郭文贵破产案 · ECF #644-32

of the United States government. Here's ho

Christopher Wray Director Federal Bureau of Investigation

Hudson Institute, Video Event: China's Attempt to Influence U.S. Institutions Washington, D.C. July 7, 2020


## The Threat Posed by the Chinese Government and the Chinese Communist Party to the Economic and National Security of the United States

Remarks as delivered

Good morning. I realize it's challenging, particularly under the current circumstances, to put on an event like this, so I'm grateful to the Hudson Institute for hosting us today.

The greatest long-term threat to our nation's information and intellectual property, and to our economic vitality, is the counterintelligence and economic espionage threat from China. It's a threat to our economic security-and by extension, to our national security.

As National Security Advisor O'Brien said in his recent remarks, we cannot close our eyes and ears to what China is doing-and today, in light of the importance of this threat, I will provide more detail on the Chinese threat than the FBI has ever presented in an open forum. This threat is so significant that the attorney general and secretary of state will also be addressing a lot of these issues in the next few weeks. But if you think these issues are just an intelligence issue, or a government problem, or a nuisance largely just for big corporations who can take care of themselves-you could not be more wrong.


FBI Director Chistopher Viray discusses the threat China poses to U.S. economic and national security during a July 7, 2020 video wont al the Hudson Institute in Veshington,

ll's the people of the United States what anounts to Chinese theft on a scale so massive that it represents on of the largest transfers of wealth in human hislory

If you are an American adult, it is more likely than not that China has stolen your personal data.

In 2017, the Chinese milliary conspired to hade of with the sensible personal information of 150 million Anericans-we're talking nearly half of the American population and most American adults-and as I'll discuss in a few moments, this was hardly a standalone incident.

Our data isn't the only thing at stake here-so are our health, our livelihoods, and our security

We've now reached the point where the FBI is operineligence case about every 10 hours. Of the nearly 5,000 adive FBI counterinelligence cases currently undeway aross the county, almost half are related to China is working to compromise American health care organizations, pharmaceutical companies, and academic institutions conducting essential COVID-19 research.

But before I go on, let me be clear. This is not about the certainly not about Chinese Americans. Every year, the United States welcomes more han 100,000 Chinese students and researchers into this county. For general from China to the United States to secure the blessings of liberty for thernselves and their families-and our society is better for their continue in the threat from China, I mean the government of China and the Chinese Communist Party.

## The Chinese Regime and the Scope of Its Ambitions

To understand this threat and how we must act to respond to it, the American people should remember three things.

First. We need b be clear-eyed about the sope of the Chine-the Chine-the Chinese Communist Party-believes it is in a generalional light to surpass our county in economic and technological leadership.

That is sobeing enough. But it's waging this innovation, not through fair and lawful competition, and not by giving their clitzens the freedom of thought and speech and crealivity that we treasure here in the United, China is engaged in a whole-ci-state effort o become the world's only superpower by any meass necessary.

## A Diverse and Multi-Layered Approach

The second thing the American people need to underse ange of sphisticated techniques-werything from cyber intrusions to comping hused insiders. They've even engaged in ouright chysical heft. And they've processive approach to stealing inrovation through a wide range of actors—including not iust Chinese ineligence services but state-owned enterpinses, certain kinds of graduate sudents and researchers, and a whole variety of ther action working on their behalf.

## Economic Espionage

To achieve its goals and surpass America it needs to make leaps in cutting-edge technologies. But the instead of engaging in the hard shoulding China often steals American intellectual properly and the very American companies it victimized—n effect, cheating wice over. They're targeling research on everything from military equipment to wind turbines to rice and corn seeds.

Through its teen recuitment programs, like the so-called Thousand Talents of secretists to secrety bring our knowledge and incovalor back to China-even if that means stealing proprietary information or violating our export controls and conflict-of-interest rules.

Take the case of scientist Hongjin Tan, for example, a Chines national permanent resident. He applied to China's Thousand Talents Program and stob more than \$1 bilion—that's with a "b"—worth of trade employer, an Oklahoma-based percleum company, and got caught. A few morths ago, he was convisted and sent to prison.

Cr there's the case of Shan Shi, a Texas-based to prison earlier this year. Shi stole rade secrets regarding syrlacic form, an important naval lechnology used in submarines. Shi, too, had applied to Chinas Thousan, and specifically pledged to 'tigest' and "abson" in the United States. He did this on behalf of Chinese state-owned enterprises, which ultimately planned to put the American company out of business and take over the market.

In one of the more galling aspects of the scheme, the conspirators actually patented in China the very nanufacturing process they it stolen, and then offered heir vicin