{"id":"court_ctb_4061_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":4061,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":"2025-02-12","title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | | | |\n|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS
Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee | DEFENDANTS
CRISP Insurance Advisors | | | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.)
Douglas S. Skalka, Patrick R. Linsey
Neubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.
195 Church Street, 13 Floor, New Haven, CT 06510
203-781-2847 | ATTORNEYS
(If Known) | | | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only)
□ Debtor
□ U.S.
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin
□ Creditor
□ Other
□ Trustee
✔ | PARTY (Check One Box Only)
□ Debtor
□ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin
□ Creditor
□ Other
✔
□ Trustee | | | | |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION
(WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED)
COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF POSTPETITION
TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 549 AND 550 | | | | | |\n| NATURE OF SUIT
(Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property
□
11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property
□
12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference
□
13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
□
✔
14-Recovery of money/property - other
FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
□
21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued)
□
61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support
□
68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury
□
63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan
□
64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation
(other than domestic support)
□
65-Dischargeability - other | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property
□
31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h) | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief
□
71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay
□
72-Injunctive relief – other | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge
□
41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e) | FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest
□
81-Subordination of claim or interest | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation
□
51-Revocation of confirmation | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment
□
91-Declaratory judgment | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability
□
66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims
□
62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation,
actual fraud
□
67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny
(continued next column) | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action
□
01-Determination of removed claim or cause
Other
□
SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.
□
02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court
if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | | | |\n| □ Check if this case involves a substantive issue of state law | □ Check if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23 | | | | |\n| □ Check if a jury trial is demanded in complaint | Demand \\$ | | | | |\n| Other Relief Sought | | | | | |\n\n#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | | | |\n|---------------------------------------------------------------|-----------|------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|--|--|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR
Ho Wan Kwok | | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO.
22-50073 | | | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING
Connecticut | | DIVISION OFFICE
Bridgeport | NAME OF JUDGE
Julie A. Manning | | | |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFF | DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY
PROCEEDING NO. | | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | | | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF)
/s/ Douglas S. Skalka | | | | | | |\n| DATE
February 12, 2025 | | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF)
Douglas S. Skalka | | | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n# **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | | x | | |\n|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|-----------------------------------------------|---|\n| In re: | :
: | | Chapter 11 | |\n| 1
HO WAN KWOK,
et al., | :
: | | Case No. 22-50073 (JAM) | |\n| | :
Debtors.
:
: | | (Jointly Administered) | |\n| -----------------------------------------------------------
LUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11
TRUSTEE,
v.
CRISP INSURANCE ADVISORS,
----------------------------------------------------------- | :
:
:
:
Plaintiff,
:
:
:
:
:
:
Defendant.
:
: | x
x | Adv. Proceeding No. 25-[
February 12, 2025 | ] |\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF POSTPETITION TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 549 AND 550**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the\n\nchapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this\n\n1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\ncomplaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant CRISP INSURANCE ADVISORS (the \"Defendant\"), stating as follows:\n\n#### **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding to avoid and recover transfers of property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate after the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case and not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court under Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\").\n\n2. Following the Petition Date, the Debtor, through his alter-ego shell companies, Rule of Law Foundation III Inc (\"ROLF\") and Rule of Law Society IV Inc (\"ROLS\" and, with ROLF, collectively the \"Relevant Alter Egos\"), transferred funds in the amount of \\$176,367.75 to the Defendant as the initial transferee.\n\n3. Because these postpetition transfers of estate property were not authorized by the Court or under the Bankruptcy Code, they are subject to avoidance and recovery under sections 549 and 550 of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n#### **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b).\n\n5. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(a).\n\n6. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include sections 549 and 550 of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n#### **THE PARTIES**\n\n7. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n8. The Defendant is a New Jersey domestic limited liability company with an address and place of business at Campus View Plaza, 1250 Route 28, Suite 201, Branchburg, New Jersey, 08876.\n\n### **FACTS**\n\n#### **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n9. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Court\" or the \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the Chapter 11 Case.\n\n10. On March 21, 2022, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n11. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities.2 While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and/or transferred through his many alter-ego shell companies, including the Relevant Alter Egos.\n\n12. On June 15, 2022, the Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11 trustee in the\n\n2 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 [Main Case Docket No. 78].\n\nChapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the Trustee. On July 8, 2022, the Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n#### **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n13. The Relevant Alter Egos are among the numerous alter-ego shell companies used by the Debtor to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors. For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members, lieutenants, and/or subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use and spend and/or transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets while concealing his property from creditors.\n\n14. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell companies were his alter-egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several such adversary proceedings the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief. 3\n\n15. The Trustee is pursuing the same or substantially similar relief with respect ROLF and ROLS in *Despins v. ACA Capital Group Ltd*, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 24-05249] (the \"Omnibus\n\n3 Adversary proceedings in which the Trustee is seeking or has obtained such relief include, in addition to the Omnibus A.P.: (i) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC*, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC*, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc.*, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC*, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]; (vi) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited* [Adv. Proc. 23-05018]; (vii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC*, et al. [Adv. Proc. 23-05023]; (viii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Bouillor Holdings Limited*, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 24-5311]; and (ix) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. AA Global Ventures Limited*, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 24-05322].\n\nA.P.\"). The Trustee refers to and incorporates herein his Complaint filed in the Omnibus A.P. (Omnibus A.P., Docket No. 1).\n\n16. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from other Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n### **C. Debtor's Shell Game and Fraud Continues Postpetition**\n\n17. As of the Petition Date, all of the Debtor's property held through his alter egos, including the Relevant Alter Egos, became property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate. *See* 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1).\n\n18. Following the Petition Date, the Debtor, with blatant disregard for the Bankruptcy Court and his obligations under the Bankruptcy Code, continued to effectuate transfers through numerous alter-ego shell companies, including, without limitation, the Relevant Alter Egos.\n\n19. None of these postpetition transfers were authorized by the Bankruptcy Court nor were such transfers authorized under the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n#### **D. Transfers to the Defendant**\n\n20. Subsequent to the Petition Date, the Debtor, through his shell companies, including the Relevant Alter Egos, transferred property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate to the Defendant (collectively, the \"Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\n### See **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n21. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of the Debtor's estate.\n\n22. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfers.\n\n### **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n## **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Unauthorized Transfers pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 549 and 550(a))**\n\n23. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-22 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n24. The Transfers were made to the Defendant by the Debtor, including through his alter-ego shell companies, ROLF and ROLS.\n\n25. The Transfers occurred after the Petition Date.\n\n26. The Transfers were not authorized by the Bankruptcy Court or by the Bankruptcy\n\nCode.\n\n27. The Transfers constituted the unauthorized transfer of property of the Debtor's chapter 11 estate.\n\n28. The Transfers are avoidable pursuant to section 549(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n29. Pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code, the Trustee is entitled to recover\n\nthe Transfers, or the value thereof, from the Defendant plus interest thereon to the date of payment and the costs of this action.\n\n*[THE REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK.]*\n\n#### **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. On the First Claim, an order (a) declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$176,367.75 are avoided pursuant to section 549 of the Bankruptcy Code; and (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n3. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\nDated: February 12, 2025 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: /s/ *Douglas S. Skalka* Douglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 dskalka@npmlaw.com plinsey@npmlaw.com *Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\nCase 22-50073 Doc 4061 Filed 02/12/25 Entered 02/12/25 16:34:42 Page 10 of 10\n\n## **SCHEDULE A**\n\nFILED UNDER SEAL","body_zh":"B1040（表格 1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗诉讼封面表\n（说明见背面） 对抗诉讼编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n原告\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第 11 章受托人 被告\nCRISP Insurance Advisors（CRISP 保险顾问公司）\n律师（律师事务所名称、地址和电话号码）\nDouglas S. Skalka（道格拉斯·S·斯卡尔卡），Patrick R. Linsey（帕特里克·R·林赛）\nNeubert, Pepe & Monteith, P.C.（诺伊伯特、佩佩及蒙蒂斯律师事务所）\n195 Church Street, 13 Floor, New Haven, CT 06510\n203-781-2847 律师\n（如已知）\n当事人（仅勾选一项）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国\n受托人/破产管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他\n□ 受托人\n✔ 当事人（仅勾选一项）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国受托人/破产\n管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他\n✔\n□ 受托人\n\n诉因\n（请简要说明诉因，包括所涉全部美国法令）\n第 11 章受托人依据《破产法》第 549 条及第 550 条寻求撤销及追回申请日后转让以及相关救济的起诉状\n\n诉讼性质\n（自主要诉因作为第 1 项、第一替代诉因作为第 2 项、第二替代诉因作为第 3 项等起，最多编号五（5）个方框。）\n\nFRBP 7001(1)——追回金钱/财产\n□\n11——追回金钱/财产——§542 财产交付\n□\n12——追回金钱/财产——§547 偏颇清偿\n□\n13——追回金钱/财产——§548 欺诈性转让\n□\n✔\n14——追回金钱/财产——其他\n\nFRBP 7001(2)——留置权的有效性、优先顺位或范围\n□\n21——留置权或其他财产权益的有效性、优先顺位或范围 FRBP 7001(6)——可免责性（续）\n□\n61——可免责性——§523(a)(5)，家庭扶养\n□\n68——可免责性——§523(a)(6)，故意及恶意损害\n□\n63——可免责性——§523(a)(8)，学生贷款\n□\n64——可免责性——§523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\n（家庭扶养除外）\n□\n65——可免责性——其他\n\nFRBP 7001(3)——批准出售财产\n□\n31——批准出售破产财团财产及共同所有人财产——§363(h) FRBP 7001(7)——禁令救济\n□\n71——禁令救济——施加中止\n□\n72——禁令救济——其他\n\nFRBP 7001(4)——对免责提出异议/撤销免责\n□\n41——对免责提出异议/撤销免责——§727(c),(d),(e) FRBP 7001(8) 债权或权益的劣后顺位\n□\n81——债权或权益的劣后顺位\n\nFRBP 7001(5)——撤销确认\n□\n51——撤销确认 FRBP 7001(9) 确认判决\n□\n91——确认判决\n\nFRBP 7001(6)——可免责性\n□\n66——可免责性——§523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税收债权\n□\n62——可免责性——§523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述、\n实际欺诈\n□\n67——可免责性——§523(a)(4)，受托人欺诈、侵占、盗窃\n（续见下一栏） FRBP 7001(10) 对移送诉讼的裁定\n□\n01——对移送债权或诉因的裁定\n\n其他\n□\nSS——SIPA 案件——15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\n□\n02——其他（例如，如与破产案件无关本应在州法院提起的其他诉讼）\n□ 如本案涉及州法实体争议问题，请勾选 □ 如主张本案为依据 FRCP 23 的集体诉讼，请勾选\n□ 如起诉状中要求陪审团审判，请勾选 请求金额 \\$\n请求的其他救济\n\nB1040（表格 1040）（12/15）\n\n本对抗诉讼所源于的破产案件\n\n债务人姓名\nHo Wan Kwok（郭文贵） 破产案件编号\n22-50073\n案件审理地区\nConnecticut（康涅狄格州） 分院办事处\nBridgeport（布里奇波特） 法官姓名\nJulie A. Manning（朱莉·A·曼宁）\n相关对抗诉讼（如有）\n原告 被告 对抗\n诉讼编号\n对抗诉讼审理地区 分院办事处 法官姓名\n律师（或原告）签名\n/s/ Douglas S. Skalka\n日期\nFebruary 12, 2025 律师（或原告）印刷姓名\nDouglas S. Skalka\n\n说明\n\n提交破产案件会在破产法院管辖下设立“破产财团”，其由债务人的全部财产构成，无论该等财产位于何处。由于破产财团范围如此广泛，且法院管辖权如此宽泛，可能会就破产财团的财产或财产权提起诉讼。也可能存在关于债务人免责的诉讼。如该等诉讼在破产法院提起，则称为对抗诉讼。\n\n提起对抗诉讼的一方还必须填写并提交表格 1040，即《对抗诉讼封面表》，除非该方通过法院的案件管理/电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提交对抗诉讼。（CM/ECF 在提交过程中采集表格 1040 所载信息。）填写完成后，封面表概述对抗诉讼的基本信息。法院书记员需要该等信息以处理对抗诉讼并编制有关法院活动的必要统计报告。\n\n封面表及其所载信息不能替代或补充法律、《破产规则》或法院地方法规所要求的诉状或其他文件的提交和送达。该封面表大部分内容不言自明，必须由原告律师填写（如原告未由律师代理，则由原告填写）。每份提交的起诉状均须向书记员另行提交一份封面表。\n\n原告和被告。请按照其在起诉状中出现的方式准确填写原告和被告姓名。\n\n律师。如已知，请填写律师的姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。请在第一栏中为原告勾选最适当的方框，并在第二栏中为被告勾选最适当的方框。\n\n请求金额。填写起诉状中请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面表必须由登记在案的律师在表格第二页的方框内签署。如原告由律师事务所代理，该律师事务所的一名成员必须签署。如原告自行诉讼，即未由律师代理，则必须由原告签署。\n\n美国康涅狄格州破产法院布里奇波特分院\n\n----------------------------------------------------------- x\n\n关于： ：\n： 第 11 章\n\nHO WAN KWOK（郭文贵），\n等， ：\n： 案件编号 22-50073 (JAM)\n\n债务人。\n：\n： （合并管理）\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第 11 章\n受托人，\n诉\nCRISP INSURANCE ADVISORS（CRISP 保险顾问公司），\n\n原告，\n\n被告。\n：\n： x\nx 对抗诉讼编号 25-[\nFebruary 12, 2025 ]\n第 11 章受托人依据《破产法》第 549 条及第 550 条寻求撤销及追回申请日后转让以及相关救济的起诉状\n\nLuc A. Despins，以其作为在 Ho Wan Kwok（“债务人”或“Kwok”）的\n\n第 11 章案件（“第 11 章案件”）中获任命的第 11 章受托人（“受托人”）的身份，提交本\n\n1 本第 11 章案件中的债务人为 Ho Wan Kwok（亦称 Guo Wengui、Miles Guo 和 Miles Kwok，以及众多其他别名）（税务识别号码后四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（税务识别号码后四位：8202）以及 Genever Holdings Corporation。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC 和 Genever Holdings Corporation 的邮寄地址为 Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，转交 Luc A. Despins，作为 Ho Wan Kwok 破产财团的受托人（仅用于通知和通信）。\n\n起诉状（“起诉状”），起诉被告 CRISP INSURANCE ADVISORS（“被告”），陈述如下：\n\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人提起本对抗诉讼，以撤销并追回在本第 11 章案件启动后，对债务人第 11 章破产财团财产所作、且未经破产法院依据《美国法典》第 11 篇（“破产法”）授权的转让。\n\n2. 在申请日后，债务人通过其另我空壳公司 Rule of Law Foundation III Inc（“ROLF”）和 Rule of Law Society IV Inc（“ROLS”，与 ROLF 合称“相关另我实体”），向作为初始受让人的被告转让了金额为 \\$176,367.75 的资金。\n\n3. 由于该等申请日后对破产财团财产的转让未经法院或《破产法》授权，故其可依《破产法》第 549 条及第 550 条予以撤销及追回。\n\n管辖权和审判地\n\n4. 本法院依 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b) 对本对抗诉讼享有事项管辖权。\n\n5. 本对抗诉讼已依 28 U.S.C. § 157(a) 移交本法院审理。\n\n6. 本文所请求救济的法定依据包括《破产法》第 549 条及第 550 条。\n\n当事人\n\n7. 受托人系第 11 章案件中的第 11 章受托人，依据破产法院于 July 8, 2022 作出的命令而获任命[案件编号 22-50073（“主案件”）案卷编号 523]。\n\n8. 被告是一家新泽西州本土有限责任公司，其地址及营业地点为 Campus View Plaza, 1250 Route 28, Suite 201, Branchburg, New Jersey, 08876。\n\n事实\n\nA. 第 11 章案件\n\n9. 债务人于 February 15, 2022（“申请日”）向 United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut（美国康涅狄格州联邦破产法院）（“本法院”或“破产法院”）自愿提交根据《破产法》第 11 章请求救济的申请，从而启动第 11 章案件。\n\n10. 于 March 21, 2022，Office of the United States Trustee（美国受托人办公室）在本第 11 章案件中任命了无担保债权人正式委员会。尚未任命审查员。\n\n11. 债务人于 March 2022 向破产法院提交的破产清单声称，其拥有 \\$3,850 的资产，并产生了数亿美元的负债。2 尽管债务人确实负债累累，其清单未披露由其众多另我空壳公司（包括相关另我实体）持有和/或转让的债务人财产。\n\n12. 于 June 15, 2022，本法院作出裁决备忘录及命令[主案件案卷编号 465]，指示美国受托人在\n\n2 资产和负债清单，第 1 页[主案件案卷编号 78]。\n\n第 11 章案件中任命一名第 11 章受托人。根据该命令，美国受托人选定 Luc A. Despins 担任受托人。于 July 8, 2022，本法院作出命令，批准任命 Luc A. Despins 担任第 11 章案件中的受托人[主案件案卷编号 523]。\n\nB. 债务人对空壳公司的使用及受托人的对抗诉讼\n\n13. 相关另我实体属于债务人为阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人而使用的众多另我空壳公司。多年来，债务人策划了一场“空壳游戏”，利用一个复杂的空壳公司网络，该等公司名义上由家庭成员、亲信和/或下属拥有，但实际上由债务人控制。该空壳游戏使债务人能够使用及支出和/或转让数百万美元现金及其他资产，同时向债权人隐瞒其财产。\n\n14. 自获任命以来，受托人已在第 11 章案件中提起多项对抗诉讼，以便除其他事项外，确定债务人的空壳公司系其另我实体和/或该等公司及其资产在衡平法上归债务人所有；在数项该等对抗诉讼中，破产法院已准予该等救济。3\n\n15. 受托人正在 Despins v. ACA Capital Group Ltd, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 24-05249]（“综合\n\n3 除综合对抗程序（Omnibus A.P.）外，受托人正在寻求或已获得该等救济的对抗程序包括：(i) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee（卢克·A·德斯平斯，第11章受托人）诉 HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC（HK国际基金投资（美国）有限公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 Greenwich Land LLC（格林尼治土地有限责任公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 Mei Guo（梅国）案 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 HCHK Technologies, Inc.（HCHK科技公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 Taurus Fund LLC（金牛基金有限责任公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 Golden Spring (New York) Limited（黄金泉（纽约）有限公司）案 [Adv. Proc. 23-05018]；(vii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 Lamp Capital LLC（蓝普资本有限责任公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. 23-05023]；(viii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 Bouillor Holdings Limited（布伊约尔控股有限公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 24-5311]；以及 (ix) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee 诉 AA Global Ventures Limited（AA全球创投有限公司）等案 [Adv. Proc. No. 24-05322]。\n\nA.P.”）。受托人援引并纳入其在综合对抗程序中提交的起诉书，如同在本文中完整载明。（综合对抗程序，Docket No. 1）。\n\n16. 这些诉讼中的事实模式一贯涉及：(i) 由近亲属和/或下属持有的、由债务人控制的空壳公司；(ii) 使用来自其他由债务人控制实体的现金购买的资产和/或在空壳实体之间无对价转移的资产；以及 (iii) 债务人从该等资产中受益，并对该等资产享有控制权和支配权。\n\nC. 债务人的空壳操作和欺诈行为在申请破产后仍在继续\n\n17. 截至申请日，债务人通过其另我实体持有的所有财产，包括相关另我实体，均成为债务人第11章破产财产的一部分。见 11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1)。\n\n18. 申请日后，债务人公然无视破产法院及其根据《破产法》所承担的义务，继续通过众多另我空壳公司实施转让，包括但不限于相关另我实体。\n\n19. 这些申请破产后的转让均未经破产法院授权，亦未根据《破产法》获得授权。\n\nD. 向被告进行的转让\n\n20. 申请日后，债务人通过其空壳公司，包括相关另我实体，向被告转让了债务人第11章破产财产中的财产（统称“转让”），包括但不限于如下所列：\n见随附并构成本文件一部分的附表A。\n\n21. 在转让发生时，债务人对其破产财产的债权人负有未清偿义务。\n\n22. 被告为该等转让的初始受让人。\n\n第一项请求\n（根据《破产法》第549条和第550(a)条提出的撤销及追回未经授权转让的请求）\n\n23. 受托人重申并再次主张第1至22段所载的指控，如同在本文中完整载明。\n\n24. 该等转让由债务人向被告作出，包括通过其另我空壳公司 ROLF 和 ROLS 作出。\n\n25. 该等转让发生于申请日后。\n\n26. 该等转让未经破产法院或《破产法》授权。\n\n27. 该等转让构成对债务人第11章破产财产未经授权的转让。\n\n28. 根据《破产法》第549(a)条，该等转让可予撤销。\n\n29. 根据《破产法》第550(a)条，受托人有权向被告追回该等转让或其价值，并收取截至付款日的利息及本案费用。\n\n[本页其余部分特意留白。]\n\n救济请求\n\n因此，基于上述理由，受托人谨请求作出如下判决：\n\n1. 就第一项请求，作出命令：(a) 宣告金额不少于 \\$176,367.75 的该等转让根据《破产法》第549条予以撤销；以及 (b) 命令撤销该等转让；以及 (c) 根据《破产法》第550(a)(1)条，为债务人破产财产之利益，按受托人的选择向被告追回该等转让或其价值；\n\n2. 判给受托人自提交本起诉书之日起至本案判决之日止按最高法定利率计算的判决前利息；以及\n\n3. 法院在具体情形下认为公正、适当或符合衡平原则的其他及进一步救济。\n\n日期：February 12, 2025 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS，第11章受托人\n\n签署人：/s/ Douglas S. Skalka\nDouglas S. Skalka（ct00616）\nPatrick R. Linsey（ct29437）\nNEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.（纽伯特、佩佩及蒙蒂思律师事务所）\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor\nNew Haven, Connecticut 06510\n(203) 781-2847\ndskalka@npmlaw.com\nplinsey@npmlaw.com\n第11章受托人代理律师\n\nCase 22-50073 Doc 4061 Filed 02/12/25 Entered 02/12/25 16:34:42 Page 10 of 10\n\n附表A\n\n密封提交","key_entities":["Despins","Kwok","Je","Ho Wan Kwok","Guo","Miles Guo","HCHK","Paul Hastings","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[],"word_count":2676,"status":"published","published_at":"2025-02-12 00:00:00","created_at":"2025-02-12","updated_at":"2026-08-23 18:29:56"}