{"id":"court_sdny_2880_0","court":"SDNY","case_no":"","doc_number":2880,"sub_number":null,"doc_type":"DOC","filed_date":null,"title":"SDNY ECF 2880","summary_zh":"对抗诉讼投诉——美国康州破产法院，Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵 / Guo Wengui / Miles Guo）破产案，案号 22-50073，ECF 2880（2024年2月15日提交）。Chapter 11 受信人指控被告进行欺诈转让，系通过壳公司进行并向债权人隐瞒，请求法院依《破产法》和纽约州法撤销并收回该转让。","summary_en":"Adversary Proceeding Complaint—Connecticut Bankruptcy Court, In re Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo), Case No. 22-50073, ECF 2880 (filed February 15, 2024). The Chapter 11 Trustee alleges the defendant made a fraudulent transfer using a shell company to conceal assets from creditors, seeking to void and recover the transfer under bankruptcy and New York law.","body_en":"#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| ADVERSARY PROCEEDING COVER SHEET
(Instructions on Reverse) | | ADVERSARY PROCEEDING NUMBER
(Court Use Only) | | |\n|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|\n| PLAINTIFFS | DEFENDANTS | | | |\n| ATTORNEYS (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone No.) | ATTORNEYS | (If Known) | | |\n| PARTY (Check One Box Only)
□ Debtor
□ U.S.
Trustee/Bankruptcy Admin
□ Creditor
□ Other
□ Trustee | □ Debtor
□ Creditor
□ Trustee | PARTY (Check One Box Only)
□ U.S. Trustee/Bankruptcy
Admin
□ Other | | |\n| CAUSE OF ACTION
(WRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OF CAUSE OF ACTION, INCLUDING ALL U.S. STATUTES INVOLVED)
NATURE OF SUIT | | | | |\n| (Number up to five (5) boxes starting with lead cause of action as 1, first alternative cause as 2, second alternative cause as 3, etc.) | | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(1) – Recovery of Money/Property
□
11-Recovery of money/property - §542 turnover of property
□
12-Recovery of money/property - §547 preference
□
13-Recovery of money/property - §548 fraudulent transfer
□
14-Recovery of money/property - other
FRBP 7001(2) – Validity, Priority or Extent of Lien
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21-Validity, priority or extent of lien or other interest in property | □
□
□
□
□ | FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability (continued)
61-Dischargeability - §523(a)(5), domestic support
68-Dischargeability - §523(a)(6), willful and malicious injury
63-Dischargeability - §523(a)(8), student loan
64-Dischargeability - §523(a)(15), divorce or separation obligation
(other than domestic support)
65-Dischargeability - other | | |\n| FRBP 7001(3) – Approval of Sale of Property
□
31-Approval of sale of property of estate and of a co-owner - §363(h) | FRBP 7001(7) – Injunctive Relief
□
71-Injunctive relief – imposition of stay
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72-Injunctive relief – other | | | |\n| FRBP 7001(4) – Objection/Revocation of Discharge
□
41-Objection / revocation of discharge - §727(c),(d),(e) | □ | FRBP 7001(8) Subordination of Claim or Interest
81-Subordination of claim or interest | | |\n| FRBP 7001(5) – Revocation of Confirmation
□
51-Revocation of confirmation | □ | FRBP 7001(9) Declaratory Judgment
91-Declaratory judgment | | |\n| FRBP 7001(6) – Dischargeability
□
66-Dischargeability - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) priority tax claims
□
62-Dischargeability - §523(a)(2), false pretenses, false representation,
actual fraud
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67-Dischargeability - §523(a)(4), fraud as fiduciary, embezzlement, larceny
(continued next column) | □
Other
□
□ | FRBP 7001(10) Determination of Removed Action
01-Determination of removed claim or cause
SS-SIPA Case – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.
02-Other (e.g. other actions that would have been brought in state court
if unrelated to bankruptcy case) | | |\n| □ Check if this case involves a substantive issue of state law | | □ Check if this is asserted to be a class action under FRCP 23 | | |\n| □ Check if a jury trial is demanded in complaint | Demand \\$ | | | |\n| Other Relief Sought | | | | |\n\n#### **B1040 (FORM 1040) (12/15)**\n\n| BANKRUPTCY CASE IN WHICH THIS ADVERSARY PROCEEDING ARISES | | | | |\n|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------|-----------------------------|--|\n| NAME OF DEBTOR | | BANKRUPTCY CASE NO. | | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH CASE IS PENDING | | DIVISION OFFICE | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| RELATED ADVERSARY PROCEEDING (IF ANY) | | | | |\n| PLAINTIFF | DEFENDANT | | ADVERSARY
PROCEEDING NO. | |\n| DISTRICT IN WHICH ADVERSARY IS PENDING | | | NAME OF JUDGE | |\n| SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | | | |\n| DATE | | PRINT NAME OF ATTORNEY (OR PLAINTIFF) | | |\n\n#### **INSTRUCTIONS**\n\nThe filing of a bankruptcy case creates an \"estate\" under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court which consists of all of the property of the debtor, wherever that property is located. Because the bankruptcy estate is so extensive and the jurisdiction of the court so broad, there may be lawsuits over the property or property rights of the estate. There also may be lawsuits concerning the debtor's discharge. If such a lawsuit is filed in a bankruptcy court, it is called an adversary proceeding.\n\nA party filing an adversary proceeding must also must complete and file Form 1040, the Adversary Proceeding Cover Sheet, unless the party files the adversary proceeding electronically through the court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing system (CM/ECF). (CM/ECF captures the information on Form 1040 as part of the filing process.) When completed, the cover sheet summarizes basic information on the adversary proceeding. The clerk of court needs the information to process the adversary proceeding and prepare required statistical reports on court activity.\n\nThe cover sheet and the information contained on it do not replace or supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, the Bankruptcy Rules, or the local rules of court. The cover sheet, which is largely selfexplanatory, must be completed by the plaintiff's attorney (or by the plaintiff if the plaintiff is not represented by an attorney). A separate cover sheet must be submitted to the clerk for each complaint filed.\n\n**Plaintiffs** and **Defendants.** Give the names of the plaintiffs and defendants exactly as they appear on the complaint.\n\n**Attorneys.** Give the names and addresses of the attorneys, if known.\n\n**Party**. Check the most appropriate box in the first column for the plaintiffs and the second column for the defendants.\n\n**Demand.** Enter the dollar amount being demanded in the complaint.\n\n**Signature.** This cover sheet must be signed by the attorney of record in the box on the second page of the form. If the plaintiff is represented by a law firm, a member of the firm must sign. If the plaintiff is pro se, that is, not represented by an attorney, the plaintiff must sign.\n\n# **UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION**\n\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | | x |\n|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------|----------------------------------------------|\n| In re: | :
: | Chapter 11 |\n| 1
HO WAN KWOK,
et al., | :
: | Case No. 22-50073 (JAM) |\n| | :
Debtors.
: | (Jointly Administered) |\n| :
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x
:
LUC A. DESPINS, CHAPTER 11
:
TRUSTEE,
:
:
Plaintiff,
:
v.
:
:
:
9 EAST 40TH STREET LLC,
:
:
Defendant.
: | | Adv. Proceeding No. [ ]
February 15, 2024 |\n| ----------------------------------------------------------- | : | x |\n\n# **COMPLAINT OF CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE SEEKING AVOIDANCE AND RECOVERY OF FRAUDULENT TRANSFERS AND RELATED RELIEF PURSUANT TO BANKRUPTCY CODE SECTIONS 544, 548 AND 550 AND NEW YORK DEBTOR & CREDITOR LAW SECTIONS 273, 274, AND 276**\n\nLuc A. Despins, in his capacity as the chapter 11 trustee (the \"Trustee\") appointed in the\n\nchapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\") of Ho Wan Kwok (the \"Debtor\" or \"Kwok\"), files this\n\n1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases are Ho Wan Kwok (also known as Guo Wengui, Miles Guo, and Miles Kwok, as well as numerous other aliases) (last four digits of tax identification number: 9595), Genever Holdings LLC (last four digits of tax identification number: 8202) and Genever Holdings Corporation. The mailing address for the Trustee, Genever Holdings LLC, and the Genever Holdings Corporation is Paul Hastings LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 c/o Luc A. Despins, as Trustee for the Estate of Ho Wan Kwok (solely for purposes of notices and communications).\n\nadversary complaint (the \"Complaint\") against defendant 9 East 40th Street LLC (the \"Defendant\"), stating as follows:\n\n#### **NATURE OF ACTION**\n\n1. The Trustee commences this adversary proceeding to avoid and recover transfers of the Debtor's property prior to the commencement of this Chapter 11 Case.\n\n2. The Debtor, through his alter-ego shell company, G Fashion (\"G Fashion\"), transferred funds in the amount of \\$270,000.00 prior to the Petition Date (as defined herein) to the Defendant as the initial transferee.\n\n3. These transfers were actually fraudulent, because the Debtor effectuated them as part of his \"shell game,\" and they were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n### **JURISDICTION AND VENUE**\n\n4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this adversary proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b).\n\n5. This adversary proceeding has been referred to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(a).\n\n6. The statutory predicates for the relief sought herein include sections 544, 548 and 550 of Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\") and New York Debtor & Creditor Law sections 273, 274, and 276 2 or any other applicable state law equivalents.\n\n### **THE PARTIES**\n\n2 All statutory references to New York Debtor and Creditor Law will hereinafter be referred to as \"N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law\". The New York Uniform Voidable Transactions Act (\"NYUVT\") replaced the New York Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act (\"NYUFC\") and became effective on April 4, 2020 and applies to transfers made or obligations incurred on or after April 4, 2020. With respect to transfers prior to April 4, 2020, the Trustee seeks relief in this action under the NYUFC and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 273a, 275, 276 and 278.\n\n7. The Trustee is the chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court's order entered on July 8, 2022 [Case No. 22-50073 (the \"Main Case\") Docket No. 523].\n\n8. The Defendant is a New York limited liability company with an address at 10 East 40th Street, 3203, New York, New York 10016.\n\n## **FACTS**\n\n### **A. Chapter 11 Case**\n\n9. The Debtor filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the United States Code (the \"Bankruptcy Code\") on February 15, 2022 (the \"Petition Date\") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut (the \"Bankruptcy Court\"), thus commencing the above-captioned chapter 11 case (the \"Chapter 11 Case\").\n\n10. On March 21, 2022, the Office of the United States Trustee appointed an Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors in this Chapter 11 Case. No examiner has been appointed.\n\n11. The Debtor's bankruptcy schedules, filed in March 2022 with the Bankruptcy Court, claimed that he owned \\$3,850 in assets and had incurred hundreds of millions of dollars of liabilities.3 While the Debtor was, indeed, deeply indebted, his schedules failed to disclose the Debtor's property as held and/or transferred through his many alter-ego shell companies, including G Fashion.\n\n12. On June 15, 2022, the Bankruptcy Court entered a memorandum of decision and order [Main Case Docket No. 465] directing the United States Trustee to appoint a chapter 11 trustee in the Chapter 11 Case. Pursuant to this order, the United States Trustee selected Luc A.\n\n3 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, at 1 [Main Case Docket No. 78].\n\nDespins as the Trustee. On July 8, 2022, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order granting the appointment of Luc A. Despins as the Trustee in the Chapter 11 Case [Main Case Docket No. 523].\n\n#### **B. Debtor's Use of Shell Companies and Trustee's Adversary Proceedings**\n\n13. G Fashion is one of the numerous alter-ego shell companies used by the Debtor to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors.4 For years, the Debtor has orchestrated a \"shell game,\" employing a convoluted web of shell companies, nominally owned by family members, lieutenants, and/or subordinates, but in reality, controlled by the Debtor. This shell game enabled the Debtor to use and spend and/or transfer millions of dollars of cash and other assets.\n\n14. Since his appointment, the Trustee has commenced a number of adversary proceedings in the Chapter 11 Case to, among other things, establish that the Debtor's shell companies were his alter-egos and/or that such companies and their assets were equitably owned by the Debtor and in several such adversary proceedings the Bankruptcy Court has already granted such relief.5\n\n15. The fact patterns in these litigations consistently involve: (i) Debtor-controlled shell companies held by close family members and/or subordinates, (ii) assets purchased with cash from\n\n4 The Trustee has or will imminently commence an adversary proceeding against G Fashion, which adversary proceeding seeks, among other things, a declaratory judgment that G Fashion was the alter ego of the Debtor and/or that it and any property it nominally held was equitably owned by the Debtor. The Trustee incorporates by reference herein, the Trustee's Complaint filed in such adversary proceeding.\n\n5 These include the following adversary proceedings: (i) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]; (ii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]; (iii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]; (iv) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]; (v) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. No. 23- 05017]; (vi) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited* [Adv. Proc. 23-05018]; and (vii) *Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al.* [Adv. Proc. 23-05023].\n\nother Debtor-controlled entities and/or transferred to and among shell entities for no consideration, and (iii) the Debtor benefiting from and having control and dominion over such assets.\n\n#### **C. Debtor's Conduct to Hinder, Delay, and/or Defraud Creditors**\n\n16. In addition to the matters addressed in the Trustee's adversary proceedings, the Bankruptcy Court has found that the Debtor was the beneficial owner of Ace Decade Limited (and through it, Dawn State Limited) and that the Debtor controlled and employed Ace Decade Limited's nominee shareholder, Yvette Wang.6\n\n17. The Bankruptcy Court has also found that the \"G Entities\" (Gettr, G Fashion, G Music, GClubs, GNews and GEdu), the New Federal State of China and the Rule of Law Foundation, as well as other purportedly independent entities and organizations, were controlled by the Debtor7 , led by the Debtor8 and/or served \"the purposes of… and as business vehicles of\" the Debtor.9\n\n18. Prior to the Petition Date, Judge Liman of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York found that Eastern Profit Corporation Limited, an entity originally owned by one of the Debtor's chefs before its transfer to Debtor's daughter, was \"in essence, a shell corporation\" for the Debtor.10\n\n6 Order Granting Motion to Hold Debtor in Contempt of Corporate Governance Order, ¶¶ 1, 4 (Jan. 24, 2023, Docket No. 1372 (\"Corp. Governance Contempt Order\").\n\n7 *Corrected Memorandum of Decision Granting in Part Motion for Preliminary Injunction*, ¶ 3 (Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032, January 13, 2023 (\"The Debtor also controls Saraca Media Group and a related entity 'GTV'\").\n\n8 *Id*. at ¶ 7 (\"The Debtor is the leader of The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF and Himalaya.\").\n\n9 *Id*. (\"The Whistleblower Movement, NFSC, ROLF, GSeries, and Himalaya serve the purposes of the Debtor, serve as business vehicles for the Debtor, and their members are personally loyal to the Debtor.\").\n\n10 *Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC*, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at \\*1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n19. The Debtor has gone to great lengths to hinder and delay the collection efforts of one of his largest creditors, *i.e.*, Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P. (\"PAX\"). In 2017, PAX sued the Debtor in the Supreme Court of the State of New York (the \"New York Court\"), Index No. 652077/2017 (the \"PAX Case\"), seeking judgment for monies owed. On February 3, 2021, PAX obtained a judgment from the New York Court against the Debtor in the sum of \\$116,402,019.57 (the \"PAX Judgment\"). PAX sought to enforce the PAX Judgment by levying the Debtor's assets—including the Lady May, which the Debtor falsely claimed was owned by his daughter, and the Debtor's luxury apartment in Manhattan, which the Debtor falsely claimed was held in trust for the Debtor's son. The Debtor's defiance of New York Court orders in postjudgment proceedings eventually resulted in the Debtor incurring contempt penalties of \\$134 million.\n\n20. The Debtor also used his alter egos, including G Fashion, as personal piggy-banks, funding the lavish lifestyle to which he and his family had become accustomed, while concealing assets in these alter egos from his creditors and hindering and delaying creditors from recoveries on their claims. The transfers that the Debtor effectuated through these alter egos effectuated the Debtor's fraudulent scheme.\n\n21. The Debtor has testified before the Bankruptcy Court that he has insufficient assets to pay his liabilities and that his luxurious lifestyle is funded by his family through businesses nominally held by family members.11 The Debtor scheduled only \\$3,850 in assets.12\n\n11 Hearing on Debtor's Motion for Entry of Interim and Final DIP Orders (I) Authorizing the Debtor to Obtain Unsecured, Subordinated Postpetition Financing and (II) Scheduling Interim and Final Hearings, and (III) Granting Related Relief (Main Case, April 27, 2022)\n\n12 *See* n.3\n\n22. In March 2023, the Debtor was arrested and remains confined pending his trial on federal criminal charges of, among other things, wire fraud, securities fraud, and money laundering.\n\n23. In its criminal indictment of the Debtor, the United States Government asserts that the Debtor and his co-defendants \"utilized more than approximately 500 accounts held in the names of *at least 80 different entities or individuals* to launder more than \\$1 billion in fraud proceeds.\"13\n\n24. The property of the Debtor's alter egos, including G Fashion, was at all times prior to the Petition Date property of the Debtor.\n\n25. At all times relevant herein, the Debtor conducted business in New York, New York, including direction of the Transfer (as defined herein).\n\n### **D. Transfers Made with Intent to Hinder, Delay, or Defraud Creditors**\n\n26. The Transfer at issue in this Complaint were made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors inasmuch as it was made through one of the Debtor's alterego shell companies operated as a part of the Debtor's shell game.\n\n27. The Debtor intentionally orchestrated his financial affairs in this manner in order to conceal and dissipate millions of dollars in assets while falsely pleading poverty to his many creditors. The Debtor claimed to be destitute while simultaneously spending heavily to maintain a billionaire lifestyle for himself and for his family members and close associates.\n\n13 *See* Memorandum of Law of the United States of America in Opposition to Defendant Yanping Wang's Motion for Pretrial Release at 29, attached as Exhibit B in the Reply of Chapter 11 Trustee to G Club Operations LLC's Supplemental Objection to Trustee's Motion to Compel and Request for Related Relief (June 23, 2023, Main Case Docket No. 1934).\n\n28. The assets concealed and dissipated by the Debtor included funds that he obtained from the victims of his cryptocurrency, securities, and other fraud schemes. As a result of this conduct, the Debtor faces multiple felony fraud, money laundering, and racketeering charges in a criminal case pending in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. *See United States v. Ho Wan Kwok*, case no. 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215] (Jan. 3, 2024 S.D.N.Y.).\n\n29. The Debtor knew and intended that by concealing and dissipating his assets in this manner there would not be sufficient assets remaining to repay his creditors—including the many victims of his frauds. These transfers were thus necessarily made with the intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud the Debtor's creditors.\n\n#### **E. Transfer to the Defendant**\n\n30. Prior to the Petition Date, the Debtor, using his alter ego shell companies including G Fashion, or otherwise, transferred the Debtor's property to the Defendant (the \"Transfer\"), including, without limitation, as follows:\n\nSee **SCHEDULE A** attached hereto and made a part hereof.\n\n31. At the time of the Transfer, the Debtor had outstanding obligations to creditors of the Debtor's estate.\n\n32. The Defendant was the initial transferee of the Transfer.\n\n#### **FIRST CLAIM**\n\n## **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers Pursuant to Bankruptcy Code sections 548(a)(1)(A) and 550(a))**\n\n33. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-32 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n34. The Transfer was made by the Debtor through his alter ego, G Fashion, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n35. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the Transfer is shown by, among other things:\n\na. The Transfer was effectuated using alter-ego shell companies;\n\nb. The Transfer was concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Transfer was effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfer furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Transfer furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Transfer, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Transfer, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n36. The Transfer are avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to section 548(a)(1)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code and are recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n### **SECOND CLAIM**\n\n# **(Claim to Avoid and Recover Actual Fraudulent Transfers pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273, 274, and 276, and Bankruptcy Code sections 544(b) and 550(a))**\n\n37. The Trustee repeats and realleges the allegations contained in paragraphs 1-32 as if fully set forth herein.\n\n38. The Transfer was made by the Debtor, through his alter ego company, G Fashion, with the actual intent to hinder, delay and/or defraud his creditors.\n\n39. The Debtor's intent to hinder, delay, and/or defraud his creditors in effectuating the Transfer is shown by, among other things:\n\na. The Transfer was effectuated using alter-ego shell company;\n\nb. The Transfer was concealed from the Debtor's creditors;\n\nc. The Transfer was effectuated as part of the Debtor's \"shell game\" with the aid of the Debtor's family members and other lieutenants and subordinates that he controlled in an effort to conceal and shield assets;\n\nd. The Transfer furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to benefit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\ne. The Transfer furthered the Debtor's fraudulent conduct by enabling the Debtor to profit from his fraud without subjecting his property to the reach of his creditors;\n\nf. At the time of the Transfer, the Debtor was being sued, including by PAX in the PAX Case; and\n\ng. At the time of the Transfer, the Debtor was insolvent or undercapitalized.\n\n40. The Transfer is avoidable by the Trustee pursuant to N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(1), 274, and 276, and section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and recoverable pursuant to section 550(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.\n\n*[THE REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK.]*\n\n#### **PRAYER FOR RELIEF**\n\nWHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, the Trustee respectfully requests that judgment be entered as follows:\n\n1. On the First Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfer in an amount not less than \\$270,000.00 are avoided pursuant to section 548(a)(1)(A) of the Bankruptcy Code; (b) an order directing that the Transfer be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfer, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n2. On the Second Claim, (a) an order declaring that the Transfer in an amount not less than \\$270,000.00 are avoided pursuant to section 544(b) of the Bankruptcy Code and N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law sections 273(a)(2), 274 and 276; (b) an order directing that the Transfer be set aside; and (c) recovery of the Transfer, or the value thereof at the Trustee's option, from the Defendant for the benefit of the Debtor's estate pursuant to N.Y. Debt & Cred. Law section 276 and section 550(a)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code;\n\n5. Awarding the Trustee pre-judgment interest at the maximum legal rate from the date of the filing of this Complaint to the date of judgment herein; and\n\n6. Such other and further relief as the Court may deem just, proper, or equitable under the circumstances.\n\n#### [*Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank*]\n\nDated: February 15, 2024 New Haven, CT\n\nLUC A. DESPINS CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE\n\nBy: /s/Douglas Skalka \\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_*\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_* Douglas S. Skalka (ct00616) Patrick R. Linsey (ct29437) NEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C. 195 Church Street, 13th Floor New Haven, Connecticut 06510 (203) 781-2847 dskalka@npmlaw.com plinsey@npmlaw.com *Counsel for the Chapter 11 Trustee*\n\n# **SCHEDULE A**\n\n## **FILED UNDER SEAL**","body_zh":"B1040 (表格 1040) (12/15)\n对抗性诉讼封面页\n(说明见反面)\n对抗性诉讼案号\n(仅供法院使用)\n\n原告 被告\n律师（律所名称、地址及电话号码） 律师（如已知）\n当事人（仅勾选一框）\n□ 债务人\n□ 美国受托人/破产行政官\n□ 债权人\n□ 其他\n□ 受托人\n□ 债务人\n□ 债权人\n□ 受托人\n当事人（仅勾选一框）\n□ 美国受托人/破产行政官\n□ 其他\n\n诉讼事由\n（请简要陈述诉讼事由，包括涉及的所有美国法律法规）\n诉讼性质\n（最多为五 (5) 个框编号，主诉讼事由标为 1，第一备选事由标为 2，第二备选事由标为 3，依此类推。）\nFRBP 7001(1) – 追回款项/财产\n□ 11-追回款项/财产 - §542 财产交还\n□ 12-追回款项/财产 - §547 优先清偿\n□ 13-追回款项/财产 - §548 欺诈性转让\n□ 14-追回款项/财产 - 其他\nFRBP 7001(2) – 留置权的有效性、顺位或范围\n□ 21-留置权或财产中其他权益的有效性、顺位或范围\nFRBP 7001(6) – 免责性（续）\n□ 61-免责性 - §523(a)(5)，家庭抚养\n□ 68-免责性 - §523(a)(6)，故意和恶意伤害\n□ 63-免责性 - §523(a)(8)，助学贷款\n□ 64-免责性 - §523(a)(15)，离婚或分居义务（家庭抚养除外）\n□ 65-免责性 - 其他\nFRBP 7001(3) – 批准出售财产\n□ 31-批准出售破产财产及共同所有人的财产 - §363(h)\nFRBP 7001(7) – 禁令救济\n□ 71-禁令救济 – 实施中止\n□ 72-禁令救济 – 其他\nFRBP 7001(4) – 异议/撤销免责\n□ 41-异议 / 撤销免责 - §727(c),(d),(e)\nFRBP 7001(8) 债权或权益劣后\n□ 81-债权或权益劣后\nFRBP 7001(5) – 撤销确认\n□ 51-撤销确认\nFRBP 7001(9) 宣告性判决\n□ 91-宣告性判决\nFRBP 7001(6) – 免责性\n□ 66-免责性 - §523(a)(1),(14),(14A) 优先税收债权\n□ 62-免责性 - §523(a)(2)，虚假借口、虚假陈述、实际欺诈\n□ 67-免责性 - §523(a)(4)，作为受托人的欺诈、侵吞、盗窃\n（续下一栏）\n其他\nFRBP 7001(10) 移送诉讼的裁决\n□ 01-移送的债权或事由的裁决\n□ SS-SIPA 案件 – 15 U.S.C. §§78aaa et.seq.\n□ 02-其他（例如，若与破产案件无关本应在州法院提起的其他诉讼）\n\n□ 如本案涉及州法实质性问题请勾选 □ 如声称依据 FRCP 23 提起集体诉讼请勾选\n□ 如起诉书中要求陪审团审判请勾选 请求金额 $\n寻求的其他救济\n\nB1040 (表格 1040) (12/15)\n产生本对抗性诉讼的破产案件\n债务人姓名 破产案件案号\n案件审理所在学区 法庭办事处 法官姓名\n相关对抗性诉讼（如有）\n原告 被告 对抗性诉讼案号\n对抗性诉讼审理所在学区 法官姓名\n律师（或原告）签名\n日期 律师（或原告）正楷姓名\n\n说明\n\n提起破产案件会在破产法院的管辖下产生一个由债务人所有财产（无论该财产位于何处）组成的“破产财产”（estate）。由于破产财产范围极广且法院管辖权极宽，可能会产生针对破产财产或其财产权利的诉讼。也可能会产生有关债务人免责的诉讼。如果在破产法院提起此类诉讼，则称为对抗性诉讼。\n\n提起对抗性诉讼的当事人还必须填写并提交表格 1040（即对抗性诉讼封面页），除非该当事人通过法院的案件管理/电子案件立案系统（CM/ECF）以电子方式提交对抗性诉讼。（CM/ECF 会在立案过程中采集表格 1040 上的信息。）填写完成后，封面页会汇总有关对抗性诉讼的基本信息。法院书记官需要该信息来处理对抗性诉讼并编制关于法院活动的法定统计报告。\n\n封面页及其所含信息并不替代或补充法律、破产规则或当地法院规则所要求的诉讼文书或其他文件的提交与送达。该封面页基本一目了然，必须由原告律师填写（如原告未聘请律师代理，则由原告本人填写）。每提交一份起诉书，必须向书记官提交一份单独的封面页。\n\n原告与被告。准确填写起诉书上所载的原告和被告姓名/名称。\n\n律师。如已知，填写律师的姓名和地址。\n\n当事人。在第一栏为原告勾选最合适的方框，在第二栏为被告勾选最合适的方框。\n\n请求金额。输入起诉书中请求判决的美元金额。\n\n签名。本封面页必须由记录在案的律师在表格第二页的框内签名。如果原告由律师事务所代理，则必须由该所成员签名。如果原告是亲自诉讼（pro se），即没有律师代理，则原告必须自行签名。\n\nUNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT BRIDGEPORT DIVISION（美国康涅狄格区破产法院布里奇波特分部）\n----------------------------------------------------------- x\n关于： :\n: 第 11 章\nHO WAN KWOK（郭文贵）等人， :\n: 案号 22-50073 (JAM)\n债务人。 :\n: （合并审理）\nx\n:\nLUC A. DESPINS，第 11 章受托人， :\n:\n原告， :\n:\nv. :\n:\n:\n9 EAST 40TH STREET LLC， :\n:\n被告。 :\n: 对抗性诉讼案号 [ ]\n2024年2月15日\n----------------------------------------------------------- : x\n\n第 11 章受托人依据《破产法典》第 544、548 和 550 条以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第 273、274 和 276 条请求撤销并追回欺诈性转让及相关救济的起诉书\n\nLuc A. Despins 以其在 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（“债务人”或“Kwok”）的第 11 章案件（“第 11 章案件”）中被任命的第 11 章受托人（“受托人”）身份，针对被告 9 East 40th Street LLC（“被告”）提起本对抗性起诉书（“起诉书”），陈述如下：\n\n1 这些第 11 章案件中的债务人为 Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵）（又名 Guo Wengui、Miles Guo 和 Miles Kwok，以及其他众多化名）（税务识别号后四位：9595）、Genever Holdings LLC（税务识别号后四位：8202）和 Genever Holdings Corporation。受托人、Genever Holdings LLC 和 Genever Holdings Corporation 的邮寄地址为 Paul Hastings LLP（普衡律师事务所）, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166 转交 Ho Wan Kwok 破产财产受托人 Luc A. Despins（仅用于接收通知和联络之目的）。\n\n诉讼性质\n\n1. 受托人提起本对抗诉讼程序（adversary proceeding），以撤销并追回在本第11章案件（Chapter 11 Case）启动前债务人财产的转让。\n\n2. 债务人通过其作为另我（alter-ego）的空壳公司G Fashion（“G Fashion”），在申请日（Petition Date，定义见本诉状）前向作为初始受让人的被告转让了金额为$270,000.00的资金。\n\n3. 这些转让构成实际欺诈，因为债务人实施这些转让是其“空壳把戏”（shell game）的一部分，且转让的做出带有阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人债权人的意图。\n\n管辖权与审判地\n\n4. 依据 28 U.S.C. § 1334(b)，本法院对本对抗诉讼程序享有标的管辖权（subject matter jurisdiction）。\n\n5. 依据 28 U.S.C. § 157(a)，本对抗诉讼程序已移送至本法院。\n\n6. 本诉状所请求救济的法定依据包括《美国法典》第11编（“《破产法典》”）（Bankruptcy Code）第544、548及550条，以及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》（New York Debtor & Creditor Law）第273、274及276条2，或任何其他适用的具有同等效力的州法律。\n\n当事人\n\n2 所有对《纽约州债务人与债权人法》的法条引用下文均简称为“N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law”。《纽约州可撤销交易统一法》（New York Uniform Voidable Transactions Act，“NYUVT”）取代了《纽约州欺诈性转让统一法》（New York Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act，“NYUFC”），于2020年4月4日生效，并适用于2020年4月4日或之后发生的转让或产生的债务。针对2020年4月4日之前的转让，受托人在本诉讼中根据NYUFC及N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law第273、273a、275、276及278条寻求救济。\n\n7. 依据破产法院于2022年7月8日录入的命令[案号 22-50073（“主案”）Docket No. 523]，受托人为本第11章案件中的第11章受托人。\n\n8. 被告是一家纽约有限责任公司，地址位于10 East 40th Street, 3203, New York, New York 10016。\n\n事实\n\nA. 第11章案件\n\n9. 债务人于2022年2月15日（“申请日”）向美国康涅狄格区破产法院（United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut，“破产法院”）提交了根据《美国法典》第11编（“《破产法典》”）第11章寻求救济的自愿申请书，从而启动了上述标题所示的第11章案件（“第11章案件”）。\n\n10. 2022年3月21日，美国受托人办公室（Office of the United States Trustee）在本第11章案件中指定了无担保债权人官方委员会（Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors）。尚未指定任何审查员。\n\n11. 债务人于2022年3月向破产法院提交的破产财产明细表声称其拥有$3,850的资产，并负有数亿美元的债务。3 尽管债务人确实负债累累，但其明细表未能披露债务人通过其包括G Fashion在内的众多另我空壳公司持有和/或转让的财产。\n\n12. 2022年6月15日，破产法院做出判决备忘录及命令[主案 Docket No. 465]，责令美国受托人（United States Trustee）在第11章案件中指定一名第11章受托人。依据该命令，美国受托人选定了Luc A. Despins担任受托人。2022年7月8日，破产法院做出命令，批准指定Luc A. Despins为第11章案件的受托人[主案 Docket No. 523]。\n\n3 《资产与负债明细表》（Schedule of Assets and Liabilities），第1页[主案 Docket No. 78]。\n\nB. 债务人对空壳公司的使用及受托人的对抗诉讼程序\n\n13. G Fashion是债务人用于阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的众多另我空壳公司之一。4 多年来，债务人策划了一场“空壳把戏”，利用由家族成员、得力干将和/或下属名义持有、但实际上由债务人控制的错综复杂的空壳公司网络。这场空壳把戏使得债务人能够使用、挥霍和/或转让数百万美元的现金及其他资产。\n\n14. 自获任命以来，受托人已在第11章案件中提起了多起对抗诉讼程序，以确定债务人的空壳公司是其另我，和/或确定此类公司及其资产在衡平法上归债务人所有等事项，且在其中数起对抗诉讼程序中，破产法院已经准予了该等救济。5\n\n4 受托人已经或即刻将对G Fashion提起对抗诉讼程序，该对抗诉讼程序寻求（其中包括）宣告性判决，确认G Fashion为债务人的另我，和/或其名义持有的任何财产在衡平法上归债务人所有。受托人特此援引受托人在该对抗诉讼程序中提交的起诉状。\n\n5 其中包括以下对抗诉讼程序：(i) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HK International Funds Investments (USA) Limited, LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 22-05003]；(ii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Greenwich Land LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05005]；(iii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Mei Guo（郭美）[Adv. Proc. No. 23-05008]；(iv) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. HCHK Technologies, Inc., et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23-05013]；(v) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Taurus Fund LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. No. 23- 05017]；(vi) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Golden Spring (New York) Limited [Adv. Proc. 23-05018]；以及 (vii) Luc A. Despins, Chapter 11 Trustee v. Lamp Capital LLC, et al. [Adv. Proc. 23-05023]。\n\n15. 这些诉讼中的事实模式始终涉及：(i) 由直系亲属和/或下属持有但受债务人控制的空壳公司，(ii) 用来自其他受债务人控制实体的现金购买和/或无对价转让给空壳实体并在空壳实体之间转让的资产，以及 (iii) 债务人从该等资产中获益并对该等资产拥有控制权与支配权。\n\nC. 债务人阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债权人的行为\n\n16. 除受托人对抗诉讼程序中涉及的事项外，破产法院已认定债务人为Ace Decade Limited（并通过其成为Dawn State Limited）的实益所有人，且债务人控制并雇用了Ace Decade Limited的名义股东Yvette Wang（王雁平）。6\n\n17. 破产法院还认定，“G系列实体”（Gettr、G Fashion、G Music、GClubs、GNews及GEdu）、New Federal State of China（新中国联邦）和Rule of Law Foundation（法治基金），以及其他声称独立的实体和组织，均受债务人控制7、由债务人领导8，和/或充当债务人的“工具……并作为其商业载体”。9\n\n18. 在申请日之前，United States District Court for the Southern District of New York（美国纽约南区联邦地区法院）的Liman法官认定，Eastern Profit Corporation Limited——一家在转让给债务人女儿之前原由债务人的一名厨师持有的实体——“实质上是债务人的空壳公司”。10\n\n6 《关于裁定债务人违反公司治理命令构成藐视法庭的动议准予令》，第1、4段（2023年1月24日，Docket No. 1372，“《公司治理藐视法庭裁定》”）。\n\n7 《关于部分准予初步禁令动议的修正判决备忘录》，第3段（Adv. Proc. No. 22-05032，2023年1月13日（“债务人还控制着Saraca Media Group及关联实体‘GTV’”）。\n\n8 同上，第7段（“债务人是爆料革命、新中国联邦、法治基金及喜马拉雅的领导人。”）。\n\n9 同上（“爆料革命、新中国联邦、法治基金、G系列及喜马拉雅均服务于债务人的目的，充当债务人的商业载体，且其成员对债务人个人效忠。”）。\n\n10 Eastern Profit Corp. Ltd. v. Strategic Vision US LLC, No. 18-CV-2185 (LJL) 2021 WL 2554631, at *1 (S.D.N.Y. June 22, 2021).\n\n19. 债务人竭尽全力阻碍和拖延其最大债权人之一Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, L.P.（太平洋联盟亚洲机会基金，“PAX”）的追讨努力。2017年，PAX在Supreme Court of the State of New York（纽约州最高法院，“纽约州法院”）起诉债务人，案号 Index No. 652077/2017（“PAX案”），请求就所欠款项做出判决。2021年2月3日，PAX从纽约州法院获得了针对债务人的判决书，金额为$116,402,019.57（“PAX判决”）。PAX试图通过扣押债务人的资产来执行PAX判决——其中包括Lady May号游艇（债务人虚假声称其归其女儿所有）以及债务人位于Manhattan（曼哈顿）的豪宅公寓（债务人虚假声称其系为其子设立的信托所持有）。债务人在判决后程序中公然违抗纽约州法院的命令，最终导致债务人被处以$134 million的藐视法庭罚金。\n\n20. 债务人还将包括G Fashion在内的另我公司作为个人“存钱罐”，用于资助他及其家人已习惯的奢华生活，同时在这些另我公司中向其债权人隐匿资产，并阻碍和拖延债权人追偿其债权。债务人通过这些另我公司实施的转让，落实了债务人的欺诈计划。\n\n21. 债务人已在破产法院作证称，其资产不足以偿还债务，其奢华生活是由其家人通过名义上由家庭成员持有的企业资助的。11 债务人在明细表中列出的资产仅为$3,850。12\n\n11 《关于债务人提请录入授权债务人获得无担保、次级申请后融资（第一项）、排定临时及最终听证会（第二项）并准予相关救济（第三项）的临时及最终DIP命令动议的听证会》（主案，2022年4月27日）\n\n12 见注3\n\n22. 2023年3月，债务人被捕，目前因面临电信欺诈、证券欺诈和洗钱等联邦刑事指控而被羁押候审。\n\n23. 在对债务人的刑事起诉书中，美国政府主张债务人及其共同被告“利用以至少80个不同实体或个人名义开立的约500多个账户，洗钱超过$1 billion的欺诈所得”。13\n\n24. 债务人另我实体（包括G Fashion）的财产，在申请日之前的任何时候均属于债务人的财产。\n\n25. 在本诉状涉及的所有相关时间内，债务人均在纽约州纽约市开展业务，包括指示进行转让（Transfer，定义见本诉状）。\n\nD. 带有阻碍、拖延或欺诈债权人意图做出的转让\n\n26. 本起诉状中涉及的转让是带有阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人债权人的意图做出的，因为该转让是通过作为债务人空壳把戏一部分运作的债务人另我空壳公司之一进行的。\n\n27. 债务人故意以这种方式安排其财务事务，以便在向其众多债权人虚假哭穷的同时隐匿并挥霍数百万美元的资产。债务人声称自己身无分文，同时却大肆挥霍，为自己及其家庭成员和亲信维持亿万富翁般的生活方式。\n\n13 见《美利坚合众国关于反对被告Yanping Wang（王雁平）审前释放动议的法律备忘录》第29页，作为附录B附于《第11章受托人对G Club Operations LLC就受托人强制作出动议及请求相关救济的补充异议的答辩状》（2023年6月23日，主案 Docket No. 1934）。\n\n28. 债务人隐匿和挥霍的资产包括他从其加密货币、证券及其他欺诈计划的受害者处获取的资金。由于该等行为，债务人在纽约南区联邦地区法院审理的一起刑事案件中面临多项重罪欺诈、洗钱及敲诈勒索（RICO）指控。见 United States v. Ho Wan Kwok（郭文贵），案号 1:23-cr-00118-AT [ECF No. 215]（2024年1月3日，S.D.N.Y.）。\n\n29. 债务人（Debtor）明知并意图通过以此种方式隐匿和挥霍其资产，将导致没有足够的剩余资产来偿还其债权人——包括其欺诈行为的众多受害者。因此，这些转让必然是带着阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈债务人债权人的意图进行的。\n\nE. 向被告的转让\n\n30. 在申请日（Petition Date）之前，债务人利用包括 G Fashion 在内的其另我空壳公司（alter ego shell companies）或通过其他方式，将债务人的财产转让给了被告（Defendant）（下称“该转让”），包括但不限于如下情形：\n\n参见随附于此并构成其一部分的附表 A（SCHEDULE A）。\n\n31. 在该转让发生时，债务人对债务人破产财产（Debtor's estate）的债权人负有未清偿的债务。\n\n32. 被告是该转让的最初受让人（initial transferee）。\n\n第一项诉求\n（依据《破产法典》（Bankruptcy Code）第 548(a)(1)(A) 条和第 550(a) 条撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让的诉求）\n\n33. 受托人（Trustee）重申并再次指控第 1 至 32 段中包含的指控，如同在此完全阐述一样。\n\n34. 该转让系债务人通过其另我 G Fashion 进行的，且具有阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的实际意图。\n\n35. 债务人在实施该转让时阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图表现于（除其他事项外）：\n\na. 该转让是利用另我空壳公司实施的；\n\nb. 该转让向债务人的债权人进行了隐瞒；\n\nc. 该转让是作为债务人“空壳骗局”（shell game）的一部分实施的，并得到了债务人家属及其控制的其他亲信和下属的协助，以企图隐匿和屏蔽资产；\n\nd. 该转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈行为中获益而无需使其财产受到其债权人的追索，从而推进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 该转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈行为中获利而无需使其财产受到其债权人的追索，从而推进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在该转让发生时，债务人正被起诉，包括在 PAX 案（PAX Case）中被 PAX 起诉；以及\n\ng. 在该转让发生时，债务人处于资不抵债（insolvent）或资本不足（undercapitalized）状态。\n\n36. 受托人可依据《破产法典》第 548(a)(1)(A) 条撤销该转让，并可依据《破产法典》第 550(a) 条予以追回。\n\n第二项诉求\n（依据《纽约州债务人与债权人法》（N.Y. Debt. & Cred. Law）第 273 条、第 274 条和第 276 条，以及《破产法典》第 544(b) 条和第 550(a) 条撤销并追回实际欺诈性转让的诉求）\n\n37. 受托人重申并再次指控第 1 至 32 段中包含的指控，如同在此完全阐述一样。\n\n38. 该转让系债务人通过其另我公司 G Fashion 进行的，且具有阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的实际意图。\n\n39. 债务人在实施该转让时阻碍、拖延和/或欺诈其债权人的意图表现于（除其他事项外）：\n\na. 该转让是利用另我空壳公司实施的；\n\nb. 该转让向债务人的债权人进行了隐瞒；\n\nc. 该转让是作为债务人“空壳骗局”的一部分实施的，并得到了债务人家属及其控制的其他亲信和下属的协助，以企图隐匿和屏蔽资产；\n\nd. 该转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈行为中获益而无需使其财产受到其债权人的追索，从而推进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\ne. 该转让通过使债务人能够从其欺诈行为中获利而无需使其财产受到其债权人的追索，从而推进了债务人的欺诈行为；\n\nf. 在该转让发生时，债务人正被起诉，包括在 PAX 案中被 PAX 起诉；以及\n\ng. 在该转让发生时，债务人处于资不抵债或资本不足状态。\n\n40. 受托人可依据《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第 273(a)(1) 条、第 274 条和第 276 条，以及《破产法典》第 544(b) 条撤销该转让，并可依据《破产法典》第 550(a) 条予以追回。\n\n[本页其余部分故意留白。]\n\n判令请求\n\n鉴于上述理由，受托人谨请求作出如下判决：\n\n1. 就第一项诉求而言，(a) 裁定依据《破产法典》第 548(a)(1)(A) 条撤销金额不少于 $270,000.00 的该转让；(b) 裁定撤销该转让；以及 (c) 依据《破产法典》第 550(a)(1) 条，由受托人选择从被告处为债务人破产财产的利益追回该转让或其价值；\n\n2. 就第二项诉求而言，(a) 裁定依据《破产法典》第 544(b) 条及《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第 273(a)(2) 条、第 274 条和第 276 条撤销金额不少于 $270,000.00 的该转让；(b) 裁定撤销该转让；以及 (c) 依据《纽约州债务人与债权人法》第 276 条及《破产法典》第 550(a)(1) 条，由受托人选择从被告处为债务人破产财产的利益追回该转让或其价值；\n\n5. 判给受托人自本诉状提交之日起至本案判决之日止按法定最高利率计算的判决前利息；以及\n\n6. 法院在具体情况下认为公正、适当或公平的该等其他及进一步救济。\n\n[本页其余部分故意留白]\n\n日期：February 15, 2024\n康涅狄格州纽黑文（New Haven, CT）\n\nLUC A. DESPINS\n第 11 章受托人（CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE）\n\n签署人：/s/Douglas Skalka\nDouglas S. Skalka (ct00616)\nPatrick R. Linsey (ct29437)\nNEUBERT, PEPE & MONTEITH, P.C.\n195 Church Street, 13th Floor\nNew Haven, Connecticut 06510\n(203) 781-2847\ndskalka@npmlaw.com\nplinsey@npmlaw.com\n第 11 章受托人代理律师\n\n附表 A\n密封归档（FILED UNDER SEAL）","key_entities":[],"ecf_references":[],"word_count":4023,"status":"published","published_at":null,"created_at":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-23 07:48:05"}