{"id":"court_ctb_643_0","court":"CTB","case_no":"22-50073","doc_number":643,"sub_number":0,"doc_type":"ORDER","filed_date":null,"title":"UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION In re : Chapter 11","summary_zh":null,"summary_en":null,"body_en":"## **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\nIn re : Chapter 11\n\nHO WAN KWOK, : Case No. 22-50073 (JAM)\n\n : Debtor. : \\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_:\n\n\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_ :\n\n:\n\n## **DEBTOR'S RESPONSE TO MOTION OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE FOR ENTRY OF ORDER, PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 363, 541, 1108, AND 105, (A) CONFIRMING THAT CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE HOLDS ALL OF DEBTOR'S ECONOMIC AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE RIGHTS IN DEBTOR-CONTROLLED ENTITIES, (B) AUTHORIZING CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE TO ACT IN ANY FOREIGN COUNTRY ON BEHALF OF ESTATE, AND (C) GRANTING RELATED RELIEF**\n\nThe debtor, Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\"), by and through his undersigned counsel, Zeisler & Zeisler, P.C., for his response to the Motion Of Chapter 11 Trustee For Entry Of Order, Pursuant To Bankruptcy Code Sections 363, 541, 1108, And 105, (A) Confirming That Chapter 11 Trustee Holds All Of Debtor's Economic Rights In Debtor-Controlled Entities, (B) Authorizing Chapter 11 Trustee To Act In Any Foreign Country On Behalf Of The Estate, And (C) Granting Related Relief (the \"Motion\"), states as follows:\n\n1. On February 15, 2022, the Debtor filed his voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code, thereby commencing the above-captioned bankruptcy case.\n\n2. On June 15, 2022, this Court issued a Memorandum of Decision, *inter alia*, granting PAX's Motion to Dismiss or, in the alternative, Partial Joinder to the UST's Motion for the Appointment of a Chapter 11 Trustee (Doc. No. 183) to the extent that it sought the appointment of a Chapter 11 trustee. (Doc. No. 465.)\n\n3. On July 7, 2022, the UST filed a notice appointing Luc A. Despins (the \"Trustee\")\n\nas Chapter 11 trustee (Doc. No. 514), and an Application for Order Approving Appointment of Chapter 11 Trustee (Doc. No. 515) seeking the Court's approval of the appointment of the Trustee.\n\n4. On July 8, 2022, the Court entered its Order Granting Appointment Of Chapter 11 Trustee (Doc. No. 523), granting the appointment of the Trustee as Chapter 11 trustee in the case.\n\n5. The Debtor is not seeking to interfere with the Trustee's *legitimate* rights to identify and recover property of the estate. However, by the Motion, the Trustee seeks extremely broad relief with respect to, with one exception, unnamed entities. The Trustee seeks that relief on very short notice to the Debtor and on no notice to entities that may have rights with respect to the relief sought. Additionally, the Trustee fails to state the authority that entitles him to the relief sought.\n\n6. The order sought by the Trustee provides that:\n\nthe Trustee holds all of the Debtor's economic and governance rights, for the benefit of the Estate, with respect to all Debtor-Controlled Entities, including, without limitation, Genever (BVI). For the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing rights include the Trustee's authority to replace any existing officer, director, manager, or similar person of the Debtor-Controlled Entities. As part of the foregoing, to the extent necessary, the Trustee is authorized to act, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee in this Chapter 11 Case, as any such officer, director, manager, or similar person who has been removed.\n\nProposed Order ¶ 2. This is not a correct statement of the law and there is no legal authority—\n\nstatutory or judicial—for this Court to enter the Trustee's proposed order.\n\n7. To be clear, the Debtor does not dispute that the Trustee holds all of the Debtor's\n\n*economic rights*, in accordance with the Bankruptcy Code and as consistent with applicable non-\n\nbankruptcy law.\n\n8. Other than Genever Holding Corporation (BVI) (\"Genever BVI\"), the identities of the so-called \"Debtor-Controlled Entities\" that the Trustee is seeking relief with respect to are not specified in the Motion.\n\n9. With respect to *governance rights*, as the cases cited by the Trustee in the Motion\n\nmake clear, the governance rights that a trustee succeeds to is jurisdiction-specific and entityspecific. For example, in certain jurisdictions and depending on, *inter alia*, the operating agreement, a trustee of a debtor/member in a limited liability company does not obtain governance rights. Without identifying the specific Debtor-Controlled Entities and analyzing applicable nonbankruptcy law and any governing documents to evaluate the particular governance rights that the Trustee appropriately assumes versus those that he cannot, the Trustee seeks sweeping relief in a vacuum. As to any particular entity, such authority may not be justified. And the Trustee also seeks to be granted such unrestricted corporate authority with respect to entities that have not been put on notice and have not been granted a full and fair opportunity to be heard.\n\n10. With respect to Genever (BVI), the Trustee makes no reference to the applicable law of the British Virgin Islands or the organization documents of Genever (BVI) to support the governance rights he seeks to assume, so there is no way to know whether the corporate authority sought by the Trustee with respect to Genever (BVI)—absolute and without limitation--is consistent with either.\n\n11. Moreover, the very factual premise upon which the Trustee relies to claim corporate authority over Genever (BVI) is materially incomplete. In paragraph 14 of the Motion, the Trustee states that \"[i]t is undisputed that the Debtor owns all of the equity in Genever (BVI).\" As authority for that statement, the Trustee cites in footnote 4 of the Motion the Debtor's Global Notes and Statements of Limitations, Methodology, and Disclaimers Regarding the Debtor's Schedules of Assets and Liabilities and Statements of Financial Affairs at 4 (Doc. No. 77, the \"Global Notes\"), and the Trustee states: \"The Debtor has asserted that he holds the equity in Genever (BVI) in trust for Bravo Luck Limited, the equity of which is owned by the Debtor's son. The Trustee is investigating to what extent this assertion is accurate.\" The full Global Note provides:\n\nThe Debtor also has access to an apartment located at the Sherry-Netherlands Hotel, 781 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10022 (the \"Apartment\"). The cooperative shares in the Apartment are held by Genever Holdings LLC (the \"US SPV\"). The membership interests in the US SPV are held by Genever Holdings Corporation (the \"BVI Company\"). The Debtor holds all of the equity of the BVI Company; however, pursuant to a Declaration of Trust and Agreement, dated as of February 17, 2015 (the \"Trust Date\"), the Debtor holds such equity in trust for Bravo Luck Limited (the \"Apartment Owner\"). The Debtor's son owns the equity of the Apartment Owner. On or about the Trust Date, the Apartment Owner funded the US SPV with the purchase price for the Apartment. These funds came from entities owned or controlled by the Debtor's son and not from the Debtor.\n\nThe US SPV commenced its own chapter 11 case before the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York on October 12, 2020 (Case No. 20-12411 (JLG)). The US SPV's disclosure statement with respect to its reorganization plan states that the US SPV \"sought Chapter 11 relief . . . in the face of multiple court disputes relating primarily to the beneficial ownership of the Residence as between Bravo Luck Limited . . . and [Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund LP (\"PAX\")].\" [Docket No. 165]. In litigation seeking to determine the ownership of the Apartment, the Apartment Owner contends that it is the beneficial owner of the Apartment. The ultimate ownership of the Apartment will be resolved outside of the US SPV's chapter 11 case. Before the BVI courts, PAX has sought the turnover of the US SPV's membership interests based upon its judgment (which remains under appeal) against the Debtor.\n\nThe Apartment is currently marketed for sale by Sotheby's International Realty under the authority of Melanie L. Cyganowski, Esq., the US SPV's sales officer. For these reasons, the Debtor does not report the value of the Apartment as an asset.\n\nThus, it is disputed whether the Debtor *owns* all of the equity in Genever (BVI). That dispute has been an issue in Genever Holdings LLC's Chapter 11 case pending before Judge Garrity in the Southern District of New York, and pursuant to an order entered by Judge Garrity, it is contemplated that that dispute will be resolved in litigation in the BVI. *See* Order Granting Debtor's Second Renewed Motion To Approve The Revised Settlement Agreement, Doc. No. 165-1, Case No. 20-12411 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. Jan 7, 2022). The party asserting that it is the owner of the equity in Genever (BVI), Bravo\n\nLuck Limited, has not been put on notice of the relief sought by the Trustee in the Motion.\n\n12. The order sought by the Trustee broadly provides that \"to the extent the Trustee's exercise of economic and governance rights with respect to the Debtor-Controlled Entities is deemed to be outside the ordinary course of business, such exercise is hereby approved, as there is sound business justification for the exercise of such rights, including because the Trustee holds all of the Debtor's economic and governance rights with respect to such entities for the benefit of the Estate.\" Proposed Order ¶ 2. Such blanket approval of unspecified action by the Trustee should not be authorized. The Trustee's requested sweeping authorization of out of the ordinary course action deprives the Debtor and all other parties-in-interest of a full and fair opportunity to analyze and be heard concerning contemplated actions by the Trustee. If the Trustee seeks to take action out of the ordinary course of business, then he should be required to seek the Court's authority to do so after notice and a hearing, as required by Bankruptcy Code section 363.\n\n13. With respect to the Trustee's request to serve as a \"foreign representative,\" the order sought by the Trustee provides that the:\n\nTrustee is hereby authorized to act, as the Debtor's foreign representative, in any foreign country on behalf of the Estate in any way permitted by applicable foreign law for the purpose of (a) investigating, collecting, and recovering assets of the Debtor located in foreign countries, including relief in foreign courts in furtherance thereof, as necessary or appropriate, (b) exercising control over the Debtor-Controlled Entities, including seeking relief in foreign courts in furtherance thereof, as necessary or appropriate, and (c) requesting and obtaining corporate documents from appropriate foreign corporate registries (or similar entities) holding such documents with respect to the Debtor-Controlled Entities. Without limiting the foregoing, the Trustee is authorized, pursuant to section 1505 of the Bankruptcy Court, to request and obtain the corporate documents related to Genever (BVI) from the appropriate British Virgin Island (\"BVI\") entity holding such corporate documents.\n\nProposed Order ¶ 4. The Debtor has no objection to the Court authorizing the Trustee to act in foreign countries *on behalf of the estate* in any way permitted by the relevant applicable foreign law, as provided in Bankruptcy Code section 1505. The Debtor does object to the Trustee being authorized to act as *his foreign representative*, that is not what the statute provides. For the reasons stated above, the Debtor objects to the Trustee exercising control over the Debtor-Controlled Entities, but only to the extent that such exercise would conflict with applicable non-bankruptcy law or relevant governing documents.\n\n14. The order sought by the Trustee provides that \"the Court respectfully requests the assistance of the foreign courts, including the assistance of the BVI courts regarding any request of the Trustee for relief (including on an emergency basis) with respect to the Trustee's exercise of corporate control over Genever (BVI).\" Proposed Order ¶ 6. The Debtor would not tell this Court what it should or should not communicate to a foreign court, as that is of course completely within this Court's discretion. But this provision appears to be very open-ended and indefinite, and it appears to grant the Trustee the imprimatur of the Court with respect to \"any request of the Trustee for relief\" that the Trustee might make to a foreign court, even if the Court has no knowledge of any such request.\n\n**WHEREFORE,** the Debtor respectfully requests that the Court deny the Motion consistent with this response and grant him such other and further relief as justice requires.\n\nDated at Bridgeport, Connecticut on this 29th day of July, 2022.\n\n## **THE DEBTOR, HO WAN KWOK**\n\n*/s/ Eric Henzy*  Eric Henzy (ct12849) Stephen M. Kindseth (ct14640) Aaron A. Romney (ct28144) James M. Moriarty John L. Cesaroni (ct29309) 10 Middle Street, 15th Floor Bridgeport, Connecticut 06604 Telephone: (203) 368-4234\n\nFacsimile: (203) 368-5487 Email: [ehenzy@zeislaw.com](mailto:ehenzy@zeislaw.com) [skindseth@zeislaw.com](mailto:skindseth@zeislaw.com) [aromney@zeislaw.com](mailto:aromney@zeislaw.com) [Jmoriarty@zeislaw.com](mailto:Jmoriarty@zeislaw.com) [jcesaroni@zeislaw.com](mailto:jcesaroni@zeislaw.com)\n\n## **CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE**\n\nI hereby certify that on this 29th day of July, 2022, a copy of foregoing was filed electronically. Notice of this filing will be sent by e-mail to all parties by operation of the Court's electronic filing system or by mail to anyone unable to accept electronic filing as indicated on the Notice ofElectronic Filing. Parties may access this filing through the Court's CM/ECF System.\n\n> */s/ Eric Henzy* Eric Henzy (ct12849)","body_zh":"美国康涅狄格区破产法院布里奇波特分院\n\n案由：第11章\n\nHO WAN KWOK（郭文贵），案号：22-50073 (JAM)\n\n债务人。________________________________________:\n\n________________________________________ :\n\n:\n债务人对第11章受托人依据《破产法典》第363条、第541条、第1108条及第105条请求作出如下裁定的动议的答辩：(A) 确认第11章受托人享有债务人在债务人控制的实体中的全部经济及公司治理权利，(B) 授权第11章受托人代表破产财产在任何外国行事，以及 (C) 准予相关救济\n\n债务人 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵，下称“债务人”），由其下述签字律师事务所 Zeisler & Zeisler, P.C. 代表，就第11章受托人依据《破产法典》第363条、第541条、第1108条及第105条请求作出如下裁定的动议：(A) 确认第11章受托人享有债务人在债务人控制的实体中的全部经济权利，(B) 授权第11章受托人代表破产财产在任何外国行事，以及 (C) 准予相关救济（下称“动议”），答辩如下：\n\n1. 2022年2月15日，债务人依据《破产法典》第11章提交了自愿救济申请书，从而启动了上述标题所列的破产案件。\n\n2. 2022年6月15日，本法院发布了一份裁决备忘录，除其他事项外，在寻求指定第11章受托人的范围内，准予了 PAX（太盟亚洲机会基金）提出的驳回动议，或作为替代方案，部分加入 UST（美国受托人计划署）关于指定第11章受托人的动议（文件编号：183）。（文件编号：465。）\n\n3. 2022年7月7日，UST 提交了一份指定 Luc A. Despins（卢克·A·德斯宾斯，下称“受托人”）为第11章受托人的通知（文件编号：514），以及一份《批准指定第11章受托人的命令申请书》（文件编号：515），请求法院批准对该受托人的指定。\n\n4. 2022年7月8日，法院录入了其《准予指定第11章受托人的命令》（文件编号：523），准予指定该受托人为本案的第11章受托人。\n\n5. 债务人并非寻求干涉受托人查明并追回破产财产的合法权利。然而，通过该动议，受托人就除一个例外之外未指明名称的实体寻求了极其宽泛的救济。受托人在向债务人发出极短通知的情况下寻求该等救济，且完全未向可能对所求救济享有权利的实体发出任何通知。此外，受托人未能陈述赋予其享有该等所求救济权利的法律依据。\n\n6. 受托人所寻求的裁定规定：\n\n受托人为破产财产的利益，享有债务人对所有债务人控制的实体的全部经济和治理权利，包括但不限于 Genever (BVI)。为免疑义，前述权利包括受托人更换债务人控制的实体的任何现任高级职员、董事、经理或类似人员的权力。作为前述内容的一部分，在必要范围内，受托人有权以其在本第11章案件中的第11章受托人身份，担任任何被免职的该等高级职员、董事、经理或类似人员。\n\n拟定裁定第2段。这并非对法律的正确陈述，且本法院作出受托人所拟定的裁定缺乏任何法律依据——无论是成文法还是司法判例。\n\n7. 需要明确的是，债务人并不争议受托人依据《破产法典》并按照适用的非破产法享有债务人的全部经济权利。\n\n8. 除 Genever Holding Corporation (BVI)（下称“Genever BVI”）之外，动议中并未明确指明受托人据以寻求救济的所谓“债务人控制的实体”的身份。\n\n9. 关于治理权利，正如受托人在动议中引用的案例所明确指出的，受托人继承的治理权利因管辖区而异，因实体而异。例如，在某些管辖区并取决于（其中包括）运营协议，有限责任公司中作为债务人/成员的受托人并不获得治理权利。受托人在未指明具体的债务人控制实体，且未分析适用的非破产法及任何治理文件以评估哪些特定治理权利系受托人适度承接、哪些系其无法承接的情况下，凭空寻求了全面的救济。对于任何特定实体而言，该等权力可能均无正当理由。并且，受托人还寻求针对未收到通知且未获得充分和公正听证机会的实体，被授予该等不受限制的公司权力。\n\n10. 关于 Genever (BVI)，受托人完全没有提及英属维尔京群岛的适用法律或 Genever (BVI) 的组织文件来支持其寻求承接的治理权利，因此无法获知受托人就 Genever (BVI) 寻求的公司权力——绝对且无限制——是否符合这两者中的任何一项。\n\n11. 此外，受托人主张对 Genever (BVI) 拥有公司权力所依据的事实前提本身即存在重大不完整性。在动议第14段中，受托人陈述称：“债务人拥有 Genever (BVI) 的全部股权，此点无可争议。”作为该陈述的依据，受托人在动议脚注4中引用了债务人的《关于债务人资产负债表及财务状况说明书的全球注释及限制、方法和免责声明》第4页（文件编号：77，下称“全球注释”），并且受托人陈述称：“债务人曾主张其系为 Bravo Luck Limited 信托持有 Genever (BVI) 的股权，而后者的股权由债务人之子持有。受托人正在调查该主张在何种程度上属实。”该全球注释全文规定：\n\n债务人亦可使用位于 781 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10022 的雪莉-荷兰酒店（Sherry-Netherlands Hotel）的一处公寓（下称“公寓”）。该公寓的合作股份由 Genever Holdings LLC（下称“美国特殊目的实体”）持有。该美国特殊目的实体的成员权益由 Genever Holdings Corporation（下称“英属维尔京群岛公司”）持有。债务人持有该英属维尔京群岛公司的全部股权；然而，依据日期为2015年2月17日（下称“信托日期”）的《信托声明与协议》，债务人系为 Bravo Luck Limited（下称“公寓所有人”）信托持有该股权。债务人之子拥有公寓所有人的股权。在信托日期或该日前后，公寓所有人向该美国特殊目的实体提供了购买该公寓的款项。该等资金来自债务人之子拥有或控制的实体，而非来自债务人。\n\n该美国特殊目的实体于2020年10月12日向美国纽约南区破产法院提起了其自身的第11章案件（案号：20-12411 (JLG)）。该美国特殊目的实体关于其重组计划的披露声明指出，该美国特殊目的实体“寻求第11章救济……是鉴于存在多起主要涉及 Bravo Luck Limited 与 [Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund LP（PAX）] 之间关于该住所实益所有权归属的法院争议”。[案卷编号：165]。在旨在确定该公寓所有权的诉讼中，公寓所有人主张其为该公寓的实益所有人。该公寓的最终所有权归属将在该美国特殊目的实体的第11章案件之外解决。在英属维尔京群岛法院，PAX 依据其对债务人取得的判决（该判决仍在上述审理中），已寻求强制移交该美国特殊目的实体的成员权益。\n\n目前，该公寓在该美国特殊目的实体的销售专员 Melanie L. Cyganowski（梅兰妮·L·西加诺夫斯基）律师的授权下，由苏富比国际地产公司挂牌出售。基于这些原因，债务人未将该公寓的价值作为资产申报。\n\n因此，债务人是否拥有 Genever (BVI) 的全部股权存在争议。该争议一直是纽约南区 Garrity（加里蒂）法官审理的 Genever Holdings LLC 第11章案件中的争议焦点，且根据加里蒂法官录入的一项命令，该争议预计将在英属维尔京群岛的诉讼中予以解决。参见《准予债务人关于批准修订后和解协议的第二次重新提出的动议的命令》，文件编号：165-1，案号：20-12411（纽约南区破产法院，2022年1月7日）。主张其拥有 Genever (BVI) 股权的一方 Bravo Luck Limited，并未收到受托人在动议中所求救济的通知。\n\n12. 受托人所寻求的裁定宽泛地规定：“在受托人行使有关债务人控制实体的经济和治理权利被视为属于日常业务范围之外的限度内，特此批准该等行使，因行使该等权利具有合理的商业理由，包括因为受托人为破产财产的利益享有债务人对该等实体的全部经济和治理权利。”拟定裁定第2段。对受托人未指明行为的这种概括性批准不应被授权。受托人所请求的对非常规业务行为的一揽子授权，剥夺了债务人及所有其他利害关系人就受托人拟采取的行为进行分析并陈述意见的充分且公正的机会。如果受托人寻求采取日常业务范围之外的行动，则其应被要求在发出通知并举行听证后，请求法院授权其如此行事，正如《破产法典》第363条所要求的那样。\n\n13. 关于受托人请求担任“外国代表”的事项，受托人所寻求的裁定规定：\n\n特此授权受托人作为债务人的外国代表，在适用外国法律允许的任何方式下，代表破产财产在任何外国行事，其目的包括：(a) 调查、收集和追回债务人位于外国的资产，包括在必要或适当情况下在外国法院寻求救济以推进该等目的；(b) 对债务人控制的实体行使控制权，包括在必要或适当情况下在外国法院寻求救济以推进该等目的；以及 (c) 从持有债务人控制实体的相关文件的相应外国公司登记机构（或类似实体）请求并获取公司文件。在不限制前述规定的前提下，依据破产法院第1505条，受托人获授权从持有相关公司文件的相应英属维尔京群岛（“BVI”）实体请求并获取与 Genever (BVI) 相关的公司文件。\n\n拟定裁定第4段。对于法院依据《破产法典》第1505条的规定，授权受托人在相关适用外国法允许的任何方式下代表破产财产在外国行事，债务人并无异议。债务人确实反对授权受托人担任其外国代表，法律条文并非如此规定。基于上述理由，债务人反对受托人对债务人控制的实体行使控制权，但仅以该等行使与适用的非破产法或相关治理文件相冲突为限。\n\n14. 受托人所寻求的裁定规定，“本法院谨请外国法院提供协助，包括就受托人关于行使其对 Genever (BVI) 公司控制权的任何救济请求（包括在紧急情况下的请求），请求 BVI（英属维尔京群岛）法院提供协助。”拟议裁定第 6 段。债务人不会告知本法院应当或不应当向外国法院传达什么，因为这当然完全属于本法院的自由裁量范围。但该条款似乎非常开放且不明确，并且它似乎就受托人可能向外国法院提出的“受托人的任何救济请求”，给予了受托人本法院的正式认可，即便本法院对此类请求一无所知。\n\n为此，债务人谨请求法院按照本答复驳回该动议，并在正义需要时给予其其他及进一步的救济。\n\n日期：2022年7月29日，于 Connecticut（康涅狄格州）Bridgeport（布里奇波特）\n债务人：Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）\n\n/s/ Eric Henzy（埃里克·亨齐）\nEric Henzy (ct12849)\nStephen M. Kindseth (ct14640)\nAaron A. Romney (ct28144)\nJames M. Moriarty\nJohn L. Cesaroni (ct29309)\n10 Middle Street, 15th Floor\nBridgeport, Connecticut 06604\n电话：(203) 368-4234\n\n传真：(203) 368-5487\n电子邮件：[ehenzy@zeislaw.com] [skindseth@zeislaw.com] [aromney@zeislaw.com] [Jmoriarty@zeislaw.com] [jcesaroni@zeislaw.com]\n送达证明\n\n我特此证明，于 2022年7月29日，前述文件的副本已通过电子方式归档。本归档的通知将通过法院电子归档系统的运作以电子邮件形式发送给所有当事人，或如电子归档通知所示，以邮寄方式发送给无法接受电子归档的任何人。各当事人可通过法院的 CM/ECF 系统查阅本归档文件。\n\n/s/ Eric Henzy\nEric Henzy (ct12849)","key_entities":["Kwok","Ho Wan Kwok","Je","Despins"],"ecf_references":[],"word_count":2141,"status":"published","published_at":null,"created_at":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-23 13:08:01"}