n31. 在转让发生时，债务人对债务人第11章破产财产的债权人负有未清偿义务。\n\n第一项请求\n（针对 Yongbing Zhang（张永兵））\n（根据《破产法》第549条和第550(a)条撤销并追回未经授权的申请后转让之请求）\n\n32. 受托人重述并再次主张第1至31段所载指控，如同在本文中完整载明。\n\n33. 债务人通过其另我空壳公司 G Club 向 Zhang先生作出抽奖转让。\n\n34. 抽奖转让发生于申请日后。\n\n35. 抽奖转让未经破产法院或《破产法》授权。\n\n36. 抽奖转让构成对债务人第11章破产财产之财产的未经授权转让。\n\n37. 根据《破产法》第549(a)条，抽奖转让可予撤销。\n\n38. 根据《破产法》第550(a)条，受托人有权向 Zhang先生追回抽奖转让或其价值，并追回至付款之日的利息及本案诉讼费用。\n\n第二项请求\n（针对 Law Offices of Yongbing Zhang（张永兵律师事务所））\n（根据《破产法》第549条和第550(a)条撤销并追回未经授权的申请后转让之请求）\n\n39. 受托人重述并再次主张第1至31段所载指控，如同在本文中完整载明。\n\n40. 债务人通过其另我空壳公司 Rule of Law 向张永兵律师事务所作出 ROLF转让。\n\n41. ROLF转让发生于申请日后。\n\n42. ROLF转让未经破产法院或《破产法》授权。\n\n43. ROLF转让构成对债务人第11章破产财产之财产的未经授权转让。\n\n44. 根据《破产法》第549(a)条，ROLF转让可予撤销。\n\n45. 根据《破产法》第550(a)条，受托人有权向张永兵律师事务所追回 ROLF转让或其价值，并追回至付款之日的利息及本案诉讼费用。\n\n[本页其余部分有意留白。]\n\n救济请求\n\n因此，基于上述理由，受托人谨请求作出如下判决：\n\n1. 就第一项请求，(a) 作出裁定，宣布金额不少于 \\$210,000.00 的抽奖转让根据《破产法》第549条予以撤销；(b) 作出裁定，命令撤销抽奖转让；以及 (c) 根据《破产法》第550(a)(1)条，为债务人第11章破产财产的利益，向 Zhang先生追回抽奖转让，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n2. 就第二项请求，(a) 作出裁定，宣布金额不少于 \\$47,314.69 的 ROLF转让根据《破产法》第549条予以撤销；(b) 作出裁定，命令撤销 ROLF转让；以及 (c) 根据《破产法》第550(a)(1)条，为债务人第11章破产财产的利益，向 Zhang先生追回 ROLF转让，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n3. 裁定自提交本起诉状之日起至本案判决之日止，按最高法定利率向受托人支付判决前利息；以及\n\n4. 法院在具体情形下认为公正、适当或符合衡平原则的其他和进一步救济。\n\n[本页其余部分有意留白。]\n\n日期：2024年3月26日 康涅狄格州纽黑文市 LUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯）第11章受托人\n\n代理人：/s/ Patrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛） Douglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡）（ct00616） Patrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）（ct29437） NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.（诺伊伯特、佩佩和蒙蒂思专业公司） 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 dskalka@npmlaw.com plinsey@npmlaw.com 第11章受托人律师\n\n附表A\n\n密封提交\n\n英语","key_entities":["Despins","Kwok","Ho Wan Kwok","Je","Guo","HCHK","Miles Guo","Chinese Communist Party","Paul Hastings","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[],"word_count":3488,"status":"published","published_at":null,"created_at":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-23 19:11:05"}