{"id":"court_ctb_4118_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":4118,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"UNKNOWN","filed_date":null,"title":"B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse)","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse) | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | | |\n|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS | DEFENDANTS | | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.) | ATTORNEYS
(If Known) | | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only)
□ Debtor
□ U.S.
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin
□ Creditor
□ Other
□ Trustee | PARTY (Check One Box Only)
□ Debtor
□ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin
□ Creditor
□ Other
□ Trustee | | | |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION
(WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED)
NATURE OF SUIT
(Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property
□
11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property
□
12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference
□
13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
□
14-Recovery of money/property - other
FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
□ | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued)
□
61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support
□
68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury
□
63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan
□
64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation
(other than domestic support)
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65-Dischargeability - other | | | |\n| 21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property
FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property
□
31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h)
FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief
□
71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay
□
72-Injunctive relief – other
FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest
□
81-Subordination of claim or interest
FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment
□
91-Declaratory judgment | | | |\n| □
41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e)
FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation
□
51-Revocation of confirmation | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability
□
66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims
□
62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation,
actual fraud
□
67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny
(continued next column) | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action
□
01-Determination of removed claim or cause
Other
□
SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.
□
02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court
if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | | |\n| □ Check if this case involves a substantive issue of state law
□ Check if a jury trial is demanded in complaint | □ Check if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23
Demand \\$ | | | |\n| Other Relief Sought | | | | |\n\n#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | | | |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------|-----------------------------|--|--|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR | | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO. | | | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | | | |\n| | | RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFF | DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY
PROCEEDING NO. | | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | | | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | | | |\n| DATE | | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n# **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | x | | |\n|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|-------------------------------|--|\n| In re: | :
:
: | Chapter 11 | |\n| 1
HO WAN KWOK,
et al., | : | Case No. 22-50073 (JAM) | |\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | :
Debtors.
:
:
x | (Jointly Administered) | |\n| LUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11
TRUSTEE,
v. | :
:
:
:
Plaintiff,
:
:
: | Adv. Proceeding No. 25-[
] | |\n| LAW OFFICE OF NEIL M. SUNKIN,
----------------------------------------------------------- | :
:
:
Defendant.
:
:
x | February 14, 2025 | |\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF FRAUDULENT TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 544, 548, AND 550 AND NEW YORK DEBTOR & CREDITOR LAW SECTIONS 273, 276, AND 278**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the\n\nchapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this\n\n1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\nadversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant Law Office of Neil M. Sunkin (the \"Defendant\"), stating as follows:\n\n## **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding to avoid and recover transfers of the Debtor's property prior to the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case.\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter ego shell companies, Golden Spring (New York) Ltd (\"Golden Spring\") and Lamp Capital LLC (\"Lamp Capital,\" and together with Golden Spring, collectively, the \"Relevant Alter Egos\"), transferred funds in the aggregate amount of \\$473,617.90 prior to the Petition Date (as defined herein) to the Defendant as initial transferee.\n\n3. These transfers were actually fraudulent, because the Debtor effectuated them as part of his \"shell game,\" and they were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n# **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b).\n\n5. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(a).\n\n6. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include sections 544, 548, and 550 of the Bankruptcy Code and New York Debtor & Creditor Law sections 273, 276, and 2782 or any other applicable state law equivalents.\n\n2 All statutory references to New York Debtor and Creditor Law will hereinafter be referred to as \"N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law.\" The New York Uniform Voidable Transactions Act (\"NYUVTA\") has replaced the New York Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act (\"NYUFCA\") within the N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law, taking effect on April 4, 2020, and applying to transfers made or obligations incurred on or after that date. With respect to transfers that occurred on or after April 4, 2020, the Trustee seeks relief in this action under the NYUVTA and N.Y. Debt. &\n\n## **THE PARTIES**\n\n7. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n8. The Defendant is a California professional corporation with an address and place of business at 22908 Gershwin Drive, Woodland Hills, California 91364.\n\n## **FACTS**\n\n### **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n9. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Court\" or the \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the Chapter 11 Case.\n\n10. On March 21, 2022, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n11. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities.3 While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and/or transferred through his many alter ego shell companies, including the Relevant Alter Egos.\n\nCred. Law sections 273 and 276 (as these statutes existed at the time of the transfers), and, with respect to transfers that occurred prior to April 4, 2020, the Trustee seeks relief in this action under the NYUFCA and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 276, and 278 (as these statutes existed at the time of the transfers).\n\n3 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 [Main Case Docket No. 78].\n\n12. On June 15, 2022, the Bankruptcy Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A. Despins as the Trustee. On July 8, 2022, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n## **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n13. The Relevant Alter Egos are among the numerous alter ego shell companies used by the Debtor to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors. For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members, lieutenants, and/or subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use and spend and/or transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets—while concealing his property from creditors.\n\n14. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell companies were his alter egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several such adversary proceedings the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief.4\n\n4 Adversary proceedings in which the Trustee is seeking or has obtained such relief include, in addition to the Golden Spring A.P. and the Lamp Capital A.P.: (i) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC*, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC*, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc.*, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC*, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23- 05017]; (vi) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. ACA Capital Group Ltd.*, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 24-05249]; (vii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Bouillor Holdings Limited*, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 24-5311]; and (viii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. AA Global Ventures Limited*, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 24-05322].\n\n15. The Court has entered judgment to the effect that Golden Spring is the Debtor's alter ego and that its property, prior to the Petition Date, was property of the Debtor. (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5018 (the \"Golden Spring A.P.\"), Docket No. 35 (the \"Golden Spring Judgment\"). The Golden Spring Judgment is final and no longer subject to appeal. The Trustee refers to and incorporates herein his Complaint filed in the Golden Spring A.P. (Golden Spring A.P., Docket No. 1) and the Golden Spring Judgment.\n\n16. The Court has likewise entered judgment to the effect that Lamp Capital is the Debtor's alter ego and that its property, prior to the Petition Date, was property of the Debtor. (Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023 (the \"Lamp Capital A.P.\"), Docket No. 66 (the \"Lamp Capital Judgment\"). The Trustee refers to and incorporates herein his Complaint filed in the Lamp Capital A.P. (Lamp Capital A.P., Docket No. 1) and the Lamp Capital Judgment.\n\n17. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from other Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n# **C. Debtor's Conduct to Hinder, Delay, and/or Defraud Creditors**\n\n18. In addition to the matters addressed in the Trustee's adversary proceedings, the Bankruptcy Court has found that the Debtor was the beneficial owner of Ace Decade Limited (and through it, Dawn State Limited) and that the Debtor controlled and employed Ace Decade Limited's nominee shareholder, Yvette Wang.5\n\n5 *Order Granting Motion to Hold Debtor in Contempt of Corporate Governance Order*, para. 1, 4 (Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372 (\"Corp. Governance Contempt Order\")).\n\n19. The Bankruptcy Court has also found that the \"G Entities\" (Gettr, G Fashion, G Music, GClubs, GNews and GEdu), the New Federal State of China and the Rule of Law Foundation, as well as other purportedly independent entities and organizations, were controlled by the Debtor6 , led by the Debtor7 and/or served \"the purposes of… and as business vehicles of\" the Debtor.8\n\n20. Prior to the Petition Date, Judge Liman of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York found that Eastern Profit Corporation Limited, an entity originally owned by one of the Debtor's chauffeurs before its transfer to Debtor's daughter, was \"in essence, a shell corporation\" for the Debtor.9\n\n21. The Debtor has gone to great lengths to hinder and delay the collection efforts of one of his largest creditors, *i.e.*, Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P. (\"PAX\"). In 2017, PAX sued the Debtor in the Supreme Court of the State of New York (the \"New York Court\"), Index No. 652077/2017 (the \"PAX Case\"), seeking judgment for monies owed. On February 3, 2021, PAX obtained a judgment from the New York Court against the Debtor in the sum of \\$116,402,019.57 (the \"PAX Judgment\"). PAX sought to enforce the PAX Judgment by levying the Debtor's assets—including the Lady May, which the Debtor falsely claimed was owned by his daughter, and the Debtor's luxury apartment in Manhattan, which the Debtor falsely claimed was held in trust for the Debtor's son. The Debtor's defiance of New York Court orders in post-\n\n6 *Corrected Memorandum of Decision Granting in Part Motion for Preliminary Injunction*, para. 3 (Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032, January 13, 2023 (\"The Debtor also controls Saraca Media Group and a related entity 'GTV'\")).\n\n7 *Id*. at para 7 (\"The Debtor is the leader of The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF and Himalaya.\").\n\n8 *Id*. (\"The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF, GSeries, and Himalaya serve the purposes of the Debtor, serve as business vehicles for the Debtor, and their members are personally loyal to the Debtor.\").\n\n9 *Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC*, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\njudgment proceedings eventually resulted in the Debtor incurring contempt penalties of \\$134 million.\n\n22. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including the Relevant Alter Egos, as personal piggy-banks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries on their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos perpetuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme.\n\n23. The Debtor has testified before the Bankruptcy Court that he has insufficient assets to pay his liabilities and that his luxurious lifestyle is funded by his family through businesses nominally held by family members.10 The Debtor scheduled only \\$3,850 in assets.11\n\n24. In March 2023, the Debtor was arrested by federal authorities and held without bail. On July 16, 2024, following a trial in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, the Debtor was convicted of nine felony counts, *i.e.*, racketeering conspiracy, conspiracy to commit wire fraud and bank fraud, money laundering conspiracy, conspiracy to commit securities fraud, wire fraud in connection with the Farm Loan Program, securities fraud in connection with the Farm Loan program, wire fraud in connection with G|CLUBS, securities fraud in connection with G|CLUBS, and wire fraud in connection with the Himalaya Exchange.\n\n25. In its criminal indictment of the Debtor, the United States Government asserted that the Debtor and his co-defendants \"utilized more than approximately 500 accounts held in the\n\n10 Hearing on Debtor's Motion for Entry of Interim and Final DIP Orders (I) Authorizing the Debtor to Obtain Unsecured, Subordinated Postpetition Financing and (II) Scheduling Interim and Final Hearings, and (III) Granting Related Relief (Main Case, April 27, 2022)\n\n11 *See* n.3\n\nnames of *at least 80 different entities or individuals* to launder more than \\$1 billion in fraud proceeds.\"12\n\n26. The property of the Debtor's alter egos, including the Relevant Alter Egos, was at all times prior to the Petition Date property of the Debtor.\n\n27. At all times relevant herein, the Debtor conducted business in New York, New York, including direction of the prepetition transfers at issue in this Complaint.\n\n# **D. Transfers Made with Intent to Hinder, Delay, or Defraud Creditors**\n\n28. The Transfers at issue in this Complaint were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors inasmuch as they were all made through the Debtor's alterego shell companies operated as a part of the Debtor's shell game.\n\n29. The Debtor intentionally orchestrated his financial affairs in this manner in order to conceal and dissipate millions of dollars in assets while falsely pleading poverty to his many creditors. The Debtor claimed to be destitute while simultaneously spending heavily to maintain a billionaire lifestyle for himself and for his family members and close associates.\n\n30. The assets concealed and dissipated by the Debtor included funds that he obtained from the victims of his cryptocurrency, securities, and other fraud schemes. As a result of this conduct, the Debtor was convicted of multiple felony fraud, money laundering, and racketeering charges in a criminal case pending in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. *See United States v. Ho Wan Kwok*, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 395] (July 18, 2024 S.D.N.Y.).\n\n12 *See* Memorandum of Law of the United States of America in Opposition to Defendant Yanping Wang's Motion for Pretrial Release at 29, attached as Exhibit B in the Reply of Chapter 11 Trustee to G Club Operations LLC's Supplemental Objection to Trustee's Motion to Compel and Request for Related Relief (June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934).\n\n31. The Debtor knew and intended that by concealing and dissipating his assets in this manner there would not be sufficient assets remaining to repay his creditors—including the many victims of his frauds. These transfers were thus necessarily made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n## **E. Transfers to Defendant**\n\n32. Prior to the Petition Date, the Debtor, using his alter-ego shell companies including the Relevant Alter Egos, or otherwise, transferred the Debtor's property to the Defendant (collectively, the \"Transfers\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n33. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of the Debtor's estate.\n\n34. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfers.\n\n## **F. Stipulated Tolling Orders and Extension Orders**\n\n35. The Trustee and the Defendant have entered, and the Court has approved, a series of stipulated orders tolling any time limitations for the Trustee to commence this action, most recently through and including February 14, 2025 [Main Case Docket No. 3670].\n\n36. The Court has also entered orders extending any applicable time limitations set forth in sections 108, 546, and 549 of the Bankruptcy Code for the Trustee to commence avoidance actions through and including February 15, 2025 [Main Case Docket Nos. 2921, 3417].\n\n### **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers Pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 548(a)(1)(A) and 550(a))**\n\n37. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-36 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n38. The Transfers were made by the Debtor, including through his alter ego shell companies, Golden Spring and Lamp Capital, or otherwise, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n39. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the Transfers is shown by, among other things:\n\na. The Transfers were effectuated using alter ego shell companies;\n\nb. The Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\nf. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n40. The Transfers that occurred on or after February 15, 2020 are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to section 548(a)(1)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code and are recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n# **SECOND CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 276, and 278, and Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) and 550(a))**\n\n41. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-36 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n42. The Transfers were made by the Debtor, including through his alter ego shell companies, Golden Spring and Lamp Capital, or otherwise, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n43. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the Transfers is shown by, among other things:\n\na. The Transfers were effectuated using alter ego shell companies;\n\nb. The Transfers were concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Transfers were effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfers furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\nf. At the time of the Transfers, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n44. The Transfers that occurred prior to April 4, 2020 are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 276, and 278 (under the NYUFCA) as these statutes existed at the time of such Transfers, and section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n45. The Transfers that occurred on or after April 4, 2020 are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1) and 276 (under the NYUVTA) as these statutes existed at the time of such Transfers, and section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code, and recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. On the First Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Prepetition Transfers in an amount not less than \\$103,700.00 are avoided pursuant to section 548(a)(1)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code; (b) an order directing that the Prepetition Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Prepetition Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. On the Second Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfers in an amount not less than \\$473,617.90 are avoided pursuant to section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1) and 276 (under the NYUVTA) and, with respect to transfers prior to April 4, 2020, N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 276 and 278 (under the NYUFCA); (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; (b) an order directing that the Transfers be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfers, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law sections 276 and 278 and section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n3. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n4. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n12\n\nDated: February 14, 2025 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: */s/ Patrick R. Linsey* Douglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 dskalka@npmlaw.com plinsey@npmlaw.com *Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\n| ID # | Account Holder | Date | Amount |\n|------|-------------------------------------------------|------------|--------------------|\n| 1 | Golden Spring (New York) Ltd | 7/30/2018 | (4,582.10) |\n| 2 | Golden Spring (New York) Ltd | 7/30/2018 | (3,829.99) |\n| 3 | Golden Spring (New York) Ltd | 7/30/2018 | (520.00) |\n| 4 | Golden Spring (New York) Ltd | 8/23/2018 | (2,604.40) |\n| 5 | Golden Spring (New York) Ltd | 10/16/2018 | (21,087.80) |\n| 6 | Golden Spring (New York) Ltd | 11/2/2018 | (3,364.14) |\n| 7 | Golden Spring (New York) Ltd | 11/26/2018 | (34,333.86) |\n| 8 | Golden Spring (New York) Ltd | 1/15/2019 | (43,891.44) |\n| 9 | Golden Spring (New York) Ltd | 2/8/2019 | (20,872.52) |\n| 10 | Golden Spring (New York) Ltd | 2/25/2019 | (18,885.03) |\n| 11 | Golden Spring (New York) Ltd | 5/13/2019 | (50,814.27) |\n| 12 | Golden Spring (New York) Ltd | 5/31/2019 | (16,618.00) |\n| 13 | Golden Spring (New York) Ltd | 6/27/2019 | (8,359.35) |\n| 14 | Golden Spring (New York) Ltd | 8/14/2019 | (5,121.84) |\n| 15 | Golden Spring (New York) Ltd | 9/6/2019 | (13,007.60) |\n| 16 | Golden Spring (New York) Ltd | 10/16/2019 | (26,007.01) |\n| 17 | Golden Spring (New York) Ltd | 11/20/2019 | (29,584.73) |\n| 18 | Golden Spring (New York) Ltd | 1/27/2020 | (11,355.00) |\n| 19 | Golden Spring (New York) Ltd | 1/28/2020 | (55,078.82) |\n| 20 | Lamp Capital LLC | 12/11/2020 | (103,700.00) |\n| | Total - Payments to Law Office of Neil M Sunkin | | \\$
(473,617.90) |\n\n# **SCHEDULE A**","body_zh":"B1040（表格1040）（12/15）\n\n对抗程序封面页\n（背面附说明） 对抗程序编号\n（仅供法院使用）\n\n原告 被告\n律师（律师事务所名称、地址和电话号码） 律师\n（如已知）\n当事人（仅选一框）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国受托人/破产管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他\n□ 受托人 当事人（仅选一框）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国受托人/破产管理人\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他\n□ 受托人\n\n诉因\n（简要说明诉因，包括所涉全部美国法条）\n\n诉讼性质\n（最多勾选五（5）框，从主要诉因作为第1项、第一替代诉因作为第2项、第二替代诉因作为第3项，依此类推。）\n\nFRBP 7001(1) – 追收金钱/财产\n□\n11-追收金钱/财产 - §542 财产交付\n□\n12-追收金钱/财产 - §547 优先清偿\n□\n13-追收金钱/财产 - §548 欺诈性转让\n□\n14-追收金钱/财产 - 其他\n\nFRBP 7001(2) – 留置权的有效性、优先顺位或范围\n□\n21-留置权或其他财产权益的有效性、优先顺位或范围\n\nFRBP 7001(3) – 批准出售财产\n□\n31-批准出售破产财团财产及共有人的财产 - §363(h)\n\nFRBP 7001(4) – 对免责提出异议/撤销免责\n□\n41-对免责提出异议/撤销免责 - §727(c),(d),(e)\n\nFRBP 7001(5) – 撤销确认\n□\n51-撤销确认\n\nFRBP 7001(6) – 可免除性\n□\n66-可免除性 - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税收债权\n□\n62-可免除性 - §523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述、实际欺诈\n□\n67-可免除性 - §523(a)(4)，受托人欺诈、侵占、盗窃\n\nFRBP 7001(6) – 可免除性（续）\n□\n61-可免除性 - §523(a)(5)，家庭扶养\n□\n68-可免除性 - §523(a)(6)，故意且恶意的损害\n□\n63-可免除性 - §523(a)(8)，学生贷款\n□\n64-可免除性 - §523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务\n（家庭扶养义务除外）\n□\n65-可免除性 - 其他\n\nFRBP 7001(7) – 禁令救济\n□\n71-禁令救济 – 施加中止\n□\n72-禁令救济 – 其他\n\nFRBP 7001(8) 债权或权益劣后\n□\n81-债权或权益劣后\n\nFRBP 7001(9) 确认判决\n□\n91-确认判决\n\nFRBP 7001(10) 对移送诉讼的裁定\n□\n01-对移送债权或诉因的裁定\n\n其他\n□\nSS-SIPA案件 – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\n□\n02-其他（例如，如与破产案件无关本应在州法院提起的其他诉讼）\n□ 如本案涉及实质性州法问题，请勾选\n□ 如起诉状请求陪审团审判，请勾选 □ 如主张本案为FRCP 23项下的集体诉讼，请勾选\n\n请求金额 \\$\n请求的其他救济\n\nB1040（表格1040）（12/15）\n\n本对抗程序所源自的破产案件\n\n债务人姓名 破产案件编号\n案件审理地区 分院 法官姓名\n\n相关对抗程序（如有）\n原告 被告 对抗程序编号\n对抗程序审理地区 分院 法官姓名\n\n律师（或原告）签名\n日期 律师（或原告）正楷姓名\n\n说明\n\n提交破产案件会在破产法院管辖范围内设立一个“财团”，该财团由债务人的所有财产构成，无论该等财产位于何处。由于破产财团范围广泛且法院管辖权十分宽泛，可能会就财团的财产或财产权利发生诉讼。也可能会发生与债务人免责有关的诉讼。若该等诉讼在破产法院提起，则称为对抗程序。\n\n提交对抗程序的一方还必须填写并提交表格1040，即《对抗程序封面页》，除非该方通过法院的案件管理/电子案件提交系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提交对抗程序。（CM/ECF在提交过程中采集表格1040中的信息。）填妥后，该封面页概述对抗程序的基本信息。法院书记官需要该等信息以处理对抗程序，并编制所需的法院活动统计报告。\n\n该封面页及其所载信息并不取代或补充法律、《破产规则》或法院地方法规所要求的诉状或其他文件的提交和送达。该封面页大体上不言自明，必须由原告律师填写（如原告未由律师代理，则由原告填写）。每提交一份起诉状，必须向书记官另行提交一份封面页。\n\n原告和被告。请按照起诉状中所载的原告和被告姓名准确填写。\n\n律师。如已知，请填写律师的姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。请在第一栏中为原告勾选最适当的选框，并在第二栏中为被告勾选最适当的选框。\n\n请求金额。填写起诉状中所请求的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面页必须由登记在案的律师在表格第二页的方框内签署。如原告由律师事务所代理，必须由该律师事务所的一名成员签署。如原告自行诉讼，即未由律师代理，则必须由原告签署。\n\n美国康涅狄格联邦破产法院（United States Bankruptcy Court District of Connecticut）布里奇波特分院（Bridgeport Division）\n\n----------------------------------------------------------- x\n\n关于： :\n:\n: 第11章\n\nHO WAN KWOK（郭文贵），\n等， : 案号：22-50073 (JAM)\n\n债务人。\n:\n:\nx （合并管理）\nLUC A. DESPINS（卢克·A·德斯平斯），第11章\n受托人，\n诉 :\n:\n:\n:\n原告，\n:\n:\n: 对抗程序案号：25-[\n]\nLAW OFFICE OF NEIL M. SUNKIN（Neil M. Sunkin律师事务所），\n\n被告。\n:\n:\nx 2025年2月14日\n\n第11章受托人依据《破产法典》第544、548及550条以及《纽约债务人与债权人法》第273、276及278条寻求撤销及追收欺诈性转让和相关救济的起诉状\n\nLuc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）以其作为获任命管理Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（“债务人”或“Kwok”）第11章案件（“第11章案件”）的第11章受托人（“受托人”）的身份，就下列事项对被告Law Office of Neil M. Sunkin（Neil M. Sunkin律师事务所）（“被告”）提起本对抗性起诉状（“起诉状”）：\n\n1 本第11章案件中的债务人为Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（亦称Guo Wengui、Miles Guo及Miles Kwok，以及众多其他别名）（税务识别号码后四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（Genever Holdings有限责任公司）（税务识别号码后四位：8202）及Genever Holdings Corporation（Genever Holdings公司）。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC及Genever Holdings Corporation的邮寄地址为Paul Hastings LLP（保罗·黑斯廷斯律师事务所），200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166，转交Luc A. Despins，作为Ho Wan Kwok财团受托人（仅用于通知和通信）。\n\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人提起本对抗程序，以撤销并追收在本第11章案件开始前发生的债务人财产转让。\n\n2. 债务人通过其另我空壳公司Golden Spring (New York) Ltd（Golden Spring（纽约）有限公司）（“Golden Spring”）和Lamp Capital LLC（Lamp Capital有限责任公司）（“Lamp Capital”，连同Golden Spring，统称“相关另我实体”），在申请日（定义见下文）前向被告作为初始受让人转移合计\\$473,617.90的资金。\n\n3. 这些转让构成实际欺诈性转让，因为债务人将其作为其“空壳游戏”的一部分实施，且该等转让具有阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人债权人的意图。\n\n管辖权和审判地\n\n4. 本院依据28 U.S.C. § 1334(b)对本对抗程序具有事项管辖权。\n\n5. 本对抗程序已依据28 U.S.C. § 157(a)移交本院审理。\n\n6. 本案所请求救济的法定依据包括《破产法典》第544、548及550条以及《纽约债务人与债权人法》第273、276及278条2，或任何其他适用的州法同等规定。\n\n2 此后所有对《纽约债务人与债权人法》的法条引用均称为“N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law.”。《纽约统一可撤销交易法》（“NYUVTA”）已取代N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law.中的《纽约统一欺诈性让与法》（“NYUFCA”），并于2020年4月4日生效，适用于在该日期当日或之后作出的转让或承担的义务。对于2020年4月4日当日或之后发生的转让，受托人在本案中依据NYUVTA及N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law.第273及276条（该等法条在转让发生时的规定）寻求救济；对于2020年4月4日之前发生的转让，受托人在本案中依据NYUFCA及N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law.第276及278条（该等法条在转让发生时的规定）寻求救济。\n\n当事人\n\n7. 受托人依据破产法院于2022年7月8日作出的命令，在第11章案件中担任第11章受托人[案号22-50073（“主案件”）卷宗编号523]。\n\n8. 被告是一家加利福尼亚州专业公司，其地址及营业地点为22908 Gershwin Drive, Woodland Hills, California 91364。\n\n事实\n\nA. 第11章案件\n\n9. 债务人于2022年2月15日在美国康涅狄格联邦破产法院（United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut）（“法院”或“破产法院”）自愿提交依据《破产法典》第11章寻求救济的申请（“申请日”），从而启动第11章案件。\n\n10. 2022年3月21日，美国受托人办公室在本第11章案件中任命了无担保债权人正式委员会。尚未任命审查员。\n\n11. 债务人于2022年3月向破产法院提交的破产财产清单声称，其拥有\\$3,850的资产，并产生数亿美元的负债。3 虽然债务人的确负债累累，但其财产清单未披露由其众多另我空壳公司（包括相关另我实体）持有和/或转移的债务人财产。\n\n3 《资产和负债清单》，第1页[主案件卷宗编号78]。\n\n12. 2022年6月15日，破产法院作出决定备忘录和命令[主案件卷宗编号465]，指示美国受托人在第11章案件中任命一名第11章受托人。根据该命令，美国受托人选定Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）担任受托人。2022年7月8日，破产法院作出命令，批准任命Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯平斯）担任第11章案件的受托人[主案件卷宗编号523]。\n\nB. 债务人使用空壳公司及受托人的对抗程序\n\n13. 相关另我实体是债务人用于阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的众多另我空壳公司之一。多年来，债务人策划了一场“空壳游戏”，利用由其家庭成员、亲信和/或下属名义持有、但实际上由债务人控制的错综复杂的空壳公司网络。该空壳游戏使债务人得以使用、支出和/或转移数百万美元现金及其他资产——同时向债权人隐匿其财产。\n\n14. 自获任命以来，受托人已在第11章案件中提起多项对抗程序，以实现包括确立债务人的空壳公司系其另我实体和/或该等公司及其资产在衡平法上由债务人所有在内的目的；且在其中若干对抗程序中，破产法院已授予该等救济。4\n\n4 除Golden Spring A.P.和Lamp Capital A.P.外，受托人正在寻求或已获得该等救济的对抗程序包括：(i) Luc A. Despins（吕克·A·德斯平斯），Chapter 11 Trustee（第11章受托人）v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC（香港国际基金投资（美国）有限公司）, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC（格林威治土地有限责任公司）, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo（郭美）[Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc.（HCHK科技公司）, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC（金牛基金有限责任公司）, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23- 05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee v. ACA Capital Group Ltd.（ACA资本集团有限公司）, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 24-05249]；(vii) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee v. Bouillor Holdings Limited（Bouillor控股有限公司）, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 24-5311]；以及(viii) Luc A. Despins，Chapter 11 Trustee v. AA Global Ventures Limited（AA全球创投有限公司）, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 24-05322]。\n\n15. 法院已作出判决，认定Golden Spring系债务人的另我，且其在申请日之前的财产属于债务人财产。(Adv. Proc. No. 23-5018（“Golden Spring A.P.”）, Docket No. 35（“Golden Spring Judgment”）。Golden Spring Judgment已终局，且不再可上诉。受托人援引并通过引用纳入其在Golden Spring A.P.中提交的起诉书（Golden Spring A.P., Docket No. 1）及Golden Spring Judgment。\n\n16. 法院同样已作出判决，认定Lamp Capital系债务人的另我，且其在申请日之前的财产属于债务人财产。(Adv. Proc. No. 23-5023（“Lamp Capital A.P.”）, Docket No. 66（“Lamp Capital Judgment”）。受托人援引并通过引用纳入其在Lamp Capital A.P.中提交的起诉书（Lamp Capital A.P., Docket No. 1）及Lamp Capital Judgment。\n\n17. 这些诉讼中的事实模式一贯涉及：(i) 由近亲和／或下属持有的、由债务人控制的空壳公司；(ii) 以来自其他债务人控制实体的现金购置的资产和／或无对价转让至空壳实体以及在空壳实体之间转让的资产；以及(iii) 债务人从该等资产中受益，并对其拥有控制权及支配权。\n\nC. 债务人为阻碍、拖延和／或欺诈债权人所实施的行为\n\n18. 除受托人对抗程序所涉及的事项外，Bankruptcy Court（破产法院）认定，债务人是Ace Decade Limited（Ace Decade有限公司）（并通过该公司成为Dawn State Limited（Dawn State有限公司））的受益所有人，且债务人控制并利用了Ace Decade Limited的名义股东Yvette Wang（王月）。5\n\n5 Order Granting Motion to Hold Debtor in Contempt of Corporate Governance Order, para. 1, 4 (Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372 (\"Corp. Governance Contempt Order\")).\n\n19. 破产法院还认定，“G Entities”（Gettr、G Fashion、G Music、GClubs、GNews和GEdu）、New Federal State of China（新中国联邦）及Rule of Law Foundation（法治基金会），以及其他据称独立的实体和组织，均受债务人控制6、由债务人领导7，和／或为债务人“服务于……的目的，并作为其商业载体”。8\n\n20. 在申请日之前，United States District Court for the Southern District of New York（纽约南区美国联邦地区法院）的Liman法官认定，Eastern Profit Corporation Limited（东方利润有限公司）——该实体最初由债务人的一名司机所有，后转让给债务人的女儿——实质上是债务人的“一家空壳公司”。9\n\n21. 债务人为阻碍和拖延其最大债权人之一Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P.（太平洋联盟亚洲机会基金有限合伙企业）（“PAX”）的追偿工作，采取了种种措施。2017年，PAX在Supreme Court of the State of New York（纽约州最高法院）（“New York Court”）提起针对债务人的诉讼，案卷号为Index No. 652077/2017（“PAX Case”），请求就所欠款项作出判决。2021年2月3日，PAX从纽约州法院取得针对债务人的\\$116,402,019.57判决（“PAX Judgment”）。PAX试图通过查封债务人的资产来执行PAX Judgment——包括Lady May号游艇，债务人虚假声称该游艇由其女儿所有；以及债务人在曼哈顿的豪华公寓，债务人虚假声称该公寓为债务人的儿子以信托方式持有。债务人在判决后程序中对纽约州法院命令的抗拒，最终导致其被处以\\$134 million的藐视法庭罚款。\n\n22. 债务人还将其另我，包括相关另我，作为个人钱袋使用，一方面为其本人及家人已习惯的奢靡生活提供资金，另一方面将资产隐匿于这些另我中以躲避债权人，并阻碍和拖延债权人就其债权获得清偿。债务人通过这些另我实施的转让延续了债务人的欺诈计划。\n\n23. 债务人已在破产法院作证称，其资产不足以清偿其负债，且其奢华生活方式由其家人通过名义上由家庭成员持有的企业提供资金。10 债务人仅在财产清单中列报\\$3,850的资产。11\n\n24. 2023年3月，债务人被联邦当局逮捕并被无保释羁押。2024年7月16日，在纽约南区美国联邦地区法院审判后，债务人被判九项重罪罪名成立，即敲诈勒索共谋、电信欺诈及银行欺诈共谋、洗钱共谋、证券欺诈共谋、与Farm Loan Program有关的电信欺诈、与Farm Loan program有关的证券欺诈、与G|CLUBS有关的电信欺诈、与G|CLUBS有关的证券欺诈，以及与Himalaya Exchange有关的电信欺诈。\n\n25. 美国政府在对债务人的刑事起诉书中主张，债务人及其共同被告“利用以至少80个不同实体或个人名义持有的约500多个账户，清洗逾\\$1 billion的欺诈所得。”12\n\n26. 债务人另我的财产，包括相关另我的财产，在申请日之前任何时候均为债务人的财产。\n\n27. 在与本案相关的所有期间内，债务人在New York, New York（纽约州纽约市）从事经营活动，包括指示本起诉书所涉申请日前转让。\n\nD. 以阻碍、拖延或欺诈债权人为意图作出的转让\n\n28. 本起诉书所涉转让系以阻碍、拖延和／或欺诈债务人债权人为意图作出，因为该等转让均通过债务人的另我空壳公司作出，而该等空壳公司作为债务人空壳骗局的一部分运营。\n\n29. 债务人故意以此方式安排其财务事务，以便在向其众多债权人虚假声称贫困的同时，隐匿和挥霍数百万美元资产。债务人声称自己一贫如洗，却同时大肆挥霍，为其本人、家人及密切关联人士维持亿万富翁生活方式。\n\n30. 债务人隐匿和挥霍的资产包括其从加密货币、证券及其他欺诈计划的受害人处取得的资金。由于该等行为，债务人在纽约南区美国联邦地区法院待决的一宗刑事案件中，被判多项重罪欺诈、洗钱及敲诈勒索罪名成立。见United States v. Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 395] (July 18, 2024 S.D.N.Y.)。\n\n31. 债务人明知并意图通过以此方式隐匿和挥霍其资产，将不会留有足够资产偿还其债权人——包括其众多欺诈行为的受害人。因此，该等转让必然是以阻碍、拖延和／或欺诈债务人债权人为意图作出。\n\nE. 向被告作出的转让\n\n32. 在申请日之前，债务人通过其另我空壳公司，包括相关另我，或以其他方式，向被告转让债务人的财产（合称“Transfers”），包括但不限于如下：\n\n见随附并构成本文件一部分的SCHEDULE A。\n\n33. 在Transfers发生时，债务人对其破产财产债权人负有未清偿债务。\n\n34. 被告是Transfers的初始受让人。\n\nF. 约定时效中止命令及延期命令\n\n35. 受托人与被告已达成一系列约定命令，且法院已予批准，该等命令中止受托人提起本诉讼的任何期限限制，最近一次中止至并包括2025年2月14日[Main Case Docket No. 3670]。\n\n36. 法院还作出命令，将《破产法典》sections 108、546及549规定的、受托人提起撤销诉讼的任何适用期限延长至并包括2025年2月15日[Main Case Docket Nos. 2921, 3417]。\n\n第一项请求\n\n（根据《破产法典》sections 548(a)(1)(A)及550(a)撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让的请求）\n\n37. 受托人重申并再次主张第1至36段所载指称，如同在此完整载明。\n\n38. Transfers由债务人作出，包括通过其另我空壳公司Golden Spring及Lamp Capital，或以其他方式作出，且具有阻碍、拖延和／或欺诈其债权人的实际意图。\n\n39. 债务人在实施Transfers时阻碍、拖延和／或欺诈其债权人的意图，体现在以下事项中：\n\na. Transfers系利用另我空壳公司实施；\n\nb. Transfers被对债务人的债权人隐瞒；\n\nc. Transfers作为债务人“空壳骗局”的一部分实施，并在债务人的家人及其控制的其他得力助手和下属协助下实施，以隐匿和保护资产；\n\nd. Transfers使债务人能够从其欺诈行为中获利，而不使其财产受其债权人追索，从而进一步促成债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 在Transfers发生时，债务人正被起诉，包括PAX在PAX Case中对其提起的诉讼；以及\n\nf. 在Transfers发生时，债务人无清偿能力或资本不足。\n\n40. 于2020年2月15日或之后发生的Transfers，可由受托人根据《破产法典》section 548(a)(1)(A)予以撤销，并可根据《破产法典》section 550(a)予以追回。\n\n第二项请求\n\n（根据N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1)、276及278，以及《破产法典》sections 544(b)及550(a)撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让的请求）\n\n41. 受托人重述并再次主张第1-36段所载指称，如同在此完整列明。\n\n42. 该等转移由债务人作出，包括通过其另我空壳公司 Golden Spring（Golden Spring）和 Lamp Capital（Lamp Capital），或以其他方式作出，且具有阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的实际意图。\n\n43. 债务人在实施该等转移时阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图，除其他事项外，可由以下事实证明：\n\na. 该等转移系使用另我空壳公司实施；\n\nb. 该等转移对债务人的债权人予以隐瞒；\n\nc. 该等转移系作为债务人“空壳游戏”的一部分实施，并借助债务人的家庭成员及其控制的其他亲信和下属，以试图隐瞒和保护资产；\n\nd. 该等转移通过使债务人能够从其欺诈行为中获利，同时不使其财产落入其债权人的追索范围，进一步促成了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 在该等转移发生时，债务人正面临诉讼，包括 PAX（PAX）在 PAX 案件中提起的诉讼；以及\n\nf. 在该等转移发生时，债务人已资不抵债或资本不足。\n\n44. 于 April 4, 2020 之前发生的该等转移，可由受托人依据在该等转移发生时有效的 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 276, and 278（根据 NYUFCA）以及 Bankruptcy Code section 544(b) 予以撤销，并可依据 Bankruptcy Code section 550(a) 予以追回。\n\n45. 于 April 4, 2020 当日或之后发生的该等转移，可由受托人依据在该等转移发生时有效的 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1) and 276（根据 NYUVTA）以及 Bankruptcy Code section 544(b) 予以撤销，并可依据 Bankruptcy Code section 550(a) 予以追回。\n\n救济请求\n\n鉴于上述理由，受托人谨请求作出如下判决：\n\n1. 就第一项请求，(a) 作出命令，宣告金额不少于 \\$103,700.00 的破产申请前转移依据 Bankruptcy Code section 548(a)(1)(A) 予以撤销；(b) 作出命令，指令撤销该等破产申请前转移；以及 (c) 依据 Bankruptcy Code section 550(a)(1)，为债务人财产之利益，向被告追回该等破产申请前转移，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n2. 就第二项请求，(a) 作出命令，宣告金额不少于 \\$473,617.90 的该等转移依据 Bankruptcy Code section 544(b) 及 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1) and 276（根据 NYUVTA）予以撤销，并且，就 April 4, 2020 之前的转移而言，依据 N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 276 and 278（根据 NYUFCA）予以撤销；(b) 作出命令，指令撤销该等转移；(b) 作出命令，指令撤销该等转移；以及 (c) 依据 N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law sections 276 and 278 及 Bankruptcy Code section 550(a)(1)，为债务人财产之利益，向被告追回该等转移，或由受托人选择追回其价值；\n\n3. 自提交本起诉状之日起至本案判决之日止，按最高法定利率向受托人裁定判决前利息；以及\n\n4. 法院认为在此情形下公正、适当或衡平的其他及进一步救济。\n\n日期：February 14, 2025 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS（LUC A. DESPINS），CHAPTER 11 受托人\n\n签署人：/s/ Patrick R. Linsey\nDouglas S. Skalka（Douglas S. Skalka）(ct00616)\nPatrick R. Linsey（Patrick R. Linsey）(ct29437)\nNEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.（NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.）\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor\nNew Haven, Connecticut 06510\n(203) 781-2847\ndskalka@npmlaw.com\nplinsey@npmlaw.com\nCHAPTER 11 受托人代理律师\n\n编号 账户持有人 日期 金额\n\n1 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd（Golden Spring (New York) Ltd） 7/30/2018 (4,582.10)\n\n2 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd 7/30/2018 (3,829.99)\n\n3 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd 7/30/2018 (520.00)\n\n4 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd 8/23/2018 (2,604.40)\n\n5 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd 10/16/2018 (21,087.80)\n\n6 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd 11/2/2018 (3,364.14)\n\n7 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd 11/26/2018 (34,333.86)\n\n8 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd 1/15/2019 (43,891.44)\n\n9 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd 2/8/2019 (20,872.52)\n\n10 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd 2/25/2019 (18,885.03)\n\n11 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd 5/13/2019 (50,814.27)\n\n12 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd 5/31/2019 (16,618.00)\n\n13 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd 6/27/2019 (8,359.35)\n\n14 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd 8/14/2019 (5,121.84)\n\n15 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd 9/6/2019 (13,007.60)\n\n16 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd 10/16/2019 (26,007.01)\n\n17 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd 11/20/2019 (29,584.73)\n\n18 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd 1/27/2020 (11,355.00)\n\n19 Golden Spring (New York) Ltd 1/28/2020 (55,078.82)\n\n20 Lamp Capital LLC（Lamp Capital LLC） 12/11/2020 (103,700.00)\n\n合计－支付给 Law Office of Neil M Sunkin（Law Office of Neil M Sunkin）的款项 \\$\n(473,617.90)\n\n附表 A","key_entities":["Despins","Kwok","Je","Ho Wan Kwok","Guo","Himalaya","Farm Loan","Miles Guo","Yanping Wang","HCHK","GTV","Saraca","Himalaya Exchange","GETTR","Paul Hastings","Pro Se","pro se"],"ecf_references":[{"doc_number":395,"court":"CTB"}],"word_count":4756,"status":"published","published_at":null,"created_at":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-23 19:12:03"}