{"id":"court_ctb_3429_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":3429,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":null,"title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse) | | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | | |\n|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS | DEFENDANTS | | | | |\n| Luc
A.
Despins,
Chapter
11
Trustee | HAITONG
INTERNATIONAL
SECURITIES | | | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.)
Douglas S. Skalka, Patrick R. Linsey
Neubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.
195 Church Street, 13th Floor, New Haven, CT 06510
(203) 781-2847 | ATTORNEYS
(If Known) | | | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only)
□ Debtor
□ U.S.
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin
□ Creditor
□ Other
□ Trustee
X | □ Debtor
□ Creditor
□ Trustee | PARTY (Check One Box Only)
□ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin
□ Other | | | |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION
(WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED) | | | | | |\n| Complaint
of
Chapter
11
Trustee
seeking
avoidance
and
recovery
of
fraudulent
transfers
and
related
relief
pursuant
to
bankruptcy
code
sections
544
and
550
and
New
York
Debtor
&
Creditor
Law
Section
276
and
278 | | | | | |\n| NATURE OF SUIT
(Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property
□
11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property
□
12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference
□
13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
□
X
14-Recovery of money/property - other
FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
□
21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property | □
□
□
□
□ | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued)
61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support
68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury
63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan
64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation
(other than domestic support)
65-Dischargeability - other | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property
□
31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h) | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief
□
71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay
□
72-Injunctive relief – other | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge
□
41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e) | FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest
□
81-Subordination of claim or interest | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation
□
51-Revocation of confirmation | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment
□
91-Declaratory judgment | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability
□
66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims
□
62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation,
actual fraud
□
67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny
(continued next column) | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action
□
01-Determination of removed claim or cause
Other
□
SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.
□
02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court
if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | | | |\n| □ Check if this case involves a substantive issue of state law
X | □ Check if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23 | | | | |\n| □ Check if a jury trial is demanded in complaint | Demand \\$ | | | | |\n| Other Relief Sought | | | | | |\n\n#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | | |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------|------------------------|--|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR | | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO. | | | |\n| Ho
Wan
Kwok | | 22-50073
(JAM) | | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | | |\n| Connecticut | | Bridgeport | Julie
A.
Manning | | |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFF | DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY | | |\n| | | | PROCEEDING NO. | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| /s/
Patrick
R.
Linsey | | | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n| DATE | | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | |\n| August
15,
2024 | | | | | |\n| | | Patrick
R.
Linsey | | | |\n| | | | | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n# **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n:\n\n---------------------------------------------------------- x\n\nIn re:\n\nHO WAN KWOK, *et al*., 1\n\nCase No. 22-50073 (JAM)\n\nChapter 11\n\nDebtors.\n\n(Jointly Administered)\n\nAdv. Proceeding No. [ ]\n\n-----------------------------------------------------------\n\nLUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE,\n\nPlaintiff,\n\nv.\n\nAugust 15, 2024\n\nHAITONG INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES,\n\nDefendant.\n\n-----------------------------------------------------------\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF FRAUDULENT TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 544 AND 550 AND NEW YORK DEBTOR & CREDITOR LAW SECTIONS 276 AND 278**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the\n\nchapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this\n\n1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\nadversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant Haitong International Securities (the \"Defendant\"), stating as follows:\n\n## **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding to avoid and recover the transfer of the Debtor's property prior to the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case.\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter-ego shell company Anton Development Limited (\"Anton Development\"), transferred funds in the amount of \\$1,617,778.50 prior to the Petition Date (as defined herein) to the Defendant as the initial transferee.\n\n3. This transfer was actually fraudulent, because the Debtor effectuated it as part of his \"shell game,\" and it were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n## **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b).\n\n5. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(a).\n\n6. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include sections 544 and 550 of Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\") and New York Debtor & Creditor Law sections 276 and 2782 or any other applicable state law equivalents.\n\n2 All statutory references to New York Debtor and Creditor Law, to the extent addressing transfers that occurred prior to April 4, 2020 refer to the New York Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act (\"NYUFC\").\n\n### **THE PARTIES**\n\n7. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n8. The Defendant is a Hong Kong Entity with an address located at 22nd Floor, Li Po Chun Building, 189 Des Voeux Road, Central, Hong Kong.\n\n## **FACTS**\n\n### **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n9. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\") on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the above-captioned chapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\").\n\n10. On March 21, 2022, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n11. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities.3 While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and/or transferred through his many alter-ego shell companies, including Anton Development.\n\n12. On June 15, 2022, the Bankruptcy Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11\n\n3 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 [Main Case Docket No. 78].\n\ntrustee in the Chapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the Trustee. On July 8, 2022, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n## **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n13. Anton Development is among the numerous alter-ego shell companies used by the Debtor to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors.4 For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members, lieutenants, and/or subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use and spend and/or transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets.\n\n14. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell companies were his alter-egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several such adversary proceedings, the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief.5\n\n4 On February 15, 2024, the Trustee commenced an adversary proceeding against, among others, Anton Development (*see Despins v. ACA Capital Group Ltd.,* et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 24-05249] (the \"Omnibus A.P.\")), which adversary proceeding seeks, among other things, a declaratory judgment that this entity was the alter ego of the Debtor. The Trustee incorporates by reference herein the Trustee's Complaint filed in the Omnibus A.P. (Adv. Proc. No. 24-0249, Docket No. 1).\n\n5 These include the following adversary proceedings: (i) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC*, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC*, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc.*, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC*, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23- 05017]; (vi) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited* [Adv. Proc. 23-05018]; (vii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC*, et al. [Adv. Proc. 23-05023]; and (viii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. ACA Capital Group Ltd.*, et al. [Adv. Proc. 24-05249].\n\n15. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from other Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n## **C. Debtor's Conduct to Hinder, Delay, and/or Defraud Creditors**\n\n16. In addition to the matters addressed in the Trustee's adversary proceedings, the Bankruptcy Court has found that the Debtor was the beneficial owner of Ace Decade Limited (and through it, Dawn State Limited) and that the Debtor controlled and employed Ace Decade Limited's nominee shareholder, Yvette Wang.6\n\n17. The Bankruptcy Court has also found that the \"G Entities\" (Gettr, G Fashion, G Music, GClubs, GNews and GEdu), the New Federal State of China and the Rule of Law Foundation, as well as other purportedly independent entities and organizations, were controlled by the Debtor,7 led by the Debtor8 and/or served \"the purposes of… and as business vehicles of\" the Debtor.9\n\n18. Prior to the Petition Date, Judge Liman of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York found that Eastern Profit Corporation Limited, an entity originally\n\n6 Order Granting Motion to Hold Debtor in Contempt of Corporate Governance Order, ¶¶ 1, 4 (Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372 (\"Corp. Governance Contempt Order\").\n\n7 *Corrected Memorandum of Decision Granting in Part Motion for Preliminary Injunction*, ¶ 3 (Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032, January 13, 2023 (\"The Debtor also controls Saraca Media Group and a related entity 'GTV'\").\n\n8 *Id*. at ¶ 7 (\"The Debtor is the leader of The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF and Himalaya.\").\n\n9 *Id*. (\"The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF, GSeries, and Himalaya serve the purposes of the Debtor, serve as business vehicles for the Debtor, and their members are personally loyal to the Debtor.\").\n\nowned by one of the Debtor's chefs before its transfer to Debtor's daughter, was \"in essence, a shell corporation\" for the Debtor.10\n\n19. The Debtor has gone to great lengths to hinder and delay the collection efforts of one of his largest creditors, *i.e.*, Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P. (\"PAX\"). In 2017, PAX sued the Debtor in the Supreme Court of the State of New York (the \"New York Court\"), Index No. 652077/2017 (the \"PAX Case\"), seeking judgment for monies owed. On February 3, 2021, PAX obtained a judgment from the New York Court against the Debtor in the sum of \\$116,402,019.57 (the \"PAX Judgment\"). PAX sought to enforce the PAX Judgment by levying the Debtor's assets—including the Lady May, which the Debtor falsely claimed was owned by his daughter, and the Debtor's luxury apartment in Manhattan, which the Debtor falsely claimed was held in trust for the Debtor's son. The Debtor's defiance of New York Court orders in postjudgment proceedings eventually resulted in the Debtor incurring contempt penalties of \\$134 million.\n\n20. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including Anton Development, as personal piggy-banks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries on their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos perpetuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme.\n\n10 *Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC*, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n21. The Debtor has testified before the Bankruptcy Court that he has insufficient assets to pay his liabilities and that his luxurious lifestyle is funded by his family through businesses nominally held by family members.11 The Debtor scheduled only \\$3,850 in assets.12\n\n22. In March 2023, the Debtor was arrested by federal authorities and held without bail. On July 16, 2024, following a trial in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, the Debtor was convicted of nine felony counts, *i.e.*, racketeering conspiracy, conspiracy to commit wire fraud and bank fraud, money laundering conspiracy, conspiracy to commit securities fraud, wire fraud in connection with the Farm Loan Program, securities fraud in connection with the Farm Loan Program, wire fraud in connection with G|CLUBS, securities fraud in connection with G|CLUBS, and wire fraud in connection with the Himalaya Exchange.\n\n23. In its criminal indictment of the Debtor, the United States Government asserted that the Debtor and his co-defendants \"utilized more than approximately 500 accounts held in the names of *at least 80 different entities or individuals* to launder more than \\$1 billion in fraud proceeds.\"13\n\n24. The property of the Debtor's alter egos, including Anton Development, was at all times prior to the Petition Date property of the Debtor.\n\n25. At all times relevant herein, the Debtor conducted business in New York, New York, including direction of the Transfer (as defined herein).\n\n11 Hearing on Debtor's Motion for Entry of Interim and Final DIP Orders (I) Authorizing the Debtor to Obtain Unsecured, Subordinated Postpetition Financing and (II) Scheduling Interim and Final Hearings, and (III) Granting Related Relief (Main Case, April 27, 2022)\n\n12 *See* n.3.\n\n13 *See* Memorandum of Law of the United States of America in Opposition to Defendant Yanping Wang's Motion for Pretrial Release at 29, attached as Exhibit B in the Reply of Chapter 11 Trustee to G Club Operations LLC's Supplemental Objection to Trustee's Motion to Compel and Request for Related Relief (June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934).\n\n## **D. Transfers Made with Intent to Hinder, Delay, or Defraud Creditors**\n\n26. The Transfer at issue in this Complaint was made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors inasmuch as it was made through the Debtor's alter-ego shell companies operated as a part of the Debtor's shell game.\n\n27. The Debtor intentionally orchestrated his financial affairs in this manner in order to conceal and dissipate millions of dollars in assets while falsely pleading poverty to his many creditors. The Debtor claimed to be destitute while simultaneously spending heavily to maintain a billionaire lifestyle for himself and for his family members and close associates.\n\n28. The assets concealed and dissipated by the Debtor included funds that he obtained from the victims of his cryptocurrency, securities, and other fraud schemes. As a result of this conduct, the Debtor has been convicted of multiple felony fraud, money laundering, and racketeering charges in a criminal case pending in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. *See United States v. Ho Wan Kwok*, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 395] (July 18, 2024 S.D.N.Y.).\n\n29. The Debtor knew and intended that, by concealing and dissipating his assets in this manner, there would not be sufficient assets remaining to repay his creditors—including the many victims of his frauds. These transfers were thus necessarily made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n### **E. Tolling of Avoidance Claims**\n\n30. On February 15, 2024, the Court entered its *Memorandum of Decision and Order Granting in Part Motion to Extend Deadlines* [Main Case Docket No. 2921] (the \"Tolling Order\"), in which the Court, pursuant to Bankruptcy Rule 9006(b), extended the time limitations set forth\n\n8\n\nin Sections 108, 546, and 549 of the Bankruptcy Code for the Trustee to commence avoidance actions through and including August 15, 2024.\n\n31. In the Tolling Order, the Court found that since the Petition Date, the Debtor has, among other things, filed incomplete or inaccurate schedules and statements of financial affairs, failed to provide books and records to the Trustee, and otherwise failed to cooperate with the Trustee, all in flagrant disregard for his obligations as a debtor under the Bankruptcy Code. (Tolling Order at p. 14.).\n\n32. The Debtor's family members and other individuals and entities associated with him have likewise obstructed the Trustee's investigation, as evidenced by the Court's entry of \"at least eight orders holding the … Debtor, his daughter, [Mei] Guo, and entities allegedly controlled by the … Debtor in contempt for failure to turn over assets and discovery abuse.\" (*Id.* at p. 15.). The Court found the \"noncompliance with this Court's orders in these jointly administered chapter 11 cases, is extraordinary\" (*id.*), and that, in the face of such obstruction, the Trustee's investigation has been \"more than reasonably diligent.\" (*id.* at p. 17). Since February 2024, the Trustee has filed more than 280 adversary proceedings. (*See* Main Docket, generally)*.*\n\n33. On August 14, 2024, the Court entered its *Order Granting Second Motion for Extension of Deadline for Trustee to File Avoidance Actions* [Main Case Docket No. 3417] (the \"Second Tolling Order\"), further extending the time limitations set forth in Sections 108, 546, and 549 of the Bankruptcy Code for the Trustee to commence avoidance actions through February 15, 2025, and noting the continued obstacles to the Trustee's investigation and the Trustee's diligence in conducting same (Second Tolling Order at pp. 2-3).\n\n9\n\n34. The Trustee has acted diligently in investigating and pursuing the claims asserted in this Complaint.\n\n35. In light of, among other things, the extraordinary obstruction that the Trustee has faced in conducting his diligent investigation, the balance of the equities strongly favors equitable tolling of any statutes of limitations applicable to the claims asserted herein.\n\n## **F. Transfers to the Defendant**\n\n36. Prior to the Petition Date, the Debtor, using his alter ego shell company Anton Development, or otherwise, transferred the Debtor's property to the Defendant (the \"Transfer\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n37. At the time of the Transfer, the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of the Debtor's estate.\n\n38. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfer.\n\n### **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 276 and 278, and Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) and 550(a))**\n\n39. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-38 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n40. The Transfer was made by the Debtor, through his alter ego company, Anton Development, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n41. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the\n\nTransfer is shown by, among other things:\n\n- a. The Transfer was effectuated using an alter-ego shell company;\n- b. The Transfer was concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Transfer was effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfer furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors and/or by causing valuable assets to be placed in the hands of the Debtor's family members;\n\ne. The Transfer furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Transfer, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Transfer, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n42. The Transfer is avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 276 and 278, and section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n*[THE REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK.]*\n\n## **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. On the First Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfer in an amount not less than \\$1,617,778.50 is avoided pursuant to section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 276 and 278; (b) an order directing that the Transfer be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfer, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law section 276 and section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n3. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n## [*Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank*]\n\nDated: August 15, 2024 New Haven, CT LUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: */s/ Patrick R. Linsey* Douglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 dskalka@npmlaw.com plinsey@npmlaw.com *Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\n# **SCHEDULE A**\n\nFILED UNDER SEAL","body_zh":"B1040（表格1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗程序封面页\n（说明见背面） 对抗程序编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n原告 被告\nLuc\nA.\nDespins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），\n第11章\n\n受托人 HAITONG\nINTERNATIONAL\nSECURITIES（海通国际证券）\n律师（律所名称、地址及电话号码）\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡），Patrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）\nNeubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.（纽伯特、佩佩与蒙蒂思律师事务所）\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor, New Haven, CT 06510\n(203) 781-2847 律师\n（如已知）\n当事人（仅勾选一个方框）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国\n受托人/破产管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他\n□ 受托人\nX □ 债务人\n□ 债权人\n□ 受托人 当事人（仅勾选一个方框）\n□ 美国受托人/破产\n管理人\n□ 其他\n诉因\n（简要说明诉因，包括所涉全部美国法条）\n第11章\n\n受托人\n提起的\n诉状，\n请求\n撤销并\n追回\n欺诈性\n转让，\n以及\n根据\n《破产法典》第\n\n条及\n\n条\n以及\n《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第\n\n条及\n\n条\n获得\n相关救济。\n\n诉讼性质\n（最多为五（5）个方框编号，以主要诉因为1，第一备选诉因为2，第二备选诉因为3，依此类推。）\n\nFRBP 7001(1) – 追收金钱/财产\n□\n11-追收金钱/财产 - §542 交付财产\n□\n12-追收金钱/财产 - §547 偏颇性清偿\n□\n13-追收金钱/财产 - §548 欺诈性转让\n□\nX\n14-追收金钱/财产 - 其他\n\nFRBP 7001(2) – 留置权的有效性、优先权或范围\n□\n21-留置权或其他财产权益的有效性、优先权或范围 □\n□\n□\n□\n□ FRBP 7001(6) – 可免责性（续）\n61-可免责性 - §523(a)(5)，家庭扶养义务\n68-可免责性 - §523(a)(6)，故意及恶意损害\n63-可免责性 - §523(a)(8)，学生贷款\n64-可免责性 - §523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\n（家庭扶养义务除外）\n65-可免责性 - 其他\n\nFRBP 7001(3) – 批准出售财产\n□\n31-批准出售破产财团财产及共同所有人财产 - §363(h) FRBP 7001(7) – 禁令救济\n□\n71-禁令救济 – 实施中止\n□\n72-禁令救济 – 其他\n\nFRBP 7001(4) – 对免责提出异议/撤销免责\n□\n41-对免责提出异议/撤销免责 - §727(c),(d),(e) FRBP 7001(8) 债权或权益劣后\n□\n81-债权或权益劣后\n\nFRBP 7001(5) – 撤销确认\n□\n51-撤销确认 FRBP 7001(9) 确认判决\n□\n91-确认判决\n\nFRBP 7001(6) – 可免责性\n□\n66-可免责性 - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税务债权\n□\n62-可免责性 - §523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述、\n实际欺诈\n□\n67-可免责性 - §523(a)(4)，作为受托人的欺诈、侵占、盗窃\n（续下栏） FRBP 7001(10) 对移送诉讼的裁定\n□\n01-对移送的债权或诉因作出裁定\n\n其他\n□\nSS-SIPA 案件 – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\n□\n02-其他（例如，如与破产案件无关原应在州法院提起的其他诉讼）\n□ 如本案涉及州法实体问题，请勾选\nX □ 如主张本案为根据 FRCP 23 提起的集体诉讼，请勾选\n□ 如诉状中请求陪审团审判，请勾选 请求金额 \\$\n请求的其他救济\n\nB1040（表格1040）（12/15）\n\n本对抗程序所由产生的破产案件\n\n债务人姓名 破产案件编号\nHo\nWan\nKwok（郭文贵） 22-50073\n(JAM)\n\n案件待决地区 分院办事处 法官姓名\nConnecticut（康涅狄格州） Bridgeport（布里奇波特） Julie\nA.\nManning（朱莉·A·曼宁）\n\n相关对抗程序（如有）\n原告 被告 对抗\n程序编号\n\n对抗程序待决地区 分院办事处 法官姓名\n\n律师（或原告）签名\n\n/s/\nPatrick\nR.\nLinsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）\n\n日期 律师（或原告）姓名正楷\nAugust\n15,\n\nPatrick\nR.\nLinsey\n\n说明\n\n提交破产案件将在破产法院管辖下设立“破产财团”，其中包括债务人的全部财产，无论该等财产位于何处。由于破产财团范围广泛且法院管辖权广泛，可能会就破产财团的财产或财产权利发生诉讼。也可能发生有关债务人免责的诉讼。如在破产法院提起该等诉讼，则称为对抗程序。\n\n提交对抗程序的一方还必须填写并提交表格1040，即《对抗程序封面页》，除非该方通过法院的案件管理/电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提交对抗程序。（CM/ECF 在提交过程中采集表格1040上的信息。）填写完毕后，封面页概述对抗程序的基本信息。法院书记员需要该等信息以处理对抗程序并编制所需的法院活动统计报告。\n\n封面页及其所含信息，并不替代或补充法律、《破产程序规则》或法院地方法规要求提交及送达的诉答文件或其他文件。封面页大部分内容不言自明，必须由原告律师填写（如原告未由律师代理，则由原告填写）。每份提交的诉状均须向书记员单独提交一份封面页。\n\n原告与被告。请准确填写原告和被告在诉状中所载的姓名。\n\n律师。如已知，请填写律师的姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。请为原告在第一栏中勾选最适当的方框，并为被告在第二栏中勾选最适当的方框。\n\n请求金额。填写诉状中请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面页必须由表格第二页方框内的登记在案律师签署。如原告由律师事务所代理，则必须由该所的一名成员签署。如原告自行诉讼，即未由律师代理，则必须由原告签署。\n\n美国康涅狄格联邦地区破产法院布里奇波特分院\n\n：\n\n---------------------------------------------------------- x\n\n关于：\n\nHO WAN KWOK（郭文贵）等人，1\n\n案件编号 22-50073 (JAM)\n\n第11章\n\n债务人。\n\n（合并管理）\n\n对抗程序编号 [ ]\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人，\n\n原告，\n\n诉\n\nAugust 15, 2024\n\nHAITONG INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES（海通国际证券），\n\n被告。\n\n第11章受托人根据《破产法典》第544条及第550条和《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第276条及第278条请求撤销并追回欺诈性转让及获得相关救济的诉状\n\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）以其获任命担任 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（以下简称“债务人”或“Kwok”）第11章案件（以下简称“第11章案件”）第11章受托人（以下简称“受托人”）的身份，提起本\n\n1 本第11章案件的债务人为 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（亦称 Guo Wengui、Miles Guo 和 Miles Kwok，以及众多其他别名）（税务识别号码末四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（税务识别号码末四位：8202）及 Genever Holdings Corporation。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC 和 Genever Holdings Corporation 的邮寄地址为 Paul Hastings LLP（保罗·黑斯廷斯律师事务所），200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，收件人：Luc A. Despins，作为 Ho Wan Kwok 破产财团受托人（仅用于通知和通信）。\n\n对抗诉状（以下简称“诉状”），起诉被告 Haitong International Securities（海通国际证券）（以下简称“被告”），陈述如下：\n\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人提起本对抗程序，以撤销并追回在本第11章案件开始前对债务人财产作出的转让。\n\n2. 债务人通过其另我空壳公司 Anton Development Limited（安东发展有限公司，以下简称“Anton Development”），于申请日（定义见下文）前向作为初始受让人的被告转让了金额为 \\$1,617,778.50 的资金。\n\n3. 该转让构成实际欺诈，因为债务人将其作为其“空壳游戏”的一部分实施，并且该等转让是出于阻碍、拖延及/或欺诈债务人债权人的意图而作出。\n\n管辖权及审判地\n\n4. 本院依据 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b) 对本对抗程序具有事项管辖权。\n\n5. 本对抗程序已依据 28 U.S.C. § 157(a) 移交本院审理。\n\n6. 本文请求救济的法定依据包括《美国法典》第11编（以下简称“破产法典”）第544条及第550条以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第276条及第278条2，或任何其他适用的州法对应规定。\n\n2 凡提及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》的法定引用，如涉及 April 4, 2020 前发生的转让，均指《纽约州统一欺诈性让与法》（New York Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act，以下简称“NYUFC”）。\n\n当事人\n\n7. 受托人系根据破产法院于 July 8, 2022 作出的命令，在第11章案件中担任第11章受托人[案件编号 22-50073（以下简称“主案件”）案卷编号 523]。\n\n8. 被告是一家香港实体，地址位于 22nd Floor, Li Po Chun Building, 189 Des Voeux Road, Central, Hong Kong。\n\n事实\n\nA. 第11章案件\n\n9. 债务人于 February 15, 2022 在 United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut（美国康涅狄格联邦地区破产法院，以下简称“破产法院”）根据《美国法典》第11编第11章（以下简称“破产法典”）提交了自愿破产救济申请（以下简称“申请日”），从而启动了上述标题所载第11章案件（以下简称“第11章案件”）。\n\n10. 于 March 21, 2022，美国受托人办公室在本第11章案件中任命了无担保债权人正式委员会。尚未任命审查员。\n\n11. 债务人于 March 2022 向破产法院提交的破产财产清单称，其拥有 \\$3,850 的资产，并承担数亿美元债务。3 虽然债务人的确负债累累，但其财产清单未披露债务人通过其众多另我空壳公司（包括 Anton Development）持有及/或转让的财产。\n\n12. 于 June 15, 2022，破产法院作出决定备忘录及命令[主案件案卷编号 465]，指示美国受托人于第11章案件中任命一名第11章受托人。根据该命令，美国受托人选定 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）担任受托人。于 July 8, 2022，破产法院作出命令，批准任命 Luc A. Despins 为第11章案件的受托人[主案件案卷编号 523]。\n\n3 《资产与负债清单》，第1页[主案件案卷编号 78]。\n\nB. 债务人使用空壳公司及受托人的对抗程序\n\n13. Anton Development 是债务人为阻碍、拖延及/或欺诈其债权人而使用的众多另我空壳公司之一。4 多年来，债务人一直策划“空壳游戏”，利用由家庭成员、亲信及/或下属名义持有、但实际上受债务人控制的复杂空壳公司网络。该空壳游戏使债务人得以使用、支出及/或转让数百万美元现金及其他资产。\n\n14. 自获任命以来，受托人已在第11章案件中提起多项对抗程序，以便除其他事项外，确认债务人的空壳公司系其另我及/或该等公司及其资产在衡平法上归债务人所有；并且在若干该等对抗程序中，破产法院已准予该等救济。5\n\n4 于 February 15, 2024，受托人对包括 Anton Development 在内的多方提起对抗程序（见 Despins v. ACA Capital Group Ltd., et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 24-05249]（以下简称“综合对抗程序”）），该对抗程序除其他事项外，请求作出确认判决，确认该实体是债务人的另我。受托人通过引用方式将受托人在综合对抗程序中提交的诉状（Adv. Proc. No. 24-0249, Docket No. 1）并入本文。\n\n5 这些对抗诉讼包括以下案件：(i) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人，诉 HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC（HK国际基金投资（美国）有限公司）等案 [对抗诉讼案号 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人，诉 Greenwich Land LLC（格林尼治土地有限责任公司）等案 [对抗诉讼案号 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人，诉 Mei Guo（郭梅）案 [对抗诉讼案号 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人，诉 HCHK Technologies, Inc.（HCHK科技公司）等案 [对抗诉讼案号 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人，诉 Taurus Fund LLC（金牛基金有限责任公司）等案 [对抗诉讼案号 23- 05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人，诉 Golden Spring (New York) Limited（黄金泉〔纽约〕有限公司）案 [对抗诉讼案号 23-05018]；(vii) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人，诉 Lamp Capital LLC（兰普资本有限责任公司）等案 [对抗诉讼案号 23-05023]；以及 (viii) Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章受托人，诉 ACA Capital Group Ltd.（ACA资本集团有限公司）等案 [对抗诉讼案号 24-05249]。\n\n15. 这些诉讼中的事实模式一贯涉及：(i) 由近亲属和/或下属持有的、由债务人控制的空壳公司，(ii) 使用来自其他由债务人控制的实体的现金购置的资产，和/或无偿转让给空壳实体及在空壳实体之间转让的资产，以及 (iii) 债务人从该等资产中受益，并对其拥有控制权和支配权。\n\nC. 债务人为阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债权人所实施的行为\n\n16. 除受托人对抗诉讼中处理的事项外，破产法院还认定，债务人是 Ace Decade Limited（艾斯迪凯德有限公司）的实益所有人（并通过该公司成为 Dawn State Limited（道恩州有限公司）的实益所有人），且债务人控制并使用了 Ace Decade Limited 的名义股东 Yvette Wang（王伊薇）。6\n\n17. 破产法院还认定，“G Entities”（G实体）（Gettr、G Fashion、G Music、GClubs、GNews 和 GEdu）、New Federal State of China（中国新联邦国）及 Rule of Law Foundation（法治基金会），以及其他声称独立的实体和组织，均受债务人控制，7 由债务人领导，8 和/或服务于债务人的“目的……并作为债务人的商业载体”。9\n\n18. 在申请日之前，United States District Court for the Southern District of New York（美国纽约南区联邦地区法院）的 Liman 法官认定，Eastern Profit Corporation Limited（东方盈利有限公司）——一个最初由债务人的一名厨师拥有、后转让给债务人女儿的实体——本质上是债务人的“一家空壳公司”。10\n\n6 关于准许要求认定债务人藐视公司治理命令之动议的命令，第¶¶ 1、4段（Jan. 24, 2023，案卷编号 1372（“公司治理藐视法庭命令”）。\n\n7 经更正的关于部分准许初步禁令动议的裁决备忘录，第¶ 3段（对抗诉讼案号 22-05032，January 13, 2023（“债务人还控制 Saraca Media Group（萨拉卡媒体集团）及一关联实体‘GTV’”）。\n\n8 同上，第¶ 7段（“债务人是 The Whistleblower Movement（吹哨人运动）、NFSC、ROLF 和 Himalaya（喜马拉雅）的领导人。”）。\n\n9 同上。（“The Whistleblower Movement、NFSC、ROLF、GSeries 和 Himalaya 服务于债务人的目的，作为债务人的商业载体，其成员在个人上忠于债务人。”）。\n\n19. 债务人为阻碍和拖延其最大债权人之一，即 Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P.（太平洋联盟亚洲机会基金，L.P.）（“PAX”）的追偿工作，已不遗余力。2017年，PAX 在 Supreme Court of the State of New York（纽约州最高法院）（“纽约法院”）提起诉讼，案卷索引号 652077/2017（“PAX案件”），请求就所欠款项作出判决。On February 3, 2021，PAX 从纽约法院取得针对债务人的 \\$116,402,019.57 判决（“PAX判决”）。PAX 试图通过扣押债务人的资产来执行PAX判决——其中包括 Lady May，债务人虚假声称其由其女儿所有；以及债务人在 Manhattan（曼哈顿）的豪华公寓，债务人虚假声称该公寓系为债务人的儿子以信托方式持有。债务人在判决后程序中藐视纽约法院命令的行为，最终导致债务人被处以 \\$134 million 的藐视法庭罚款。\n\n20. 债务人还将其另我实体，包括 Anton Development（安东发展），用作个人资金库，在向债权人隐匿该等另我实体中的资产并阻碍和拖延债权人就其债权获得追偿的同时，为其本人及其家人已习惯的奢华生活方式提供资金。债务人通过该等另我实体实施的转让延续了债务人的欺诈计划。\n\n10 Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at *1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n21. 债务人已在破产法院作证称，其资产不足以偿还其负债，且其奢华生活方式由其家人通过名义上由家庭成员持有的企业提供资金。11 债务人在其清单中仅列报 \\$3,850 的资产。12\n\n22. In March 2023，债务人被联邦当局逮捕并被无保释羁押。On July 16, 2024，在 United States District Court for the Southern District of New York（美国纽约南区联邦地区法院）审理后，债务人被判犯有九项重罪罪名项，即敲诈勒索共谋、实施电信欺诈及银行欺诈共谋、洗钱共谋、实施证券欺诈共谋、与 Farm Loan Program（农场贷款计划）有关的电信欺诈、与 Farm Loan Program 有关的证券欺诈、与 G|CLUBS 有关的电信欺诈、与 G|CLUBS 有关的证券欺诈，以及与 Himalaya Exchange（喜马拉雅交易所）有关的电信欺诈。\n\n23. 在针对债务人的刑事起诉书中，美国政府主张，债务人及其共同被告“利用以至少80个不同实体或个人名义持有的约500多个账户，对超过 \\$1 billion 的欺诈所得进行洗钱。”13\n\n24. 债务人另我实体的财产，包括 Anton Development 的财产，在申请日之前的任何时候均为债务人的财产。\n\n25. 在与本案有关的所有期间，债务人在 New York, New York（纽约州纽约市）从事经营活动，包括指示进行该转让（定义见下文）。\n\n11 关于债务人请求作出临时及最终DIP命令的动议的听证会：(I) 授权债务人取得无担保、次级的申请后融资，及 (II) 安排临时和最终听证会，以及 (III) 给予相关救济（主案，April 27, 2022）\n\n12 见脚注3。\n\n13 见美利坚合众国反对被告 Yanping Wang（王艳萍）审前释放动议的法律备忘录，第29页，该备忘录作为附件B附于第11章受托人对 G Club Operations LLC（G俱乐部运营有限责任公司）就受托人请求强制履行及相关救济的动议所提补充异议的答复中（June 23, 2023，主案案卷编号 1934）。\n\nD. 为阻碍、拖延或欺诈债权人而作出的转让\n\n26. 本起诉状所涉转让系出于阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人债权人的意图作出，因为该转让系通过作为债务人空壳公司障眼法一部分而运作的债务人另我空壳公司作出。\n\n27. 债务人故意以此方式安排其财务事务，以便在向其众多债权人虚假声称贫困的同时，隐匿和耗散数百万美元的资产。债务人在声称自己穷困潦倒的同时，又大量花费，以维持其本人、其家人及其密切关联人的亿万富翁生活方式。\n\n28. 债务人隐匿和耗散的资产包括其从其加密货币、证券及其他欺诈计划的受害人处取得的资金。由于该等行为，债务人在 United States District Court for the Southern District of New York（美国纽约南区联邦地区法院）审理的一宗刑事案件中，已被判犯有多项重罪欺诈、洗钱及敲诈勒索罪名。见 United States v. Ho Wan Kwok（美利坚合众国诉郭文贵）, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 395] (July 18, 2024 S.D.N.Y.)。\n\n29. 债务人知悉并意图通过以此方式隐匿和耗散其资产，不会剩余足够资产偿还其债权人——包括其欺诈行为的众多受害人。因此，该等转让必然是出于阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人债权人的意图作出。\n\nE. 撤销请求的时效中止\n\n30. On February 15, 2024，法院作出其关于部分准许延长期限动议的裁决备忘录和命令 [主案案卷编号 2921]（“时效中止命令”），其中法院根据 Bankruptcy Rule 9006(b)（破产程序规则9006(b)），将《破产法典》第108、546和549条规定的受托人提起撤销之诉的期限延长至并包括 August 15, 2024。\n\n31. 法院在时效中止命令中认定，自申请日以来，债务人除其他事项外，提交了不完整或不准确的清单及财务状况说明书，未向受托人提供账簿和记录，并且以其他方式未与受托人合作，所有这些行为均公然无视其作为《破产法典》下债务人的义务。（时效中止命令，第14页。）\n\n32. 债务人的家庭成员及其他与其有关联的个人和实体同样妨碍了受托人的调查，法院已作出“至少八项命令，认定……债务人、其女儿、[Mei] Guo（[郭]梅），以及据称受……债务人控制的实体因未移交资产和滥用证据开示程序而藐视法庭”，即为明证。（同上，第15页。）法院认定，“在这些合并管理的第11章案件中不遵守本法院命令的情形，属于非同寻常”（同上），并认定面对该等阻碍，受托人的调查“已超过合理勤勉的程度。”（同上，第17页。）自 February 2024 以来，受托人已提起超过280宗对抗诉讼。（总体见主案案卷。）\n\n33. On August 14, 2024，法院作出其关于准许第二次延长受托人提起撤销之诉期限动议的命令 [主案案卷编号 3417]（“第二份时效中止命令”），进一步将《破产法典》第108、546和549条规定的受托人提起撤销之诉的期限延长至 February 15, 2025，并指出受托人调查持续面临的障碍以及受托人在进行该项调查时的勤勉（第二份时效中止命令，第2-3页）。\n\n34. 受托人已勤勉地调查并追究本起诉状中主张的请求。\n\n35. 鉴于受托人在进行勤勉调查时所面临的非同寻常阻碍等因素，衡平利益的权衡强烈支持对适用于本案所主张请求的任何诉讼时效进行衡平法上的时效中止。\n\nF. 向被告作出的转让\n\n36. 在申请日之前，债务人使用其另我空壳公司 Anton Development，或以其他方式，向被告转让债务人的财产（“该转让”），包括但不限于如下：\n\n见随附并构成本起诉状组成部分的附表A。\n\n37. 在该转让作出时，债务人对债务人财产的债权人负有未偿义务。\n\n38. 被告是该转让的初始受让人。\n\n第一项请求\n\n（根据《纽约债务人与债权人法》第276和278条以及《破产法典》第544(b)和550(a)条，请求撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让）\n\n39. 受托人重申并再次主张第1至38段所载指控，如同在此全文列明。\n\n40. 债务人通过其另我公司 Anton Development 作出该转让时，具有阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的实际意图。\n\n41. 债务人在实施该转让时阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，可由以下事实证明：\n\na. 该转让系使用一家另我空壳公司实施；\n\nb. 该转让被向债务人的债权人隐瞒；\n\nc. 该转让系作为债务人的“空壳公司障眼法”的一部分，在债务人的家庭成员及其所控制的其他得力助手和下属的协助下实施，旨在隐匿和遮蔽资产；\n\nd. 该转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈行为中获益，而不使其财产受到其债权人追索，及/或通过使有价值的资产置于债务人家庭成员之手，进一步促成了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 该转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈行为中获利，而不使其财产受到其债权人追索，进一步促成了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在该转让时，债务人正受到诉讼，包括 PAX 在 PAX 案件中提起的诉讼；以及\n\ng. 在该转让时，债务人无力偿债或资本不足。\n\n42. 根据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 276 and 278 以及《破产法》section 544(b)，该转让可由受托人撤销，并可根据《破产法》section 550(a) 予以追回。\n\n[本页其余部分特意留白。]\n\n请求救济\n\n因此，基于前述理由，受托人谨请求作出如下判决：\n\n1. 就第一项请求权：（a）作出命令，宣告金额不低于 $1,617,778.50 的该转让根据《破产法》section 544(b) 及 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 276 and 278 予以撤销；（b）作出命令，指令撤销该转让；以及（c）根据 N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law section 276 及《破产法》section 550(a)(1)，为债务人财产的利益，从被告处追回该转让，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n2. 向受托人裁定自提交本起诉状之日起至本案判决之日止，按最高法定利率计算的判决前利息；以及\n\n3. 法院在此情况下认为公正、适当或衡平的其他及进一步救济。\n\n[本页其余部分特意留白]\n\n日期：August 15, 2024\nNew Haven, CT\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯）\n第11章受托人\n\n签署人：/s/ Patrick R. Linsey\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡）（ct00616）\nPatrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）（ct29437）\nNEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.（纽伯特、佩佩与蒙蒂思律师事务所，P.C.）\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor\nNew Haven, Connecticut 06510\n(203) 781-2847\ndskalka@npmlaw.com\nplinsey@npmlaw.com\n第11章受托人的律师\n\n附表 A\n\n密封提交","key_entities":["Despins","Kwok","Je","Ho Wan Kwok","Guo","Himalaya","Farm Loan","Miles Guo","Yanping Wang","HCHK","GTV","Saraca","Himalaya Exchange","GETTR","Paul Hastings","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[{"doc_number":395,"court":"CTB"}],"word_count":4273,"status":"published","published_at":null,"created_at":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-23 19:51:04"}